高考专题冲刺
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课件256张PPT。Nothing is impossible高三英语复习讲座突出语篇、强调运用、注重实际 注重基础、强调运用、突出能力 第一; 要回归基础知识
第二; 要重温高考大纲和往年的高考题
第三; 突出重点知识
第四; 针对训练，规范答题
第五; 听的练习要持之以恒 书写清楚整齐
卷面整洁卫生
字迹端庄秀丽
限定时间答题 重知求能，查漏补缺 听力测试部分1）理解主旨和大意。
2）获取事实性的具体信息，如
时间、地点、人物等。
3）简单推断谈话背景、人物关
系等。
4）理解说话人的意图、观点或态
度。
what(主旨或内容) who（关系或身份）,
when（时间） where（地点）,
why（原因） how（方式）,
what time（具体时间） how many（数）,
how much（量） how long（长短）,
how old（年龄） how soon（多久）,
how often（频率） 餐馆（restaurant）用语：menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger,
sandwich, soup, dish, beer, food, soft drink等;
医院（hospital）用语:take medicine, temperature, pill ,
headache, running a fever, blood pressure 等;
宾馆（hotel）用语:luggage, single room, double room.,
room number 等;
邮局（post office）用语: mail, post, deliver, stamp,
envelope, telegram等;
机场（airport）用语:flight, take off, land, luggage, boarding,
meet sb. 等;
车站（railway station）用语: round trip, single trip, sleeping
car, meet sb.等；
商店（shop）用语: on sale, size, color, price, change等；
学校（school）用语: professor, exam, course, dining hall,
playground 等。
飞机上(on a plane) flight, landing card,（一）调节情绪，保持良好的心理状态
（二）读题预览预测，变被动为主动
（三）抓大放小，紧盯关键词句
（四）顾全整体，运用概括分析跳越障碍
（五）眼明手快，各器官协调并用 预览
1)试卷分发后填涂完姓名及准考证号之后的剩余时间；
2)播放试音小乐曲及试音材料时；
3)介绍第一节试题做法的时间；
4)每段对话或独白播放前的5秒钟时间。预测 1) 听前预测
A 根据题目中的语言信息预测
B 抓住关键词预测
2) 听中预测
A 根据关联词预测
B 根据信号词预测 一是能力因素
二是心理因素 ★ 单项填空部分一、知识点涉及面广；
二、动词（短语）的考查是主旋律；
三、知识考点语境化；
四、不谋而合的相同考点；
五、承传“旧”题谱新篇。reach, miss, lose 及catch
damage, hurt, hit 及 strike
forbid, allow, follow 及ask
load, hold, fill 及support
come， grow, go, 及get
make, turn, grow,及get
go、 tell、 write、 say
leave、 remain、 delay、 desert
vary、 decorate、form、 describe
relieve、reflect、 respond、recover
grow, develop, increase、 raise get along, come on, watch out及set off
refer to, speak of, focus on 及come to
look up, take down, work out及bring out
see through, work out, look into, watch over turn up, go back, die down, blow out
come down, take down, turn over, go over
get down, get through, give in, give away turn to, turn on , turn off, turn over
come up, come out, come about, come over
call on, call up, call for, call in
break down, break up, break in 和break out break out, get out, put out , come out
turn up, make up , fix up, set up
take up, save up, keep up, draw up
pick out, make out, pick up及 make up Finding information in today’s world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.
A. ability B. competition
C. challenge D. knowledgeTo make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.
A. strengths B. benefits
C. techniques D. valuesI?____ in London for many years，but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. was living
C. have lived?????? D. had livedI was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I __________to half a dozen other groups.
A. was giving B. am giving
C. had given D. have given—It’s been raining for a whole week. I think it’ll get fine soon.
— . We are getting into the rainy season now．
A．Yes, it will B．Of course not C．It’s possible D．It’s hard to say--- Andrew won't like it, you know.
--- ? I don't care what Andrew thinks!
A. So what B. So where
C. So why D. So howA man cannot smile like a child, _______ a child smiles with is eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but
C. and D. forHe found it increasingly difficult to read, _______ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. and B. for
C. but D. orSee the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning.
A. when B. which
C. where D. what makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. What B. Who
C. Whatever D. Whoever--- Could you do me a favour?
--- It depends on ______ it is.
A. which B. whichever
C. what D. whateverThis new model of car is so expensive that it is _______ the reach of those with average income.
A. over B. within
C. beyond D. below---Can he take charge of the computer company? ---I’m afraid it’s?____ his ability. ??? A. beyond? B. within?
C. of? D. toSorry. Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s ______ the visiting hours. A. during B. at
C. beyond D. beforeIt’s quite me why such things have been allowed to happen.
A．for B．behind C．against D．beyondI’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it
C. this D. you I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that
C. these D. themI would appreciate it _____ you call back this afternoon for the doctor's appointment．
A．until B．if
C．when D．that He hurried to the booking office only______ that all the tickets had been sold out.
A. to tell B. to be told
C. telling D. toldThe news reporters hurried to the airport, only________ the film stars had left.
A．to tell B．to be told
C．telling D．toldHe hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.
A. to find B. finding
C. found D. to have foundI was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most _____were from Germany.
A. study; of whom
B. study; of them
C. studying; of them
D. studying; of whomI was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which
C. that D. whichThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abroad .
A．of which B．which of
C．of them D．of that I have many friends, ____ some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which
C. of them D. of whom1. Which do you enjoy_______ your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park?
A. spending B. to spend
C. having spent D. to have spent ——English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—Yes, _______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004上海卷）
A. Know B. Knowing
C. To know D. KnownThe day we had been looking forward to ___ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. to come .– It’s getting late. I'm afraid I must be going now.
-- OK. ______ .（2004全国卷）
Ａ．Take it easy B. Go slowly
C. Stay longer D. See youMr. Smith used to smoke_____ but he has given it up . (2004天津卷)
A. seriously B. heavily
C. badly D. hardly---What’s made Tommy so upset?
---I believe ____the game. It shocked him so much.
A. for losing B. lost
C. losing D. because of losing Few pleasures can equal＿＿of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any
C. that D. those--You haven't been to Beijing, have you?
--_____.How I wish to go there!
A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haven't
C. No, I have D. No, I haven't—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow．
—_____ ．
A．I don't B．I won't
C．I cannot D．I haven't The films made by Disney ______?all over the world.
A．are used to show
B．are used to showing
C．used to be shown
D．used to show The price＿＿, but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A. went down
B. will go down
C. has gone down
D. was going downGeorge Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （2004北京第26题）
A. the real name
B. what his real name
C. his real name
D. whose real name ___________some of this juice——perhaps you’ll like it. （00年北京春季第23题）
A. Trying B. Try
C. To try D. Have triedThe largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of ____ over 600 years old.
A. them B. which C. it D. that---- You haven't lost the ticket, have you?
---- ______. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment. （04江苏）
A．I hope not B. Yes, I have
C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid soEveryone was on time for the meeting -- Chris, who's usually ten minutes late for everything.
A. but B. only
C. even D. yetWe're going to ______ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us?
（04北京春季）
A. get in B. get over
C. get along D. get together---I can't find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
---It was in the hotel ______ he stayed.
A. where B. which
C. the one D. that—Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident?
—No, _____ only the two passengers who got hurt.
A. it was B. there was
C. there were D. there had_______, tears came to his eyes.
A. Reading the letter
B. He was reading the letter
C. When he was reading the letter
D. The letter was being readI’m sorry I can’t help _____ the floor of the classroom.
A. sweeping B. swept
C. to sweep D. to sweeping That was ＿＿＿＿we had in London 3 years ago!
A． wonderful time
B． a wonderful time
C． wonderful
D． wonderfully.I am sorry for the trouble I have put you ＿ the problem.
A. to solve B. of solving
C. to of solving D. to have solved问是否介意及回答，of course/ certainly not; Not at all; I’m afraid you’d better not; I’m afraid you can’t; I’d rather you didn’t actually
介绍及回答, This is …; I’m glad/ pleased to meet/ see you; Glad/ Nice to meet you
表扬及回答, Thank you/ Thanks; It’s very kind of you to say so; I’m glad you enjoy it.
道歉及回答, Never mind; That’s all right.
求助及回答, I’d love/ like to; With pleasure; Help yourself, please; Go ahead, please; I’d like to, but I’m busy now.
主动帮助及回答, It’s all right. Thanks; That’s very nice of you.; No, thank you all the same/ just the same.
成功表达及回答, I’m glad to hear that; Congratulations. —Hi, haven’t seen you for ages. You look fine. —＿＿＿＿. You look well?too.?NMET1994?
A. Great B. Thanks
C. Oh, no D. Not at all－I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
－_____, we’re too busy.
A. Don’t worry? ? ?
B. Don’t mention it??
C. Forget it?? ?
D. Pardon me —Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide? —Of course. _______ sir. (2004年全国卷II 21题) ?
?A. Make yourself at home ?
B. Enjoy yourself ??
C. It doesn't matter ??
D. Take your time--- I had a really good weekend at my uncle’s.
--- _____________.
