Unit 1 Great Scientists language points
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Great Scientists language points |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 750.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2007-09-30 19:28:00 | ||
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课件78张PPT。Words
Expressions
Structures 1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London? He attended Queen Victoria to ease the
birth of her babies.Questions3. Did people know how to cure the disease?2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?They exposed themselves to cholera.4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled? He knew he would never be controlled
until its cause was found. People absorbed this disease into their
bodies with their meals.5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?6. How serious was the disease
outbreak in London? The cholera outbreak was so severe that
more than 500 people had died in 10
days.The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.7. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.8. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?9. Why did some houses have no deaths?
These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.It seemed the water was to blame..10. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease? He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could
not be used.11. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?12. What else did Dr. Snow find in
another part of London that were
linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
In addition, he found 2 other deaths.13. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public? He announced that polluted water
carried the disease.14. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies? They were instructed not to expose
people to polluted water anymore.1. Choose the suitable words or expressions to complete this passage:
valuable, instruct, cure, expose, look into, examine, put forward, immediately, announce
Li Heping was a famous football player, but his career came to an end when he became very ill. The doctor _________ him but could not find the cause of this illness. He ___________ the theory that Li Heping had been _______ to a new virus. He knew he would not be able to ____ him___________,examinedput forwardexposedcureimmediately but promised he would ________the possibility of finding one in the future. Sadly, Li Heping __________ that he would take up a new career to _______ footballers in planning for the future. instructlook intoannouncedAt his last match he thanked his
fans for their _______ support
by singing the popular song:
“Thanks for the memory”.valuable2. Sometimes in English we put the verb make with a noun instead of using a simple verb; for example, make a mistake instead of to mistake. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make + a + noun. (P4)make a phone callmake a
decisionmake a planmake a
contributionmake a
conclusionmake a noisemake an
achievementmake a
decision3. Speak out the phrases with “make” according to the pictures or the Chinese definitions.
交朋友make friends确保; 确定make sure下定决心make up one’s mind为...腾出空位make room formake a facemake the bed一路前进;向前make one’s way toUSING WORDS AND
EXPRESSIONS This is a report on living conditions in England in the nineteenth century. Choose the correct verb or conjunction to put into the text. Each word may be used only once.
link ... to blame expose ... to test
defeat reject absorb examine
severe1 In the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living conditions in the nineteenth century ______ people ___ serious illnesses. exposetoThe reports of many doctors ____
illness ___ drinking polluted water.
However, one hundred years ago
people did not connect a disease to
the environment. So they did not
_____ the companies that supplied
dirty water. linktoblameThe doctors found that the dirtier the
water, the more ______ the illness. It was
only later when people began to ________
the water and ____ its quality that they
_______ the idea that cholera was
_________ from the air. severeexaminetestrejectedabsorbedIt was only when everybody began to
attack the dirty conditions that
cholera was ________ and was not a
problem any more.defeatedApart from going to the park, I have
not been outside my flat this summer. 2Translate these sentences into English,
using the words and phrases in brackets.
(P42, WB)1. 除了去公园以外，这个夏天我就没有出过公寓。(apart from) The results of the scientific
experiments are valuable to us and they
will contribute to the success of our
research.2. 这些科学实验的结果对于我们非常
价值,它们将有助于我们的研究取得成
功。
(scientific; valuable；contribute to) 3. 除了提供好的收入，我还提供一套新的公寓给你住。(in addition to) 4. 没有足够的证据很难作出结论。(make a conclusion)It is difficult to make a conclusion
without enough evidence.In addition to a good income I am
offering you a new flat to live in. 5. 在完成写作之后请仔细检查，看看是否所有的句子都说得通。(complete；make sense) Please check carefully after you
complete the writing and make sure
all the sentences make sense.6. 你要去听演讲，对吧?可你看起来对此不是很热心。(attend ; enthusiastic)
You're going to attend the lecture, aren't you? But you don't seem very enthusiastic about it.7. 工作太多而休息太少往往会导致疾病。(lead to)
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
8. 政府宣布该疾病已得到控制。(announce；control)
The government announced that the disease was under control.9. 杨教授对助手们要求严格。他们必须 按照他的指示做试验。(be strict with)
Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.
