冠词的考点
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课件24张PPT。一、如何用冠词表示一类人或物：A pig is a lovely animal.
The pig is a lovely animal.
( Pigs a re lovely animals. ) 用于概括时，
the表示“人/物的整个一类, 概括某个类属的所有成员，
a/an则指“一类人/物中的任何一个”，有类似any的含义
(复数是指该类属中的大部分情况)
冠词的重要考点 _____ tiger is in danger of dying out.
这里说的是老虎这种动物“整个一类”的情况，而不是任何一只老虎的情况, 所以不能用a。不过，用复数形式倒是可以的，即Tigers are in danger of dying out . 另如:
＿＿ horse has been praised by many
poets as ＿a＿noble animal.
又如：
Alexander Graham Bell invented ______ telephone in1876.
1. a/an一方面表示“分类”，另一方面表示数量为“一”，而one则侧重数量，eg
Please give me a pen （不是铅笔，圆珠笔，也不是其他任何东西，而是钢笔，且数量为“一”）
Please give me one pen .(不是两支，三支等，而是一支)。二、a/ an 和one2. a/an 可表示“每一”，而one则不可 以，eg
To lose weight, she has only _____ meal ___ week。
3. 与表示时间的名词连用作状语时，one前面不用任何介词，而a/an前面的介词不可丢，eg.
① I first saw him one evening in July.
② I first saw him ___ an evening in July.三、专有名词/物质名词/抽象名词具体化
1、“a/an+专有名词”使专有名词具体化，译为
“……之类的东西/人”，eg.
1). A Mr. Hu wants to see you .
I wish to become an Edison.
2). He went to Jinhua in a Zhongtai 2008
made in Yongkang.
3). Suzhou is a Venice of the East.苏州是
东方的威尼斯
2、“a/an+物质名词”使物质名词具体化。表示一种，一杯，一份等，eg。
1) I＇d like a tea/coffee/drink/beer, please.
我要来杯茶/咖啡/饮料/啤酒。 <注意：这四个物质名词都有复数形式, 如two teas, five coffees等>
2) a heavy snow 一场大雪
3.“a/an+抽象名词“使抽象名词具体化。表示具体的行为，一次动作或概念的具体体现。
eg.
1). You are a pride/ an honor/a comfort to your parents.
2). Believe in yourself. You will be a success,
not a failure. 3).Many people agree that ___knowledge of English is ___must in ___international trade.
四、特指或泛指
如果说“a/an+单数可数名词”可以表示分类，又可表示泛指，那么就复数名词或不可数名词而言，它们是不能用a/an，只能与the连用。The的有无取决于该名词是特指还是泛指。 1). I love _____ music, especially ____
music composed by Zhou Chuanxiong.
2). Beyond stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.
3) ____breakfast we had today was wonderful
Space，Society，nature；man / mankind
前一般不用冠词4). Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places.
五.冠词的特殊位置：
1.若修饰名词的形容词受too, so, as, how, however等副词的修饰，则通常将不定冠词置于形容词与名词之间。1). It is too difficult a book for beginners.
2). However good ____ Mp 3 you have, you will find it out of fashion in several months.
2.不定冠词与副词quite，rather连用时，不定冠词通常置于其后，但其前有形容词时，则a/an放在quite/rather之前或之后都可以。Eg.
1) He is rather a fool .
2) He is rather a big fool/ He is a rather
big fool.3.与both/all/half/twice等连用时，冠词常置于其 后：
1) I know both the brothers.
2) I have to give all half my income to my wife.
3) My face is twice the size of yours.六：a 还是 anA用于辅音因素开头的单数可数名词前
An 用于元音因素开头的单数可数名词前The Wilsons live in ___ A-shaped house
near the coast.(2004 浙江)2. There is ___ “l” in the word “ luck”注意: f, h, m, n, l, s, x .七：冠词易忽略的用法：
1. a/an 用于序数词之前,表示数量或序数的增加.
Soon I saw a second beauty.
2. a most 表示“非常”，“很”，eg.
Yongkang is a most famous city.3. 由普通名词构成的专有名词要加定冠词
The Great Wall, the West Lake,
4. the 用于加强特指含义“正好是”，“刚好是”等， the要重读。
You are the person I’m after !5. 用于“hit+sb+介词+the+身体部位”及“catch/hold/take sb by the+身体部位”。eg
1) “他打了我的脸”，不能说He hit my face，而 应说：He hit me in the face.
