课件20张PPT。 如何进行图表式作文写作 图表式作文的几种形式:
一是以表格形式,将统计的数据或被说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来,即统计表。二是以图形形式
A 表示数据变化的曲线图;
B 表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异
的柱状图;
C 表示总体内部结构变化的扇形图。
Warming upGraph表示两组数的关系-通常为函数关系图Pie Chart饼状图Table矩形的竖行和横行进行排列的表格 Bar Chart / Graph 柱状图图表式作文写作分三步:
第一步：开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题
即 conclusion
常使用的词汇有:table, chart, figure, graph, describe// tell, show, represent等常用句型：
1.The graph/chart/table above shows …
2. From the above graph/chart, it can be seen that...
3. As is shown in the graph, ...
4.The chart/table shows the differences between…
第二步：分析数据间的主要差异及趋势，然后描写（在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时，可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题，并阐明必要的理由）。注意层次。 即 facts and reasons常用转折，对比及比较的词汇：
While, but, on the contrary, however, compare with, in contrast to ,as…as, the same as, be similar to, be difference between, among, more than, less than
常用描写趋势变化的词汇： Increase, rise, go up, reduce, drop, go down, fall, reach, remain, by/to, slowly, slightly, gradually, sharply, rapidly, the number of…, from…to及比较级，倍数句型等。常用句型：
Facts:
1.There was a great /slight increase /rise in…
2.There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in…
3.It is 20% lower/higher than…
4.The number /rate has nearly doubled, as against that of last year.
5.The number is …times as much as that of….
6.It increases/rises/decreases/reduces by…/…% / two thirds.
7.By comparison with…,it decreased/increased/fell from…to…Reasons:
1.The reason for…is that…
2.One may think of the change as a result of…
3.The change in…largely results from the fact that…
4.There are several causes for this significant growth in….First,….Second,…
5.This brings out the important fact that…第三步：归纳总结或发表评论。
常用词汇：
1.in a word,/ in short, /generally speaking
2.It’s clear from the chart that…
3.In summary, it is important…
4.From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that…
5.Obviously, if we want to…,it is necessary…
6.There is no doubt that attention must be paid…审题：（格式/人称/时态/要点/篇章结构）
篇章结构：
①conclusion:
tense —
②facts : 描述抓关键；
tense–
③reasons：
tense---
④your own opinion/suggestions :
tense--Conclusion:do/ will do有明确过去时间状语 用过去时；
无明确年份，反映一种普遍现象或介绍情况的 用现在时dodo（ 上海春季）某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长示意图。根据所给图表，简要描述某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长情况，并试分析其增长原因。（上海春季）某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长示意图。根据所给图表，简要描述某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长情况，并试分析其增长原因。
审题-----
人称:
第三人称
时态:
一般过去时
要点:
1. 1997年10%的人 有手机
2.1999年20%的人有手机
3.2001年50%的人有手机
4.2004年80%的人有手机
篇章结构:
1.Conclusion
2.Facts and reasons
3.You own opinion/
suggestions
Para1.整体描述—ConclusionThe chart above shows the increasing number of mobile phonesPara2.具体描写，要体现出数据之间的变化—Facts1.According to the first column, only 10 percent of the population owned mobile phones in 1997.2.In 1999 the number doubled , reaching 20 in 100.(1). It increased by 10% in 1999.
(2) It is 10% higher than that of 1997.3. The people owning mobile phones in 2001 were 5 times as many as those in 1997. (2).The number became larger and larger—20% in 1999 and 50% in 2001.(1).There was a great rise in 2001— the rate reached up to 50%.4. Three years later, 80 percent of the citizens had the magic tools.
(1).By comparison with 2001,it increased from 50% to 80%.
(2).In 2oo4, nearly 80% people enjoyed the convenience offered by the mobile phones. Para1--2
The chart above shows the increasing number of mobile phones.
According to the first column, only 10 percent of the population owned mobile phones in 1997. As time went on, in 1999 the number doubled , reaching 20 in 100. In 2001,the people owning mobile phones were 5 times as many as those in 1997. Three years later, 80 percent of the citizens had the magic tools.
