unit1 great scientists
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| 名称 | unit1 great scientists |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 6.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2007-09-26 15:30:00 | ||
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课件125张PPT。Period 1
将pre-reading, reading和comprehending组合成一阅读课时
Period 2
将learning about language和WB中P44 using structures组合成一语言学习课时
Period 3
将using language中的listening和P41 listening, talking组合成一听说课时，以听为主。作业则将WB中P46 speaking task, writing task, project 组合,写一篇reportUnit 1 Great ScientistsPeriod 4
将warming up, using language中的reading and writing以及learning tip组合成一读写课时,以读促写
Period 5
将WB中P44 listening task以及reading task组合成一听读课时，以泛读为主
Period 6
将report, summing up以及checking yourself组合成一复习课时Warming up and Reading 1Learning about languageListening and TalkingReading 2 and WritingListening and ReadingUnit 1 Great ScientistsSumming up and AssessmentPeriod 1 Warming up &
ReadingJohn Snow (1813-1858) was born and worked as a doctor in Great Britain. He was originally an anesthetist(麻醉师).He was so famous that he became the doctor for Queen Victoria at the births of her many children.John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”What do you know about cholera? It is a kind of infectious disease. Infectious diseases can be spread easily. They have an unknown cause and may do great harm to people and are difficult to cure.People could be exposed to infectious diseases,
such as AIDS, SARS .King Cholera
1831 – 1832 : 22,000 deaths
1848 – 1849 : 52,000 deathsLondon, 1854127people died in the first three days a deadly disease hit the cityJohn Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
1.What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
2.Did people know how to cure the disease?
3. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?Para.1An introduction to John Snow and cholera1.What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
suggested answerse.g. I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
Mother had to attend to her sick son .He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. 2.From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?
e.g. The wolf opened its mouth to expose a row of sharp teeth.
People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003. They exposed themselves to cholera. 3. Did people know how to cure the disease?
e.g Aspirin is said to be a wonderful cure for the pain.
Although the boy was beyond cure, his parents tried to cure him of bad habits. No, neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?
e.g. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to control the spread of AIDS
The buttons control the temperature in the building He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?
be absorbed in = concentrate on
eg. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
eg. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. Para.2How serious was the disease outbreak in London?
e.g. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital.
I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days. Para.3
1. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?
2. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?
3. Why did some houses have no deaths?
4. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?
questionsPara.4The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. 1. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease? Map showing the distribution of cholera cases in London, August-September 1854Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street. 3. Why did some houses have no deaths?
These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump. 4. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?
e.g. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.It seemed the water was to blame. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?
Para.5Immediately he told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.
1.What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
2. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
questionsPara.61.What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
suggested answerse.g. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.In addition, he found 2 other deaths. 2. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
He announced that polluted water carried the disease. To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?
Para.7Suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined.
Suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore..
Suppose you’re John Snow’s assistant, please help him finish the following report.
Nobody knew the cause of the serious disease of choleraa strange cloud of gas found its victimspeople absorbed the disease with mealsCollect information from the cholera outbreak to prove which theory was correct
He found the cause of cholera was the polluted waterIdea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried choleraHe defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water Prediction: How did he do research into the disease?stepsMain idea of each paragraphPara 1:
Para 2:
Para 3:
Para 4:the problemthe cause--two theories the method--gather informationthe discovery from the mapPara 5:
Para 6:
Para 7:analyze the waterevidence to confirm his conclusionthe suggestionUse the stages to describe each paragraph.Para 2:Make a question: Which theory is correct?Para 3: Structure of the testPara 1: Find a Problem: What caused the cholera?Think of a method: To Collect information on those who were ill or died and where they lived.Para 4: Collect results: Mark information on a map to find out the cause of the disease.Para 6:
Structure of the testPara 5: Paragraph 7: Prevention of CholeraAnalyze the results: Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the illness.Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion: Cholera was spread by germ; Polluted water carried cholera.
Find a problemMake up a questionAnalyze the resultsCollect resultsRepeat if necessaryDraw a conclusionFind supporting detailsThink of a methodStages in examining a scientific ideaThe passage is written as an experiment report and there are 7 steps. Work in groups and discuss the following questions:
1).What should we do if we came across a cholera outbreak?
2.) What spirit can we find in John Snow? As a student, what should we learn from him?Father of Epidemiology (流 行 病 学之父)What should we do?Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice.
Eat only food that's been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you've peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish. Avoid raw salads and vegetables. Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.
Find a problemMake up a questionAnalyze the resultsCollect resultsDraw a conclusionFind supporting detailsThink of a methodConsolidation Retell the story by following the 7 steps, in the tone of John Snow’s assistant, trying to use as many words and expressions learned in this text as possible.
I’m John Snow’s assistant. I’ll tell you how he defeated “king cholera”… Homework
Read the text fluently.
Ex. 1-3 on P4 Discovering useful words and expressions
Preview the language points in the School-based Curriculum.