2) He caught the thief by the arm.6. 表示计算单位，用the,主要用于by the 加计量单位，含有a/each/per的意义，eg.
1) He is paid by the hour.他拿计时工 资。
2) The eggs are sold by the dozen.by weight 不加定冠词八.零冠词1.专有名词
Mr. Smith, China, Beijing
Tian An Men Square, Zhong Shang Park,
Beijing Railway Station, Waterloo Bridge
Beijing University, Holy Mother Church2.物质名词: beef, ice, metal, milk, oil, silk3.抽象名词: action, history, wealth ,music4.季节,月份,星期,节假日, 一日三餐5.学科,球类,棋类名词前6.称呼,头衔,官衔名词前如: Mother, Professor Jin
He is head of the organization7.表示日,夜,早,晚,周,年前(泛指)
Night fell.
Towards Evening he came back.
At this time of year,
但:the year 2006,8. 习惯用法:
如by + ”名词”通常不加冠词 by car, by hand,
by letter,一颗永远不变的心Word ,weather, progress, advice, space, nature,
information, fun, in case of fireSchoolwork精选题：1．I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left _____ city, I only remember it was _____ Monday.
2. For a long time they walked without
saying word. Jim was the first to break silence.
3.The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push ___ red button”.
4.Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand
feet is quite __ exciting experience.
the a a the / the an an 5. Paper money was in use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in thirteenth century .
6.Most animals have little connection
with animals of _____different kind unless
they kill them for food.
7.Peter won’t drive us to the station.He has to
drive us all
A.a very small car B. too small a car
C. a too small car D. such a small car
.
/ the / aB8.I often have conversations with John over telephone,
while keeping in touch with Tom by ___letter.
9. England of those years was England in peace.
10.I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm,
but I knew it was Sunday because everybody
was at church.
11.In the market, vegetables are sold by kilogram，
I mean, by___ weight.
the / The an a/ the / 13.The cakes are delicious, I’d like to have third
one as _____ second one I ate was too small.
１２．Teaching is ________ it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as14. Mr Smith, there’s a man at ______ front door
saying he has ______news for you of great
importance.Dathe the / 15. Our neighbor has _________ ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as16. ---- Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning.
---- Is it ______ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.Ba a Thank you !
The pig is a lovely animal.
( Pigs a re lovely animals. ) 用于概括时，
the表示“人/物的整个一类, 概括某个类属的所有成员，
a/an则指“一类人/物中的任何一个”，有类似any的含义
(复数是指该类属中的大部分情况)
冠词的重要考点 _____ tiger is in danger of dying out.
这里说的是老虎这种动物“整个一类”的情况，而不是任何一只老虎的情况, 所以不能用a。不过，用复数形式倒是可以的，即Tigers are in danger of dying out . 另如:
＿＿ horse has been praised by many
poets as ＿a＿noble animal.
又如：
Alexander Graham Bell invented ______ telephone in1876.
1. a/an一方面表示“分类”，另一方面表示数量为“一”，而one则侧重数量，eg
Please give me a pen （不是铅笔，圆珠笔，也不是其他任何东西，而是钢笔，且数量为“一”）
Please give me one pen .(不是两支，三支等，而是一支)。二、a/ an 和one2. a/an 可表示“每一”，而one则不可 以，eg
To lose weight, she has only _____ meal ___ week。
3. 与表示时间的名词连用作状语时，one前面不用任何介词，而a/an前面的介词不可丢，eg.
① I first saw him one evening in July.
② I first saw him ___ an evening in July.三、专有名词/物质名词/抽象名词具体化
1、“a/an+专有名词”使专有名词具体化，译为
“……之类的东西/人”，eg.
1). A Mr. Hu wants to see you .
I wish to become an Edison.
2). He went to Jinhua in a Zhongtai 2008
made in Yongkang.
3). Suzhou is a Venice of the East.苏州是
东方的威尼斯
2、“a/an+物质名词”使物质名词具体化。表示一种，一杯，一份等，eg。
1) I＇d like a tea/coffee/drink/beer, please.
我要来杯茶/咖啡/饮料/啤酒。 <注意：这四个物质名词都有复数形式, 如two teas, five coffees等>
2) a heavy snow 一场大雪
3.“a/an+抽象名词“使抽象名词具体化。表示具体的行为，一次动作或概念的具体体现。
eg.
1). You are a pride/ an honor/a comfort to your parents.