Here is a list of prefixes which are useful in helping you learn new words. Think of some examples for each prefix and try to write as many as you can. Remember not all words that begin with these letters contain a prefix (eg important). P433Students
Doctors and nurses
People in the neighborhood
All his friends and relatives
Gardeners
Members of the
Union of studentschurch
patients
a lecture
school
a meeting about
the Union
his wedding
the botanical
gardenattendattend* I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
* Mother had to attend to her sick son .eg: 1. The wolf opened its mouth
to ______ a row of sharp
teeth.2. Don’t ______ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.exposeexposeexpose3. People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003. Meaning?“to show sth. that is usually covered; to
leave unprotected; to put sth.
in a harmful situation”eg: The police began to look into the case,
but the eyewitness was afraid to _______
the murderer. Meaning?“to make known; to tell the truth”expose* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will_____ you. He will ____ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a
wonderful _____ for the pain.curecurecurecure* Although the boy was beyond _____, his parents tried to ____ him of bad habits.
* The prices are going up every day, but there is no _____ for rising prices.curecurecureThe wound on my arm has healed .
He was healed of his sickness .healcontrolComplete the sentences in the first part
with the words in the second part.
“control” will be used between the
2 parts.1. The Republican Party continued to ___.
2. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to ___.
3. Sarah just cannot ___ .
4. The buttons ____ .BACDPart 1A. the spread of AIDS
B. the House (议院) of the USA
C. her temper
D. the temperature in the building Part 2* the head in control of the country.
He was in control of the car.
* be under the control of…
* get / be out of control; lose controlPhrases of ‘control’soil
sponge
water
students
air
work / job
a big companysound
knowledge
heat
time
an article
a small company
the meaning (of a
remark)
waterabsorb—take in/understandbe absorbed in = concentrate on
eg. He is absorbed in the research of
Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
eg. Chinese history absorbs his
attention recently.Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
严重急性呼吸道症候群
Q: Which of the following definitions is suitable for each sentence?Do you know the full name of SARS?severeA. unpleasant or dangerous weather
B. very strict
C. very bad or serious to worry about
D. extreme criticism or punishment1. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital.
2. I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.
CA3. Come on! Don’t be so severe with the children.
4. His report contains severe criticism of the company’s actions.BD-- What is the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace?
-- It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000.
-- It was a valuable diamond necklace.valuable [谚]井干方知水可贵。
We never know ___ ____ of water ___ __ ___ __ ___.
Q1: What’s the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or verb? What does “valuable” mean?the valuetill the well is dry* value (n.): the amount of money that sth. is worth
* value (vt.): to decide that how much sth. is worth
* valuable (adj.): worth a lot of moneyeg: The Longman Dictionary of
Contemporary English is of great value to
you.
His research has been of no / little
practical value.
I value your friendship very highly.
Q2: What is the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or a verb in the above sentences? value (n.): the importance or
usefulness of something
* value (vt.): to think that something is
important to youQ3: In the text, “The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.” does “valuable” means “worth a lot of money”?
* valuable (adj.): important because there
is only a limited amount
available泵 (油泵; 气泵), 抽水机, 打气筒pumpIf have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.)
When my car was short of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas .pumpWe had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.
His heart was pumping fast.
During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.酒馆
bar旅馆;
小店pub, public house blame sb. / sth. for… : to say or think
that sb. or sth. is responsible for sth.
bad
eg: It’s not fair to blame me. It’s not
my fault.
They blamed the secretary for the
delay of the plan.blame* be to blame: be responsible for sth. bad
eg. The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
* take the blame: to say that sth. is your fault
eg. He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.handle A. 操作; 运用 B. 经销; 买卖 C. 管理 D. 对待 E. 应付 F. 控制; 管handle v.Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the company's accounts.C2. The children are so naughty that I
can't handle them.
3. She handled a difficult argument
skillfully.FE4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you.
5. This shop handles paper and stationery.
6. He learnt how to handle the axe.DBAin addition
also
as well as
besidesused when adding another
fact to what has already been
mentioned In addition to apples you asked for, I
bought you some oranges.In addition2. The two towns are linked
by a railway. 1. A lot of links fitted together form a chain. 3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.link4. 研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。
Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.1. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.
3. The army announced a cease-fire. announce4. It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week.
Meaning?
* to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station5. The announcer announces three programs a week.
* to introduce a program on TV or radio* train approach announcement
* He waited for the announcement
of the result of the competition.
* make an announcement
announcement1. -- Who instructs your class in history?
-- Mr Black. He is our instructor.
2. She instructed me in the use of this telephone.
3. I've been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.(to teach; to order)instructdetailed directions on procedure;
an order; teachinginstruction1. The boss gave me so many instructions at one time that I got muddled up.
