课件21张PPT。The Subjunctive Mood(I)
虚拟语气东营市一中06英语组Pandora opens her box…What’s left in the box?Step1
First let’s appreciate a painting.It represents a famous ancient Greece myth story. If she had been warned of danger, she would not have opened the box.misfortuneshopePay attention to the sentence:
Why do we use “had been warned ” to describe an event happened in the past?
为什么我们用过去完成时，来表示过去的事情？ Tears in Heaven
Would you know my name, if I saw you in heaven? Would it be the same, if I saw you in heaven? I must be strong and carry on, 'Cause I know I don't belong here in heaven. Would you hold my hand, if I saw you in heaven? Would you help me stand if I saw you in heaven? I'll find my way through night and day, 'Cause I know I just can't stay here in heaven.Step2 Let’s enjoy the song:Time can bring you down, time can bend your knees. Time can break your heart, have you begging please, begging please. Beyond the door,
there's peace I'm sure, And I know there'll be no more tears in heaven.QUESTION:
Why do we use “…if I saw you in heaven ” to describe something to happen in the future?Step3 LEARN ABOUT SBJUNCTIVE MOODThe Subjunctive Mood(I)
虚拟语气 英语当中有好多种语气，如感叹语气，疑问语气，强调语气等，其中有的是用特殊句式表达的如，疑问句式，感叹句式，强调句式等。
而动词运用不同形式也可以表达不同的语气。
参见课本p87页
一：陈述语气 是动词遵从一般的语法规则，该是什么时间就运用什么时态，该什么人称，就什么人称形式， 不进行任何刻意的改变
注意“陈述语气”不同于陈述句，它是从动词角度加以界定的。它包括陈述句式，也包括疑问句式，感叹句式等。课本上给的三个例句都是陈述语气。 二 祈使语气 这种语气是在所有的时间状况下，都用动词原形开头的句子。如：
Have a try tomorrow. (将来时间)
Let’s have a talk. (现在时间)
其否定形式是在动词原形前面直接加”do not”
有的人会有疑问：为什么没有表达过去时间的例句呢？
同学们能回答这个问题吗？ 三 虚拟语气 这是一种，为了表达一种“假设，愿望，怀疑或者推测”等，而对动词的时态，人称形式，进行一些不太遵循普通语法规则的改变。同时这种改变又是有规律的，其变化规律就是我们高中阶段学习的一个重要内容，也是难点。请大家认真学习。
虚拟语气中，动词在人称方面的变化比较固定：即，当动词是 “be”单独使用时，统一用“were”而不用“was”, 如
If I were you, I would work hard.
但是 “If I had been earlier, I would have caught the bus.”中没有这样的改变，因为 “be”没有单独使用 而虚拟语气在动词的事态变化方面相对有一点复杂
1 虚拟与其在if 条件句中的运用
A 表示现在时间 例句：If you took the bus, you would be late for the film.
跟踪练习
(1) If I ______ （be）you, I _________________ (choose) to go abroad.
(2) If I _______ (have) time, I ________________ (help) you instantly.
(3) If you constantly (rub) _______ your eyes, it ___________________ (swell) soon. were would choose had would help rubbed would swellB 表示将来时间的跟踪练习：
例句
(1) If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out.
(2) If I were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.
(3) If I should see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.
(4)If I saw him tomorrow, I would invite him home. 跟踪练习
If it _____ (be) fine tomorrow, I __________(go) out on a trip.
If it _______ (be) fine tomorrow, I _________(go) out on a trip.
If it _________________(be) fine tomorrow, I __________(go) out on a trip. were would go should be should go were to be should goC 表示过去时间
例句
If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won the football match.
跟踪练习：
(1)If you ____________ (work) hard then, you __________________(pass) the final exam easily.
(2) If we _____________ (have) more rain last year, we _________________(gain) a good harvest. had worked would have passed had had would have gained注意事项*1，在虚拟条件句当中，经常可以省掉if 后，把从句变成倒装形式 : (把“be”动词，或助动词提前)
可以参考p91, Book9
(1) If you should need more information, please let me know. 可以变换为：
Should you need more information, please let me know.
(2) If Mark had invited me, I would have been glad to come.
Had Mark invited me, I would have been glad to come.跟踪联系：
1 _______(be) I you, I would work hard.
2 _______ it to rain tomorrow, I would go on I trip.
3 ________ it been for your help, I would have failed in the examination. Were Were Had注意事项*2 ：观察以下各个句子：
If she had followed the doctor’s advice last month, she would be quite all right now.
If you had told me the news yesterday, I would not be worried now.
在以上句子当中，从句和主句表达的时间不一致，因此又叫“错综时间条件句子”
跟踪练习：
If my parents _______________(not force) me to come , I ___________________(not be) here now. hadn’t forced shouldn’t be If I??_____________(ask) her for advice yesterday, I ______________(know) what to do now. had asked should know 注意事项 *3含蓄条件句：
（1）But for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to college. 相当于
If it had not been for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to college.
(2) Without the impressionists, many of these painting styles would not exist.
相当于 If there had not been for the impressionists, many of these painting styles would not exist. 在以上句子中，虽然没有出现if引导的条件状语从句，但是他们表达的意思与if条件句是一致的，只是表现得不明显，所以叫做“含蓄虚拟条件句”，有这种用法词（组）还有:otherwise/ or / but/ once等ASSIGNMENT:
Read more about more on subjunctive mood P88.