A. Oh, that’s very nice of you
B. Congratulations
C. Really
D. Oh, I am glad to hear that单项选择复习建议熟练掌握高中英语新课程标准词汇及用法，其中要掌握词性及其固定的搭配（基本要求）
对于重要句型的把握 （重点61个）
注意一词多义 （重点）(cover, run, reach, play, stand, beat, spare)
固定搭配 （常考动词15个：take, get, bring, ask, catch, put, come, give, keep, make, break, hold, look, go, turn）be＋of＋抽象名词
the＋形容词／副词比较级，the ＋形容词／副词比较级
not ／no ／never ／nothing ＋比较级
比较级＋than any other ＋单数可数名词
the＋比较级＋of．．．
as＋形容词／副词原级＋（a ／an）＋名词＋as
as＋形容词／副词原级＋as，比较级＋than
the same ＋名词＋as
倍数＋比较级＋than．．．，倍数＋as＋原级＋as．．．，倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of．．．
10. no longer．．．／not．．．any longer11. ．．．形容词／副词＋enough to do sth．
12. （much）too．．．to do sth．
13. ．．．where．．．
14. How soon．．．
15. There be．．．
16. In case．．．
17. keep ／prevent／stop sb．（sth．）from doing（being done）
18. have ／keep ／make ／get／drive ／send／set／ leave sb．（sth．）＋宾补
19．have sth．done
20．make oneself done21．used to do sth．
22．warn sb．（not）to do ／against doing sth．
23．spend ／waste time in doing sth．
24．can't help doing sth．
25．sb．would（should）like（love）to do sth．
26．Given．．．
27．情态动词＋（not）have ＋过去分词
28．so that．．．
29．such．．．that．．．
30．．．．till／until．．．31．．．．the first time．．．
32．．．．before．．．
33．It＋be＋一段时间＋since从句
34．It is ／was the first／last／second ／third time ＋从句
35．As is known to all．．．
36．no matter ＋特殊疑问词
37．What ＋（a／an＋adj．）＋名词／How＋adj．／adv．＋主语＋谓语
38．It．．．that ／what ／whether ／how／when．．．主语从句或to do sth．／ doing sth．
39．think ／make ／find ／feel／keep＋it＋宾补．．．
40．It is ／was ＋被强调部分＋that（who）．．．41．Only ＋副词／介词短语／状语从句……
42．Never ／Little ／Not a ／Hardly ／In no time ／In no way ／In no case ／Seldom ／Scarcely ／Barely ／Rarely ／Nowhere／By no means ＋be ／助动词／情态动词＋主语＋谓语 43．So＋adj．＋be／助动词／情态动词＋主语 (倒装)
44．adj．／adv．／n．＋as／though/ that ＋主语＋谓语．．．
45．No sooner．．．than ／Hardly（Scarcely）．．．when（before）
46．not only．．．but（also）．．．
47．Neither ／Nor ＋be ／助动词／情态动词＋主语
48．So＋be／助动词／情态动词＋主语与So＋主语＋be／助动词／情态动词
49．．．．do you think．．．？ 50．It is said ／reported ／thought／believed ／announced that．．．51．This is ．．．speaking．
52．do nothing but do sth./ cannot but do/ cannot help but do/ cannot choose but do../ have no choice but to do…
53．'d like to，'d love to，be going to， mean to，ought to，try to，plan to，be glad to，be happy to
54．I'm sorry，but．．．
55．Why not ＋动词原形？
56．Do ／Would you mind．．．？
57．How ／What about．．．？
58．That ／It be ＋adj．of sb．to do sth．
59．prefer to do sth．rather than do sth．
60．would rather do sth．
61．I believe so，I believe not，I don't believe so★完形填空部分1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____.
A. comes off B. turns up
C. pays off D. holds up 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. A. shifting B. transferring
C. altering D. transforming With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flying into space and returning many times.
A. capable B. suitable
C. efficient D. fit Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. A. that B. it C. so D. this Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. A. nevertheless B. therefore
C. moreover D. meanwhile 1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very＿＿＿＿＿.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerousMrs O’Neill asked＿＿＿＿＿questions and she didn’t scold us either.
A. no B. certain C. many D. moreWashoe is a young chimpanzee(黑猩猩). She is no 41 chimpanzee, though. Scientists are doing a research 42 her . They want to see how civilized she can 43 . Already she does many things a human being can do.Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __21__. As was discussed before, it was not __22__ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic __23__. 21. A. between B. before C. since D. later 22. A. after B. by C. during D. until 23. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to 30
A. check B. read C. keep D. sign★阅读理解部分阅读理解主要考查形式主要有四大类：
1．细节理解题
2．推理判断题
3．主旨大意题
4．词义猜测题 I.细节理解题解题技能
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以是非题的形式。true /false, not true / false或EXCEPT；
3. 以According to… 开头提问方式；
4. 以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised .
（2）By the first sentence of the passage the author means that .
（3）It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on .
（4）If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit .
（5）The policemen were told “to look the other way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) so that .
（6）The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to . 等等
5. 就文中数字、排序、识图等提问 干扰项有如下几个特点 （1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；
（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；
（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有
些变动；
（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。 … …
Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. … …
“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, Research Director of the project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills.”
… … ●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.
Now you need never get lost again!65. Scientists believe that_______.
A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.
B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow older
C. people never lose their sense of direction
D. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?
A. They never have a sense of direction without maps
B. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction
C. They have a sense of direction and can find their way around
D. They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.
68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.
A. ask policemen for directions.
B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourself
C. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs
D. count the number of landmarks that you see
Tuition Fees (学费) Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui @ waikato．ac．nz. Accommodation (住宿) You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: acc@ waikato．ac．nz69. You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250
B. $8,000
C. $9,000
D. $11,000People can use a home computer to make their shopping lists. Once at the store, a shopper can use a preferred customer card to start a system (系统) that will organize the trip around the store. If you're looking for toothpicks, you type in the word or pick it from a list, and a map will appear on the screen showing where you are and where you can find them. 54. Which of the following is the correct order of shopping with the computerized shopping carts?
a. Start the system.
b. Make a shopping list.
c. Find the things you want.
d. Go to a self-checkout stand.
A. abdc B. bacd
C. acbd D. bcadTel. =telephone number
Ph. =phone Add (r). =address
Co. =company Ltd=Limited
Max=maximum Min=minimum
hr=hour t=time
fig=figure ft=foot
ml=mile doz=dozen
Mt=Mountain P=page
prof. =professor Dr. =doctors=south n=north
w=west Sta=Station
pop=popular vs=versus
Xmas=Christmas info=information
VIP=very important persons hrs=hours
aft=after ad=advertisement
p/t=part time exp=experienced
PC=personal computer MA=Master of Arts
BS degree=bachelor's degree (学士学位)Welcome to Adventureland!
The Travel Pavilion
……
Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.
……
The Future Tower
This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then. Spend some time in our space station climb into our simulator (模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!The Nature Park
…
The Pyramid
This is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping centre. Come here for information and ideas too.63. The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors ________.
A. realize the importance of traveling
B. become familiar with mountain countries
C. learn how to make things such as fishing nets
D. learn something about different places in the world64. If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit _____________.
A. the Travel Pavilion
B. the Future Tower
C. the Safari Park
D. the Pyramid
65. If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go?
A. The Pyramid
B. The Nature Park.
C. The Future Tower
D. The Travel Pavilion
When Lewis and Clark stepped onto the Weippe Prairie in present-day Idaho in September 1805, they met the Nez Perce Indians. In the following years, the white explorers（探险者）began to fight with the Indians for their land. Some Nez Perce chiefs signed agreements with the U.S. government, selling part of their lands. But the government always broke those agreements and demanded more land.
Other chiefs refused to go along with the government’s plans. The most famous was Chief Joseph, whose people lived in the Wallowa Valley（present-day Oregon）. “In order to have all people understand how much land we owned, ”he once explained, “my father planted poles around it and said: ‘Inside is the home of my people…It circled around the graves（坟墓）of our fathers, and we will never give up these graves to any man. ’”
But in 1874, the U.S. government declared the valley open for white settlement and ordered the Nez Perce onto a reservation（保留地）. Seeing that resistance was useless, Chief Joseph agreed to move.
Later, fighting broke out between the Nez Perce and U.S. soldiers. Chief Joseph tried to lead his people to Canada, winning several battles against the soldiers during their flight. But finally, he was forced to give in. 56. Which historic site （on the map）lies in the south of today’s Nez Perce Reservation?
A. Buffalo Eddy. B. Dug Bar.
C. Joseph Canyon Viewpoint. D. Chief Looking Glass Camp.
57. What can we learn about the Nez Perce lands from the map?
A. They were in the state of Oregon.
B. They have become a historic site.
C. They have become much smaller.
D. They were limited to the Wallowa Valley. The above chart shows Japanese direct investment in Asian countries or areas (A、B、C、D, and E) from 1951 till 2003. The value of Japanese investment in manufacturing was roughly the same in Hong Kong and in the mainland of China, but in commerce and services Hong Kong was over China by seventy billion. In resources development, Japan didn’t show interest in Singapore and even smaller attention was paid to Taiwan, which received exactly one third as much money as Singapore. In total, the biggest investment by Japan was made in Indonesia.1.We learn from the passage that the “A” in the chart stands for _____.
A. China B. Singapore
C. Indonesia D. Hong Kong
2.In total, Japan invested about 70 billion dollars more in Hong Kong than in ____.
A. Singapore B. Indonesia C. Taiwan D. China
3.Japanese investment in resources development in Singapore was _____times that in Taiwan.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
4.In manufacturing, Indonesia ranked ________.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
5.According to the chart, we know _______ attracted Japan most.
A. manufacturing B. resources development
C. commerce and services D. othersThe theory is supported by the facts that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. Also, the amount of money demanded-under 3,000 Taiwanese dollars –seems too little for a car worth many times more.
Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do, ” he said.
52. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to . A. criminals B. pigeons
C. the stolen cars D. demands for money (1) From paragraph 4 we can infer that . / What can be inferred from the passage? / From the last paragraph we can infer that .
(2) We can infer from the text that…/ What can we learn from…? / We can conclude from the passage that…
(3) The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that .
(4) The author implies that by the year 2050, . (5) To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should .
(6) The author mentions the fact that…to show .
(7) This passage would most likely be found in _________?
(8) The author’s attitude toward …is _________?
a) 首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
b) 要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。c) 要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。
d) 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。
e) 在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章 MONTREAL (Reuters) – Crossing the US-Canada border(边界) to go to church on a Sunday cost a US citizen $ 10,000 for breaking Washington’s strict new security(安全) rules.
The expensive trip to church was a surprise for Richard Albert, who lives right on the Canadian border. Like the other half-dozen people of Township 15, crossing the border is a daily occurrence for Albert. The nearby Quebec village of St. Pamphile is where they shop, eat and go to church.
… 59. We learn from the text that Richard Albert is _______.
A. an American living in Township 15??
B. a Canadian living in a Quebec village
C. a Canadian working in a customs station
D. an American working in a Canadian church60. Albert was fined because he ________
A. failed to obey traffic rules.
B. broke the American security rules.
C. worked in St. Pamphile without a pass.
D. damaged the gate of the customs office.How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful?
…
The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise ... and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.64. How would the author describe the animals’ life in zoos?
