主谓一致
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课件22张PPT。 主谓一致 主谓一致高考语法复习Agreement主谓一致语法一致意义一致就近一致主谓一致
主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的一致.语法形式上的一致 (1)由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词用单数还是复数
取决于后面的表语的单复数.who, which, any, all等
也有相同用法.e.g. What the teacher said is of great importance.
What he left me are but a few books.
Which is your room?
Which are your rooms?
All horses are animals, but not all animals are
horses.
All is going on well. (2)用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同
一件事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数.注意: and连接的并列单数主语前面分别有each, every,
no,或many a修饰时,谓语动词用单数.Eg. No teacher and no student was present at the party.
In our country every boy and every girl has the right
to receive education.(3) 不定式(短语), 动名词短语(短语),或从句做主语
时,谓语动词用单数形式.注意: 当两个并列的从句做主语,但表示同一事物的
两个方面时,谓语动词仍用单数形式.Eg. When the meeting will be held and how many people
attend has not been decided.(4)主语是单数,尽管后面跟as well as, together with, but,
except, like, including, in addition to, more than, no less
than, rather than引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式.Eg. The teacher as well as the students has seen the film.
The students as well as the teacher have seen the film. He, like you, is very clever.练一练：
1. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories,
____ to be built here.
2. Nobody but Xiao Wang ____ here.
3. I , together with my two friends, ____ going to take
part in the English party.
4. Six people, including a policeman, ______ killed in the
riot(暴乱).iswasamwere(5) each 及和some, any, every, no构成的复合词作主语谓语动用单数。复数代词+each，谓语动词用复数。e.g. Each of the children has a present.
They each have a present.
(=They have a present each.)
Is everyone here?
Somebody is asking for you on the phone.
Nobody knows the fact.注意:none的用法。none of 接不可数名词作主语时，
谓语用单数，接可数名词作主语时，谓语用
单复数均可。e.g. None of us have been there before.
None of the money is his.(6)一些成套的复数形式的名词如: clothes, scissors,
trousers, shorts, glasses等谓语动词用复数形式.如:e.g. ----Where are my glasses?
----They are right on your nose.但这些词前有a pair of 等一类词来修饰时，谓语动词
受pair的影响。类似的用法还有quantity，amount等。e.g. A pair of gloves is a nice present.
The two pairs of scissors are made in Hang Zhou.
A large amount of work is waiting for us to finish.
Large amounts of the money were spent on the bridge.
A quantity of blood is lost.
Quantities of food are on the table.(7) 倒装句中谓语动词应与后面的主语一致。e.g. On the wall were famous paintings.
In the center of Tian’anmen Square stands the
Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall.
Such is our plan.
Such are his words.(8) a lot (lots of, plenty of, a heap of…)+名词，及分数
或百分数＋名词,由后面名词的数而定。e.g. Lots of damage was caused by the fire.
More than 70 percent of the surface of our planet
is covered by water.
Nearly two thirds of the students in our class
are League members.
Two thirds of the apple is rotten.(9)关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。E.g. Some of the energy that is used by man comes
from the sun.
The book that was bought yesterday is useful.
Those who want to visit the Great Wall get on
the bus, please.
He who hasn’t been to the Great Wall is not a
true man.
I , who am your teacher , will teach you
everything I know . (10) “one +in/out of/of+数词”时，动词用单数形式。e.g. One out of four examinees is to be accepted.(11) 如果主语是a kind/sort/type of, an amount of, a portion
of ,a series of , a species of 等加名词，动词均用单数
形式。 e.g. A substantial portion of reports is missing.
This is a kind of flowers which blooms at night.注： 在“this kind/sort/type of +名词”后，不论该名词
是单数还是复数，动词一律用单数形式。
e.g. This sort of oranges is highly priced.
但如果oranges作为名词的中心词时，动词则需用
复数形式。
e.g. Oranges of this sort are highly priced.意义上的一致（1）表示时间，距离，价格，度量衡，往往作整体
看待。谓语动词用单数。e.g. Three weeks was allowed for making the
necessary preparations.
Five yuan is enough.
Ten miles is a god distance.(2)加，减，乘，除后动词单复数均可。e.g. Two plus five is seven.
