earthquakes全套课件
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| 名称 | earthquakes全套课件 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2007-12-02 17:05:00 | ||
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课件59张PPT。Reading Tangshan San FranciscoWhat about the weather,the buildings,the bridge, people and their life?Tangshan VSHow many Natural Disasters do you know? typhoon tornado,
hurricanetsunamivolcanic eruptionsandstormthunderstormearthquake 1) Imagine your home begins to shake and
You must leave it right away. You have time
to take only one thing. What will you take?
Why?2) Can we foretell（预测）an earthquake so that we can reduce (减少) the damages?
(look at the pictures on P25)DiscussionForetell(预测) an earthquake:1) Bright lights flash in the sky; 3) The well walls have deep cracks with smelly gas;4) Animals are too nervous, such as cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, etc; 5) Mice run out to look for places to hide; 6) Fish jumps out of the ponds.2) The water in the well rises and falls;TangShan, HeBeiJuly 28th, 1976Reading A night
the earth didn’t sleepJoin the correct parts of the sentences.Do a fast-reading of the passage.2 The people didn’t worry because
3 Such a great
number of people died because
4 Water was needed
because
5 The people did not lose hope because
1 The chickens didn’t eat because C they were nervous. E they didn’t know what the strange events meant.
B the quake happened while
they were sleeping.
D dams and wells were useless.
A the army came to help
them.Second readingwhich is TRUE according to the text?
Before the earhtquake the chickens didin’t eat because they were nervous.
After the earthquake the people in Tsngshan lost hope because no one helped them.
After the earhtquake water was needed because no water in dams and wells.
No one noticed anything strange happening before the earthquake.
A3. Before the earthquake the people didn’t worry because ______.
they knew well about earthquake
they didn’t notice anything strange happening
nothing strange happened
they didn’t know the earthquake caused the strange events.
4. Such a great number of people died or were injured in the earthquake because ______.
people thought little of strange events before the earthquake.
the earthquake happened suddenly in the early morning and most people were still sleep during the earthquake
many people were killed later that afternoon when another big quake shook Tangshan unexpectedly
all of aboveDDA night the earth didn’t sleepBefore the earthquakeDuring the earthquakeAfter the earthquakeParagraph 1Paragraph 2 +Paragraph 3Look at each part and write down its main idea.Part 1Part 2Before the earthquake strange things began to happen but no one
noticed them.The disaster happened and caused a lot of loss.Part 3Paragraph 4The army came to help the survivors, bringing hope for a new life.
Sum up the main idea of each part of the passage.
(use one word to describe)Part 1: para 1Part 2: para 2&3Part 3: para 4signsdamagerecovery(迹象)(破坏)(恢复)Before the quake—strange things happenhad deep cracks / gave out smelly gastoo nervous to eatran out of the fieldsjump out of bowls and ponds1.Well:2.Chickens & Pigs:bright lights & sound of plane3.Mice(mouse的复数)：4.Fish:5.Sky:The earth was shaking —It seemed that the world was at an end!!1.One-third of the nation felt it2.Huge cracks cut across houses, roads and canals3.Steam burst from holes 4.Hard hills of rock became river of dirt5.A large city lay in ruins in 15 terrible seconds!!6.Two-thirds of people died or were injured (400,000) signs(迹象)
before Earthquake Para.1Fill in the blanksStrangerosefellsmellynervouseatjumpedran3:00bright lightsDamage
caused by
earthquakePara. 2-3Fill in the blanks3:42greatestSteamdirtBricksdamsuselesssteelSandelectricityLanguage Points
for Reading IImagine your home begins to shake and
you must leave it right away.
imagine: form a mental picture (动词) 想象
A. imagine sb. /sb.’s doing sth.
e.g. I can’t imagine my getting a high mark.
B. imagine + clause(句子).
e.g. He can’t imagine what he became if the world were at an end.
shake : cause to move to and from (动词) 摇动
shake hands with
shake (off) a bad habit与某人握手right away :
at once ; in no time ; immediately; in a minute; right now (立即,立刻)
right now 还有 “此时, 此刻”之意
Make up your mind___________.
I’ll return the book___________.right nowright awayrise vi. (rise- rose-risen) (日,月,烟,物价,温度,水位)
上升; 起身
太阳6点钟升起.
The sun rises at 6 o’clock.
他已养成早起的习惯了.