A. Dangerous. B. Unhappy.
C. Natural. D. Easy. Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory. … 59. How does the writer explain birds’ singing? A. By comparing birds with human beings. B. By reporting experiment results. C. By describing birds’ daily life. D. By telling a bird’s story.In 1837, the historian Carlyle made the first recorded use of the word " queue" (排队). He spoke of the French and their "habit of standing in a queue". Forty years later Paris was the best place to wait in line. However, queuing became popular in Britain too. The Second World War was the golden age of queuing, and people joined any line in the hope that it was a queue for something to buy. This was the source of many Second World War jokes:
Shopkeeper to customer: Excuse me, miss, are you pregnant (怀孕)?Customer: Well, I wasn’t when I joined the queue.
Today, according to research in America, we (in Britain) can spend up to 5 years of our lives queuing - as compared to twelve months looking for things we have lost. But things may be changing.
…
But some people just like queuing. One man queued all night for Harrods famous January sale, and then returned home for breakfast at nine o’ clock the next morning without going into the shop.71. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. queue management doesn’t work well B. there is still queuing in England C. we don’t see much queuing in Paris D. the French like queuing more than the British常见的与预测相关的问题主要有：
What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?
What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?
What would… do in the end?Giving Back
Fair Way
The Westborough High School golf team had taken the official photos with the state prize. The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. And then Westborough instructor Greg Rota noticed something wrong on one of the score cards. A 9 had been recorded as a 7. They were not the state prize winner; Woburn High had won. “ No one would have known, “ said Woburn’s instructor, Bob Doran. For Rota, it wasn’t a difficult decision: “The prize wasn’t ours to take.” 60. What did Greg Rota probably do in the end?
A. Took photos of Doran.
B. Had a meeting with Doran.
C. Returned the prize to the organizer.
D. Apologized to Woburn High School.
61. Greg Rota’s decision shows that he was .
A. honest B. polite
C. careful D. friendly 在高考阅读理解中，针对短文主旨常见的命题形式如下：
(1). What would be the best title for the text? /What is the topic of the text?
(2). The main topic / subject of the passage is _________.
(3). The main idea/ The general idea is/ The main theme of this passage is…
(4). The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on _________.
(5). What is mainly discussed in the text?(6). What is the main idea of the passage?
(7) What’s the main point the writer is
trying to make in the last paragraph?
(8) The purpose of this passage is .
(9). Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?
(10) Which of the following best summarized the passage?
(11) The passage mainly focuses on .
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
… 71. What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B. Opinions about competition are different among people.
C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D. Failures are necessary experience in competition. On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. What’s more, we can go to school on the net, read a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Keep away from the Internet.
B. Surf the net.
C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life.
D. We can entertain ourselves on the Internet.Lacrosse (曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World.
People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal. The goal is a net. There are ten players on each team. Each player has a stick called “ cross”. The player hit a ball into the net as many times as possible. Lacrosse is a very fast game because the players can catch and pass the ball at a high speed with their sticks. Players often get great fun it playing lacrosse. There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio.
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians.
1.The passage is mainly about .
A. How to Play Lacrosse
B. Lacrosse in Canada
C. The History of Lacrosse
D. Lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals.
During the opening ceremonies, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.67. This passage mainly tells readers_______.
A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara Festival
B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival
C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival
D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara FestivalHandshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.65. The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.
A. where handshaking was first practised
B. how handshaking came about
C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China 首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。
要避免下列三种情况：
①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体， 从而导致范围太小）；
②过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；
③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意.其次，要考虑标题的针对性，
再次要注意标题的醒目性，
最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法
一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组 比如某一文章的中心句为：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names on Thursday Nov. 18th 2004 in Beijing.话题：Stamps
控制性概念：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names
标题：China issued 1st set of stamps on family namesHe wishes the holiday season would end already. His back aches, his red suit feels like a spacesuit, his cheeks have gone tight from smiling for 12 hours …
The questions from children these days are harder than ever. Now, with thousands of children expecting a father or mother serving in Iraq or Afghanistan, the questions are as heart-breaking as they are unanswerable. For example, “Can you please bring Daddy home from the war in time for Christmas morning?”
Santas also have a pretty good chance of getting sued (指控)…59．What would be the best title for
the passage? A．Christmas: Not a Good Festival
for Santas
B．Is Santa Claus Really Alive? C．A Christmas Story D．What Does Santa Claus Do for
Children?该类题常见的考查形式有：
A. The phrase “…”in the sentence could be replaced by ____.
B. The word “…” in the paragraph refers to ____.
C. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? / What does the unlined word mean?
D. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “…”?
E. The word “…” most nearly means ____.Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they’re being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.”
70. The underlined word “outcome” in the last paragraph most probably means .
A. value B. result
C. performance D. connection…Fermat’s Last Theorem（定理）, first put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientists who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. … 65. Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” as it is used in the text?
A. To encourage people to raise
questions.
B. To cause difficulty in understanding.
C. To provide a person with an
explanation.
D. To limit people’s imagination.A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle ; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.
…
74.What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean?
A. A party designed by specialists.
B. A plan requiring careful thought.
C. A situation causing difficulty or trouble.
D. A demand made by guests.
…Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. "We’ve collected foreign coins for years – since our families went on holiday to Tenerife." she explains. "That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in …
60. The underlined word "pesetas" in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _____. A. story B. collection
C. inspiration D. foreign coin Scientists grow large quantities of common mould so that they can get penicillin from it in order to make antibiotics, that is, substances that kill germs.I have found Lucy is quite generous, for example, whenever she meets a beggar, she gives some coins to him.William Shakespeare said, “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线), good and ill together. ’’
74.The underlined word "mingled" in the last paragraph most probably means________. A. simple B. mixed C. sad D. happy Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. I wish this medicine may really cure my backache. 如：though, although, still, but, yet, instead, instead of, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, unlike, rather than, for one thing, for another …Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.
Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow? …
60. The underlined word "cultivated" (paragraph 1) roughly means _______.
A. encouraged B. compared
C. examined D. developedHowever obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject.
…
71. In Paragraph 3, “take special pains” probably means “_____”. A. try very hard B. take our time C. are very unhappy D. feel especially painful Young Hoover died. Over a thousand people attended his funeral.All the houses in the city collapsed during the strong earthquake. …
“I was on the way to a personal-injury accident in West Nashville. As I got onto Highway 40, blue lights and sirens(警笛) going, I fell in behind a gold Pontiac Firebird that suddenly seemed to take off quickly down the highway. The driver somehow panicked at the sight of me. He was going more than a hundred miles an hour and began passing cars on the shoulder.”
63. The meaning of “panicked” in Paragraph 2 is related to ___________ .
A. shame B. hate C. anger D. fear 备考建议：“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”
“文章—题目—文章”
基本技巧：
⑴首先要认真审题。读懂题目所给信息，初步确定要点内容，并可用序号标出以免遗忘。
⑵列题纲使用要点条理化，序化，统筹安排布局。
⑶勿要直译，需意译。尤其对看图情景作文要构建完整故事结构，不可逐句罗列了事。
⑷要刻意把好语言关。要用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语，力求文理通顺，语言准确。没有把握的词句不要写，确有把握的可以锦上添花。⑸遇到一时想不起的词语，需变通。可以用同义近义词代替，也可以用否定词加反义词来表达，亦可变换句式。不可钻牛角尖，更不能生造词语，汉化表达。
⑹注意文章的长度。看具体内容而定，如果内容多，应多用复杂句式，如果内容不多，为了达到词的限数应多用简单句式，并适当增补合理内容。
⑺注意保持卷面整洁，书写工整清楚，书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。
⑻最后应注意复查全文。看内容要点有无遗漏，标点、格式、大小写是否规范，是否有语病等。 25 Tianshui Road
Lanzhou, China
January 3rd, 2003
208 Hope Road
Sydney, Australia
Dear Laura,
How are you getting on now?___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Zhou Lan NOTICE
In order to arouse the students’ interest in learning English, the Student Union has decided to set up an English Club with the help of the teachers of English.
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
November 9, 2004Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.
The Students’ Union is going to hold a party on Sunday evening, November 12th, to welcome our friends from the United States.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all . Thank you!Ladies and gentlemen/ Mr President/etc,
Welcome to-------
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.Dear friends,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Good luck to -----/ Goodbye, dear friends.1）以形式主语it引导的有关句型。
（1）“It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.”例如：
①It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.
“直到他回来我才睡觉”(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移及形式)。
②It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.
“只因为他有病了今天没有来上学”（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）
③It is I who am a student. “我确实是个学生”。（2）“It happened（chanced）that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth.
=sb.did sth. by chance.” 例如：
It happened that he was out when I got there.“当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在”
＝He happened to be out when I got there.
= It chanced that he was out when I got there
= He was out by chance when I got there. （3）“It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done
= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done”（还有动词appear可这样使用）例如：
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.“好像你以去过北京”
＝He seemed to have been Beijing before. （4）“It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它”
（注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气） 例如：
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。 （5）“It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句.” 例如：
It was said that he had read this novel.“据说他读过这篇小说”
＝He was said to have read this novel. （6）“It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.”
(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气) 例如：
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。 （7）“It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.”
(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略) 例如：
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film.
“他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜”（8）“It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.”
(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略) 例如：
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.“有人建议推迟会议”。（9）“It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句”
（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句） 例如：
It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调句型。) （10）“It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句”
（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句） 例如：
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States.
请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. （11）“It is well-known that＋从句” 例如：
It is well-known that she is a learned woman.“众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女”。（12）“It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did.” // “It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done.” 例如：
①It is five years since he left here.“他已经离开这儿五年了”。
②It was five years since he had left here.（同上） （14）“It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语”（before引导的是时间状语从句） 例如：
①It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.“没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了”
②It will be three hours before he comes back.“三个小时之后他才能回来”（15）“It is +形容词＋for+ sb.+ to do.” 例如：
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.“我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的”（16）“It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. +to do.”
= “主语+ be +形容词＋to do.”(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等) 例如：
It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.“你真好给我提供了帮助”（1）由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如：
As we have known, he is a most good student.“众所周知，他是个很好的学生”
请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句）（2）由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如：
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
“他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业”（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。（注意：关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。） （3）由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的） 例如：
①This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to.
②This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
[说明]：关于that与which之间的区别，请看语法中的定语从句。 3）让步状语从句中的有关句型：
“No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose＋从句，＋主句”
（注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态） 例如：No matter what you do, you must do it well.
请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. “无论你做什么，一定要做好”No matter where you go, please let me know.