Kinds of infectious diseasePeriod 2
Learning about language Please recommend useful / beautiful words, expressions or sentences in the text and tell the reason why you think they are worth recommending.
learning language pointsCholera was _________________ disease in London in the middle of the 19th century. It couldn't be __________ until its cause was found. One idea was that cholera __________________________without reason. It was a strange cloud that attacked its _______. The other idea was that people ___________ this disease with their meals. When another __________ hit London in 1854, he found that in _______________ streets the outbreak was so _________ that over 500 people died. He ________ on a map where all the dead people lived. Fill in the blanksthe most deadlycontrolledmultiplied in the airvictimsabsorbedoutbreaktwo particularseveremarkedThe map gave a ______________ about the cause of the disease. It seemed that the water these people drank _______________. After he looked into______________________ for these two streets, he found that people died of cholera after drinking the _________ water. So John Snow believed that cholera ____ _______by germs and not in a cloud of gas. John Snow was able to defeat cholera once its cause ____________.
valuable cluewas to blame the source of the waterpolluted was spreadwas foundCheck homework: Answers to Ex. 1-3 on P4 Discovering useful words and expressionsEx 1
examined, put forward, exposed, cure, immediately, look into, announced, instruct, valuable
Ex 2
1. make a telephone call 2. make a plan
3. make a speech 4. make a change
5. make a decision 6. make a contribution
7. make a noise 8. make a descriptionDiscovering useful structures Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used, and find two more examples in the reading passage.-- Look at the excited doctor! Why is he so happy?
-- He has proved a new idea in scientific research!
-- No wonder he is excited!
(Predicative表语)(Attribute 定语)Examples in the reading passage 1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. (attribute)
2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. (attribute)
3) He got interested in the two theories. (predicative)
4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood. (predicative)
Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.astonished childrena broken vasea closed doorthe tired audiencea trapped animalpeople who are terrifiedseats that are reservedwater that is polluteda room that is crowdeda winner that is pleased一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。1.前置定语过去分词作定语和表语被动意义an honored guest ,B.完成意义a retired teacher, the injured workersthe fallen leaves2.后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时， 通常放在被修饰的名词之后，作用相当于一个定语从句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.
=that has ever been written二、过去分词作表语作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词，在主-系-表句型中，说明主语所处的一种状态。这种结构中的过去分词前可加 quite, very, rather 等修饰词。其中系动词有包括be 在内的多种形式, eg. You seem frightened.区别“系动词+ 过去分词（系表结构）”和“系动词 + 过去分词（被动语态）”。 注意 A. My glasses are broken.
B. My glasses were broken by my son.分词作表语表示主语的状态;
被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系，绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by 短语来表示。系表结构被动语态Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.(P5)1).He got ______ about losing the money.
2).Why do you always look so ____? Do you sleep well these days?
3).I was ___________ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
4).Everybody was ________________ to hear the death of the famous film star.
5).The children are really _______ about going to the zoo.
6).His wound became _______with a new virus.blamed
tireddisappointedshocked/ depressedexcited
infected过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：注意 现在分词作表语：一般表示主动或主语的性质和特性，含有“令人……”之意。主语多数情况下是表示物的词。
过去分词作表语：一般表示被动或主语所处的状态。含有“感到……”之意。主语多数情况下是表示人的词。(1) The news sounds encouraging. (2) They were encouraged at the news. 比较 现在分词：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting,
inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling,
amusing, astonishing, missing, promising etc. 过去分词：moved, interested, discouraged, amused,
astonished, frightened, excited, inspired,
pleased, satisfied, tired, worried, delighted,
hurt, married etc.
Finish Ex.1&2 on P44. Using structures 11. prepared 2. interested 3. worried, continued 4. arrived 5. concerned 6. frightened1. I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man called Xiao Ming.
3.I looked at that modern abstract painting coloured in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question.
5. She is my friend devoted to my interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were marked in green ink.
7. We saw many cracked windows in that room. 2 Homework
Ex 1-4. on P42-43 Using words and expressions
Ex. in the School-based Curriculum Using structuresPeriod 3
Listening and TalkingRevision: check answers to Ex 1-4. on P42-43 Using words and expressionsEx. 1
1. expose…to 2. link…to 3.connect…to
4. blame 5. severe 6.examine 7.test
8. rejected 9. absorbed 10.defected
Ex. 2
1.Apart from going to the park, I have not been outside my flat this summer.
2.The results of the scientific experiments are valuable to us and they will contribute to the success of our research.
3.In addition to a good income, I am offering you a new flat to live in.
4.It is difficult to make a conclusion without enough evidence.
5.Please check carefully after you complete the writing and make sure all the sentences make sense.
6. You’re going to attend the lecture, aren’t you? But you don’t seem very enthusiastic about it.
7. Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
8.The government announced that the disease was under control.
9. Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.The man in the picture is one of the best-known scientists in China.
He has made great contributions to the development of China’s space industry.Pre-listeningWho is the man?hintsYu Ping is telling her friend Steve Smith about Qian Xueshen’s life. Listen to the tape and then answer the questions.
Before we begin to listen to it, look at the screen and read the new words in the material:
words and phrases astronomer (天文学家)
astronaut (宇航员)
institute (研究所)Answer the questions1.What did Qian Xuesen study first?
2.What experience did he get in America
that was very useful for China?