He has formed the habit of rising early in the morning.
[注意] rise by 上升了多少
rise to 上升到多少
与raise对比:
raise vt. (raise-raised-raised) 举起, 提高; 饲养,抚养
The price of tomatoes has _______ recently.
I ______ a lovely dog as my pet 4 years ago.risenraised2…. even the pig were too nervous to eat.
1) too…to… 太……以致不……
I am afraid the homework is too much for me to finish.
2)not/never + too … to… 并不太…所以能…（肯定）
It is never too late to learn.
3)only / all / but + too … to…= very 非常（肯定）
I am only too pleased to learn English well.
It is all too good to be home again.
4)与表态度，情绪等形容词：too + anxious / eager/ glad/happy/pleased/ready/willing + to
做…非常…. (肯定）
They are too willing to help the poor.3. … the water pipes in some buildings cracked and .burstburst : vi to come open or fly apart suddenly 爆裂
The balloon suddenly burst.
burst into + sth. 突然….起来
Some robbers burst into that house.
burst out + doing 突然….起来
They burst out laughing.
burst into+ sth. = burst out + doing……
He burst into laughter. = He burst out laughing.
He burst into tears. = He burst out crying.
burst: n
Upon his appearance there was a burst of applause.一阵……But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
△ little of sth. / sb. 没有去考虑…， 没把….当一回事
[同义] think nothing of sth. / sb.
[反义] think much / a lot / a great deal of sth. / sb. 十分重视…
[扩展] think highly of sth. / sb. 对….评价很高
对….评价很低thinkthink badly of sth. / sb.他昨天逛街的时候没把街上的乞丐当一回事。
He thought little / nothing of the beggars at the street when he went shopping yesterday.
老师们对我们的评价很高。
The teachers think highly of us.4. It seemed as if the world was at an end!1) as if + 句子 = as though + 句子 似乎，好像
She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。
2) as if 在下面句子中相当于that:
It seemed as if the meeting would never end.
看起来会议没完没了。
本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。
It seemed as if the world was at an end!
= It seemed that the world was at an end!
= The world seemed to be at an end!at an end 结束, 终结
假期结束了。
The holiday was at an end.
[拓展] bring / put sth. to an end 使…终止
或： bring / put an end to sth. 使…终止
他应该终止抽烟。
He should bring / put smoking to an end.
He should bring / bring an end to smoking.
sth. come to an end 某事结束了
会议在下午3点结束了。
The meeting came to an end at 3:00 pm.5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in .ruins lie (lay－lain): to remain in a certain state 处于…状况
in ruins : severely damaged or destroyed
对比: ruin; destroy; damageruin： 严重破坏，多指不是人为因素，而是自然现象或客观原因破坏。
destroy: 彻底毁坏以致不能修复
damage：部分受损，可以修复
The fire _________the whole forest.
His heart was slightly（轻微地）________ as a result of the disease.
An earthquake left the whole town in ______.destroyeddamagedruins injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically 受伤
对比: injure; hurt; wound
Their criticisms _________him deeply.
Smoking will ________his health.
He was slightly ________in the car accident.
He got _________in the fighting.
What you said _____my feeling.
6. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.More than 61% of the surface（表面） of the earth ____covered by water.
Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ___ young.isarehave hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt…. many children were left [without parents].
leave sb. / sth. +宾补(doing / done / to do / adj. / adv. / 介词短语）
She left me waiting in the rain for an hour.
I went out and left the door unlocked.
You shouldn’t leave the baby without care.介词短语wonder : vt. 感到疑惑，感到好奇
n. 奇迹，奇事
It is no wonder (that) + 句子 难怪….
= No wonder (that) + 句子
A: Tom often stays up at night.
B: No wonder he always gets high amrks in examinations.
It is +adj. +that clause. 做….是….的
It is + 动词-ed + that clause. (said / reported/ believed/ thought….) 据说/ 据报道/ 据相信/ 人人都认为….
It seems / happens + that clause.
似乎……/ 碰巧……
8. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.9. All hope was not lost.
all…not … = not all… = some… but not all (部分否定)
Not all the children left. = All the children didn’t leave.
(= Only some of them left early.)
Not all the children are noisy.
= All the children aren’t noisy.
(= Some of the children are not noisy.)
? none of ….. (全部否定)
None of us were allowed to leave.