请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.“你无论去哪儿，请通知我”
[说明]：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。
注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替，因为它既作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。 4）条件状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句”（从句也可以放在主句之后）例如：
①As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.“只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走”
②Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. “一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好”（2）“主句＋on condition that+从句” 例如：
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.“我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱”
（3）“主句＋unless+从句.”(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定) 例如：
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.“我明天去那儿除非下雨”（4）“祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句”（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语） 例如：
①Use your head, and you will find a good idea.“动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意”
②Another word, and I will beat you.“你再说一句，我就揍你”
（5）“If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句” 例如：
If necessary, I will do it. “如果有必要的话，我来做此事。”5）原因状语从句的有关句型
（1）“主句＋in case+从句”（in case表示以免） 例如：
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.
我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
（2）“主句＋due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句” 例如：
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.
“由于他有病了，所以没有来上学”6）时间状语从句中的有关句型
（1）“When / While / As +从句，＋主句”（关于它们之间的区别请看语法） 例如：
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.“当我在农村时，我常常给你打水”（2）“主句＋after / before +从句.” 例如：
①They hadn’t been married four months before they were devoiced.“他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了”
②We went home after we had finished the work.“我们做完此工作就回家了”（3）“主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句（或时间）” // “主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句”
例如：
①I worked until he came back.“我一直工作到他回来”
②I didn’t worked until he came back.“他回来我才开始工作”（4）“As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句.” 例如：
My father went out immediately I got home.“我一到家，我父亲就出去了”（5）“No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did.” // “主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did.” 例如：
①No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.“我一到北京就给你打电话了”
②I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. （同上）（6）“Hardly +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.”
// “主语＋had +hardly + done…when / before +主语＋did.” 例如：
①Hardly had she had supper when she went out. “她一吃完晚饭就出去了”
②She had hardly had supper when she went out. （同上）（7）“By the time+从句，＋主句.”（注意时态的变化） 例如：
①By the time you came back, I had finished this book.“到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书”
②By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.“到你回来时，我将写完这本书”（8）“each / every time +从句，＋主句.”
(这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后) 例如：
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.“每当他来哈尔滨，总是随便来看看我”7）地点状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“Where +从句，＋主句.” 例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.“哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的”
（2）“Anywhere / wherever+从句，＋主句.” 例如：
①Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.
“无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿”
②I will go wherever you suggest.
“你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿 ”8）目的状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“主句＋in order that / so that +从句.” 例如：
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.“我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车”
（2）“主句＋for+sb. +to do.”（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语） 例如：
He came here for me to work out this problem.“他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题 ”9）结果状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“主句＋so that+从句.” 例如：
It was very cold, so that the river froze.
“天气很泠，因此河水结冰了”
（2）“So+形容词/ 副词＋特定动词＋主语＋…＋that+从句.” 例如：
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.
“这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍”（3）“主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.” 例如：
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.“他进步很快，老师表扬了他”
（4）“Such was + 主语＋that +从句.”(这是个完全倒装句) 例如：
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.“爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了”10）比较状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“The +形容词比较级……，（主句）the +形容词比较级＋……” 例如：
The sooner you do it, the better it will be.“越早越好”
（2）“主语＋谓语＋as +形容词原级＋as +被比较的对象.” 例如：
He is as busy as a bee.“他非常忙”（3）“主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of / between …” 例如：
He is the taller of the two.“他们俩人中他高”
（4）“主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.” 例如：
This room is three times as large as that one.“这个房间是那个房间的三倍大”（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。） （5）“主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.” 例如：
①This city is twice larger than ours.“这个城市比我们城市大两倍”
②The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.
“那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍”
（6）“主语＋谓语＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.” 例如：
Our building is twice the height of yours.“我们的大楼比你们的高两倍”11）其它句型
（1）“It doesn’t matter wh-+从句” 例如：
①It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.“你明天做什么与我无关”
②It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.“你来不来无关紧要”（2）“形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语＋谓语，＋主句.” 例如：
①Young as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他很小，但他知道得很多”
②Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.“虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格”
③Child as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多”（3）“Were / Should / Had +主语＋谓语，＋主句.” 例如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.“如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了”
（4）“Only +状语＋特定动词＋主语＋谓语…” 例如：
①Only by this means can I do this work well.“只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作”
②Only because he was ill did he not come to school.“只因为他有病了才没有来上学”
③Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.“只有那时，我才认识到我错了”（5）“Not only +特定动词＋主语＋谓语…but also+主语＋谓语…” 例如：
Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well.
“他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利”
（6）whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…
（7）“主语＋doubt＋whether + 从句.”// “主语＋特定否定词＋doubt＋that＋从句.”
例如： I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.“我确信他下午一定能来”平时学生书面表达中常见的错误类型分析⑴格式错误
有的考生不能正确地运用书信或日记的格式。
A)书信常有五部分：
①信头:右上角写上收信人的地址和写信日期;
②称谓;
③正文;
④结束语, 常用的有Yours sincerely/Yours truly/Yours faithfully…;
⑤签名。
B)日记格式：顶格写上月、日、年和星期，右边写上天气情况。⑵词序错误 ①并列的人称代词做主语时，I没有放在最后。例如：
I, you and he are all League members. ②没弄清英语中真正的主语。例如：Without a friend will feel lonely. ③修饰语错位。例如：
He very likes dancing. ⑶时态错误
动词时态的错误是高考英语书面表达中最常见的错误之一,也是考生运用语言的能力差的显著标志之一。如2002关于公园收不收门票的讨论的介绍，陈述讨论的语句通常用一般现在时：Sixty of the students of our school think it is unnecessary to charge an entrance fee. They think that……不少考生表达为Some people thought that……⑷句子不完整
在口语中，交际双方可借助手势、语气等来理解不完整的句子，可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，又想加些补充说明时发生．例如： There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .应改为：There are many ways to know society, for example, by TV ,radio ,and newspaper.⑸内容表达错误
这种错误一般说来是审题不清所致。如2003年的书面表达，正确内容是：I've found a flat for you. It's a small one of 25 square meters with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. The house is near No 11 bus stop on Fang Cao Street and the school is at the next stop.有不少考生表达为:“I've found a flat of 25 square kilometers. It's in No.11 Fang Cao Street.”⑹句子与句子之间缺少衔接造成意思过渡不平稳
例如：把He worked hard. He failed the exam.改为He worked hard. However, he failed the exam.就比较好。
⑺习惯用语使用错误
如:将 to my surprise 表达为 to my surprised;将in my spare time 表达成 at my spare time; 将He didn’t lose heart though he failed.表达为He didn’t lose his heart though he failed.⑻没有利用恰当的代词，给人于重复的感觉
例如：把My father is a worker. My father works in a big company. 改为My father is a worker. He works in a big company. 就比较好。⑼单词运用错误
写作中常见考生因分不清单词的词性而产生错误。大致有：
a.将vi.用成vt.如:come the city/return the place
b.将adj.用成vt.如:Please present on time. Don't absent!
c.将u.n.用成c.n.如:a good news/many informations
d.将adj./adv.使用错误.如:in the recently years/study hardly;e.将prep.用成v.如:Many overpasses arounded the city. The road throughed the city.
f.将名词的单/复数使用不当。如：There are lots of high building. // Most of the people have private car. 句中building应改为buildings；句中car应改为cars。
g.句子的主谓不一致:如:A large number of beautiful buildings has been built. 句中has应改正为have。
h.常用词拼写错误:如:beautiful写成beautful; believe写成belive; money写成moneny…
i.在叙事文中通常会运用一般过去时态,所以就出现了动词的过去式,尤其是不规则动词的过去式的拼写错误很普遍的现象。如：visitted/ hurted/ writed/…..j.不定冠词的使用错误:如:send a e-mail to you(an)/ Even a overpass has been built…(an)/ He graduated from an university.(a)
k.虚词错误：①冠词的漏用和误用, 如：My father is worker. ②缺必要的连结词或连结词多余, 如：He likes swimming, I like climbing. ⑽不间断句子，即几个句子连在一起，看起来似乎是一个句子
例如：There are many ways we get to know the outside world.应改为：There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.或 There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world. 第五档（很好）：“覆盖所有主要内容；应用了较多的语法结构和词汇；语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑；达到了预期的写作目的。” ⒈学会使用较高级的词汇
⑴Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.
Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.
⑵We all think he is a great man.
think highly of him.
⑶Suddenly I thought out a good
idea. …came upon …
A good idea occurred to me. /A good idea suddenly struck me.⑷The students there needn’t pay for their books.
Books are free for the students there.
⑸As a result the plan was a failure.
The plan turned out (to be) a failure.
⑹When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.
At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.⑺She went to Austria in order to study music.
She went to Austria for/with the purpose of studying music.
⑻When he spoke, he felt more and more excited.
The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.
⑼In our school, there are twenty–six classrooms.
Our school is made up of twenty–six classrooms./Twenty–six classrooms make up our school.
⑽You can find my house easily.
You’ll have no trouble/difficulty finding my house.⒉学会使用较丰富的句式
⑴When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（使用V-ing形式）
→On his arriving/ arrival, please give me an e-mail.
⑵To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词性从句）
→What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.
(That the littler girl knows so many things surprises him.／It surprises him that the littler girl knows so many things .)⑶Though I’m weak, I’ll make the effort. (使用倒装句)
→Weak as I am, I’ll make the effort.
⑷He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型 ①.It was… ②.not until…)
→①It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.
→②Not until he had read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened. ⑸I passed the physics exam because of your help.（使用虚拟语气）
→①I could not have passed the physics exam but for your help.
→②If you had not helped me, I could not have passed the physics exam.
⑹She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (用过去分词)
→Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.⑺They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式)
→Singing and laughing, they went back to school.
⑻I won’t believe what he says. （使用状语从句）
→No matter what he says, I won’t believe.⑼If you study hard, you will make rapid progress. （使用并列句）
→Study hard and you’ll make rapid progress.
⑽He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (使用倒装句)
→No sooner had he come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad.①On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library.
②As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.