Qian Xuesen first studied to be an
engineer.
In America he began to work on space
rockets so that he was able to develop a
space programme when he came back to
China.
While-listening 3.What was Qian Xuesen's achievement
when he returned to China from
America?
When Qian Xuesen returned to China he set up a Space Institute to begin training people in how to design and build rockets.
4. How has he been honored in China?
In China he has been honored as “the father of the space programme”.
5. How would Steve honor him?
Steve Smith suggested putting
QianXuesen's picture on Mars when the first Chinese astronaut lands there.
Listen to the tape again, take some notes and then try to give a brief introduction to Qian Xuesen.Post-listening Which plant and animal do you like best? Can you classify them into a system ?
Do you know who classified them?Carl LinnaeusCarl Linnaeus (1707-1778) Swedish Carl Linnaeus is often called the Father of Taxonomy(分类学). He succeeded in classifying the plants and animals into a system they worked. His method was called “the sexual method” of classifying plants and animals.
His ideas on classification have influenced generations of biologists during and after his own lifetime.Pre-listeningA. This is about a man who wants to name a flower.
B. This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to own it.
C. This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to know if it is a new species of flower.Choose which of the following statements most closely describes what this listening passage is about . Explain why the others are wrong.Listen to the tape again and try to complete the following passage.
To find the name of the unknown flower, first you have to go to see a flower ________. He /She will look in a special ________ written by Carl Linnaeus. He lived in __________ from ________to __________. He was very important because he solved a serious problem for _________ . He saw all plants and animals produce _________________________. Some animals produce __________ but others lay _______ while plants ______________. He used these specialistyoung plants and animalsbiology17781707Swedenbookeggsproduce seedsbabiesdifferent ways of producing young to put plants and animals into _________. For example, the group called birds lay ________ to produce young and they all have ________. Linnaeus put the plants and animals into smaller groups or species. He gave each one two names. One is for the large group, for example _______ and one is for the species, for example _________. So a parrot would be ___________. He was the first person to successfully classify(分类)all plants and animals.bird,parrotparrotbirdfeatherseggsgroups Imagine you are going to meet a specialist about a newly-found flower. Your partner will be the assistant for the flower specialist. You both need a description of the other so you can recognize each other when you meet.Now ring the assistant to sort out the necessary information.Talking P41Post-listening Pair work (Making a telephone call)
How will I recognize you?
What special features do you have?
What will you wear?
How will I know you?
What do you look like?
You can recognize me because…
I’m tall/short, fat/thin, young/old with…
My…looks a bit like…
I have large /small ,brown/green eyes with… Homework
1.Write a report about your scientists. Remember to put your information under three headings: (1).Life (2).Achievements (3).Key to success
2.Preview Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory on P6 and language points in School Curriculum
Period 4
Reading 2 and WritingLead in1.连线配对2.图片资料引入3.猜一猜名人Great scientists who have revolutionary theory or inventions Archimedes Thomas Edison Charles Darwin Madame Curie Thomas Newcomen Sir Humphry Davy Steven Hawking Zhang Heng Leonardo da Vinci the seismograph there’s a force in water the electric lamp black holes in Universe a safety lamp for miners the Origin of Species painter studied dead bodies radium the first steam engineColumn A Column BRevolutionary Theory or InventionsDo you know these great scientists?Revolutionary Theory or InventionsHe discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float.Archimedes (287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematicianHe wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed.Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British
author of The Origin of Species Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it and turned it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. He used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children.Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Czech (捷克人)She discovered radium.Marie Curie (1867-1934) (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)He invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities.Thomas Edison (1847-1931) an American inventorHe was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people. Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519) Italian artistHe invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground.Sir Humphry Davy
(1778-1829)BritishHe invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened.Zhang Heng
(78-139) Chinese, invented seismographHe put forward a theory about black holes in his book A Brief History of Time.Stephen Hawking
(1942--) British,one of the world's leading authorities on cosmology in this century. CopernicusCopernicus was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. The chart on P.7 shows his theory.
The solar systemSunMercuryVenusEarthJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePlutoMarsCopernicus’ Revolutionary TheoryWhy didn’t Copernicus publish his theory before he died?Birth: February 19, 1473
Death: May 24, 1543
Place of Birth: Toruń, Poland
Career:
1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy
1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna
1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets
1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely
1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)
Read the passage and find the experiences of CopernicusMore Information About Copernicus http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Science/Copernicus.htm
http://www.library.rdg.ac.uk/colls/special/featureditem/copernicus/
…If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Why? As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had published his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Church’s. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth.DiscussionNow write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his idea so everyone can read them.WritingLearning tips This article is persuasive writing, which is about changing somebody else’s point of view. When you are doing this kind of writing, you must always have some evidence to support your idea. To make this easier, you can hold discussions with your family and friends. Give your ideas and reasons to them whenever you are making choices. You may argue with them and try to persuade them. Then you will find it easier to do your persuade writing.
However, when you are writing, do not forget to plan your work and put your ideas in a logical order.