How many is twenty minus four?
Ten times four make forty.
Thirty divided by six is five.(3) 形复意单的名词,如:news;以-ics结尾的学科名称,
如:physics, mathematics, politics等后用单数。e.g. Every means has been tried to improve teaching and
learning.
All available means have been taken to save the boy.(4)有些名词单复数同形，如 means作“ 手段”“方法”
时单复数形式相同，动词视意思而定。类似的词还 有works（工厂），species, sheep, fish, deer, Chinese等。(5)用作书名，剧名，报纸名，国名等的复数名词
做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。e.g. The United States is in North America.
The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.(6) 定冠词＋adj.或分词表示一类人时，一般用复数。e.g. The English speak English.
The living should continue the spirit of the dead. 注：有少数过去分词与定冠词连用表示个别，这时
谓语动词用单数形式。e.g. The wounded was a well-known man.
The lost is her six-year-old son.(7) 集合名词people, police, cattle, public, militia(民兵，
民团)，peer（同辈人），形式上为单数，
但意义上为复数，谓语动词一般为复数。e.g. The police are searching for a thief in the building.
People are talking and laughing in the street.
The cattle are grazing in the field.e.g. Her family is a big family.
Her family are all music lovers.（8）主语是 family , team , group , crowd , class ,enemy, committee 等集体名词时,如果作为一个整体看待,
谓语用单数形式，如指的里面得成员时，谓语用复数。(9) 如果主语带有all, most, half, some, none等，
或是part of, the majority/minority of, the rest,
the remainder, the last 等，如果主语是一个
整体，动词用单数形式。如果主语有复数
意义，指的是由个体组成的全体，动词应
用复数形式。e.g. Most of the boys are playing card; the rest
are playing chess.
Some of the lecture is OK; the rest is dull.
The greater part of the valley was flooded.
The greatest part of the population were
farmers.就近一致（1）由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also...
等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与最靠近它
的主语一致。e.g. What he does and what he says does not concern me.
Either you or I am able to do it.
Neither he nor you are right.
Not only the students but also their teacher has seen
this film. (2)由here, there, where 引导的倒装句中,（有时主语不
止一个）谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语保持一致e.g. Here is a letter for you.
There is a pen and three pencils on the desk.
There are three pencils and a pen on the desk.
Where is your wife and children to stay when you are away?主谓一致的其他情况（1）表示复数意义的限定词（组）用作单数的特例：
如果主语是由more than one , many a(n),
a(n)/one...a half加名词（组）构成，虽然它们
表达的是复数意义，但它们的谓语动词仍采用
单数形式。 e.g. More than one factor was involved in the decision.
Many a man is glad of your new job.
A year and a half has passed.但在there be结构中，be用单复数均可。
e.g. There is /are more than one foreign student in our school.
如主语是“more +名词（复数）＋than one”时，谓语
动词需用复数形式。
e.g. More members than one are against your plan.(2)由“one of＋复数名词＋who／which／that”引导的
定语从句中的主谓一致：一般采用复数形式。
e.g. That is one of those marks that are intended to
start arguments.
He is one of those persons who always think
they are right.
但当one 之前有the（only）等修饰词时，关系代词的
先行词是one而不是靠近它的复数名词，因此从句中
的谓语动词应用单数。
e.g. She is the only one of these girls who is willing
to take a make-up exam.
He is the one who knows the secret.(3) “one and a half ＋ 复数名词”, “the number of +名词”等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。e.g. One and a half apples is left on the table.
The number of students in our class is more than 50.
One and a half hours is enough.但是“one/a(n) + n.+ and + a half ”做主语时,谓语
则用复数。e.g. One/An apple and a half are left on the table.(4) “one or two+复数名词”作主语，常视做复数。
但在“a（n）＋单数名词＋or two”结构之后，谓语
却常用作单数。e.g. One or two days are enough.
A day or two is enough.(5)名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般
指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，谓语动词
一般用单数。如： My doctor’s is not far from my home.?
My uncle’s is just across the street. 常见的省略名词有：the baker’s, the barber’s,
the carpenter’s, the Smith’s 表示店铺的名词,谓语常用复数。如： Richardson’s have a lot of goods to sell.??