③What’s more, I can go to bed earlier. 联合国教科文组织某考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是接待人员，请根据下列提示以发言稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况：
大小：近100户人家，约500口人。
变化：过去很穷，78年后变化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。现已旧貌换新颜。
教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄儿童在此免费就读。
注意：（1）要点齐全，前后连贯。（2）词数：100－120之间。①100 families and 500 people/
②used to be very poor/ change a lot/ richer than before/ take on a new look
③was very small/ have been rebuilt
④newly-built/have 4 storeys/ most beautiful building
⑤school-age children/ enjoy free educationLadies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our village! ①This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 50
第二; 要重温高考大纲和往年的高考题
第三; 突出重点知识
第四; 针对训练，规范答题
第五; 听的练习要持之以恒 书写清楚整齐
卷面整洁卫生
字迹端庄秀丽
限定时间答题 重知求能，查漏补缺 听力测试部分1）理解主旨和大意。
2）获取事实性的具体信息，如
时间、地点、人物等。
3）简单推断谈话背景、人物关
系等。
4）理解说话人的意图、观点或态
度。
what(主旨或内容) who（关系或身份）,
when（时间） where（地点）,
why（原因） how（方式）,
what time（具体时间） how many（数）,
how much（量） how long（长短）,
how old（年龄） how soon（多久）,
how often（频率） 餐馆（restaurant）用语：menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger,
sandwich, soup, dish, beer, food, soft drink等;
医院（hospital）用语:take medicine, temperature, pill ,
headache, running a fever, blood pressure 等;
宾馆（hotel）用语:luggage, single room, double room.,
room number 等;
邮局（post office）用语: mail, post, deliver, stamp,
envelope, telegram等;
机场（airport）用语:flight, take off, land, luggage, boarding,
meet sb. 等;
车站（railway station）用语: round trip, single trip, sleeping
car, meet sb.等；
商店（shop）用语: on sale, size, color, price, change等；
学校（school）用语: professor, exam, course, dining hall,
playground 等。
飞机上(on a plane) flight, landing card,（一）调节情绪，保持良好的心理状态
（二）读题预览预测，变被动为主动
（三）抓大放小，紧盯关键词句
（四）顾全整体，运用概括分析跳越障碍
（五）眼明手快，各器官协调并用 预览
1)试卷分发后填涂完姓名及准考证号之后的剩余时间；
2)播放试音小乐曲及试音材料时；
3)介绍第一节试题做法的时间；
4)每段对话或独白播放前的5秒钟时间。预测 1) 听前预测
A 根据题目中的语言信息预测
B 抓住关键词预测
2) 听中预测
A 根据关联词预测
B 根据信号词预测 一是能力因素
二是心理因素 ★ 单项填空部分一、知识点涉及面广；
二、动词（短语）的考查是主旋律；
三、知识考点语境化；
四、不谋而合的相同考点；
五、承传“旧”题谱新篇。reach, miss, lose 及catch
damage, hurt, hit 及 strike
forbid, allow, follow 及ask
load, hold, fill 及support
come， grow, go, 及get
make, turn, grow,及get
go、 tell、 write、 say
leave、 remain、 delay、 desert
vary、 decorate、form、 describe
relieve、reflect、 respond、recover
grow, develop, increase、 raise get along, come on, watch out及set off
refer to, speak of, focus on 及come to
look up, take down, work out及bring out
see through, work out, look into, watch over turn up, go back, die down, blow out
come down, take down, turn over, go over
get down, get through, give in, give away turn to, turn on , turn off, turn over
come up, come out, come about, come over
call on, call up, call for, call in
break down, break up, break in 和break out break out, get out, put out , come out
turn up, make up , fix up, set up
take up, save up, keep up, draw up
pick out, make out, pick up及 make up Finding information in today’s world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.
A. ability B. competition
C. challenge D. knowledgeTo make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.
A. strengths B. benefits
C. techniques D. valuesI?____ in London for many years，but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. was living
C. have lived?????? D. had livedI was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I __________to half a dozen other groups.
A. was giving B. am giving
C. had given D. have given—It’s been raining for a whole week. I think it’ll get fine soon.
— . We are getting into the rainy season now．
A．Yes, it will B．Of course not C．It’s possible D．It’s hard to say--- Andrew won't like it, you know.
--- ? I don't care what Andrew thinks!
A. So what B. So where
C. So why D. So howA man cannot smile like a child, _______ a child smiles with is eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but
C. and D. forHe found it increasingly difficult to read, _______ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. and B. for
C. but D. orSee the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning.
A. when B. which
C. where D. what makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. What B. Who
C. Whatever D. Whoever--- Could you do me a favour?
--- It depends on ______ it is.
A. which B. whichever
C. what D. whateverThis new model of car is so expensive that it is _______ the reach of those with average income.
A. over B. within
C. beyond D. below---Can he take charge of the computer company? ---I’m afraid it’s?____ his ability. ??? A. beyond? B. within?
C. of? D. toSorry. Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s ______ the visiting hours. A. during B. at
C. beyond D. beforeIt’s quite me why such things have been allowed to happen.
A．for B．behind C．against D．beyondI’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it
C. this D. you I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that
C. these D. themI would appreciate it _____ you call back this afternoon for the doctor's appointment．
A．until B．if
C．when D．that He hurried to the booking office only______ that all the tickets had been sold out.
A. to tell B. to be told
C. telling D. toldThe news reporters hurried to the airport, only________ the film stars had left.
A．to tell B．to be told
C．telling D．toldHe hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.
A. to find B. finding
C. found D. to have foundI was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most _____were from Germany.
A. study; of whom
B. study; of them
C. studying; of them
D. studying; of whomI was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which
C. that D. whichThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abroad .
A．of which B．which of
C．of them D．of that I have many friends, ____ some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which
C. of them D. of whom1. Which do you enjoy_______ your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park?
A. spending B. to spend
C. having spent D. to have spent ——English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—Yes, _______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004上海卷）
A. Know B. Knowing
C. To know D. KnownThe day we had been looking forward to ___ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. to come .– It’s getting late. I'm afraid I must be going now.
-- OK. ______ .（2004全国卷）
Ａ．Take it easy B. Go slowly
C. Stay longer D. See youMr. Smith used to smoke_____ but he has given it up . (2004天津卷)
A. seriously B. heavily
C. badly D. hardly---What’s made Tommy so upset?
---I believe ____the game. It shocked him so much.
A. for losing B. lost
C. losing D. because of losing Few pleasures can equal＿＿of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any
C. that D. those--You haven't been to Beijing, have you?
--_____.How I wish to go there!
A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haven't
C. No, I have D. No, I haven't—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow．
—_____ ．
A．I don't B．I won't
C．I cannot D．I haven't The films made by Disney ______?all over the world.
A．are used to show
B．are used to showing
C．used to be shown
D．used to show The price＿＿, but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A. went down
B. will go down
C. has gone down
D. was going downGeorge Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （2004北京第26题）
A. the real name
B. what his real name
C. his real name
D. whose real name ___________some of this juice——perhaps you’ll like it. （00年北京春季第23题）
A. Trying B. Try
C. To try D. Have triedThe largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of ____ over 600 years old.
A. them B. which C. it D. that---- You haven't lost the ticket, have you?
---- ______. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment. （04江苏）
A．I hope not B. Yes, I have
C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid soEveryone was on time for the meeting -- Chris, who's usually ten minutes late for everything.
A. but B. only
C. even D. yetWe're going to ______ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us?
（04北京春季）
A. get in B. get over
C. get along D. get together---I can't find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
---It was in the hotel ______ he stayed.
A. where B. which
C. the one D. that—Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident?
—No, _____ only the two passengers who got hurt.
A. it was B. there was
C. there were D. there had_______, tears came to his eyes.
A. Reading the letter
B. He was reading the letter
C. When he was reading the letter
D. The letter was being readI’m sorry I can’t help _____ the floor of the classroom.
A. sweeping B. swept
C. to sweep D. to sweeping That was ＿＿＿＿we had in London 3 years ago!
A． wonderful time
B． a wonderful time
C． wonderful
D． wonderfully.I am sorry for the trouble I have put you ＿ the problem.
A. to solve B. of solving
C. to of solving D. to have solved问是否介意及回答，of course/ certainly not; Not at all; I’m afraid you’d better not; I’m afraid you can’t; I’d rather you didn’t actually
介绍及回答, This is …; I’m glad/ pleased to meet/ see you; Glad/ Nice to meet you
表扬及回答, Thank you/ Thanks; It’s very kind of you to say so; I’m glad you enjoy it.
道歉及回答, Never mind; That’s all right.
求助及回答, I’d love/ like to; With pleasure; Help yourself, please; Go ahead, please; I’d like to, but I’m busy now.
主动帮助及回答, It’s all right. Thanks; That’s very nice of you.; No, thank you all the same/ just the same.
成功表达及回答, I’m glad to hear that; Congratulations. —Hi, haven’t seen you for ages. You look fine. —＿＿＿＿. You look well?too.?NMET1994?
A. Great B. Thanks
C. Oh, no D. Not at all－I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
－_____, we’re too busy.
A. Don’t worry? ? ?
B. Don’t mention it??
C. Forget it?? ?
D. Pardon me —Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide? —Of course. _______ sir. (2004年全国卷II 21题) ?
?A. Make yourself at home ?
B. Enjoy yourself ??
C. It doesn't matter ??
D. Take your time--- I had a really good weekend at my uncle’s.
--- _____________.