Now please discuss in a group of four and decide how to write this letter. You can read the tips given to you in ex.3 on page 7First you need to collect your ideas, for example
He believes his new theory is true.
There are problems with the present theory.
He has done many years of observations to prove his new theory is true.
Science can’t develop unless people publish their ideas.
Time will show if his theory is true or not.
Here is a plan:
Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.
Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence.
Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence.
Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.
No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong. So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name) Homework
Finish and revise your composition and finish some exercises in English Weekly.Period 5
Listening and ReadingABCAABBCCDDECan you go over it without missing any points or going over a line twice?FFind The SolutionABCAABBCCDDEstartfinishFABCAABBCCDDEEuler said, “If a figure has more than two odd points, you cannot go over it without lifting your pencil from the page or going over a line twice.”A.B.C:even pointsA.B:even points
C.D: odd pointsC. D.E.F: odd points
A.B: even pointsFLeonhard Euler (1707-1783)
Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, Switzerland Died: 18 Sept 1783 in St Petersburg, RussiaEuler was a famous mathematician in the eighteenth century, he introduced a new branch of mathematics called topology. It is a form of geometry that help you understand things by turning them into diagrams.Brief introductionmathematician
revise
foundation
geometry
calculus
mechanics
diagram数学家
修改
基础
几何学
微积分学
机械学,力学
表格
Pre-listeningsin, cosinRevised and analyzed all maths of his day
Topologyintroduced a lot of symbols
into maths; wrote more
books than anyone beforeWhile-listeningReading task on P45“Seven Bridges of Konigsberg” and the famous “Euler path”.
curved linestraight lineeven pointodd pointA,B,C D : odd pointsA, C: odd points
B, D:even pointsNo Euler pathHas Euler pathstartfinishFig 4:A 1 2 3 4Figure 4Euler’s theory
可以一笔画只有两种情况：
1. 没有奇数顶点。
2. 只有两个奇数顶点。
more information：
http://www.e-mu.cn/bbs/index.phpConclusion Homework
1.Review all the words and expressions learnt in this unit.
2.Finish some exercises.Period 6
Summing up & Assessment“Nothing in the world is to be feared;
it is only to be understood.”--Marie Curie
It is not the strongest of the species that survives,nor the most intelligent that
survives. It is the one that is the most
adaptable to change. --Charles Darwin
“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”--Thomas Alva Edison
Enjoy some famous saying by scientists Expressions & phrases (1)
know about… 了解……的情况
lift up 举起;抬起;提升
steam engine 蒸汽机
physical characteristic 人体的特征
put forward a theory about black holes
提出一个有关黑洞的理论
6. infectious disease 传染性的疾病
7. in scientific research 在科学研究上
8. examine a new scientific idea 验证一个新的 科学思想9. draw a conclusion 得出结论
10. analyse the results 分析结果
11. a well-known doctor 一个著名的医生
12. ordinary people 百姓;普通人
13. expose (…)to sth. 暴露(…..)在……中
14. the most deadly disease 最致命的疾病
15. terrified people 被吓坏的人们
16. get interested in sth./doing sth. 对…产生兴趣
17. absorb sth. into… 把….吸收入….
18. gather the information 收集信息
19. determine to do sth. 决心干某事20. a valuable clue 一条珍贵的线索
21. the water pump 水泵
22. in addition (to…) 除..…之外还有…
23. link … to … 将….和….联系起来 (be linked to…)
24. have it delivered (have sth. done) 叫某人送东西
25. die of… 死于…
26. announce with certainty 肯定地宣布
27. polluted water 被污染的水
28. prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事
29. deal with… 处理……
30. solve the problem 解决难题 Expressions & Phrases (2)
come to an end 到了尽头
find the cause of this illness 找出疾病的起因
look into… 调查……
apart from… 除…..之外;此外 (=except for…)
prepare for… 预备好….
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
a revolutionary theory 一个革命性的理论
lead to… 通向…. ;导致… (注意:to为介词)
make sense 有意义10. at times =sometimes 有时候
11. contribute to sth. 有助于;促进
12. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
13. point of view 观点
14. living conditions 居住条件
15. break… in/into pieces 把…摔成碎块
16. be devoted to sth./sb. 专致于…….; 关心…;挚爱…
17. devote one’s life to doing sth. 献身于…..
18. curved line 曲线
19. achieve great success 取得巨大的成功1) John Snow devoted himself to ________(science, scientific) research.
2) He worked hard until he drew a _________ (conclude, conclusion) in 1854.
3) The teacher drew a picture to make herself ______ (ease, easy, easily) understood.
4) The boy needs some more stamp to make his collection __________ (complete, completely).
5) ____________ (Apart from, Except) that 10 dollars, I have another ten given by my mother.Choose the correct wordsscientificconclusioneasilycompleteApart fromFill in the blanks in the correct form1).But he became _______ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people _____(expose) to cholera.
2).The disease attacked the body quickly and soon the _______ (affect) person was dead.
3).Immediately he told the ______ (astonish) people to remove the handle from the water pump.
4).In addition, he found two other deaths that were ______ (link) to the broad Street outbreak.