None of these reports is very helpful.
lose hope
lose heart
lose one’s heart to sb.
lose one’s way
迷路爱上某人灰心没有希望，丧失希望The army organized teams to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
dig out 挖掘；发现
bury : A. to place in the ground 埋葬
B. to occupy (oneself) with deep
concentration; absorb 专注于….; 专心于…..
The dog buried the bone in the ground.
I buried myself in my studies.
bury oneself in = be buried in 专心于….
devote oneself to = be devoted to doing 献身于….;专心于...
the + adj. 表一类人或物
the rich / the wounded / the young / the old / the living
DiscussionWhat can we do to reduce the damage of earthquakes?How can we protect ourselves and help others in the earthquake?1.Don’t build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together;
2. Build the houses on rock than on sand.
3. Make the houses as strong as possible,
weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake. Don’t be nervous and keep calm.
Don’t try to run out without order.
Protect your head by putting your bag on your head.
sit down under your desk.Grammar定语从句 The Attributive Clause Grammar (5m)
Titanic is the ship that sank after hitting an iceberg.Rose and Jack are the lovers who met on the ship.Rosethe lady / meet Jack on TitanicRose is
met Jack on TitanicJackthe young man / want to save Rosethe man / want to kill JackCalJack is
wanted to save Rose.Cal is wanted to kill Jack.the lady whothe young man whothe man whothe ship/ sink into the oceanthe ship / is the most beautiful
in the world at that timeTitanic is sank into the ocean.Titanic is
was the most beautiful in the word at that time.the ship thatthe ship thatthe Heart of Oceanthe diamond / is worn by RoseThe Heart of Ocean is was worn by Rose.the diamond / is dropped
into the ocean by RoseThe Heart of Ocean is
was dropped into the ocean by Rose. the diamond thatthe diamond that
born in 1847 / man / invent the first telephone
Bell who was born in 1847 is the man that invented the first telephone. Bell引导定语从句关系代词的用法： that which who whom whose 1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物 1)A plane is a machine that can fly.（ 主语）2)The noodles that I looked were delicious.（宾语）3)Let’s ask the man that is reading the book over there.（主语）4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’sister.（宾语） 2. Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物1) They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. (主语 )3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语)1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（主语）2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. （宾语）2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael.（主语） 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write . （宾语）3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （宾语） 3) This is the book whose cover is blue.4. whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of . The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. 关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语NOTE that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。NOTEAre you clear now? OK . Let’s do some exercise!Function-I----practice (3m)3. The house ____________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose1. The earthquake___________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We don’t know the number of people ____________ lost their homes in 1906 earthquakethat / which that / who which / that 6. Harry is the boy ________ mother is our maths teacher .4. A house ____________ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people ________________ I know were killed in the earthquake .which / thatwho / whom / thatwhoseAnswer keys for “Discovering useful structures”Ex. 2 on Page 281 who
2 that/which
3 which/that
4 whose
5 whoseFunction-II----practice (2m)1.The famous basketball star, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (北京 2002春季)
A、where B、when C、which D、who
答案 D
真题解析：本题考察定语从句关联词的选择，从句意可知先行词the famous basketball star（著名的篮球明星）是人，所以应用表示人的关联词who。
高考链接The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001)
A、until B、that C、when D、where
答案 C
真题解析：本题考察定语从句的连接词，主句中的先行词the hours被其它成分分割，只要考生能够认清真正的先行词，就不难得出答案，the hours表示时间，所以应该选择一个表示时间的关系副词，即when。高考链接3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET2001) A、It B、As C、That D、what
答案 B
真题解析：本题考察as引导非限定性定语从句。as引导从句的意思是“正如……..”，引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当as在从句中充当主语时，常用下面的结构：as is know，as is said，as is reported 等，所以本题的答案是B。高考链接Homework1.finish the exercises on page 28.
2.surf the internet to find more information about the attributive clause and sum up the rules of it.
hurricanetsunamivolcanic eruptionsandstormthunderstormearthquake 1) Imagine your home begins to shake and
You must leave it right away. You have time
to take only one thing. What will you take?
Why?2) Can we foretell（预测）an earthquake so that we can reduce (减少) the damages?