Para3.Reasons— There are some reasons for the rise in the number of people with mobile phones. Firstly, the technology of making mobile phones is changing rapidly, which leads to the drop in the prices. Secondly, people’s income has been increasing . As a consequence, they have more options. Thirdly, being useful in daily life, mobile phones make people’s communication easy and convenient .
Para4—归纳总结并得出结论。 It can be estimated that the population of the mobile phone holders will reach a new height with the further advance of science and technology.
Writing书面表达评分标准（总分30）:
书面不洁/字迹潦草，小组长让其重新誊写；
词数大概少于80或多于120， -1’
要点有无遗漏 3-4’/个
整篇文章时态错误或混乱 -5’
整篇文章人称错误 -5’
拼写；标点符号；应用词汇 错误 -2’/ 3个(圈出）
动词；语法/句子结构 错误 -2’/ 个 （横线划出）
上下文如有适当的连词， 可适当提高1-2’
上下文如果优美的表达准确的词句：名词性/定语从句、倒装句等，可适当提高2-3’Correcting课件23张PPT。 兰溪第一中学 周巧玲 Tel: 83886819 How to Improve
Our Writing 兰溪第一中学 周巧玲 Tel: 83886819 How to Improve
Our Writing 书面表达一：（改编自06年全国卷III）
假定你是李华, 北京人，2008年奥运会将在北京举办, 现在正在招募志愿者, 你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信. 内容应包括:
个人情况：年龄、性别、学历
个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况
承诺：提供最佳服务
注意： 1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
生词：申请–--- apply (v.), application (n.)；
志愿者–volunteer书面表达一：（改编自06年全国卷III）
假定你是李华, 北京人，2008年奥运会将在北京举办, 现在正在招募志愿者, 你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信. 内容应包括:
个人情况：年龄、性别、学历
个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况
承诺：提供最佳服务
注意： 1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
生词：申请–--- apply (v.), application (n.)；
志愿者–volunteerDear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympics.
I’m a boy and I’m 18. I was born in Beijing. I’m a middle school student. I want to do something for the 2008 Olympics. First, I’m good at English. Second, I like sports. Third, I’m good at communicating with others. Fourth, I like helping others. Last, I’m familiar with Beijing. It is important for the work.
If you give me the chance, I’ll try my best to offer the best service to others. Please accept my application. I won’t disappoint you!
Looking forward to your replay.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympics.
I’m a boy and I’m 18. I was born in Beijing. I’m a middle school student. I want to do something for the 2008 Olympics. First, I’m good at English. Second, I like sports. Third, I’m good at communicating with others. Fourth, I like helping others. Last, I’m familiar with Beijing. It is important for the work.
If you give me the chance, I’ll try my best to offer the best service to others. Please accept my application. I won’t disappoint you!
Looking forward to your replay.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympics.
I’m a boy and I’m 18. I was born in Beijing. I’m a middle school student. I want to do something for the 2008 Olympics. First, I’m good at English. Second, I like sports. Third, I’m good at communicating with others. Fourth, I like helping others. Last, I’m familiar with Beijing. It is important for the work.
If you give me the chance, I’ll try my best to offer the best service to others. Please accept my application. I won’t disappoint you!
Looking forward to your replay.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
the same subject “I”
simple words
simple transitions（过渡词）
simple sentences
Problems & ways of improving them: Use different sentences (使用多样句型) Change the subject (改变主语)Use good transitions (使用过渡连接)Choose advanced phrases (选取高级词汇)Ⅰ. Change the subject (改变主语)：1. I’ll offer the best service to others.
→________________________________ is my goal.
(-ing分词作主语)
→ It is my goal to______________________________. ( (用it形式主语)
2. I like helping others.
→__________________________________________.
(-ing分词作主语等)
→__________________________________________.
(用it形式主语或宾语)Offering the best service to others offer the best service to others.Helping others is my favorite/ what I like most/….It is my favorite to help others.Ⅱ.Choose advanced phrases (选取高级词汇)be of great importancebe ready to / be willing to …Word Phrase I like helping others.
2. I like sports.
3. This is important for the work.
be fond of/ be interested in /
have great interest in…Ⅱ.Choose advanced phrases (选取高级词汇)Simple phrase Advanced phrase I’m good at English.