A. Oh, that’s very nice of you
B. Congratulations
C. Really
D. Oh, I am glad to hear that单项选择复习建议熟练掌握高中英语新课程标准词汇及用法，其中要掌握词性及其固定的搭配（基本要求）
对于重要句型的把握 （重点61个）
注意一词多义 （重点）(cover, run, reach, play, stand, beat, spare)
固定搭配 （常考动词15个：take, get, bring, ask, catch, put, come, give, keep, make, break, hold, look, go, turn）be＋of＋抽象名词
the＋形容词／副词比较级，the ＋形容词／副词比较级
not ／no ／never ／nothing ＋比较级
比较级＋than any other ＋单数可数名词
the＋比较级＋of．．．
as＋形容词／副词原级＋（a ／an）＋名词＋as
as＋形容词／副词原级＋as，比较级＋than
the same ＋名词＋as
倍数＋比较级＋than．．．，倍数＋as＋原级＋as．．．，倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of．．．
10. no longer．．．／not．．．any longer11. ．．．形容词／副词＋enough to do sth．
12. （much）too．．．to do sth．
13. ．．．where．．．
14. How soon．．．
15. There be．．．
16. In case．．．
17. keep ／prevent／stop sb．（sth．）from doing（being done）
18. have ／keep ／make ／get／drive ／send／set／ leave sb．（sth．）＋宾补
19．have sth．done
20．make oneself done21．used to do sth．
22．warn sb．（not）to do ／against doing sth．
23．spend ／waste time in doing sth．
24．can't help doing sth．
25．sb．would（should）like（love）to do sth．
26．Given．．．
27．情态动词＋（not）have ＋过去分词
28．so that．．．
29．such．．．that．．．
30．．．．till／until．．．31．．．．the first time．．．
32．．．．before．．．
33．It＋be＋一段时间＋since从句
34．It is ／was the first／last／second ／third time ＋从句
35．As is known to all．．．
36．no matter ＋特殊疑问词
37．What ＋（a／an＋adj．）＋名词／How＋adj．／adv．＋主语＋谓语
38．It．．．that ／what ／whether ／how／when．．．主语从句或to do sth．／ doing sth．
39．think ／make ／find ／feel／keep＋it＋宾补．．．
40．It is ／was ＋被强调部分＋that（who）．．．41．Only ＋副词／介词短语／状语从句……
42．Never ／Little ／Not a ／Hardly ／In no time ／In no way ／In no case ／Seldom ／Scarcely ／Barely ／Rarely ／Nowhere／By no means ＋be ／助动词／情态动词＋主语＋谓语 43．So＋adj．＋be／助动词／情态动词＋主语 (倒装)
44．adj．／adv．／n．＋as／though/ that ＋主语＋谓语．．．
45．No sooner．．．than ／Hardly（Scarcely）．．．when（before）
46．not only．．．but（also）．．．
47．Neither ／Nor ＋be ／助动词／情态动词＋主语
48．So＋be／助动词／情态动词＋主语与So＋主语＋be／助动词／情态动词
49．．．．do you think．．．？ 50．It is said ／reported ／thought／believed ／announced that．．．51．This is ．．．speaking．
52．do nothing but do sth./ cannot but do/ cannot help but do/ cannot choose but do../ have no choice but to do…
53．'d like to，'d love to，be going to， mean to，ought to，try to，plan to，be glad to，be happy to
54．I'm sorry，but．．．
55．Why not ＋动词原形？
56．Do ／Would you mind．．．？
57．How ／What about．．．？
58．That ／It be ＋adj．of sb．to do sth．
59．prefer to do sth．rather than do sth．
60．would rather do sth．
61．I believe so，I believe not，I don't believe so★完形填空部分1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____.
A. comes off B. turns up
C. pays off D. holds up 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. A. shifting B. transferring
C. altering D. transforming With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flying into space and returning many times.
A. capable B. suitable
C. efficient D. fit Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. A. that B. it C. so D. this Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. A. nevertheless B. therefore
C. moreover D. meanwhile 1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very＿＿＿＿＿.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerousMrs O’Neill asked＿＿＿＿＿questions and she didn’t scold us either.
A. no B. certain C. many D. moreWashoe is a young chimpanzee(黑猩猩). She is no 41 chimpanzee, though. Scientists are doing a research 42 her . They want to see how civilized she can 43 . Already she does many things a human being can do.Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __21__. As was discussed before, it was not __22__ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic __23__. 21. A. between B. before C. since D. later 22. A. after B. by C. during D. until 23. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to 30
A. check B. read C. keep D. sign★阅读理解部分阅读理解主要考查形式主要有四大类：
1．细节理解题
2．推理判断题
3．主旨大意题
4．词义猜测题 I.细节理解题解题技能
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以是非题的形式。true /false, not true / false或EXCEPT；
3. 以According to… 开头提问方式；
4. 以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised .
（2）By the first sentence of the passage the author means that .
（3）It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on .
（4）If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit .
（5）The policemen were told “to look the other way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) so that .
（6）The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to . 等等
5. 就文中数字、排序、识图等提问 干扰项有如下几个特点 （1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；
（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；
（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有
些变动；
（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。 … …
Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. … …
“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, Research Director of the project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills.”
… … ●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.
Now you need never get lost again!65. Scientists believe that_______.
A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.
B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow older
C. people never lose their sense of direction
D. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?
A. They never have a sense of direction without maps
B. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction
C. They have a sense of direction and can find their way around
D. They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.
68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.
A. ask policemen for directions.
B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourself
C. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs
D. count the number of landmarks that you see
Tuition Fees (学费) Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui @ waikato．ac．nz. Accommodation (住宿) You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: acc@ waikato．ac．nz69. You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250
B. $8,000
C. $9,000
D. $11,000People can use a home computer to make their shopping lists. Once at the store, a shopper can use a preferred customer card to start a system (系统) that will organize the trip around the store. If you're looking for toothpicks, you type in the word or pick it from a list, and a map will appear on the screen showing where you are and where you can find them. 54. Which of the following is the correct order of shopping with the computerized shopping carts?
a. Start the system.
b. Make a shopping list.
c. Find the things you want.
d. Go to a self-checkout stand.
A. abdc B. bacd
C. acbd D. bcadTel. =telephone number
Ph. =phone Add (r). =address
Co. =company Ltd=Limited
Max=maximum Min=minimum
hr=hour t=time
fig=figure ft=foot
ml=mile doz=dozen
Mt=Mountain P=page
prof. =professor Dr. =doctors=south n=north
w=west Sta=Station
pop=popular vs=versus
Xmas=Christmas info=information
VIP=very important persons hrs=hours
aft=after ad=advertisement
p/t=part time exp=experienced
PC=personal computer MA=Master of Arts
BS degree=bachelor's degree (学士学位)Welcome to Adventureland!
The Travel Pavilion
……
Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.
……
The Future Tower
This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then. Spend some time in our space station climb into our simulator (模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!The Nature Park
…
The Pyramid
This is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping centre. Come here for information and ideas too.63. The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors ________.
A. realize the importance of traveling
B. become familiar with mountain countries
C. learn how to make things such as fishing nets
D. learn something about different places in the world64. If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit _____________.
A. the Travel Pavilion
B. the Future Tower
C. the Safari Park
D. the Pyramid
65. If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go?
A. The Pyramid
B. The Nature Park.
C. The Future Tower
D. The Travel Pavilion
When Lewis and Clark stepped onto the Weippe Prairie in present-day Idaho in September 1805, they met the Nez Perce Indians. In the following years, the white explorers（探险者）began to fight with the Indians for their land. Some Nez Perce chiefs signed agreements with the U.S. government, selling part of their lands. But the government always broke those agreements and demanded more land.
Other chiefs refused to go along with the government’s plans. The most famous was Chief Joseph, whose people lived in the Wallowa Valley（present-day Oregon）. “In order to have all people understand how much land we owned, ”he once explained, “my father planted poles around it and said: ‘Inside is the home of my people…It circled around the graves（坟墓）of our fathers, and we will never give up these graves to any man. ’”
But in 1874, the U.S. government declared the valley open for white settlement and ordered the Nez Perce onto a reservation（保留地）. Seeing that resistance was useless, Chief Joseph agreed to move.
Later, fighting broke out between the Nez Perce and U.S. soldiers. Chief Joseph tried to lead his people to Canada, winning several battles against the soldiers during their flight. But finally, he was forced to give in. 56. Which historic site （on the map）lies in the south of today’s Nez Perce Reservation?
A. Buffalo Eddy. B. Dug Bar.
C. Joseph Canyon Viewpoint. D. Chief Looking Glass Camp.
57. What can we learn about the Nez Perce lands from the map?
A. They were in the state of Oregon.
B. They have become a historic site.
C. They have become much smaller.
D. They were limited to the Wallowa Valley. The above chart shows Japanese direct investment in Asian countries or areas (A、B、C、D, and E) from 1951 till 2003. The value of Japanese investment in manufacturing was roughly the same in Hong Kong and in the mainland of China, but in commerce and services Hong Kong was over China by seventy billion. In resources development, Japan didn’t show interest in Singapore and even smaller attention was paid to Taiwan, which received exactly one third as much money as Singapore. In total, the biggest investment by Japan was made in Indonesia.1.We learn from the passage that the “A” in the chart stands for _____.
A. China B. Singapore
C. Indonesia D. Hong Kong
2.In total, Japan invested about 70 billion dollars more in Hong Kong than in ____.
A. Singapore B. Indonesia C. Taiwan D. China
3.Japanese investment in resources development in Singapore was _____times that in Taiwan.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
4.In manufacturing, Indonesia ranked ________.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
5.According to the chart, we know _______ attracted Japan most.
A. manufacturing B. resources development
C. commerce and services D. othersThe theory is supported by the facts that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. Also, the amount of money demanded-under 3,000 Taiwanese dollars –seems too little for a car worth many times more.
Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do, ” he said.
52. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to . A. criminals B. pigeons
C. the stolen cars D. demands for money (1) From paragraph 4 we can infer that . / What can be inferred from the passage? / From the last paragraph we can infer that .
(2) We can infer from the text that…/ What can we learn from…? / We can conclude from the passage that…
(3) The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that .
(4) The author implies that by the year 2050, . (5) To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should .
(6) The author mentions the fact that…to show .
(7) This passage would most likely be found in _________?
(8) The author’s attitude toward …is _________?
a) 首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
b) 要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。c) 要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。
d) 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。
e) 在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章 MONTREAL (Reuters) – Crossing the US-Canada border(边界) to go to church on a Sunday cost a US citizen $ 10,000 for breaking Washington’s strict new security(安全) rules.
The expensive trip to church was a surprise for Richard Albert, who lives right on the Canadian border. Like the other half-dozen people of Township 15, crossing the border is a daily occurrence for Albert. The nearby Quebec village of St. Pamphile is where they shop, eat and go to church.
… 59. We learn from the text that Richard Albert is _______.
A. an American living in Township 15??
B. a Canadian living in a Quebec village
C. a Canadian working in a customs station
D. an American working in a Canadian church60. Albert was fined because he ________
A. failed to obey traffic rules.
B. broke the American security rules.
C. worked in St. Pamphile without a pass.
D. damaged the gate of the customs office.How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful?
…
The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise ... and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.64. How would the author describe the animals’ life in zoos?
A. Dangerous. B. Unhappy.
C. Natural. D. Easy. Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory. … 59. How does the writer explain birds’ singing? A. By comparing birds with human beings. B. By reporting experiment results. C. By describing birds’ daily life. D. By telling a bird’s story.In 1837, the historian Carlyle made the first recorded use of the word " queue" (排队). He spoke of the French and their "habit of standing in a queue". Forty years later Paris was the best place to wait in line. However, queuing became popular in Britain too. The Second World War was the golden age of queuing, and people joined any line in the hope that it was a queue for something to buy. This was the source of many Second World War jokes:
Shopkeeper to customer: Excuse me, miss, are you pregnant (怀孕)?Customer: Well, I wasn’t when I joined the queue.
