情态动词讲解与训练
图片预览
文档简介
情态动词
情态动词一般用法，大家都比较熟悉，但是，到了高中阶段，它的用法外延的比较多，很难理解和掌握。这里，就其考点列举如下：
情态动词的现在完成式的用法
情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must/mustn’t;can/cann’t;need/needn’t;may/mayn’t;might/mightn’t;should/shouldn’t; oughtn’t等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的
表示已经发生的情况。
must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“（昨天）一定……如：
My pain____apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:” Are you feeling all right ”(c)
A must be B had been C must have been D had to be
can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”,如： Mary____my letter; otherwise she would have replied before (A)
A couldn’t have received B ought to have received
C has received D shouldn’t have received
may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如： At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.
2．表示虚拟语气。
1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如： As it turned out to be a small house party, we____so formally. (D)
A needn’t dress up B did not need have dressed up
C did not need dress up D needn’t have dressed up
2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如： I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully. （我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。）
3) ought to have +过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。如： You ought to have told him that the paint on that seat was wet..
4) could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。这点与ought/should/ have +过去分词用法相似。如：What you said is right, but you could have done it better.
5) may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“（那样）也许会……”。如：
You may have noticed something while you were doing this task.
3.几个情态动词常考的句型：
1)may/might (just) as well “不妨，最好”，与had better相近,意为“最好，还是，不妨”。
You may as well repeat the experiment.
2) cannot / can’t…too …“越……越好，怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over….如：
You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.驾车时候，越小心越好。
3) usedn’t 或did’t use to 为used to (do) 的否定式。 Tom used not to rise at six every morning.
4）should 除了“应该”一层意思外，考研大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如：
I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that. 我无法想象他竟然这样做。
情态动词被动关系的主动表达法
1． want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动意义。
Your hair wants cutting
The work is worth reading
The floor requires washing.
2．need既可以用need to be done 也可以使用need doing ，两种形式都表达被动的意义
The house needs painting= the house needs to be painted.
The watch needed repairing= the watch needed to be repaired.
补充：
had better, should, ought to是重要的情态动词，也是高考重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点：
一、了解相互间关系
had better(最好), should(应该)与ought to（应该）均为提建议、阐述观点的情态动词，其后接动词原形。should 比had better语气强，ought to语气最强。一般情况下should与ought to可通用。
例1：You had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。
例2：You ought to / should work hard.你应该努力工作。
值得注意的是：should还有"竟然"之意，表出乎意料。
例：You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 你真是难以想象这么一个有风度的先生对一个女子是如此之粗鲁。
二、 掌握句型变换方法
had better, should, ought to作为情态动词，各种句型变换均在自身形式上作变化。
（一）否定句
had better, should, ought to用于否定句时，否定词均位于其后，具体形式为：had better not do, shouldn't / should not do, oughtn't to do。
例1：You had better not start at this time. 此时你最好别出发。
例2：He shouldn't be careless in class. 他上课时不应粗心。
例3：She oughtn't to waste time. 她不应该浪费时间。
（二）一般疑问句
had better, should, ought to用于一般疑问句时，分别将had, should, ought提至句首。
例1：Had he better start early at once 他最好立即出发吗？
例2：Should you do like this 你应该这么做吗？
例3：Ought he to go there 他应该去那里吗？
（三）反意疑问句
陈述句谓语动词含had better, should, ought to时，反意疑问句为：had, should与ought+主格人称代词或hadn't, shouldn't, oughtn't+主格人称代词。
例1：You had better not go home, had you 你最好别回家，是吗？
例2：You should study hard,
shouldn't you 你应该认真学习，是吗？
例3：He oughtn't to speak in class, ought he 你上课不应该讲话，是吗？
三、 掌握其完成式用法
had better没有完成式，should与ought to完成式意义与用法完全相同。
（一）should/ought to have done 意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感彩。
例：There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You ________ come, but why didn't you
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
析：答案D。 该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。
（二）should / oughtn't to have done，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感彩。
例：I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
析：答案B。 该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldn't have left。
情态动词must, can, could, may, might
表推测的用法：
情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：
1. must的用法
（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。
He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。
（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can`t,如询问某种可能时，应用can。
He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）
He can`t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）
Can he know my address 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）
（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。
He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。
He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。
He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。
注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I`m sure that he will come tomorrow.
（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
He must be a worker, isn`t he （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？
It must have rained last night, didn`t it （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？
You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？
2. can / could的用法
（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can`t“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。
He can`t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。
（2）can /can`t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。
They can`t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。
He can`t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.
他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。
It`s so late. Where can she have gone 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？
（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can`t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can`t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.
He can`t be a teacher, is he 他不是教师，是吗？
She can`t have finished her homework, has she
她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？
（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。
Don`t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。
The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。
（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。
Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station
Could you help me
（6）couldn`t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。
It couldn`t possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。
注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。
You couldn`t be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。
I couldn`t be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。
3. may和might的用法
（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。
He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.
他可能是个美国人。
注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。
（2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。
He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。
（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。
He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。
The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）
这个男孩可能没在家看电视
These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）
这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。
（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。
I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.
我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。
She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。
练习
06年高考情态动词试题详解
1. ―What’s the name
―Khulaifi. I spell that for you 北京卷
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D .Might
解析：考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见
2. If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. （福建）
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
解析：考查情态动词的本义，表示通常的能力，couldn’t 是最大的干扰项，学生会受前面were所表示虚拟语气句型的影响。
3. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, _______ （福建）
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t D. didn’t she
解析：考查情态动词would rather句型，宾语从句中用过去时，反意问句助动词应与从句中的went保持一致。
4. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ____put forward are turned down.（福建）
A. could B. would C.不填 D. had
解析：该句的they ____ put forward 是定语从句，表明过去的事实：“他们提出的要求”因此不用情态动词。
5. ------ Must he come to sign this paper himself (广东)
------ Yes, he .
