课件19张PPT。A Social Survey---My Neighbourhood社会调查---我的街坊Apartment block Five-storeySecond floorbrickApartment: a set of rooms in a building, usually on one floor.survey n 调查make a survey of public opinion 民意调查
make a survey of river pollution 调查河流污染
vt 调查; 考察; 概述
My report surveyed the history of nursery rhymes. 我的报告概述了童谣的历史.neighbourhood n 四邻; 街坊in the neighbourhood of… 在……的附近
She is liked by the whole neighbourhood.
I want to live in the neighbourhood of my office.
neighbour n. 邻居;临近的人 v. 与……相邻
We were neighbours at the dinner table.
The garden neighbours a golf-course.local adj 地方的; 局部的local government 地方政府
local custom 地方特有的风俗习惯
local time 当地时间
n. 本地人; 当地人. 常用复数
The locals are friendly to guests.
当地人热情好客.The house is two storeys high and is made of local stonestone 没有用复数, 也没有the修饰, 是因为stone表示物质材料, 是不可数名词.
Who can move the big stone?
The table is made of stone. be made of A be made of B A由B材料制成, 通常从制成品中能看出原材料
A be made from B A是由B制成的, 从制成品中看不出原材料.
The wine is made from grapes.
make A out of B=A be made out of B, 兼有上述两个短语的含义, 但主要用于第一种含义.
He made a skirt out of the material. make B into A=make A out of B 把B制成A.
Mother made her coat into my skirt.
Mother made my skirt out of her coat.
be made up of 由……组成
Animal bodies are made up of cells. ground, floor, storey 用法建筑物外的地面叫ground
He threw the box out of the window and it fell to the ground outside.
建筑物内的地面叫floor, floor强调 “平面”, 所以介词用on, 说某人住在几层楼或第几层上有什么时,习惯用floor.
He lives on the second floor.
storey (美式story) 指楼房的层, 着重空间, 形容一个楼房有多少层 用storey, 不用floor.英 美在表达楼层方面,有些差异 英国 美国
basement (地下室) basement (地下室)
ground floor (一楼) first floor (一楼)
first floor (二楼) second floor (二楼)
second floor (三楼) third floor (三楼)
top floor (最高一层) top floor (最高一层)Pre-reading:
Q:Do you know which city it is?
1.This city lies in the southeast of China;2.It is a seaside city;3.It has a famous Island-----GuLangyu Island.XiaMenattractive adj 有吸引力的; 吸引人的Her dark eyes are very attractive.
attract vt 吸引; 激发; 引诱
The concert attracted a great number of people.
attraction un 吸引力 cn 有吸引力的事物
The television has little attraction for me.
One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary. fortunate adj lucky 幸运的; 吉祥的be fortunate to do/in doing sth 有幸做某事
I was fortunate to have/in having a good teacher.
She is fortunate enough to enjoy good health.
fortune un 运气 cn. 财产; 财富
Don’t leave that to fortune.
make a fortune 发大财pretty adv 很; 相当与rather程度差不多, 多用于非正式文体中
She seemed pretty satisfied with the result.
adj. 漂亮的; 可爱的
a pretty girl a pretty little housebother vt 打扰; 烦扰; 麻烦I’m sorry to bother you, but could you tell me the way to the railway station?
Does my smoking bother you?rent n. 租金at a heavy/high rent 以高租金
pay the rent 付租金
How much is the rent for this room?
For Rent 该告示意味着 “房屋出租”
vt 出租
We don’t rent our room to male students.approach vt 接近They approached the city.
n. 接近
At her approach the children ran off.
n. 方法; 手段
a new approach to language teachingstarve vi 饥饿; 饿死starve to death 饿死
Thousands of cattle are starving.
starve在口语中仅用于进行时态, 表示 feel very hungry
What’s for dinner? I’m starving!
starvation n 挨饿; 饿死
die of starvation
starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资课件16张PPT。It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you knowIt is/has been + 时间段+since+过去时 句型, 表示自从……到现在多久了
It is/has been two years since his father died.