(look at the pictures on P25)DiscussionForetell(预测) an earthquake:1) Bright lights flash in the sky; 3) The well walls have deep cracks with smelly gas;4) Animals are too nervous, such as cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, etc; 5) Mice run out to look for places to hide; 6) Fish jumps out of the ponds.2) The water in the well rises and falls;TangShan, HeBeiJuly 28th, 1976Reading A night
the earth didn’t sleepJoin the correct parts of the sentences.Do a fast-reading of the passage.2 The people didn’t worry because
3 Such a great
number of people died because
4 Water was needed
because
5 The people did not lose hope because
1 The chickens didn’t eat because C they were nervous. E they didn’t know what the strange events meant.
B the quake happened while
they were sleeping.
D dams and wells were useless.
A the army came to help
them.Second readingwhich is TRUE according to the text?
Before the earhtquake the chickens didin’t eat because they were nervous.
After the earthquake the people in Tsngshan lost hope because no one helped them.
After the earhtquake water was needed because no water in dams and wells.
No one noticed anything strange happening before the earthquake.
A3. Before the earthquake the people didn’t worry because ______.
they knew well about earthquake
they didn’t notice anything strange happening
nothing strange happened
they didn’t know the earthquake caused the strange events.
4. Such a great number of people died or were injured in the earthquake because ______.
people thought little of strange events before the earthquake.
the earthquake happened suddenly in the early morning and most people were still sleep during the earthquake
many people were killed later that afternoon when another big quake shook Tangshan unexpectedly
all of aboveDDA night the earth didn’t sleepBefore the earthquakeDuring the earthquakeAfter the earthquakeParagraph 1Paragraph 2 +Paragraph 3Look at each part and write down its main idea.Part 1Part 2Before the earthquake strange things began to happen but no one
noticed them.The disaster happened and caused a lot of loss.Part 3Paragraph 4The army came to help the survivors, bringing hope for a new life.
Sum up the main idea of each part of the passage.
(use one word to describe)Part 1: para 1Part 2: para 2&3Part 3: para 4signsdamagerecovery(迹象)(破坏)(恢复)Before the quake—strange things happenhad deep cracks / gave out smelly gastoo nervous to eatran out of the fieldsjump out of bowls and ponds1.Well:2.Chickens & Pigs:bright lights & sound of plane3.Mice(mouse的复数)：4.Fish:5.Sky:The earth was shaking —It seemed that the world was at an end!!1.One-third of the nation felt it2.Huge cracks cut across houses, roads and canals3.Steam burst from holes 4.Hard hills of rock became river of dirt5.A large city lay in ruins in 15 terrible seconds!!6.Two-thirds of people died or were injured (400,000) signs(迹象)
before Earthquake Para.1Fill in the blanksStrangerosefellsmellynervouseatjumpedran3:00bright lightsDamage
caused by
earthquakePara. 2-3Fill in the blanks3:42greatestSteamdirtBricksdamsuselesssteelSandelectricityLanguage Points
for Reading IImagine your home begins to shake and
you must leave it right away.
imagine: form a mental picture (动词) 想象
A. imagine sb. /sb.’s doing sth.
e.g. I can’t imagine my getting a high mark.
B. imagine + clause(句子).
e.g. He can’t imagine what he became if the world were at an end.
shake : cause to move to and from (动词) 摇动
shake hands with
shake (off) a bad habit与某人握手right away :
at once ; in no time ; immediately; in a minute; right now (立即,立刻)
right now 还有 “此时, 此刻”之意
Make up your mind___________.
I’ll return the book___________.right nowright awayrise vi. (rise- rose-risen) (日,月,烟,物价,温度,水位)
上升; 起身
太阳6点钟升起.
The sun rises at 6 o’clock.
他已养成早起的习惯了.
He has formed the habit of rising early in the morning.
[注意] rise by 上升了多少
rise to 上升到多少
与raise对比:
raise vt. (raise-raised-raised) 举起, 提高; 饲养,抚养
The price of tomatoes has _______ recently.
I ______ a lovely dog as my pet 4 years ago.risenraised2…. even the pig were too nervous to eat.
1) too…to… 太……以致不……
I am afraid the homework is too much for me to finish.
2)not/never + too … to… 并不太…所以能…（肯定）
It is never too late to learn.
3)only / all / but + too … to…= very 非常（肯定）
I am only too pleased to learn English well.
It is all too good to be home again.