A. need B. must C. may D. will
解析：考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见，must 表示“必须”。
6. fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（ 湖北卷）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
解析：考查情态动词的虚拟用法。还原成原来的句型是：If you should be fired---，该句型中用should 或were to be表示与将来的事实相反。例如：
_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must
分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。”答案为A。
该句等于If it should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= Were it to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
7. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ___ be boring, and pilots often ____ work at inconvenient hours. (湖南)
A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must
解析：前面考查情态动词can的推测用法，表示理论上的可能性；后面考查情态动词have to 的本义，表示客观事实的限制。
8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (江西)
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
解析：考查情态动词的虚拟用法，表示对过去事实的责备。
9. As you worked late yesterday, you___ have come this morning.（陕西）
A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
解析：同第8题。
10. ------Is Jack on duty today
--------It _________be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.（四川）
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. needn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示现在状态的“不可能”。
11. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（天津）
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示过去动作的“可能没有”。
12 --- Could I have a word with you, mum （浙江）
--- Oh dear, if you ________.
A. can B. must C. may D. should
解析：考查情态动词的本义，must 表示“如果你必须和我谈的话”。学生可能会受could的影响只注意形式选can, 忽视句子的意思。
13 --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.（江苏）
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
解析：考查情态动词的规劝用法，should 表示“应该”。
14. ------ Will you be able to finish your report today （全国2）
------ .
A. I like it B. I hope so C. I’ll do so D. I’d love it
15. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, （全国2）
A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we
解析：考查情态动词在反意问句中的用法，祈使句后用will you征求对方的意见。
16. We hope that as many people as-possible join us for the picnic tomorrow. （全国2）
A. need B. must C. should D. can
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示将来动作的“理论或事实上的可能性”。
17.There’s no light on----they be at home. （全国1）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示对现在状态的否定推测。
18. ------ May I smoke here （山东）
------ If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
解析：考查情态动词的本义，同第12 题。
十年高考情态动词考点回放
----Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there (04. NMET1. 29)
----No, it ____ be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
2. You ____ be tired— you’ve only been worked for an hour. (04. NMET2. 29)
A. must not B. won’t C. can’t D. may not
3. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ____ report it to the police (04. NMET3. 21)
A. should B. may C. will D. can
4. ----Tom graduated from college at a very young age. (04. NMET4. 22)
----Oh, he ____ have been a very smart boy then.
A. could B. should C. might D. must
5. ----I don’t mind telling you what I know. (04. 江苏 . 22)
----You ____. I’m not asking you for it.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
6. ----Who is the girl standing over there (04. 天津. 31)
---- Well, if you ____ know, her name is Mabel.
A. may B. can C. must D. shall
7. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. (04. 浙江. 26)
A. should B. might C. would D. could
8. ----Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
----You ____ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. (04. 湖南. 28)
A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
9. ----I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. (04. 福建. 32)
-----You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. would have told
C. must tell D. should have told
10. ----Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
----Sorry, I am not sure. But it ____ be. (04. 湖北. 26)
A. might B. will C. must D. can
11. Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (04. 上海. 28)
A. must B. may C. can D. need
12. “The interest ____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. (04. 重庆. 24)
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
13. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____ not like the design of the furniture.(o4,上海春招，29)
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
14. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (03. NMET. 28)
A. should B. can C. must D. will
15. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article (03. 上海. 29)
A. can B. must C. need D. may
16. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter ____ go and do the opposite. (03. 春招.)
A. may B. can C. must D. should
17．----The room is so dirty. _____ we clean it
----Of course.( 03. 北京春招,21)
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
18．My English-Chinese dictionary has been disappeared. Who ____ have taken it (03. 上海春招. 24)
A. should B. must C. could D. would
19. ----Is John coming by train
----He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car. (02. NMET. 25)
A. must B. can C. need D. may
20. ----I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
----It ____ true because there was little snow there. (02. NMET.北京 31)
A. may not be B. won’t C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t
21. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all papers have been collected.(02, 上海, 27)
A. can B. will C. may D. shall
22. ----I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____ I have a look
----Yes, certainly. (02. NMET.春季北京 29)
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. should
23. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried chicken just now. (02. 春季上海28)
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
24. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word. (01. NMET. 33)
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
25. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady. (01, 上海, 34)
A. might B. need C. should D. would
26. ----Write to me when you get home.
---- . (01. NMET.春季北京 6 )
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
27. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How it be that he was late for the opening ceremony (01. NMET.春季上海 27)
A. can B. should C. may D. must
28. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he your lecture. (00, 上海, 23)
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
29. Sorry, I’m late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. (00. NMET.春季北京 20 )
A. might B. should C. can D. will
30. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You come, but why didn’t you (99, 上海, 14)
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
31. ----When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
----They be ready by 12:00. (98. NMET. 13)
A. can B. should C. might D. need
32. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out. (97. NMET. 24)
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
33. When he was there, he go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. (96. 上海. 12)
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
34. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack be here at any moment. (95. NMET. 30)
A. must B. need C. should D. can
35. ----____ she use the computer in the office
----Yes, please.
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Will
36. Everything has two sides. Beautiful song, sometimes ____ be just noise to others.
A. must B. may C. should D. could
37. Why didn’t you tell me yesterday that you could lend me some money I ____ money from the bank.
A. needn’t borrow B. can’t have borrowed
C. needn’t have borrowed D. may not have borrowed
38. The director insisted the plan ____ reasonable and we _____.
A. was; carry it out B. were; carried it out
C. was; carried it out D. be; carry it out
39. ----I saw Mr. Smith at West Beijing Station this morning.
----You ____. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.
A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
40. Someone ____ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.
A. was using B. must have used
C. has used D. has been using
1. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ______ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
2. He said he would rather not _____ it right now.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing
3. You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come
C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come
4. —May I pick a flower in the garden
— _____.