=His father has been dead for two years.
=His father died two years ago. And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. This/That/It is the/物主代词+first/second/third…last time+从句, 从句的时态为现在完成时
This is the fourth time she’s rung you in a week. coast on the coast 在海岸上; off the coast 不在海岸上; along the coast 沿着海岸
We lived in the hotel on the cosat.
There is an island off the coast. 海上有个小岛
We all admired the beautiful view while driving along the coast.put up1.筑起; 建起; 搭起; 支起
put up a fence/memorial/shed/tent
筑起篱笆/建起纪念碑/搭起小棚/支起帐篷
2. 升起或举起某物; 展示; 张贴; 提高价格;临时获得食宿安排; 忍受
Put up your hand if you have a question.
They put up at an inn for the night.put off 延期;延后
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
put forward 提出某事供讨论
put forward an argument/a plan/a suggestion
提出一个论据/一个计划/一项建议
put aside 搁置一旁;挪开;停下
He put his work aside and made some coffee.
put away 把……收拾起来;把……留存起来
Put the toys away.
put…back 把……放回
Put the record back where it was. Do you think we could stop and walk around for a while?while 在这里是名词, 通常与a连用, 表示 “一点时间; 一会儿” 与a moment类似. in a while/moment 常用于将来时; after a while/ moment 常用于过去时; for a while/moment 与延续性的动词连用, 表示动作持续一段时间.
I’ll come back in a while/moment.Happen, take place, break outhappen “发生”强调事情发生的偶然性, 相当于 come about
Whatever happens, you should keep calm.
Take place “发生; 产生; 举行”, 强调有计划地发生或进行, 强调发生的时间和地点.
The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.
break out “突然发生; 发作; 爆发” 主语为 war, fire, quarrel, earthquake等
The war broke out in 1937Grammar 现在完成时一 现在完成时构成
have/has+过去分词
二 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1)过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2)过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight, this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 现在完成时的时间状语for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,不确定的时间状语3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了。) I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。) 2.用法
(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet?等副词修饰。如: ????????---Have?you?had?lunch?yet?????
---Yes,I?have.?I've?just?had?it. ??你(已经)吃午饭了吗??我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了) ??????? 2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。???????????????
He?has?taught?here?since?1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书(可能还要继续教)
?I?haven't?seen?her?for?four?years. ?我有四年没见到她了。(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice, ever, never, three?times等时间状语。 ????????
?I?have?been?to?Beijing?twice.我去过北京二次。 3.现在完成时的时间状语 (1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。 ??
a.?用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和?疑问句中。 We?have?already?finished?our?homework.我们已完成作业了。
b.用ever?和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未“等。??
Have?you?ever?been?to?the?Great?Wall?你曾经去过长城吗? ?????????????????c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,just, before, up?to?now, the?past?few?years等。
?He?has?been?there?three?times?the?last?few?
years. 近几年他去过那里三次了。
d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语,如:now, today, this?morning (month, year, term)等。例如:-Have?you?met?him?today?-No, I?haven't. 今天你见过他吗?我?没有。 (2)现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始,一直持续到现在。如:I?haven‘t?seen?him?for?two?years.??但是,像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用,必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。
?arrive →be?here????????????????????begin (start) →be?on?
die????→be?dead????????????????????come?back → be?back
His?father?has?been?dead?for?two?years.
他父亲去世二年了。 课件3张PPT。in the way 妨碍; 挡着……的路in one way 在某种程度上
on the way 在……的路上
by the way 顺便问一下; 捎带说一声提建议的表达方法Shall we……? Good idea!
Let’s do sth
Why not…?
What/How about…?
had better
Would you like…?
Will you please…?---Shall we go to the Great Wall tomorrow?
---Good idea!
Let’s go to see a movie next weekend.
Why not try again?
Why don’t you go with me?
What about going out for a walk?
You had better stay at home.
Would you like another cup tea?
Will you please come tomorrow?