2. We forgot to read the instructions. (an instruction book)
3. Under Berry’s instruction, I slowly mastered the art of glass blowing.
Expressions
Structures 1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London? He attended Queen Victoria to ease the
birth of her babies.Questions3. Did people know how to cure the disease?2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?They exposed themselves to cholera.4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled? He knew he would never be controlled
until its cause was found. People absorbed this disease into their
bodies with their meals.5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?6. How serious was the disease
outbreak in London? The cholera outbreak was so severe that
more than 500 people had died in 10
days.The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.7. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.8. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?9. Why did some houses have no deaths?
These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.It seemed the water was to blame..10. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease? He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could
not be used.11. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?12. What else did Dr. Snow find in
another part of London that were
linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
In addition, he found 2 other deaths.13. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public? He announced that polluted water
carried the disease.14. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies? They were instructed not to expose
people to polluted water anymore.1. Choose the suitable words or expressions to complete this passage:
valuable, instruct, cure, expose, look into, examine, put forward, immediately, announce
Li Heping was a famous football player, but his career came to an end when he became very ill. The doctor _________ him but could not find the cause of this illness. He ___________ the theory that Li Heping had been _______ to a new virus. He knew he would not be able to ____ him___________,examinedput forwardexposedcureimmediately but promised he would ________the possibility of finding one in the future. Sadly, Li Heping __________ that he would take up a new career to _______ footballers in planning for the future. instructlook intoannouncedAt his last match he thanked his
fans for their _______ support
by singing the popular song:
“Thanks for the memory”.valuable2. Sometimes in English we put the verb make with a noun instead of using a simple verb; for example, make a mistake instead of to mistake. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make + a + noun. (P4)make a phone callmake a
decisionmake a planmake a
contributionmake a
conclusionmake a noisemake an
achievementmake a
decision3. Speak out the phrases with “make” according to the pictures or the Chinese definitions.
交朋友make friends确保; 确定make sure下定决心make up one’s mind为...腾出空位make room formake a facemake the bed一路前进;向前make one’s way toUSING WORDS AND
EXPRESSIONS This is a report on living conditions in England in the nineteenth century. Choose the correct verb or conjunction to put into the text. Each word may be used only once.
link ... to blame expose ... to test
defeat reject absorb examine
severe1 In the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living conditions in the nineteenth century ______ people ___ serious illnesses. exposetoThe reports of many doctors ____
illness ___ drinking polluted water.
However, one hundred years ago
people did not connect a disease to
the environment. So they did not
_____ the companies that supplied
dirty water. linktoblameThe doctors found that the dirtier the
water, the more ______ the illness. It was
only later when people began to ________
the water and ____ its quality that they
_______ the idea that cholera was
_________ from the air. severeexaminetestrejectedabsorbedIt was only when everybody began to
attack the dirty conditions that
cholera was ________ and was not a
problem any more.defeatedApart from going to the park, I have
not been outside my flat this summer. 2Translate these sentences into English,
using the words and phrases in brackets.
(P42, WB)1. 除了去公园以外，这个夏天我就没有出过公寓。(apart from) The results of the scientific
experiments are valuable to us and they
will contribute to the success of our
research.2. 这些科学实验的结果对于我们非常
价值,它们将有助于我们的研究取得成
功。
(scientific; valuable；contribute to) 3. 除了提供好的收入，我还提供一套新的公寓给你住。(in addition to) 4. 没有足够的证据很难作出结论。(make a conclusion)It is difficult to make a conclusion
without enough evidence.In addition to a good income I am
offering you a new flat to live in. 5. 在完成写作之后请仔细检查，看看是否所有的句子都说得通。(complete；make sense) Please check carefully after you
complete the writing and make sure
all the sentences make sense.6. 你要去听演讲，对吧?可你看起来对此不是很热心。(attend ; enthusiastic)
You're going to attend the lecture, aren't you? But you don't seem very enthusiastic about it.7. 工作太多而休息太少往往会导致疾病。(lead to)
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
8. 政府宣布该疾病已得到控制。(announce；control)
The government announced that the disease was under control.9. 杨教授对助手们要求严格。他们必须 按照他的指示做试验。(be strict with)
Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.