A. No, you needn’t B. Not, please
C. No, you mustn’t D. No, you won’t
5. You’d better ______ late next time.
A. don’t B. not be C. not being D. won’t be
6. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
7. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A. can B. could C. would D. must
8. I thought you ___ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. could D. must
9. There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried
10. The plant is dead. I ___ it more water.
A. will give B. would have given
C. must give D. should have given
11. It’s freezing outside. You _____ put on your overcoat.
A. had better to B. had better
C. would better D. would better to
12. You ______ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
13. Where is my pen I_____ it.
A. might lose B. would have lost
C. should have lost D. must have lost
14. I didn’t hear the phone. I______ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have been
15. He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might give
C. may have given D. may give
16. A computer _____ think for itself; it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
17. —Could I borrow your dictionary
—Yes, of course you ___.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
18. —Shall we go skating or stay at home
—Which _____ do yourself
A. do you rather B. would you rather
C. will you rather D. should you rather
19. Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
20. Peter ___ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
21. —Shall I tell John about it
—No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
22. —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
— _____.
A. I don’t B. I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
23. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
—It ___ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
24. When he was there, he _____ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
25. Johnny, you ___ play with the knife, you ___ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may
C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
26. Your brother’s failed again. You ___ him more help in English.
A. must have given B. ought have given
C. ought to have given D. ought give
27. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
28. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done.
A. not to be punished B. to not be punished
C. to not punished D. not be punished
29. That young man has made so much noise that he ___ not have been allowed to attend the concert.
A. could B. must C. would D. should
30. He said he ______ get tired when he played table tennis.
A. didn’t use to B. didn’t used to
C. usedn’t D. usen’t
31. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must _____ always _____ so much.
A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked
C. not; to smoke D. be not; smoking
32. Michael _____ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
33. Susan _____ written a report like this.
A. can have B. mustn’t have C. can’t have D. ought to not have
34. I wonder how he _____ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say
35. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
36. Sir, you _____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.
A. oughtn’t to B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t
37. —Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there
—No, it ____ be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
38. You ____ be tired— you’ve only been worked for an hour.
A. must not B. won’t C. can’t D. may not
39. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You come, but why didn’t you
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
40. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ____ report it to the police
A. should B. may C. will D. can
41. Sorry, I’m late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might B. should C. can D. will
42. —I don’t mind telling you what I know.
—You ____. I’m not asking you for it.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
43. —Who is the girl standing over there
—Well, if you ____ know, her name is Mabel.
A. may B. can C. must D. shall
44. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.
A. should B. might C. would D. could
45. —Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
—You ____ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
46. —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. would have told
C. must tell D. should have told
47. —Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
—Sorry, I am not sure. But it ____ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
48. Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in a public library.
A. must B. may C. can D. need
49. “The interest ____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
50. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____ not like the design of the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
51. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can C. must D. will
52. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article
A. can B. must C. need D. may
53. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter ____ go and do the opposite.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
54. —The room is so dirty. _____ we clean it
—Of course.
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
55. My English-Chinese dictionary has been disappeared. Who ____ have taken it