2. I want to do something for the Olympics.
3. I’ll try my best to offer the best service.be fluent in/ have a good knowledge of/ have a gift formake a contribution to/ contribute to/ devote …to…spare no effort /make every effort …III. Use transitions (使用过渡连接)1. Phrases: (选取高级连接词)
表层次顺序，罗列增加： First,…second, …third,…fourth,…last…
→ __________________, __________________,
__________________, _________________,
_________________
→ __________________, ___________________,
__________________, __________________,
___________________To begin/start withfurthermorein additionfinallyFirst and foremostbesideswhat’s morelast but not leastin addition to thatmoreoverIII. Use transitions (使用过渡连接)2. Sentences:（加上常见句型开头）
I’m familiar with Beijing.
→ Another reason ______ _____ the fact that I’m
familiar with Beijing.
→ The most __________ thing is that I’m familiar with Beijing.
→ There is no ________ that I’m familiar with Beijing because I was born in Beijing.
→ It’s _________to say that I’m familiar with Beijing because I was born in Beijing.
lies inimportantdoubtneedlessⅣ. Use different sentences (使用多样句型）1. I’m familiar with Beijing. It’s important for the work.
I’m familiar with Beijing, ____________________
_______________________________. (定语从句)2. I’m a boy and I’m 18. I was born in Beijing.
I’m a middle school student._________________________________________
____________________________________.(定语从句/分词作状语) which is of great
importance for the workBorn in Beijing, I’m an 18-year-old boy,
who is studying in a middle school(studying in a middle school)Ⅳ. Use different sentences (使用多样句型）3. I won’t disappoint you.
（句首否定词倒装）
4. If you give me the chance, I’ll offer the best service to others.
If ________ the chance, I’ll offer the best service to others. ( 使用省略）
On no account (决不) _____________________.will I disappoint yougiven６. I’ll offer the best service to others.
→ It is _____________ that _________________.
(使用强调句）
5. I like sports very much.
I ________ like sports very much. (使用强调）doⅣ. Use different sentences (使用多样句型）the best serviceI’ll offer to others 国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平、友谊”夏令营活动，要求报名者提交英文个人简历。假设你是王姗，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简历。
注意：1、词数不少于60。 2、可根据内容要点适当增加 细节，以使行文连贯 书面表达二： ０６年北京卷the Peace and Friendship Summer CampphotographySteps of writing a good article Read the instructions carefully and decide the style.
Follow typical patterns
List the key points.
Put the key points into sentences.
（列提纲）（明审题）（选句型）（妙联句）(细复查)
Develop the sentences into passage.
Check your work.书面表达二： ０６年北京卷The outline of the passage（提纲）：
Para1.: Introduce yourself
Para2.: Reasons of joining the Peace and Friendship Summer Camp
One possible version（参考范文） My name is Wang Shan, and I’m a 16-year-old girl (who is) studying in Beijing Yangguang Middle School. I have varieties of interests. First of all, enjoying music is my favorite/ what I like most. In addition to that, I’m interested in photography because it allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life. Being good at communicating with others, I make many friends. What’s more, I’m always ready to help others.
One possible version（参考范文） I would like to join the Peace and Friendship Summer Camp for many reasons. The first reason lies in the fact that I I love life; I love nature; and I love peace. But the most important reason is that I think it a great opportunity to make friends with people from different countries and learn about their cultures.HomeworkPlease perfect the composition after class.
Finish the third writingGoodbyeHope everyone of you can
get a higher mark in writing!How to Improve Our Writing
----------- 高考写作专题复习系列之一
执教人：兰溪一中 周巧玲
An application letter:
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Hattie. I would like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympics.
I’m a woman and I’m 30. I’m a teacher and I’m good at English. This is helpful for the work. Although I’m fat, I like doing sports. I like helping others. I like making friends. I want to do something for the Olympics.
If you give me the chance, I’ll try my best to offer the best service to others. Please accept my application. I won’t disappoint you!
Yours faithfully,
Hattie
Ways of improving the letter:
Ⅰ.Choose advanced phrases (选取高级词汇)：
Word → phrase
This is helpful for the job. → _____________________________________.