5).The water companies were also ____(instruct) not to expose people to polluted water anymore.Time to enjoy your report on scientists Checking Yourself湖州中学 周艺
将pre-reading, reading和comprehending组合成一阅读课时
Period 2
将learning about language和WB中P44 using structures组合成一语言学习课时
Period 3
将using language中的listening和P41 listening, talking组合成一听说课时，以听为主。作业则将WB中P46 speaking task, writing task, project 组合,写一篇reportUnit 1 Great ScientistsPeriod 4
将warming up, using language中的reading and writing以及learning tip组合成一读写课时,以读促写
Period 5
将WB中P44 listening task以及reading task组合成一听读课时，以泛读为主
Period 6
将report, summing up以及checking yourself组合成一复习课时Warming up and Reading 1Learning about languageListening and TalkingReading 2 and WritingListening and ReadingUnit 1 Great ScientistsSumming up and AssessmentPeriod 1 Warming up &
ReadingJohn Snow (1813-1858) was born and worked as a doctor in Great Britain. He was originally an anesthetist(麻醉师).He was so famous that he became the doctor for Queen Victoria at the births of her many children.John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”What do you know about cholera? It is a kind of infectious disease. Infectious diseases can be spread easily. They have an unknown cause and may do great harm to people and are difficult to cure.People could be exposed to infectious diseases,
such as AIDS, SARS .King Cholera
1831 – 1832 : 22,000 deaths
1848 – 1849 : 52,000 deathsLondon, 1854127people died in the first three days a deadly disease hit the cityJohn Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
1.What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
2.Did people know how to cure the disease?
3. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?Para.1An introduction to John Snow and cholera1.What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
suggested answerse.g. I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
Mother had to attend to her sick son .He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. 2.From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?
e.g. The wolf opened its mouth to expose a row of sharp teeth.
People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003. They exposed themselves to cholera. 3. Did people know how to cure the disease?
e.g Aspirin is said to be a wonderful cure for the pain.
Although the boy was beyond cure, his parents tried to cure him of bad habits. No, neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?
e.g. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to control the spread of AIDS
The buttons control the temperature in the building He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?
be absorbed in = concentrate on
eg. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
eg. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. Para.2How serious was the disease outbreak in London?
e.g. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital.
I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days. Para.3
1. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?
2. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?
3. Why did some houses have no deaths?
4. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?
questionsPara.4The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. 1. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease? Map showing the distribution of cholera cases in London, August-September 1854Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street. 3. Why did some houses have no deaths?
These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump. 4. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?
e.g. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.It seemed the water was to blame. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?
Para.5Immediately he told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.
1.What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
2. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
questionsPara.61.What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
suggested answerse.g. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.In addition, he found 2 other deaths. 2. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
He announced that polluted water carried the disease. To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?
Para.7Suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined.
Suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore..
Suppose you’re John Snow’s assistant, please help him finish the following report.
Nobody knew the cause of the serious disease of choleraa strange cloud of gas found its victimspeople absorbed the disease with mealsCollect information from the cholera outbreak to prove which theory was correct
He found the cause of cholera was the polluted waterIdea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried choleraHe defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water Prediction: How did he do research into the disease?stepsMain idea of each paragraphPara 1:
Para 2:
Para 3:
Para 4:the problemthe cause--two theories the method--gather informationthe discovery from the mapPara 5:
Para 6:
Para 7:analyze the waterevidence to confirm his conclusionthe suggestionUse the stages to describe each paragraph.Para 2:Make a question: Which theory is correct?Para 3: Structure of the testPara 1: Find a Problem: What caused the cholera?Think of a method: To Collect information on those who were ill or died and where they lived.Para 4: Collect results: Mark information on a map to find out the cause of the disease.Para 6:
Structure of the testPara 5: Paragraph 7: Prevention of CholeraAnalyze the results: Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the illness.Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion: Cholera was spread by germ; Polluted water carried cholera.
Find a problemMake up a questionAnalyze the resultsCollect resultsRepeat if necessaryDraw a conclusionFind supporting detailsThink of a methodStages in examining a scientific ideaThe passage is written as an experiment report and there are 7 steps. Work in groups and discuss the following questions:
1).What should we do if we came across a cholera outbreak?
2.) What spirit can we find in John Snow? As a student, what should we learn from him?Father of Epidemiology (流 行 病 学之父)What should we do?Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice.
Eat only food that's been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you've peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish. Avoid raw salads and vegetables. Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.
Find a problemMake up a questionAnalyze the resultsCollect resultsDraw a conclusionFind supporting detailsThink of a methodConsolidation Retell the story by following the 7 steps, in the tone of John Snow’s assistant, trying to use as many words and expressions learned in this text as possible.
I’m John Snow’s assistant. I’ll tell you how he defeated “king cholera”… Homework
Read the text fluently.
Ex. 1-3 on P4 Discovering useful words and expressions
Preview the language points in the School-based Curriculum.