A. should B. must C. could D. would
56. —Is John coming by train
—He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
57. —I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
—It ____ true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be B. won’t C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t
58. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all papers have been collected.
A. can B. will C. may D. shall
59. —I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____ I have a look
—Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. should
60. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
答案与解析：
1. C。should 表示推断时，意为“应该，很可能”，语气较肯定，暗示合乎常理，指非常可能的事。nearly 暗示“时间不早了”，Jack 按理应当(should)随时(at any moment)都有可能到达这里。must 语气过强；can 一般不用于肯定推测；need 意义不通，也不用于肯定句。
2. C。would rather (not)后接动词原形，意为“宁愿(不)做……”。
3. D。needn’t do 意为“没必要做……”。句意为：“如果你有很重要的事情要做，今天下午你没必要来参加会议了。”
4. C。回答以 may 提出的请求，作肯定回答时，用 can；作否定回答时，用 mustn’t 或can’t。
5. B。had better (not) do 意为“最好(不)做……”。
6. C。“ought to / should have+过去分词”表示后悔当初该做某事却没有做。句意为：“我告诉 Sally 怎么去那儿，但也许我本该把详细地址写给她的。”
7. D。must 表示非常肯定的猜测。句意为：“穿多点，只穿一件衬衣你会感冒的。”
8. B。might 意为“可能”，不是很有把握，其余三项不符合题意。句意为：“我以为你想读点东西，所以我带了一些书给你。”
9. D。needn’t have done 意为“没必要做某事”。句意为：“还有足够的时间，她没必要匆忙。”
10. D。should have done 意为“本应该做某事却没有做”。句意为：“那棵植物死了，我本应该多浇点水的。”
11. B。had better do 意为“最好做……”。
12. C。根据句意“如果你愿意，你可以保留到下个星期”，知“你现在不需要还书”，所以用 needn’t。
13. D。must have done 意为“一定做了……”，是对过去发生的事情进行肯定推测。“我”在找笔，一定是“我”在过去把它弄丢了。
14. B。must have done 意为“一定做了……”，是对过去发生的事情进行肯定推测。句意为：“我没听到电话铃，我一定是睡着了。”
15. A。might have done 意为“有可能做……”，是对过去有可能发生的事进行推测。句意为：“尽管他很忙，他也有可能给你更多的帮助。”
16. A。can’t 意为“不能”。句意为：“计算机不能自主思考。必须要人下指令做事。”
17. C。表示自己允许别人做某事时，要用 can 或 may。本题中 could 不是过去式，而是表示委婉语气，所以只能选 C。
18. B。本题考查的是would rather 的一般疑问句形式。句意为：“我们去滑冰还是呆在家里？”“你想做什么呢？”
19. A。ought not to have done 表示“本不应该发生的事已经发生了”。句意为：“Tom 本不应该告诉我你的秘密，但他没有恶意。”
20. B。由后面 but he isn’t very sure yet 可知，是对Peter 晚上来不来的没有把握的猜测。
21. A。由 I’ve told him already(我已经告诉他了)可知，你“没有必要”再告诉他这件事了。
22. B。上句提醒的是明天的事情，所以下句要用一般将来时。I won’t 实际上是 I won’t forget to go to your birthday party tomorrow. 的省略。
23. D。“couldn’t have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。
24. A。would 可以表示过去的习惯或意愿。句意为：“那时当他在那儿的时候，他每天下班后他都会去那个咖啡店。”
25. B。mustn’t(不许、千万不)表示禁止。may 表示可能性。句意为：“你千万不要玩刀子，可能会弄伤自己的”。
26. C。根据题意“你弟弟英语考试又不及格”，知你“本应该”多帮他学英语。must have done 表示对过去的事情进行肯定推测；ought to have done 表示“本应该做某事而没有做”。
27. D。根据题意“我今天早上在会议室没有看见她”，知她“不可能”在会议上发言了。couldn’t have done 意为“不可能做过某事”。
28. A。ought to 的否定形式直接在 to 前加 not，又依题意，须用被动语态，所以选 A。
29. D。根据题意“这个小伙子弄出那么多响声”，知“本不应该”让他参加这个音乐会的。shouldn’t have done 意为“本不应该做某事却做了”。
30. A。used to 意为“过去常常……”，其否定形式有两种：didn’t use to 或 usedn’t to。
31. 根据题意“如果你真的想保持健康的话”，你“本不应该”抽那么多的烟。mustn’t have done 表示“本不应该做的事情却做了”。
32. B。根据题意“他太矮了”，所以他“不可能”是警察。needn’t 意为“不需要，不必要”； can’t 意为“不可能”，表示对现在发生的事进行有把握的否定推测；should 表推测时，意为“应该”，语气较强；may 意为“有可能”。
33. C。mustn’t have done 表示“本不应该做的事情却做了”；can’t have done 表示对过去发生的事进行否定推测，意为“不可能”。句意为：“Susan 不可能写出这样的报告。”
34. A。dare既可以作情态动词，又可以作实意动词。用作情态动词时，意为“敢”，后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及 if 与 whether 之后，一般不用于肯定句。用作实意动词时，意为“敢于”，后要接不定式符号 to，有时也可省略。
35. C。be able to 表示“具体某次通过努力能够做成某事”。could 是 can 的过去式，表示客观的能力。
36. 根据题意“这是给妇女和儿童专用的候车室”，知“你不应该坐在这儿”。oughtn’t to 意为“不应该”。
37. A。根据后文的“我肯定他没有戴眼镜”，知“那不可能是他”。can’t 表示有把握的否定猜测。
38. C。根据后文的“你才工作了一个小时”可知，此题选表示否定推测的can’t最恰当。
39. D。ought to have done 表示“本应该做的事却没有做”。句意为：“昨晚的聚会真的很好玩。你本应该参加的，但是你为什么没参加呢？”
40. A。should 在此表“应该”。句意为：“我经常看到那见空房子里有灯光。你认为我是否应该向警察报告？”
41. A。might have done 表示对过去发生的事进行不太有把握的肯定推测，意为“有可能”，其余三项都不符合题意。句意为：“对不起，我迟到了。我有可能把闹钟关掉，继续睡了。”
42. D。根据题意“我并没要你讲”，知needn’t(不必)符合题意。
43. C。must在此表示坚持，其意为“一定要，非得要”。
44. A。should 表猜测时，意为“很有可能、应该”，可能性较大。其余三项不符合题中的时态要求。
45. A。shall与第二、三人称连用时，表示说话人的意图、命令、恫吓、决心等。句意为：“如果你不爱护好，你就不能用。”
46. D。should have done 表示“本应该做的事却没有做”。句意为：“明天我将告诉 Mary 关于她的新工作的事。”“你本应该上个星期就说的。”
47. A。根据前文的I am not sure可知，后文应用推测语气较弱的might。
48. A。must 意为“必须”；may 意为“可能，可以”；can 意为“可以”；need 意为“需要”。比较四个选项，只有 A 最符合题意。句意为：“在那个国家，12 岁以下的孩子去公共图书馆的时候必须有大人的看管。
49. D。shall 表示规定。句意为：“根据双方签定的协议，利益应被分为五部分。”
50. C。might just as well 意为“不妨、还是……为好”。比较四个选项，只有 C 符合题意。句意为：“你不妨告诉制造商，男性顾客有可能不喜欢这件家具的样式。”
51. B。can 表示“可以”。should(应该), must(必须), will(愿意)均不符合语境。
52. A。can 在疑问句中，表示疑惑、怀疑，根据情况可译作“能、可以”等。
53. C。由Naturally(很自然地)知，“我的女儿和我唱反调”的可能性比较大。比较四个选项，只有C最符合题意。
54. B。shall 表示征求意见。
55. C。could have done 表示对过去发生的事进行推测，意为“有可能”，其他三项都不符合题意。
56. D。由“他自己喜欢开车”这一习惯推断，“他可能不会(may not)坐火车来”。can not意为“不可能”，语气太肯定。
57. C。由 because there was little snow there可知，他们“不可能”去山上滑雪。couldn’t 用于对过去发生的事情进行有把握的否定推测。
58. D。shall 表规定。在规章中告诫应考者，在收完所有试卷前“必须”留在教室里。
59. B。由答句“当然可以”知问句是在请求允许。may 表示请求对方允许，意为“我可以做……吗？”
60. C。根据句意“我现在胃不舒服”，知我刚才“不应该”吃那么多炸鸡。shouldn’t have done 表示“本不应该做的事却做了”。
情态动词一般用法，大家都比较熟悉，但是，到了高中阶段，它的用法外延的比较多，很难理解和掌握。这里，就其考点列举如下：
情态动词的现在完成式的用法
情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must/mustn’t;can/cann’t;need/needn’t;may/mayn’t;might/mightn’t;should/shouldn’t; oughtn’t等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的
表示已经发生的情况。
must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“（昨天）一定……如：
My pain____apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:” Are you feeling all right ”(c)
A must be B had been C must have been D had to be
can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”,如： Mary____my letter; otherwise she would have replied before (A)
A couldn’t have received B ought to have received
C has received D shouldn’t have received
may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如： At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.