I like helping others. → ______________________________________.
I won’t disappoint you. → ______________________________________.
simple phrase→ advanced phrase
I’m good at English. → _____________________________________.
I want to do something for the Olympics. → _____________________________.
I’ll try my best to offer the best service. → _______________________________.
Ⅱ. Join sentences (合并句子)：
I’m good at English. This is helpful for the work.
→ I’m good at English，______________________________________.（定语从句）
I like helping others. I like making friends.
→ ________________________________，I also like making friends. (分词作主语)
I’m a woman and I’m 30. I’m a teacher and I’m good at English.
→ ___________________________________________________________.（定语从句）
→ ___________________________________________________________. (分词作主语)
Ⅲ. Change the subject (改变主语)：
I’ll offer the best service to others.
→ ____________________________________________ is my goal. (分词作主语)
→ It is my goal to _________________________________________. (用形式主语)
I like helping others.
→ ___________________________________________________________.(分词作主语)
→ ___________________________________________________________.(用形式主语)
Ⅳ. Use inversion (使用倒装)
1. Although I’m fat, I like doing sports. (让步状语从句)
→ __________________________, I like doing sports.
2. I won’t disappoint you. (句首否定词)
→ On no account （决不） __________________________________.
Ⅴ. Use ellipsis（使用省略）
1. If you give me the chance, I’ll offer the best service to others.
→ If ______________ the chance, I’ll offer the best service to others.
→ _____________ I given the chance, I would offer the best service to others.(虚拟语气)
Ⅵ. Use emphasis（使用强调句）
I’ll offer the best service to others.
→ It is ______________ that _________________________.
I like doing sports very much..
→It is ______________ that _________________________.
Ⅶ. Use transitions (使用过渡连接)
Phrases: (选取高级连接词)
表层次顺序，罗列增加：First,…second, …third…last…
→ ____________, ______________, _________________, _______________.
→ ___________, _______________, ________________, _______________.
Sentences:（加上常见句型开头）
I’m good at English.
→ Another reason ______ _____ the fact that I’m good at English.
→ The most ____________ thing is that I’m good at English.
→ There is no ___________ that I’m good at English because I’m an English teacher.
→ It’s ___________ to say that I’m good at English because I’m an English teacher.
书面表达一：（改编自06年全国卷III）
假定你是李华, 北京人，2008年奥运会将在北京举办, 现在正在招募志愿者, 你希望成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信. 内容应包括:
个人情况：年龄、性别、学历
个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况
承诺：提供最佳服务
注意： 1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
生词：申请–--- apply (v.), application (n.)；志愿者–volunteer
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympics. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
书面表达二： 05年山东卷
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，得知某英文报招聘兼职记者，你有意应聘，请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信。 ●表示感兴趣 ●说明优势：知识面、英语水平、合作精神、相关经历 ●希望得到回复 注意： 1. 词数：100左右 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 Dear Sir or Madam,
_______
Yours faithfully, ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? Li Hua
书面表达三：06年北京卷
国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平、友谊”夏令营活动，要求报名者提交英文个人简历。假设你是王姗，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简历。
注意：1、词数不少于60。 2、可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
书面表达二： 05年山东卷 One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam, ??? I'm a student from Xinhua Middle School. I'm glad to learn that you want a few part-time English reporters. I'm quite interested in it. ??? I think I'm fit for the job. As a student, I've read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields. I'm fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing. Besides, I'm easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others. Above all, I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station. So I'm sure I can do the job well if I get the position. ??? I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully, ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? Li Hua
书面表达三： 06年北京卷One possible version:
I'm Wang Shan, a girl of sixteen, presently attending Beijing Yangguang Middle School. I like music, especially classical music. I’m also interested in photography because it allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life. Through my hobbies, I’ve made many friends. In fact, I like meeting new people and enjoy talking with them. Believing we all need help from each other, I appreciate friends’ help, and I am wiling to help anyone in need. I love life; I love Mother Nature; and I love peace. I hate any form of violence. I would like to join the Peace and Friendship Summer Camp since it would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures.