Kinds of infectious diseasePeriod 2
Learning about language Please recommend useful / beautiful words, expressions or sentences in the text and tell the reason why you think they are worth recommending.
learning language pointsCholera was _________________ disease in London in the middle of the 19th century. It couldn't be __________ until its cause was found. One idea was that cholera __________________________without reason. It was a strange cloud that attacked its _______. The other idea was that people ___________ this disease with their meals. When another __________ hit London in 1854, he found that in _______________ streets the outbreak was so _________ that over 500 people died. He ________ on a map where all the dead people lived. Fill in the blanksthe most deadlycontrolledmultiplied in the airvictimsabsorbedoutbreaktwo particularseveremarkedThe map gave a ______________ about the cause of the disease. It seemed that the water these people drank _______________. After he looked into______________________ for these two streets, he found that people died of cholera after drinking the _________ water. So John Snow believed that cholera ____ _______by germs and not in a cloud of gas. John Snow was able to defeat cholera once its cause ____________.
valuable cluewas to blame the source of the waterpolluted was spreadwas foundCheck homework: Answers to Ex. 1-3 on P4 Discovering useful words and expressionsEx 1
examined, put forward, exposed, cure, immediately, look into, announced, instruct, valuable
Ex 2
1. make a telephone call 2. make a plan
3. make a speech 4. make a change
5. make a decision 6. make a contribution
7. make a noise 8. make a descriptionDiscovering useful structures Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used, and find two more examples in the reading passage.-- Look at the excited doctor! Why is he so happy?
-- He has proved a new idea in scientific research!
-- No wonder he is excited!
(Predicative表语)(Attribute 定语)Examples in the reading passage 1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. (attribute)
2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. (attribute)
3) He got interested in the two theories. (predicative)
4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood. (predicative)
Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.astonished childrena broken vasea closed doorthe tired audiencea trapped animalpeople who are terrifiedseats that are reservedwater that is polluteda room that is crowdeda winner that is pleased一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。1.前置定语过去分词作定语和表语被动意义an honored guest ,B.完成意义a retired teacher, the injured workersthe fallen leaves2.后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时， 通常放在被修饰的名词之后，作用相当于一个定语从句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.
=that has ever been written二、过去分词作表语作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词，在主-系-表句型中，说明主语所处的一种状态。这种结构中的过去分词前可加 quite, very, rather 等修饰词。其中系动词有包括be 在内的多种形式, eg. You seem frightened.区别“系动词+ 过去分词（系表结构）”和“系动词 + 过去分词（被动语态）”。 注意 A. My glasses are broken.
B. My glasses were broken by my son.分词作表语表示主语的状态;
被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系，绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by 短语来表示。系表结构被动语态Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.(P5)1).He got ______ about losing the money.
2).Why do you always look so ____? Do you sleep well these days?
3).I was ___________ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
4).Everybody was ________________ to hear the death of the famous film star.
5).The children are really _______ about going to the zoo.
6).His wound became _______with a new virus.blamed
tireddisappointedshocked/ depressedexcited
infected过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：注意 现在分词作表语：一般表示主动或主语的性质和特性，含有“令人……”之意。主语多数情况下是表示物的词。
过去分词作表语：一般表示被动或主语所处的状态。含有“感到……”之意。主语多数情况下是表示人的词。(1) The news sounds encouraging. (2) They were encouraged at the news. 比较 现在分词：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting,
inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling,
amusing, astonishing, missing, promising etc. 过去分词：moved, interested, discouraged, amused,
astonished, frightened, excited, inspired,
pleased, satisfied, tired, worried, delighted,
hurt, married etc.
Finish Ex.1&2 on P44. Using structures 11. prepared 2. interested 3. worried, continued 4. arrived 5. concerned 6. frightened1. I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man called Xiao Ming.
3.I looked at that modern abstract painting coloured in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question.
5. She is my friend devoted to my interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were marked in green ink.
7. We saw many cracked windows in that room. 2 Homework
Ex 1-4. on P42-43 Using words and expressions
Ex. in the School-based Curriculum Using structuresPeriod 3
Listening and TalkingRevision: check answers to Ex 1-4. on P42-43 Using words and expressionsEx. 1
1. expose…to 2. link…to 3.connect…to
4. blame 5. severe 6.examine 7.test
8. rejected 9. absorbed 10.defected
Ex. 2
1.Apart from going to the park, I have not been outside my flat this summer.
2.The results of the scientific experiments are valuable to us and they will contribute to the success of our research.
3.In addition to a good income, I am offering you a new flat to live in.
4.It is difficult to make a conclusion without enough evidence.
5.Please check carefully after you complete the writing and make sure all the sentences make sense.
6. You’re going to attend the lecture, aren’t you? But you don’t seem very enthusiastic about it.
7. Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
8.The government announced that the disease was under control.
9. Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.The man in the picture is one of the best-known scientists in China.
He has made great contributions to the development of China’s space industry.Pre-listeningWho is the man?hintsYu Ping is telling her friend Steve Smith about Qian Xueshen’s life. Listen to the tape and then answer the questions.
Before we begin to listen to it, look at the screen and read the new words in the material:
words and phrases astronomer (天文学家)
astronaut (宇航员)
institute (研究所)Answer the questions1.What did Qian Xuesen study first?
2.What experience did he get in America
that was very useful for China?
Qian Xuesen first studied to be an
engineer.