2．表示虚拟语气。
1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如： As it turned out to be a small house party, we____so formally. (D)
A needn’t dress up B did not need have dressed up
C did not need dress up D needn’t have dressed up
2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如： I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully. （我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。）
3) ought to have +过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。如： You ought to have told him that the paint on that seat was wet..
4) could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。这点与ought/should/ have +过去分词用法相似。如：What you said is right, but you could have done it better.
5) may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“（那样）也许会……”。如：
You may have noticed something while you were doing this task.
3.几个情态动词常考的句型：
1)may/might (just) as well “不妨，最好”，与had better相近,意为“最好，还是，不妨”。
You may as well repeat the experiment.
2) cannot / can’t…too …“越……越好，怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over….如：
You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.驾车时候，越小心越好。
3) usedn’t 或did’t use to 为used to (do) 的否定式。 Tom used not to rise at six every morning.
4）should 除了“应该”一层意思外，考研大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如：
I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that. 我无法想象他竟然这样做。
情态动词被动关系的主动表达法
1． want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动意义。
Your hair wants cutting
The work is worth reading
The floor requires washing.
2．need既可以用need to be done 也可以使用need doing ，两种形式都表达被动的意义
The house needs painting= the house needs to be painted.
The watch needed repairing= the watch needed to be repaired.
补充：
had better, should, ought to是重要的情态动词，也是高考重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点：
一、了解相互间关系
had better(最好), should(应该)与ought to（应该）均为提建议、阐述观点的情态动词，其后接动词原形。should 比had better语气强，ought to语气最强。一般情况下should与ought to可通用。
例1：You had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。
例2：You ought to / should work hard.你应该努力工作。
值得注意的是：should还有"竟然"之意，表出乎意料。
例：You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 你真是难以想象这么一个有风度的先生对一个女子是如此之粗鲁。
二、 掌握句型变换方法
had better, should, ought to作为情态动词，各种句型变换均在自身形式上作变化。
（一）否定句
had better, should, ought to用于否定句时，否定词均位于其后，具体形式为：had better not do, shouldn't / should not do, oughtn't to do。
例1：You had better not start at this time. 此时你最好别出发。
例2：He shouldn't be careless in class. 他上课时不应粗心。
例3：She oughtn't to waste time. 她不应该浪费时间。
（二）一般疑问句
had better, should, ought to用于一般疑问句时，分别将had, should, ought提至句首。
例1：Had he better start early at once 他最好立即出发吗？
例2：Should you do like this 你应该这么做吗？
例3：Ought he to go there 他应该去那里吗？
（三）反意疑问句
陈述句谓语动词含had better, should, ought to时，反意疑问句为：had, should与ought+主格人称代词或hadn't, shouldn't, oughtn't+主格人称代词。
例1：You had better not go home, had you 你最好别回家，是吗？
例2：You should study hard,
shouldn't you 你应该认真学习，是吗？
例3：He oughtn't to speak in class, ought he 你上课不应该讲话，是吗？
三、 掌握其完成式用法
had better没有完成式，should与ought to完成式意义与用法完全相同。
（一）should/ought to have done 意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感彩。
例：There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You ________ come, but why didn't you
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
析：答案D。 该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。
（二）should / oughtn't to have done，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感彩。
例：I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
析：答案B。 该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldn't have left。
情态动词must, can, could, may, might
表推测的用法：
情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：
1. must的用法
（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。
He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。
（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用can`t,如询问某种可能时，应用can。
He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）
He can`t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）
Can he know my address 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）
（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。
He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。
He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。
He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。
注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I`m sure that he will come tomorrow.
（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
He must be a worker, isn`t he （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？
It must have rained last night, didn`t it （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？
You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？
2. can / could的用法
（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Can`t“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。
He can`t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。
（2）can /can`t后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。
They can`t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。
He can`t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.
他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。
It`s so late. Where can she have gone 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？
（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can`t时，疑问部分的助动词应与can`t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.
He can`t be a teacher, is he 他不是教师，是吗？
She can`t have finished her homework, has she
她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？
（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。
Don`t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。
The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。
（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。
Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station
Could you help me
（6）couldn`t表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。
It couldn`t possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。
注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。
You couldn`t be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。
I couldn`t be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。
3. may和might的用法
（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。
He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.
他可能是个美国人。
注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。
（2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。
He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。
（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。
He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。
The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）
这个男孩可能没在家看电视
These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）
这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。
（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。
I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.
我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。
She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。
练习
06年高考情态动词试题详解
1. ―What’s the name
―Khulaifi. I spell that for you 北京卷
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D .Might
解析：考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见
2. If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. （福建）
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
解析：考查情态动词的本义，表示通常的能力，couldn’t 是最大的干扰项，学生会受前面were所表示虚拟语气句型的影响。
3. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, _______ （福建）
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t D. didn’t she
解析：考查情态动词would rather句型，宾语从句中用过去时，反意问句助动词应与从句中的went保持一致。
4. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ____put forward are turned down.（福建）
A. could B. would C.不填 D. had
解析：该句的they ____ put forward 是定语从句，表明过去的事实：“他们提出的要求”因此不用情态动词。
5. ------ Must he come to sign this paper himself (广东)
------ Yes, he .