Richardson的店里有许多货可卖。 Thank you for listening!
主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的一致.语法形式上的一致 (1)由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词用单数还是复数
取决于后面的表语的单复数.who, which, any, all等
也有相同用法.e.g. What the teacher said is of great importance.
What he left me are but a few books.
Which is your room?
Which are your rooms?
All horses are animals, but not all animals are
horses.
All is going on well. (2)用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同
一件事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数.注意: and连接的并列单数主语前面分别有each, every,
no,或many a修饰时,谓语动词用单数.Eg. No teacher and no student was present at the party.
In our country every boy and every girl has the right
to receive education.(3) 不定式(短语), 动名词短语(短语),或从句做主语
时,谓语动词用单数形式.注意: 当两个并列的从句做主语,但表示同一事物的
两个方面时,谓语动词仍用单数形式.Eg. When the meeting will be held and how many people
attend has not been decided.(4)主语是单数,尽管后面跟as well as, together with, but,
except, like, including, in addition to, more than, no less
than, rather than引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式.Eg. The teacher as well as the students has seen the film.
The students as well as the teacher have seen the film. He, like you, is very clever.练一练：
1. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories,
____ to be built here.
2. Nobody but Xiao Wang ____ here.
3. I , together with my two friends, ____ going to take
part in the English party.
4. Six people, including a policeman, ______ killed in the
riot(暴乱).iswasamwere(5) each 及和some, any, every, no构成的复合词作主语谓语动用单数。复数代词+each，谓语动词用复数。e.g. Each of the children has a present.
They each have a present.
(=They have a present each.)
Is everyone here?
Somebody is asking for you on the phone.
Nobody knows the fact.注意:none的用法。none of 接不可数名词作主语时，
谓语用单数，接可数名词作主语时，谓语用
单复数均可。e.g. None of us have been there before.
None of the money is his.(6)一些成套的复数形式的名词如: clothes, scissors,
trousers, shorts, glasses等谓语动词用复数形式.如:e.g. ----Where are my glasses?
----They are right on your nose.但这些词前有a pair of 等一类词来修饰时，谓语动词
受pair的影响。类似的用法还有quantity，amount等。e.g. A pair of gloves is a nice present.
The two pairs of scissors are made in Hang Zhou.
A large amount of work is waiting for us to finish.
Large amounts of the money were spent on the bridge.
A quantity of blood is lost.
Quantities of food are on the table.(7) 倒装句中谓语动词应与后面的主语一致。e.g. On the wall were famous paintings.
In the center of Tian’anmen Square stands the
Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall.
Such is our plan.
Such are his words.(8) a lot (lots of, plenty of, a heap of…)+名词，及分数
或百分数＋名词,由后面名词的数而定。e.g. Lots of damage was caused by the fire.
More than 70 percent of the surface of our planet
is covered by water.
Nearly two thirds of the students in our class
are League members.
Two thirds of the apple is rotten.(9)关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。E.g. Some of the energy that is used by man comes
from the sun.
The book that was bought yesterday is useful.
Those who want to visit the Great Wall get on
the bus, please.
He who hasn’t been to the Great Wall is not a
true man.
I , who am your teacher , will teach you
everything I know . (10) “one +in/out of/of+数词”时，动词用单数形式。e.g. One out of four examinees is to be accepted.(11) 如果主语是a kind/sort/type of, an amount of, a portion
of ,a series of , a species of 等加名词，动词均用单数
形式。 e.g. A substantial portion of reports is missing.
This is a kind of flowers which blooms at night.注： 在“this kind/sort/type of +名词”后，不论该名词
是单数还是复数，动词一律用单数形式。
e.g. This sort of oranges is highly priced.
但如果oranges作为名词的中心词时，动词则需用
复数形式。
e.g. Oranges of this sort are highly priced.意义上的一致（1）表示时间，距离，价格，度量衡，往往作整体
看待。谓语动词用单数。e.g. Three weeks was allowed for making the
necessary preparations.
Five yuan is enough.
Ten miles is a god distance.(2)加，减，乘，除后动词单复数均可。e.g. Two plus five is seven.
How many is twenty minus four?
Ten times four make forty.