Today, according to research in America, we (in Britain) can spend up to 5 years of our lives queuing - as compared to twelve months looking for things we have lost. But things may be changing.
…
But some people just like queuing. One man queued all night for Harrods famous January sale, and then returned home for breakfast at nine o’ clock the next morning without going into the shop.71. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. queue management doesn’t work well B. there is still queuing in England C. we don’t see much queuing in Paris D. the French like queuing more than the British常见的与预测相关的问题主要有：
What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?
What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?
What would… do in the end?Giving Back
Fair Way
The Westborough High School golf team had taken the official photos with the state prize. The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. And then Westborough instructor Greg Rota noticed something wrong on one of the score cards. A 9 had been recorded as a 7. They were not the state prize winner; Woburn High had won. “ No one would have known, “ said Woburn’s instructor, Bob Doran. For Rota, it wasn’t a difficult decision: “The prize wasn’t ours to take.” 60. What did Greg Rota probably do in the end?
A. Took photos of Doran.
B. Had a meeting with Doran.
C. Returned the prize to the organizer.
D. Apologized to Woburn High School.
61. Greg Rota’s decision shows that he was .
A. honest B. polite
C. careful D. friendly 在高考阅读理解中，针对短文主旨常见的命题形式如下：
(1). What would be the best title for the text? /What is the topic of the text?
(2). The main topic / subject of the passage is _________.
(3). The main idea/ The general idea is/ The main theme of this passage is…
(4). The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on _________.
(5). What is mainly discussed in the text?(6). What is the main idea of the passage?
(7) What’s the main point the writer is
trying to make in the last paragraph?
(8) The purpose of this passage is .
(9). Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?
(10) Which of the following best summarized the passage?
(11) The passage mainly focuses on .
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
… 71. What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B. Opinions about competition are different among people.
C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D. Failures are necessary experience in competition. On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. What’s more, we can go to school on the net, read a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Keep away from the Internet.
B. Surf the net.
C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life.
D. We can entertain ourselves on the Internet.Lacrosse (曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World.
People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal. The goal is a net. There are ten players on each team. Each player has a stick called “ cross”. The player hit a ball into the net as many times as possible. Lacrosse is a very fast game because the players can catch and pass the ball at a high speed with their sticks. Players often get great fun it playing lacrosse. There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio.
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians.
1.The passage is mainly about .
A. How to Play Lacrosse
B. Lacrosse in Canada
C. The History of Lacrosse
D. Lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals.
During the opening ceremonies, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.67. This passage mainly tells readers_______.
A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara Festival
B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival
C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival
D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara FestivalHandshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.65. The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.
A. where handshaking was first practised
B. how handshaking came about
C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China 首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。
要避免下列三种情况：
①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体， 从而导致范围太小）；
②过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；
③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意.其次，要考虑标题的针对性，
再次要注意标题的醒目性，
最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法
一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组 比如某一文章的中心句为：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names on Thursday Nov. 18th 2004 in Beijing.话题：Stamps
控制性概念：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names
标题：China issued 1st set of stamps on family namesHe wishes the holiday season would end already. His back aches, his red suit feels like a spacesuit, his cheeks have gone tight from smiling for 12 hours …
The questions from children these days are harder than ever. Now, with thousands of children expecting a father or mother serving in Iraq or Afghanistan, the questions are as heart-breaking as they are unanswerable. For example, “Can you please bring Daddy home from the war in time for Christmas morning?”
Santas also have a pretty good chance of getting sued (指控)…59．What would be the best title for
the passage? A．Christmas: Not a Good Festival
for Santas
B．Is Santa Claus Really Alive? C．A Christmas Story D．What Does Santa Claus Do for
Children?该类题常见的考查形式有：
A. The phrase “…”in the sentence could be replaced by ____.
B. The word “…” in the paragraph refers to ____.
C. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? / What does the unlined word mean?
D. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “…”?
E. The word “…” most nearly means ____.Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they’re being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.”
70. The underlined word “outcome” in the last paragraph most probably means .
A. value B. result
C. performance D. connection…Fermat’s Last Theorem（定理）, first put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientists who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. … 65. Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” as it is used in the text?
A. To encourage people to raise
questions.
B. To cause difficulty in understanding.
C. To provide a person with an
explanation.
D. To limit people’s imagination.A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle ; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.
…
74.What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean?
A. A party designed by specialists.
B. A plan requiring careful thought.
C. A situation causing difficulty or trouble.
D. A demand made by guests.
…Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. "We’ve collected foreign coins for years – since our families went on holiday to Tenerife." she explains. "That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in …
60. The underlined word "pesetas" in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _____. A. story B. collection
C. inspiration D. foreign coin Scientists grow large quantities of common mould so that they can get penicillin from it in order to make antibiotics, that is, substances that kill germs.I have found Lucy is quite generous, for example, whenever she meets a beggar, she gives some coins to him.William Shakespeare said, “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线), good and ill together. ’’
74.The underlined word "mingled" in the last paragraph most probably means________. A. simple B. mixed C. sad D. happy Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. I wish this medicine may really cure my backache. 如：though, although, still, but, yet, instead, instead of, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, unlike, rather than, for one thing, for another …Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.
Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow? …
60. The underlined word "cultivated" (paragraph 1) roughly means _______.
A. encouraged B. compared
C. examined D. developedHowever obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject.
…
71. In Paragraph 3, “take special pains” probably means “_____”. A. try very hard B. take our time C. are very unhappy D. feel especially painful Young Hoover died. Over a thousand people attended his funeral.All the houses in the city collapsed during the strong earthquake. …
“I was on the way to a personal-injury accident in West Nashville. As I got onto Highway 40, blue lights and sirens(警笛) going, I fell in behind a gold Pontiac Firebird that suddenly seemed to take off quickly down the highway. The driver somehow panicked at the sight of me. He was going more than a hundred miles an hour and began passing cars on the shoulder.”
63. The meaning of “panicked” in Paragraph 2 is related to ___________ .
A. shame B. hate C. anger D. fear 备考建议：“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”
“文章—题目—文章”
基本技巧：
⑴首先要认真审题。读懂题目所给信息，初步确定要点内容，并可用序号标出以免遗忘。
⑵列题纲使用要点条理化，序化，统筹安排布局。
⑶勿要直译，需意译。尤其对看图情景作文要构建完整故事结构，不可逐句罗列了事。
⑷要刻意把好语言关。要用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语，力求文理通顺，语言准确。没有把握的词句不要写，确有把握的可以锦上添花。⑸遇到一时想不起的词语，需变通。可以用同义近义词代替，也可以用否定词加反义词来表达，亦可变换句式。不可钻牛角尖，更不能生造词语，汉化表达。
⑹注意文章的长度。看具体内容而定，如果内容多，应多用复杂句式，如果内容不多，为了达到词的限数应多用简单句式，并适当增补合理内容。
⑺注意保持卷面整洁，书写工整清楚，书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。
⑻最后应注意复查全文。看内容要点有无遗漏，标点、格式、大小写是否规范，是否有语病等。 25 Tianshui Road
Lanzhou, China
January 3rd, 2003
208 Hope Road
Sydney, Australia
Dear Laura,
How are you getting on now?___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Zhou Lan NOTICE
In order to arouse the students’ interest in learning English, the Student Union has decided to set up an English Club with the help of the teachers of English.
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
November 9, 2004Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.
The Students’ Union is going to hold a party on Sunday evening, November 12th, to welcome our friends from the United States.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all . Thank you!Ladies and gentlemen/ Mr President/etc,
Welcome to-------
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.Dear friends,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Good luck to -----/ Goodbye, dear friends.1）以形式主语it引导的有关句型。
（1）“It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.”例如：
①It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.
“直到他回来我才睡觉”(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移及形式)。
②It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.
“只因为他有病了今天没有来上学”（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）
③It is I who am a student. “我确实是个学生”。（2）“It happened（chanced）that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth.
=sb.did sth. by chance.” 例如：
It happened that he was out when I got there.“当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在”
＝He happened to be out when I got there.
= It chanced that he was out when I got there
= He was out by chance when I got there. （3）“It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done
= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done”（还有动词appear可这样使用）例如：
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.“好像你以去过北京”
＝He seemed to have been Beijing before. （4）“It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它”
（注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气） 例如：
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。 （5）“It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句.” 例如：
It was said that he had read this novel.“据说他读过这篇小说”
＝He was said to have read this novel. （6）“It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.”
(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气) 例如：
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。 （7）“It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.”
(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略) 例如：
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film.
“他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜”（8）“It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.”
(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略) 例如：
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.“有人建议推迟会议”。（9）“It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句”
（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句） 例如：
It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调句型。) （10）“It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句”
（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句） 例如：
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States.
请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. （11）“It is well-known that＋从句” 例如：
It is well-known that she is a learned woman.“众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女”。（12）“It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did.” // “It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done.” 例如：
①It is five years since he left here.“他已经离开这儿五年了”。
②It was five years since he had left here.（同上） （14）“It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语”（before引导的是时间状语从句） 例如：
①It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.“没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了”
②It will be three hours before he comes back.“三个小时之后他才能回来”（15）“It is +形容词＋for+ sb.+ to do.” 例如：
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.“我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的”（16）“It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. +to do.”
= “主语+ be +形容词＋to do.”(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等) 例如：
It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.“你真好给我提供了帮助”（1）由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如：
As we have known, he is a most good student.“众所周知，他是个很好的学生”
请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句）（2）由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如：
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
“他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业”（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。（注意：关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。） （3）由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的） 例如：
①This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to.
②This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
[说明]：关于that与which之间的区别，请看语法中的定语从句。 3）让步状语从句中的有关句型：
“No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose＋从句，＋主句”
（注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态） 例如：No matter what you do, you must do it well.
请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. “无论你做什么，一定要做好”No matter where you go, please let me know.
