直接引语和间接引语(Direct and Indirect Speech)[上学期]

课件21张PPT。语 法直接引语和间接引语.
(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech) 一字不改地引用或复述别人的话,被引用
或复述的部分就叫直接引语;必须都放在引号
中,其位置常在句尾或句首.
用自己的话转述别人的话,被转述的部分
就叫间接引语;间接引语不必用引号,一般用
宾语从句或复合宾语表达. 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。
主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个
成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中
充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的
从句在全句中作宾语。了解宾语从句 宾语从句要注意以下几点:
选好引导词 2.要用陈述句语序
3.注意时态变化 3.人称的变化了解宾语从句不同引导词引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，
what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when
引导的宾语从句由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
在口语当中往往省略
I hear (that) _______________________. （一小时后他会回来）
He said (that) ______________________. （他非常想念我们）
The teacher told us (that) ___________________________.
（地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接
副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句 where he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is late whom they are waiting forwho could answer the question when we’ll have a meeting由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句e.g.
1. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来）
2. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨） whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系如果直接引语是陈述句或感叹句变为
间接引语,一般变以that引导宾语从句.
1. He said, “You are younger than I ”.

2. He often says,”What a great country China is!””He said that I was younger than him. He often says that China is such a great country.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系如果直接引语是一般疑问句,则
变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句.
She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ”
“Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.
She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系
1. He asked, “Where do you live?”
2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.
He asked where I lived. He asked how they could get to the post-office. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1.He said, “Did Tom leave today or yesterday?”
2.You’re are reading, aren’t you?”he said to me.He asked whether Tom had left that or the day before. He said to me whether I was reading or not.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系如果直接引语是祈使句,则常
变为不定式,作宾补的复合宾语从句.“Tom,” he said to him,”come here, please.”He asked Tom to go there.如果直接引语是一般疑问句,则
变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句.如果直接引语是祈使句,常变
成不定式作宾补的复合宾语.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语
从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。
2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语
动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容
为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。
e.g.
The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 注 意：时态变化的一般规律一般现在时———一般过去时
现在进行时———过去进行时
现在完成时———过去完成时
一般过去时———过去完成时
过去完成时———过去完成时
一般将来时———过去将来时
间接引语中的时间状语需要调整 this week-----that week
last week-----the week before
next week----the next week
now----then today----that day
yesterday-----the day before
tomorrow-----the next day
two days ago-----two days before
间接引语中的地点状语here常需变成there
间接引语中的代词有时需要调整编this----that
间接引语中的动词come常需变成go1. Mr. Wood said, “We have an exam every week.”
2. I said to her, “I want to be a teacher some day.”
3. The patient asked, “What medicine should I take?”
4. The teacher asked, “Whose markers are these?”Mr. Wood said that they had an exam every week.T told her that I wanted to be a teacher some day.The patient asked what medicine he should take.The teacher asked whose markers these were.Lesson 8 Ⅱ. B.
Change the following into indirect speech.2. “ I am very happy to visit your factory.” he said.
4. She said, “I don’t want to listen to the music now.”
6. “There is something wrong with this computer,’said
the girl.
8. “I don’t know where the factory is.” said the women.He said that he was very happy to visit your factory.She said that She didn’t want to listen to the music thenThe girl said that there was something wrong with this computer.The women said that she didn’t know where the factory is.Activity Book Lesson 5 Ex 5.
Can you rewrite the following sentences?2. “We’re working on our lessons now,’ they said.
4. They said, “John is flying a kite on that hill.”
6. One girl said, “The boys are diving.’
8.“I am helping mother with the cooking,”Jenny said.They said that they were working on their lessons then.They said that John is flying a kite on that hill.One girl said that the boys were diving. Jenny said that he was helping mother with the cooking.Activity Book Lesson 6 Ex 5.
Can you rewrite the following sentences?3.“I will be here tonight.” said Li Hua.
4. “I am leaving next week.” my sister said to me.
6. They said,”We’ll have a match tomorrow afternoon.”
8.”I won’t go to your party tomorrow,” Mary told me.Li Hua said that he would be there week.My sister said to me that she was leaving the next week.They said that they would have a match the next afternoon. Mary told me that he wouldn’t go to your party the next day.Activity Book Lesson 7 Ex 5.
Can you rewrite the following sentences?Goodbye