Thirty divided by six is five.(3) 形复意单的名词,如:news;以-ics结尾的学科名称,
如:physics, mathematics, politics等后用单数。e.g. Every means has been tried to improve teaching and
learning.
All available means have been taken to save the boy.(4)有些名词单复数同形，如 means作“ 手段”“方法”
时单复数形式相同，动词视意思而定。类似的词还 有works（工厂），species, sheep, fish, deer, Chinese等。(5)用作书名，剧名，报纸名，国名等的复数名词
做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。e.g. The United States is in North America.
The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.(6) 定冠词＋adj.或分词表示一类人时，一般用复数。e.g. The English speak English.
The living should continue the spirit of the dead. 注：有少数过去分词与定冠词连用表示个别，这时
谓语动词用单数形式。e.g. The wounded was a well-known man.
The lost is her six-year-old son.(7) 集合名词people, police, cattle, public, militia(民兵，
民团)，peer（同辈人），形式上为单数，
但意义上为复数，谓语动词一般为复数。e.g. The police are searching for a thief in the building.
People are talking and laughing in the street.
The cattle are grazing in the field.e.g. Her family is a big family.
Her family are all music lovers.（8）主语是 family , team , group , crowd , class ,enemy, committee 等集体名词时,如果作为一个整体看待,
谓语用单数形式，如指的里面得成员时，谓语用复数。(9) 如果主语带有all, most, half, some, none等，
或是part of, the majority/minority of, the rest,
the remainder, the last 等，如果主语是一个
整体，动词用单数形式。如果主语有复数
意义，指的是由个体组成的全体，动词应
用复数形式。e.g. Most of the boys are playing card; the rest
are playing chess.
Some of the lecture is OK; the rest is dull.
The greater part of the valley was flooded.
The greatest part of the population were
farmers.就近一致（1）由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also...
等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与最靠近它
的主语一致。e.g. What he does and what he says does not concern me.
Either you or I am able to do it.
Neither he nor you are right.
Not only the students but also their teacher has seen
this film. (2)由here, there, where 引导的倒装句中,（有时主语不
止一个）谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语保持一致e.g. Here is a letter for you.
There is a pen and three pencils on the desk.
There are three pencils and a pen on the desk.
Where is your wife and children to stay when you are away?主谓一致的其他情况（1）表示复数意义的限定词（组）用作单数的特例：
如果主语是由more than one , many a(n),
a(n)/one...a half加名词（组）构成，虽然它们
表达的是复数意义，但它们的谓语动词仍采用
单数形式。 e.g. More than one factor was involved in the decision.
Many a man is glad of your new job.
A year and a half has passed.但在there be结构中，be用单复数均可。
e.g. There is /are more than one foreign student in our school.
如主语是“more +名词（复数）＋than one”时，谓语
动词需用复数形式。
e.g. More members than one are against your plan.(2)由“one of＋复数名词＋who／which／that”引导的
定语从句中的主谓一致：一般采用复数形式。
e.g. That is one of those marks that are intended to
start arguments.
He is one of those persons who always think
they are right.
但当one 之前有the（only）等修饰词时，关系代词的
先行词是one而不是靠近它的复数名词，因此从句中
的谓语动词应用单数。
e.g. She is the only one of these girls who is willing
to take a make-up exam.
He is the one who knows the secret.(3) “one and a half ＋ 复数名词”, “the number of +名词”等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。e.g. One and a half apples is left on the table.
The number of students in our class is more than 50.
One and a half hours is enough.但是“one/a(n) + n.+ and + a half ”做主语时,谓语
则用复数。e.g. One/An apple and a half are left on the table.(4) “one or two+复数名词”作主语，常视做复数。
但在“a（n）＋单数名词＋or two”结构之后，谓语
却常用作单数。e.g. One or two days are enough.
A day or two is enough.(5)名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般
指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，谓语动词
一般用单数。如： My doctor’s is not far from my home.?
My uncle’s is just across the street. 常见的省略名词有：the baker’s, the barber’s,
the carpenter’s, the Smith’s 表示店铺的名词,谓语常用复数。如： Richardson’s have a lot of goods to sell.??
Richardson的店里有许多货可卖。 Thank you for listening!