Here is a list of prefixes which are useful in helping you learn new words. Think of some examples for each prefix and try to write as many as you can. Remember not all words that begin with these letters contain a prefix (eg important). P433Students
Doctors and nurses
People in the neighborhood
All his friends and relatives
Gardeners
Members of the
Union of studentschurch
patients
a lecture
school
a meeting about
the Union
his wedding
the botanical
gardenattendattend* I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
* Mother had to attend to her sick son .eg: 1. The wolf opened its mouth
to ______ a row of sharp
teeth.2. Don’t ______ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.exposeexposeexpose3. People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003. Meaning?“to show sth. that is usually covered; to
leave unprotected; to put sth.
in a harmful situation”eg: The police began to look into the case,
but the eyewitness was afraid to _______
the murderer. Meaning?“to make known; to tell the truth”expose* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will_____ you. He will ____ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a
wonderful _____ for the pain.curecurecurecure* Although the boy was beyond _____, his parents tried to ____ him of bad habits.
* The prices are going up every day, but there is no _____ for rising prices.curecurecureThe wound on my arm has healed .
He was healed of his sickness .healcontrolComplete the sentences in the first part
with the words in the second part.
“control” will be used between the
2 parts.1. The Republican Party continued to ___.
2. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to ___.
3. Sarah just cannot ___ .
4. The buttons ____ .BACDPart 1A. the spread of AIDS
B. the House (议院) of the USA
C. her temper
D. the temperature in the building Part 2* the head in control of the country.
He was in control of the car.
* be under the control of…
* get / be out of control; lose controlPhrases of ‘control’soil
sponge
water
students
air
work / job
a big companysound
knowledge
heat
time
an article
a small company
the meaning (of a
remark)
waterabsorb—take in/understandbe absorbed in = concentrate on
eg. He is absorbed in the research of
Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
eg. Chinese history absorbs his
attention recently.Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
严重急性呼吸道症候群
Q: Which of the following definitions is suitable for each sentence?Do you know the full name of SARS?severeA. unpleasant or dangerous weather
B. very strict
C. very bad or serious to worry about
D. extreme criticism or punishment1. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital.
2. I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.
CA3. Come on! Don’t be so severe with the children.
4. His report contains severe criticism of the company’s actions.BD-- What is the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace?
-- It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000.
-- It was a valuable diamond necklace.valuable [谚]井干方知水可贵。
We never know ___ ____ of water ___ __ ___ __ ___.
Q1: What’s the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or verb? What does “valuable” mean?the valuetill the well is dry* value (n.): the amount of money that sth. is worth
* value (vt.): to decide that how much sth. is worth
* valuable (adj.): worth a lot of moneyeg: The Longman Dictionary of
Contemporary English is of great value to
you.
His research has been of no / little
practical value.
I value your friendship very highly.
Q2: What is the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or a verb in the above sentences? value (n.): the importance or
usefulness of something
* value (vt.): to think that something is
important to youQ3: In the text, “The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.” does “valuable” means “worth a lot of money”?
* valuable (adj.): important because there
is only a limited amount
available泵 (油泵; 气泵), 抽水机, 打气筒pumpIf have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.)
When my car was short of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas .pumpWe had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.
His heart was pumping fast.
During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.酒馆
bar旅馆;
小店pub, public house blame sb. / sth. for… : to say or think
that sb. or sth. is responsible for sth.
bad
eg: It’s not fair to blame me. It’s not
my fault.
They blamed the secretary for the
delay of the plan.blame* be to blame: be responsible for sth. bad
eg. The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
* take the blame: to say that sth. is your fault
eg. He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.handle A. 操作; 运用 B. 经销; 买卖 C. 管理 D. 对待 E. 应付 F. 控制; 管handle v.Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the company's accounts.C2. The children are so naughty that I
can't handle them.
3. She handled a difficult argument
skillfully.FE4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you.
5. This shop handles paper and stationery.
6. He learnt how to handle the axe.DBAin addition
also
as well as
besidesused when adding another
fact to what has already been
mentioned In addition to apples you asked for, I
bought you some oranges.In addition2. The two towns are linked
by a railway. 1. A lot of links fitted together form a chain. 3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.link4. 研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。
Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.1. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.
3. The army announced a cease-fire. announce4. It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week.
Meaning?
* to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station5. The announcer announces three programs a week.
* to introduce a program on TV or radio* train approach announcement
* He waited for the announcement
of the result of the competition.
* make an announcement
announcement1. -- Who instructs your class in history?
-- Mr Black. He is our instructor.
2. She instructed me in the use of this telephone.
3. I've been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.(to teach; to order)instructdetailed directions on procedure;
an order; teachinginstruction1. The boss gave me so many instructions at one time that I got muddled up.
2. We forgot to read the instructions. (an instruction book)
3. Under Berry’s instruction, I slowly mastered the art of glass blowing.