A. need B. must C. may D. will
解析：考查情态动词的本义，征求对方的意见，must 表示“必须”。
6. fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（ 湖北卷）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
解析：考查情态动词的虚拟用法。还原成原来的句型是：If you should be fired---，该句型中用should 或were to be表示与将来的事实相反。例如：
_____it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must
分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。”答案为A。
该句等于If it should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
= Were it to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
7. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ___ be boring, and pilots often ____ work at inconvenient hours. (湖南)
A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must
解析：前面考查情态动词can的推测用法，表示理论上的可能性；后面考查情态动词have to 的本义，表示客观事实的限制。
8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (江西)
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
解析：考查情态动词的虚拟用法，表示对过去事实的责备。
9. As you worked late yesterday, you___ have come this morning.（陕西）
A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
解析：同第8题。
10. ------Is Jack on duty today
--------It _________be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.（四川）
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. needn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示现在状态的“不可能”。
11. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（天津）
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示过去动作的“可能没有”。
12 --- Could I have a word with you, mum （浙江）
--- Oh dear, if you ________.
A. can B. must C. may D. should
解析：考查情态动词的本义，must 表示“如果你必须和我谈的话”。学生可能会受could的影响只注意形式选can, 忽视句子的意思。
13 --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.（江苏）
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
解析：考查情态动词的规劝用法，should 表示“应该”。
14. ------ Will you be able to finish your report today （全国2）
------ .
A. I like it B. I hope so C. I’ll do so D. I’d love it
15. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, （全国2）
A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we
解析：考查情态动词在反意问句中的用法，祈使句后用will you征求对方的意见。
16. We hope that as many people as-possible join us for the picnic tomorrow. （全国2）
A. need B. must C. should D. can
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示将来动作的“理论或事实上的可能性”。
17.There’s no light on----they be at home. （全国1）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
解析：考查情态动词的推测用法，表示对现在状态的否定推测。
18. ------ May I smoke here （山东）
------ If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
解析：考查情态动词的本义，同第12 题。
十年高考情态动词考点回放
----Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there (04. NMET1. 29)
----No, it ____ be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
2. You ____ be tired— you’ve only been worked for an hour. (04. NMET2. 29)
A. must not B. won’t C. can’t D. may not
3. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ____ report it to the police (04. NMET3. 21)
A. should B. may C. will D. can
4. ----Tom graduated from college at a very young age. (04. NMET4. 22)
----Oh, he ____ have been a very smart boy then.
A. could B. should C. might D. must
5. ----I don’t mind telling you what I know. (04. 江苏 . 22)
----You ____. I’m not asking you for it.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
6. ----Who is the girl standing over there (04. 天津. 31)
---- Well, if you ____ know, her name is Mabel.
A. may B. can C. must D. shall
7. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. (04. 浙江. 26)
A. should B. might C. would D. could
8. ----Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
----You ____ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. (04. 湖南. 28)
A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
9. ----I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. (04. 福建. 32)
-----You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. would have told
C. must tell D. should have told
10. ----Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
----Sorry, I am not sure. But it ____ be. (04. 湖北. 26)
A. might B. will C. must D. can
11. Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (04. 上海. 28)
A. must B. may C. can D. need
12. “The interest ____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. (04. 重庆. 24)
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
13. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____ not like the design of the furniture.(o4,上海春招，29)
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
14. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. (03. NMET. 28)
A. should B. can C. must D. will
15. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article (03. 上海. 29)
A. can B. must C. need D. may
16. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter ____ go and do the opposite. (03. 春招.)
A. may B. can C. must D. should
17．----The room is so dirty. _____ we clean it
----Of course.( 03. 北京春招,21)
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
18．My English-Chinese dictionary has been disappeared. Who ____ have taken it (03. 上海春招. 24)
A. should B. must C. could D. would
19. ----Is John coming by train
----He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car. (02. NMET. 25)
A. must B. can C. need D. may
20. ----I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
----It ____ true because there was little snow there. (02. NMET.北京 31)
A. may not be B. won’t C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t
21. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all papers have been collected.(02, 上海, 27)
A. can B. will C. may D. shall
22. ----I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____ I have a look
----Yes, certainly. (02. NMET.春季北京 29)
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. should
23. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried chicken just now. (02. 春季上海28)
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
24. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word. (01. NMET. 33)
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
25. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady. (01, 上海, 34)
A. might B. need C. should D. would
26. ----Write to me when you get home.
---- . (01. NMET.春季北京 6 )
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
27. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How it be that he was late for the opening ceremony (01. NMET.春季上海 27)
A. can B. should C. may D. must
28. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he your lecture. (00, 上海, 23)
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
29. Sorry, I’m late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. (00. NMET.春季北京 20 )
A. might B. should C. can D. will
30. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You come, but why didn’t you (99, 上海, 14)
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
31. ----When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
----They be ready by 12:00. (98. NMET. 13)
A. can B. should C. might D. need
32. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out. (97. NMET. 24)
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
33. When he was there, he go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. (96. 上海. 12)
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
34. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack be here at any moment. (95. NMET. 30)
A. must B. need C. should D. can
35. ----____ she use the computer in the office
----Yes, please.
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Will
36. Everything has two sides. Beautiful song, sometimes ____ be just noise to others.
A. must B. may C. should D. could
37. Why didn’t you tell me yesterday that you could lend me some money I ____ money from the bank.
A. needn’t borrow B. can’t have borrowed
C. needn’t have borrowed D. may not have borrowed
38. The director insisted the plan ____ reasonable and we _____.
A. was; carry it out B. were; carried it out
C. was; carried it out D. be; carry it out
39. ----I saw Mr. Smith at West Beijing Station this morning.
----You ____. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.
A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
40. Someone ____ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.
A. was using B. must have used
C. has used D. has been using
1. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ______ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
2. He said he would rather not _____ it right now.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing
3. You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come
C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come
4. —May I pick a flower in the garden
— _____.