2). Believe in yourself. You will be a success,
not a failure. 3).Many people agree that ___knowledge of English is ___must in ___international trade.
四、特指或泛指
如果说“a/an+单数可数名词”可以表示分类，又可表示泛指，那么就复数名词或不可数名词而言，它们是不能用a/an，只能与the连用。The的有无取决于该名词是特指还是泛指。 1). I love _____ music, especially ____
music composed by Zhou Chuanxiong.
2). Beyond stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.
3) ____breakfast we had today was wonderful
Space，Society，nature；man / mankind
前一般不用冠词4). Many people are still in habit of writing silly things in public places.
五.冠词的特殊位置：
1.若修饰名词的形容词受too, so, as, how, however等副词的修饰，则通常将不定冠词置于形容词与名词之间。1). It is too difficult a book for beginners.
2). However good ____ Mp 3 you have, you will find it out of fashion in several months.
2.不定冠词与副词quite，rather连用时，不定冠词通常置于其后，但其前有形容词时，则a/an放在quite/rather之前或之后都可以。Eg.
1) He is rather a fool .
2) He is rather a big fool/ He is a rather
big fool.3.与both/all/half/twice等连用时，冠词常置于其 后：
1) I know both the brothers.
2) I have to give all half my income to my wife.
3) My face is twice the size of yours.六：a 还是 anA用于辅音因素开头的单数可数名词前
An 用于元音因素开头的单数可数名词前The Wilsons live in ___ A-shaped house
near the coast.(2004 浙江)2. There is ___ “l” in the word “ luck”注意: f, h, m, n, l, s, x .七：冠词易忽略的用法：
1. a/an 用于序数词之前,表示数量或序数的增加.
Soon I saw a second beauty.
2. a most 表示“非常”，“很”，eg.
Yongkang is a most famous city.3. 由普通名词构成的专有名词要加定冠词
The Great Wall, the West Lake,
4. the 用于加强特指含义“正好是”，“刚好是”等， the要重读。
You are the person I’m after !5. 用于“hit+sb+介词+the+身体部位”及“catch/hold/take sb by the+身体部位”。eg
1) “他打了我的脸”，不能说He hit my face，而 应说：He hit me in the face.
2) He caught the thief by the arm.6. 表示计算单位，用the,主要用于by the 加计量单位，含有a/each/per的意义，eg.
1) He is paid by the hour.他拿计时工 资。
2) The eggs are sold by the dozen.by weight 不加定冠词八.零冠词1.专有名词
Mr. Smith, China, Beijing
Tian An Men Square, Zhong Shang Park,
Beijing Railway Station, Waterloo Bridge
Beijing University, Holy Mother Church2.物质名词: beef, ice, metal, milk, oil, silk3.抽象名词: action, history, wealth ,music4.季节,月份,星期,节假日, 一日三餐5.学科,球类,棋类名词前6.称呼,头衔,官衔名词前如: Mother, Professor Jin
He is head of the organization7.表示日,夜,早,晚,周,年前(泛指)
Night fell.
Towards Evening he came back.
At this time of year,
但:the year 2006,8. 习惯用法:
如by + ”名词”通常不加冠词 by car, by hand,
by letter,一颗永远不变的心Word ,weather, progress, advice, space, nature,
information, fun, in case of fireSchoolwork精选题：1．I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left _____ city, I only remember it was _____ Monday.
2. For a long time they walked without
saying word. Jim was the first to break silence.
3.The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push ___ red button”.
4.Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand
feet is quite __ exciting experience.
the a a the / the an an 5. Paper money was in use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in thirteenth century .
6.Most animals have little connection
with animals of _____different kind unless
they kill them for food.
7.Peter won’t drive us to the station.He has to
drive us all
A.a very small car B. too small a car
C. a too small car D. such a small car
.
/ the / aB8.I often have conversations with John over telephone,
while keeping in touch with Tom by ___letter.
9. England of those years was England in peace.
10.I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm,
but I knew it was Sunday because everybody
was at church.
11.In the market, vegetables are sold by kilogram，
I mean, by___ weight.
the / The an a/ the / 13.The cakes are delicious, I’d like to have third
one as _____ second one I ate was too small.
１２．Teaching is ________ it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as14. Mr Smith, there’s a man at ______ front door
saying he has ______news for you of great
importance.Dathe the / 15. Our neighbor has _________ ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as16. ---- Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning.
---- Is it ______ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.Ba a Thank you !