请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.“你无论去哪儿，请通知我”
[说明]：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。
注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替，因为它既作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。 4）条件状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句”（从句也可以放在主句之后）例如：
①As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.“只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走”
②Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. “一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好”（2）“主句＋on condition that+从句” 例如：
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.“我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱”
（3）“主句＋unless+从句.”(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定) 例如：
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.“我明天去那儿除非下雨”（4）“祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句”（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语） 例如：
①Use your head, and you will find a good idea.“动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意”
②Another word, and I will beat you.“你再说一句，我就揍你”
（5）“If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句” 例如：
If necessary, I will do it. “如果有必要的话，我来做此事。”5）原因状语从句的有关句型
（1）“主句＋in case+从句”（in case表示以免） 例如：
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.
我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
（2）“主句＋due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句” 例如：
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.
“由于他有病了，所以没有来上学”6）时间状语从句中的有关句型
（1）“When / While / As +从句，＋主句”（关于它们之间的区别请看语法） 例如：
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.“当我在农村时，我常常给你打水”（2）“主句＋after / before +从句.” 例如：
①They hadn’t been married four months before they were devoiced.“他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了”
②We went home after we had finished the work.“我们做完此工作就回家了”（3）“主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句（或时间）” // “主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句”
例如：
①I worked until he came back.“我一直工作到他回来”
②I didn’t worked until he came back.“他回来我才开始工作”（4）“As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句.” 例如：
My father went out immediately I got home.“我一到家，我父亲就出去了”（5）“No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did.” // “主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did.” 例如：
①No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.“我一到北京就给你打电话了”
②I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. （同上）（6）“Hardly +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.”
// “主语＋had +hardly + done…when / before +主语＋did.” 例如：
①Hardly had she had supper when she went out. “她一吃完晚饭就出去了”
②She had hardly had supper when she went out. （同上）（7）“By the time+从句，＋主句.”（注意时态的变化） 例如：
①By the time you came back, I had finished this book.“到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书”
②By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.“到你回来时，我将写完这本书”（8）“each / every time +从句，＋主句.”
(这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后) 例如：
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.“每当他来哈尔滨，总是随便来看看我”7）地点状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“Where +从句，＋主句.” 例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.“哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的”
（2）“Anywhere / wherever+从句，＋主句.” 例如：
①Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.
“无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿”
②I will go wherever you suggest.
“你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿 ”8）目的状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“主句＋in order that / so that +从句.” 例如：
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.“我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车”
（2）“主句＋for+sb. +to do.”（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语） 例如：
He came here for me to work out this problem.“他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题 ”9）结果状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“主句＋so that+从句.” 例如：
It was very cold, so that the river froze.
“天气很泠，因此河水结冰了”
（2）“So+形容词/ 副词＋特定动词＋主语＋…＋that+从句.” 例如：
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.
“这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍”（3）“主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.” 例如：
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.“他进步很快，老师表扬了他”
（4）“Such was + 主语＋that +从句.”(这是个完全倒装句) 例如：
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.“爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了”10）比较状语从句的有关句型：
（1）“The +形容词比较级……，（主句）the +形容词比较级＋……” 例如：
The sooner you do it, the better it will be.“越早越好”
（2）“主语＋谓语＋as +形容词原级＋as +被比较的对象.” 例如：
He is as busy as a bee.“他非常忙”（3）“主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of / between …” 例如：
He is the taller of the two.“他们俩人中他高”
（4）“主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.” 例如：
This room is three times as large as that one.“这个房间是那个房间的三倍大”（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。） （5）“主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.” 例如：
①This city is twice larger than ours.“这个城市比我们城市大两倍”
②The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.
“那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍”
（6）“主语＋谓语＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.” 例如：
Our building is twice the height of yours.“我们的大楼比你们的高两倍”11）其它句型
（1）“It doesn’t matter wh-+从句” 例如：
①It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.“你明天做什么与我无关”
②It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.“你来不来无关紧要”（2）“形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语＋谓语，＋主句.” 例如：
①Young as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他很小，但他知道得很多”
②Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.“虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格”
③Child as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多”（3）“Were / Should / Had +主语＋谓语，＋主句.” 例如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.“如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了”
（4）“Only +状语＋特定动词＋主语＋谓语…” 例如：
①Only by this means can I do this work well.“只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作”
②Only because he was ill did he not come to school.“只因为他有病了才没有来上学”
③Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.“只有那时，我才认识到我错了”（5）“Not only +特定动词＋主语＋谓语…but also+主语＋谓语…” 例如：
Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well.
“他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利”
（6）whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…
（7）“主语＋doubt＋whether + 从句.”// “主语＋特定否定词＋doubt＋that＋从句.”
例如： I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.“我确信他下午一定能来”平时学生书面表达中常见的错误类型分析⑴格式错误
有的考生不能正确地运用书信或日记的格式。
A)书信常有五部分：
①信头:右上角写上收信人的地址和写信日期;
②称谓;
③正文;
④结束语, 常用的有Yours sincerely/Yours truly/Yours faithfully…;
⑤签名。
B)日记格式：顶格写上月、日、年和星期，右边写上天气情况。⑵词序错误 ①并列的人称代词做主语时，I没有放在最后。例如：
I, you and he are all League members. ②没弄清英语中真正的主语。例如：Without a friend will feel lonely. ③修饰语错位。例如：
He very likes dancing. ⑶时态错误
动词时态的错误是高考英语书面表达中最常见的错误之一,也是考生运用语言的能力差的显著标志之一。如2002关于公园收不收门票的讨论的介绍，陈述讨论的语句通常用一般现在时：Sixty of the students of our school think it is unnecessary to charge an entrance fee. They think that……不少考生表达为Some people thought that……⑷句子不完整
在口语中，交际双方可借助手势、语气等来理解不完整的句子，可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，又想加些补充说明时发生．例如： There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .应改为：There are many ways to know society, for example, by TV ,radio ,and newspaper.⑸内容表达错误
这种错误一般说来是审题不清所致。如2003年的书面表达，正确内容是：I've found a flat for you. It's a small one of 25 square meters with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. The house is near No 11 bus stop on Fang Cao Street and the school is at the next stop.有不少考生表达为:“I've found a flat of 25 square kilometers. It's in No.11 Fang Cao Street.”⑹句子与句子之间缺少衔接造成意思过渡不平稳
例如：把He worked hard. He failed the exam.改为He worked hard. However, he failed the exam.就比较好。
⑺习惯用语使用错误
如:将 to my surprise 表达为 to my surprised;将in my spare time 表达成 at my spare time; 将He didn’t lose heart though he failed.表达为He didn’t lose his heart though he failed.⑻没有利用恰当的代词，给人于重复的感觉
例如：把My father is a worker. My father works in a big company. 改为My father is a worker. He works in a big company. 就比较好。⑼单词运用错误
写作中常见考生因分不清单词的词性而产生错误。大致有：
a.将vi.用成vt.如:come the city/return the place
b.将adj.用成vt.如:Please present on time. Don't absent!
c.将u.n.用成c.n.如:a good news/many informations
d.将adj./adv.使用错误.如:in the recently years/study hardly;e.将prep.用成v.如:Many overpasses arounded the city. The road throughed the city.
f.将名词的单/复数使用不当。如：There are lots of high building. // Most of the people have private car. 句中building应改为buildings；句中car应改为cars。
g.句子的主谓不一致:如:A large number of beautiful buildings has been built. 句中has应改正为have。
h.常用词拼写错误:如:beautiful写成beautful; believe写成belive; money写成moneny…
i.在叙事文中通常会运用一般过去时态,所以就出现了动词的过去式,尤其是不规则动词的过去式的拼写错误很普遍的现象。如：visitted/ hurted/ writed/…..j.不定冠词的使用错误:如:send a e-mail to you(an)/ Even a overpass has been built…(an)/ He graduated from an university.(a)
k.虚词错误：①冠词的漏用和误用, 如：My father is worker. ②缺必要的连结词或连结词多余, 如：He likes swimming, I like climbing. ⑽不间断句子，即几个句子连在一起，看起来似乎是一个句子
例如：There are many ways we get to know the outside world.应改为：There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.或 There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world. 第五档（很好）：“覆盖所有主要内容；应用了较多的语法结构和词汇；语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑；达到了预期的写作目的。” ⒈学会使用较高级的词汇
⑴Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.
Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.
⑵We all think he is a great man.
think highly of him.
⑶Suddenly I thought out a good
idea. …came upon …
A good idea occurred to me. /A good idea suddenly struck me.⑷The students there needn’t pay for their books.
Books are free for the students there.
⑸As a result the plan was a failure.
The plan turned out (to be) a failure.
⑹When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.
At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.⑺She went to Austria in order to study music.
She went to Austria for/with the purpose of studying music.
⑻When he spoke, he felt more and more excited.
The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.
⑼In our school, there are twenty–six classrooms.
Our school is made up of twenty–six classrooms./Twenty–six classrooms make up our school.
⑽You can find my house easily.
You’ll have no trouble/difficulty finding my house.⒉学会使用较丰富的句式
⑴When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（使用V-ing形式）
→On his arriving/ arrival, please give me an e-mail.
⑵To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词性从句）
→What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.
(That the littler girl knows so many things surprises him.／It surprises him that the littler girl knows so many things .)⑶Though I’m weak, I’ll make the effort. (使用倒装句)
→Weak as I am, I’ll make the effort.
⑷He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型 ①.It was… ②.not until…)
→①It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.
→②Not until he had read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened. ⑸I passed the physics exam because of your help.（使用虚拟语气）
→①I could not have passed the physics exam but for your help.
→②If you had not helped me, I could not have passed the physics exam.
⑹She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (用过去分词)
→Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.⑺They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式)
→Singing and laughing, they went back to school.
⑻I won’t believe what he says. （使用状语从句）
→No matter what he says, I won’t believe.⑼If you study hard, you will make rapid progress. （使用并列句）
→Study hard and you’ll make rapid progress.
⑽He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (使用倒装句)
→No sooner had he come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad.①On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library.
②As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.
③What’s more, I can go to bed earlier. 联合国教科文组织某考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是接待人员，请根据下列提示以发言稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况：
大小：近100户人家，约500口人。
变化：过去很穷，78年后变化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。现已旧貌换新颜。
教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄儿童在此免费就读。
注意：（1）要点齐全，前后连贯。（2）词数：100－120之间。①100 families and 500 people/
②used to be very poor/ change a lot/ richer than before/ take on a new look
③was very small/ have been rebuilt
④newly-built/have 4 storeys/ most beautiful building
⑤school-age children/ enjoy free educationLadies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our village! ①This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 50