In America he began to work on space
rockets so that he was able to develop a
space programme when he came back to
China.
While-listening 3.What was Qian Xuesen's achievement
when he returned to China from
America?
When Qian Xuesen returned to China he set up a Space Institute to begin training people in how to design and build rockets.
4. How has he been honored in China?
In China he has been honored as “the father of the space programme”.
5. How would Steve honor him?
Steve Smith suggested putting
QianXuesen's picture on Mars when the first Chinese astronaut lands there.
Listen to the tape again, take some notes and then try to give a brief introduction to Qian Xuesen.Post-listening Which plant and animal do you like best? Can you classify them into a system ?
Do you know who classified them?Carl LinnaeusCarl Linnaeus (1707-1778) Swedish Carl Linnaeus is often called the Father of Taxonomy(分类学). He succeeded in classifying the plants and animals into a system they worked. His method was called “the sexual method” of classifying plants and animals.
His ideas on classification have influenced generations of biologists during and after his own lifetime.Pre-listeningA. This is about a man who wants to name a flower.
B. This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to own it.
C. This is about a man who finds a flower and wants to know if it is a new species of flower.Choose which of the following statements most closely describes what this listening passage is about . Explain why the others are wrong.Listen to the tape again and try to complete the following passage.
To find the name of the unknown flower, first you have to go to see a flower ________. He /She will look in a special ________ written by Carl Linnaeus. He lived in __________ from ________to __________. He was very important because he solved a serious problem for _________ . He saw all plants and animals produce _________________________. Some animals produce __________ but others lay _______ while plants ______________. He used these specialistyoung plants and animalsbiology17781707Swedenbookeggsproduce seedsbabiesdifferent ways of producing young to put plants and animals into _________. For example, the group called birds lay ________ to produce young and they all have ________. Linnaeus put the plants and animals into smaller groups or species. He gave each one two names. One is for the large group, for example _______ and one is for the species, for example _________. So a parrot would be ___________. He was the first person to successfully classify(分类)all plants and animals.bird,parrotparrotbirdfeatherseggsgroups Imagine you are going to meet a specialist about a newly-found flower. Your partner will be the assistant for the flower specialist. You both need a description of the other so you can recognize each other when you meet.Now ring the assistant to sort out the necessary information.Talking P41Post-listening Pair work (Making a telephone call)
How will I recognize you?
What special features do you have?
What will you wear?
How will I know you?
What do you look like?
You can recognize me because…
I’m tall/short, fat/thin, young/old with…
My…looks a bit like…
I have large /small ,brown/green eyes with… Homework
1.Write a report about your scientists. Remember to put your information under three headings: (1).Life (2).Achievements (3).Key to success
2.Preview Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory on P6 and language points in School Curriculum
Period 4
Reading 2 and WritingLead in1.连线配对2.图片资料引入3.猜一猜名人Great scientists who have revolutionary theory or inventions Archimedes Thomas Edison Charles Darwin Madame Curie Thomas Newcomen Sir Humphry Davy Steven Hawking Zhang Heng Leonardo da Vinci the seismograph there’s a force in water the electric lamp black holes in Universe a safety lamp for miners the Origin of Species painter studied dead bodies radium the first steam engineColumn A Column BRevolutionary Theory or InventionsDo you know these great scientists?Revolutionary Theory or InventionsHe discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float.Archimedes (287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematicianHe wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed.Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British
author of The Origin of Species Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it and turned it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. He used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children.Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Czech (捷克人)She discovered radium.Marie Curie (1867-1934) (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)He invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities.Thomas Edison (1847-1931) an American inventorHe was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people. Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519) Italian artistHe invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground.Sir Humphry Davy
(1778-1829)BritishHe invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened.Zhang Heng
(78-139) Chinese, invented seismographHe put forward a theory about black holes in his book A Brief History of Time.Stephen Hawking
(1942--) British,one of the world's leading authorities on cosmology in this century. CopernicusCopernicus was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. The chart on P.7 shows his theory.
The solar systemSunMercuryVenusEarthJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePlutoMarsCopernicus’ Revolutionary TheoryWhy didn’t Copernicus publish his theory before he died?Birth: February 19, 1473
Death: May 24, 1543
Place of Birth: Toruń, Poland
Career:
1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy
1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna
1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets
1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely
1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)
Read the passage and find the experiences of CopernicusMore Information About Copernicus http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Science/Copernicus.htm
http://www.library.rdg.ac.uk/colls/special/featureditem/copernicus/
…If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Why? As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had published his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Church’s. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth.DiscussionNow write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his idea so everyone can read them.WritingLearning tips This article is persuasive writing, which is about changing somebody else’s point of view. When you are doing this kind of writing, you must always have some evidence to support your idea. To make this easier, you can hold discussions with your family and friends. Give your ideas and reasons to them whenever you are making choices. You may argue with them and try to persuade them. Then you will find it easier to do your persuade writing.
However, when you are writing, do not forget to plan your work and put your ideas in a logical order.
Now please discuss in a group of four and decide how to write this letter. You can read the tips given to you in ex.3 on page 7First you need to collect your ideas, for example
He believes his new theory is true.