A. No, you needn’t B. Not, please
C. No, you mustn’t D. No, you won’t
5. You’d better ______ late next time.
A. don’t B. not be C. not being D. won’t be
6. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
7. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A. can B. could C. would D. must
8. I thought you ___ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. could D. must
9. There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn’t have hurried B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry D. needn’t have hurried
10. The plant is dead. I ___ it more water.
A. will give B. would have given
C. must give D. should have given
11. It’s freezing outside. You _____ put on your overcoat.
A. had better to B. had better
C. would better D. would better to
12. You ______ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
13. Where is my pen I_____ it.
A. might lose B. would have lost
C. should have lost D. must have lost
14. I didn’t hear the phone. I______ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have been
15. He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might give
C. may have given D. may give
16. A computer _____ think for itself; it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
17. —Could I borrow your dictionary
—Yes, of course you ___.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
18. —Shall we go skating or stay at home
—Which _____ do yourself
A. do you rather B. would you rather
C. will you rather D. should you rather
19. Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
20. Peter ___ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
21. —Shall I tell John about it
—No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
22. —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
— _____.
A. I don’t B. I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
23. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
—It ___ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
24. When he was there, he _____ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
25. Johnny, you ___ play with the knife, you ___ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may
C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
26. Your brother’s failed again. You ___ him more help in English.
A. must have given B. ought have given
C. ought to have given D. ought give
27. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have spoken B. shouldn’t have spoken
C. needn’t have spoken D. couldn’t have spoken
28. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done.
A. not to be punished B. to not be punished
C. to not punished D. not be punished
29. That young man has made so much noise that he ___ not have been allowed to attend the concert.
A. could B. must C. would D. should
30. He said he ______ get tired when he played table tennis.
A. didn’t use to B. didn’t used to
C. usedn’t D. usen’t
31. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must _____ always _____ so much.
A. not; be smoking B. not; have smoked
C. not; to smoke D. be not; smoking
32. Michael _____ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
33. Susan _____ written a report like this.
A. can have B. mustn’t have C. can’t have D. ought to not have
34. I wonder how he _____ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say
35. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
36. Sir, you _____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.
A. oughtn’t to B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t
37. —Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there
—No, it ____ be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
38. You ____ be tired— you’ve only been worked for an hour.
A. must not B. won’t C. can’t D. may not
39. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You come, but why didn’t you
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
40. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ____ report it to the police
A. should B. may C. will D. can
41. Sorry, I’m late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might B. should C. can D. will
42. —I don’t mind telling you what I know.
—You ____. I’m not asking you for it.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
43. —Who is the girl standing over there
—Well, if you ____ know, her name is Mabel.
A. may B. can C. must D. shall
44. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.
A. should B. might C. would D. could
45. —Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
—You ____ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
46. —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. would have told
C. must tell D. should have told
47. —Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
—Sorry, I am not sure. But it ____ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
48. Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in a public library.
A. must B. may C. can D. need
49. “The interest ____ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
50. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____ not like the design of the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
51. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can C. must D. will
52. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article
A. can B. must C. need D. may
53. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter ____ go and do the opposite.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
54. —The room is so dirty. _____ we clean it
—Of course.
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do
55. My English-Chinese dictionary has been disappeared. Who ____ have taken it
A. should B. must C. could D. would
56. —Is John coming by train
—He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
57. —I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
—It ____ true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be B. won’t C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t
58. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all papers have been collected.
A. can B. will C. may D. shall
59. —I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____ I have a look
—Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. should
60. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
答案与解析：
1. C。should 表示推断时，意为“应该，很可能”，语气较肯定，暗示合乎常理，指非常可能的事。nearly 暗示“时间不早了”，Jack 按理应当(should)随时(at any moment)都有可能到达这里。must 语气过强；can 一般不用于肯定推测；need 意义不通，也不用于肯定句。
2. C。would rather (not)后接动词原形，意为“宁愿(不)做……”。
3. D。needn’t do 意为“没必要做……”。句意为：“如果你有很重要的事情要做，今天下午你没必要来参加会议了。”
4. C。回答以 may 提出的请求，作肯定回答时，用 can；作否定回答时，用 mustn’t 或can’t。
5. B。had better (not) do 意为“最好(不)做……”。
6. C。“ought to / should have+过去分词”表示后悔当初该做某事却没有做。句意为：“我告诉 Sally 怎么去那儿，但也许我本该把详细地址写给她的。”
7. D。must 表示非常肯定的猜测。句意为：“穿多点，只穿一件衬衣你会感冒的。”
8. B。might 意为“可能”，不是很有把握，其余三项不符合题意。句意为：“我以为你想读点东西，所以我带了一些书给你。”
9. D。needn’t have done 意为“没必要做某事”。句意为：“还有足够的时间，她没必要匆忙。”
10. D。should have done 意为“本应该做某事却没有做”。句意为：“那棵植物死了，我本应该多浇点水的。”
11. B。had better do 意为“最好做……”。
12. C。根据句意“如果你愿意，你可以保留到下个星期”，知“你现在不需要还书”，所以用 needn’t。
13. D。must have done 意为“一定做了……”，是对过去发生的事情进行肯定推测。“我”在找笔，一定是“我”在过去把它弄丢了。
14. B。must have done 意为“一定做了……”，是对过去发生的事情进行肯定推测。句意为：“我没听到电话铃，我一定是睡着了。”
15. A。might have done 意为“有可能做……”，是对过去有可能发生的事进行推测。句意为：“尽管他很忙，他也有可能给你更多的帮助。”
16. A。can’t 意为“不能”。句意为：“计算机不能自主思考。必须要人下指令做事。”
17. C。表示自己允许别人做某事时，要用 can 或 may。本题中 could 不是过去式，而是表示委婉语气，所以只能选 C。
18. B。本题考查的是would rather 的一般疑问句形式。句意为：“我们去滑冰还是呆在家里？”“你想做什么呢？”
19. A。ought not to have done 表示“本不应该发生的事已经发生了”。句意为：“Tom 本不应该告诉我你的秘密，但他没有恶意。”
20. B。由后面 but he isn’t very sure yet 可知，是对Peter 晚上来不来的没有把握的猜测。
21. A。由 I’ve told him already(我已经告诉他了)可知，你“没有必要”再告诉他这件事了。
22. B。上句提醒的是明天的事情，所以下句要用一般将来时。I won’t 实际上是 I won’t forget to go to your birthday party tomorrow. 的省略。
23. D。“couldn’t have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。
24. A。would 可以表示过去的习惯或意愿。句意为：“那时当他在那儿的时候，他每天下班后他都会去那个咖啡店。”
25. B。mustn’t(不许、千万不)表示禁止。may 表示可能性。句意为：“你千万不要玩刀子，可能会弄伤自己的”。
26. C。根据题意“你弟弟英语考试又不及格”，知你“本应该”多帮他学英语。must have done 表示对过去的事情进行肯定推测；ought to have done 表示“本应该做某事而没有做”。
27. D。根据题意“我今天早上在会议室没有看见她”，知她“不可能”在会议上发言了。couldn’t have done 意为“不可能做过某事”。
28. A。ought to 的否定形式直接在 to 前加 not，又依题意，须用被动语态，所以选 A。
29. D。根据题意“这个小伙子弄出那么多响声”，知“本不应该”让他参加这个音乐会的。shouldn’t have done 意为“本不应该做某事却做了”。
30. A。used to 意为“过去常常……”，其否定形式有两种：didn’t use to 或 usedn’t to。
31. 根据题意“如果你真的想保持健康的话”，你“本不应该”抽那么多的烟。mustn’t have done 表示“本不应该做的事情却做了”。
32. B。根据题意“他太矮了”，所以他“不可能”是警察。needn’t 意为“不需要，不必要”； can’t 意为“不可能”，表示对现在发生的事进行有把握的否定推测；should 表推测时，意为“应该”，语气较强；may 意为“有可能”。
33. C。mustn’t have done 表示“本不应该做的事情却做了”；can’t have done 表示对过去发生的事进行否定推测，意为“不可能”。句意为：“Susan 不可能写出这样的报告。”
34. A。dare既可以作情态动词，又可以作实意动词。用作情态动词时，意为“敢”，后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及 if 与 whether 之后，一般不用于肯定句。用作实意动词时，意为“敢于”，后要接不定式符号 to，有时也可省略。
35. C。be able to 表示“具体某次通过努力能够做成某事”。could 是 can 的过去式，表示客观的能力。
36. 根据题意“这是给妇女和儿童专用的候车室”，知“你不应该坐在这儿”。oughtn’t to 意为“不应该”。
37. A。根据后文的“我肯定他没有戴眼镜”，知“那不可能是他”。can’t 表示有把握的否定猜测。
38. C。根据后文的“你才工作了一个小时”可知，此题选表示否定推测的can’t最恰当。
39. D。ought to have done 表示“本应该做的事却没有做”。句意为：“昨晚的聚会真的很好玩。你本应该参加的，但是你为什么没参加呢？”
40. A。should 在此表“应该”。句意为：“我经常看到那见空房子里有灯光。你认为我是否应该向警察报告？”
41. A。might have done 表示对过去发生的事进行不太有把握的肯定推测，意为“有可能”，其余三项都不符合题意。句意为：“对不起，我迟到了。我有可能把闹钟关掉，继续睡了。”
42. D。根据题意“我并没要你讲”，知needn’t(不必)符合题意。
43. C。must在此表示坚持，其意为“一定要，非得要”。
44. A。should 表猜测时，意为“很有可能、应该”，可能性较大。其余三项不符合题中的时态要求。
45. A。shall与第二、三人称连用时，表示说话人的意图、命令、恫吓、决心等。句意为：“如果你不爱护好，你就不能用。”
46. D。should have done 表示“本应该做的事却没有做”。句意为：“明天我将告诉 Mary 关于她的新工作的事。”“你本应该上个星期就说的。”
47. A。根据前文的I am not sure可知，后文应用推测语气较弱的might。
48. A。must 意为“必须”；may 意为“可能，可以”；can 意为“可以”；need 意为“需要”。比较四个选项，只有 A 最符合题意。句意为：“在那个国家，12 岁以下的孩子去公共图书馆的时候必须有大人的看管。
49. D。shall 表示规定。句意为：“根据双方签定的协议，利益应被分为五部分。”
50. C。might just as well 意为“不妨、还是……为好”。比较四个选项，只有 C 符合题意。句意为：“你不妨告诉制造商，男性顾客有可能不喜欢这件家具的样式。”
51. B。can 表示“可以”。should(应该), must(必须), will(愿意)均不符合语境。
52. A。can 在疑问句中，表示疑惑、怀疑，根据情况可译作“能、可以”等。
53. C。由Naturally(很自然地)知，“我的女儿和我唱反调”的可能性比较大。比较四个选项，只有C最符合题意。
54. B。shall 表示征求意见。
55. C。could have done 表示对过去发生的事进行推测，意为“有可能”，其他三项都不符合题意。
56. D。由“他自己喜欢开车”这一习惯推断，“他可能不会(may not)坐火车来”。can not意为“不可能”，语气太肯定。
57. C。由 because there was little snow there可知，他们“不可能”去山上滑雪。couldn’t 用于对过去发生的事情进行有把握的否定推测。
58. D。shall 表规定。在规章中告诫应考者，在收完所有试卷前“必须”留在教室里。
59. B。由答句“当然可以”知问句是在请求允许。may 表示请求对方允许，意为“我可以做……吗？”
60. C。根据句意“我现在胃不舒服”，知我刚才“不应该”吃那么多炸鸡。shouldn’t have done 表示“本不应该做的事却做了”。