There are problems with the present theory.
He has done many years of observations to prove his new theory is true.
Science can’t develop unless people publish their ideas.
Time will show if his theory is true or not.
Here is a plan:
Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.
Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence.
Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence.
Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.
No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong. So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name) Homework
Finish and revise your composition and finish some exercises in English Weekly.Period 5
Listening and ReadingABCAABBCCDDECan you go over it without missing any points or going over a line twice?FFind The SolutionABCAABBCCDDEstartfinishFABCAABBCCDDEEuler said, “If a figure has more than two odd points, you cannot go over it without lifting your pencil from the page or going over a line twice.”A.B.C:even pointsA.B:even points
C.D: odd pointsC. D.E.F: odd points
A.B: even pointsFLeonhard Euler (1707-1783)
Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, Switzerland Died: 18 Sept 1783 in St Petersburg, RussiaEuler was a famous mathematician in the eighteenth century, he introduced a new branch of mathematics called topology. It is a form of geometry that help you understand things by turning them into diagrams.Brief introductionmathematician
revise
foundation
geometry
calculus
mechanics
diagram数学家
修改
基础
几何学
微积分学
机械学,力学
表格
Pre-listeningsin, cosinRevised and analyzed all maths of his day
Topologyintroduced a lot of symbols
into maths; wrote more
books than anyone beforeWhile-listeningReading task on P45“Seven Bridges of Konigsberg” and the famous “Euler path”.
curved linestraight lineeven pointodd pointA,B,C D : odd pointsA, C: odd points
B, D:even pointsNo Euler pathHas Euler pathstartfinishFig 4:A 1 2 3 4Figure 4Euler’s theory
可以一笔画只有两种情况：
1. 没有奇数顶点。
2. 只有两个奇数顶点。
more information：
http://www.e-mu.cn/bbs/index.phpConclusion Homework
1.Review all the words and expressions learnt in this unit.
2.Finish some exercises.Period 6
Summing up & Assessment“Nothing in the world is to be feared;
it is only to be understood.”--Marie Curie
It is not the strongest of the species that survives,nor the most intelligent that
survives. It is the one that is the most
adaptable to change. --Charles Darwin
“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”--Thomas Alva Edison
Enjoy some famous saying by scientists Expressions & phrases (1)
know about… 了解……的情况
lift up 举起;抬起;提升
steam engine 蒸汽机
physical characteristic 人体的特征
put forward a theory about black holes
提出一个有关黑洞的理论
6. infectious disease 传染性的疾病
7. in scientific research 在科学研究上
8. examine a new scientific idea 验证一个新的 科学思想9. draw a conclusion 得出结论
10. analyse the results 分析结果
11. a well-known doctor 一个著名的医生
12. ordinary people 百姓;普通人
13. expose (…)to sth. 暴露(…..)在……中
14. the most deadly disease 最致命的疾病
15. terrified people 被吓坏的人们
16. get interested in sth./doing sth. 对…产生兴趣
17. absorb sth. into… 把….吸收入….
18. gather the information 收集信息
19. determine to do sth. 决心干某事20. a valuable clue 一条珍贵的线索
21. the water pump 水泵
22. in addition (to…) 除..…之外还有…
23. link … to … 将….和….联系起来 (be linked to…)
24. have it delivered (have sth. done) 叫某人送东西
25. die of… 死于…
26. announce with certainty 肯定地宣布
27. polluted water 被污染的水
28. prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事
29. deal with… 处理……
30. solve the problem 解决难题 Expressions & Phrases (2)
come to an end 到了尽头
find the cause of this illness 找出疾病的起因
look into… 调查……
apart from… 除…..之外;此外 (=except for…)
prepare for… 预备好….
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
a revolutionary theory 一个革命性的理论
lead to… 通向…. ;导致… (注意:to为介词)
make sense 有意义10. at times =sometimes 有时候
11. contribute to sth. 有助于;促进
12. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
13. point of view 观点
14. living conditions 居住条件
15. break… in/into pieces 把…摔成碎块
16. be devoted to sth./sb. 专致于…….; 关心…;挚爱…
17. devote one’s life to doing sth. 献身于…..
18. curved line 曲线
19. achieve great success 取得巨大的成功1) John Snow devoted himself to ________(science, scientific) research.
2) He worked hard until he drew a _________ (conclude, conclusion) in 1854.
3) The teacher drew a picture to make herself ______ (ease, easy, easily) understood.
4) The boy needs some more stamp to make his collection __________ (complete, completely).
5) ____________ (Apart from, Except) that 10 dollars, I have another ten given by my mother.Choose the correct wordsscientificconclusioneasilycompleteApart fromFill in the blanks in the correct form1).But he became _______ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people _____(expose) to cholera.
2).The disease attacked the body quickly and soon the _______ (affect) person was dead.
3).Immediately he told the ______ (astonish) people to remove the handle from the water pump.
4).In addition, he found two other deaths that were ______ (link) to the broad Street outbreak.
5).The water companies were also ____(instruct) not to expose people to polluted water anymore.Time to enjoy your report on scientists Checking Yourself湖州中学 周艺