4)与表态度，情绪等形容词：too + anxious / eager/ glad/happy/pleased/ready/willing + to
做…非常…. (肯定）
They are too willing to help the poor.3. … the water pipes in some buildings cracked and .burstburst : vi to come open or fly apart suddenly 爆裂
The balloon suddenly burst.
burst into + sth. 突然….起来
Some robbers burst into that house.
burst out + doing 突然….起来
They burst out laughing.
burst into+ sth. = burst out + doing……
He burst into laughter. = He burst out laughing.
He burst into tears. = He burst out crying.
burst: n
Upon his appearance there was a burst of applause.一阵……But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
△ little of sth. / sb. 没有去考虑…， 没把….当一回事
[同义] think nothing of sth. / sb.
[反义] think much / a lot / a great deal of sth. / sb. 十分重视…
[扩展] think highly of sth. / sb. 对….评价很高
对….评价很低thinkthink badly of sth. / sb.他昨天逛街的时候没把街上的乞丐当一回事。
He thought little / nothing of the beggars at the street when he went shopping yesterday.
老师们对我们的评价很高。
The teachers think highly of us.4. It seemed as if the world was at an end!1) as if + 句子 = as though + 句子 似乎，好像
She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。
2) as if 在下面句子中相当于that:
It seemed as if the meeting would never end.
看起来会议没完没了。
本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。
It seemed as if the world was at an end!
= It seemed that the world was at an end!
= The world seemed to be at an end!at an end 结束, 终结
假期结束了。
The holiday was at an end.
[拓展] bring / put sth. to an end 使…终止
或： bring / put an end to sth. 使…终止
他应该终止抽烟。
He should bring / put smoking to an end.
He should bring / bring an end to smoking.
sth. come to an end 某事结束了
会议在下午3点结束了。
The meeting came to an end at 3:00 pm.5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in .ruins lie (lay－lain): to remain in a certain state 处于…状况
in ruins : severely damaged or destroyed
对比: ruin; destroy; damageruin： 严重破坏，多指不是人为因素，而是自然现象或客观原因破坏。
destroy: 彻底毁坏以致不能修复
damage：部分受损，可以修复
The fire _________the whole forest.
His heart was slightly（轻微地）________ as a result of the disease.
An earthquake left the whole town in ______.destroyeddamagedruins injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically 受伤
对比: injure; hurt; wound
Their criticisms _________him deeply.
Smoking will ________his health.
He was slightly ________in the car accident.
He got _________in the fighting.
What you said _____my feeling.
6. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.More than 61% of the surface（表面） of the earth ____covered by water.
Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ___ young.isarehave hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt…. many children were left [without parents].
leave sb. / sth. +宾补(doing / done / to do / adj. / adv. / 介词短语）
She left me waiting in the rain for an hour.
I went out and left the door unlocked.
You shouldn’t leave the baby without care.介词短语wonder : vt. 感到疑惑，感到好奇
n. 奇迹，奇事
It is no wonder (that) + 句子 难怪….
= No wonder (that) + 句子
A: Tom often stays up at night.
B: No wonder he always gets high amrks in examinations.
It is +adj. +that clause. 做….是….的
It is + 动词-ed + that clause. (said / reported/ believed/ thought….) 据说/ 据报道/ 据相信/ 人人都认为….
It seems / happens + that clause.
似乎……/ 碰巧……
8. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.9. All hope was not lost.
all…not … = not all… = some… but not all (部分否定)
Not all the children left. = All the children didn’t leave.
(= Only some of them left early.)
Not all the children are noisy.
= All the children aren’t noisy.
(= Some of the children are not noisy.)
? none of ….. (全部否定)
None of us were allowed to leave.
None of these reports is very helpful.
lose hope
lose heart
lose one’s heart to sb.
lose one’s way
迷路爱上某人灰心没有希望，丧失希望The army organized teams to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
dig out 挖掘；发现
bury : A. to place in the ground 埋葬
B. to occupy (oneself) with deep
concentration; absorb 专注于….; 专心于…..
The dog buried the bone in the ground.
I buried myself in my studies.
bury oneself in = be buried in 专心于….
devote oneself to = be devoted to doing 献身于….;专心于...
the + adj. 表一类人或物
the rich / the wounded / the young / the old / the living
DiscussionWhat can we do to reduce the damage of earthquakes?How can we protect ourselves and help others in the earthquake?1.Don’t build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together;
2. Build the houses on rock than on sand.
3. Make the houses as strong as possible,
weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake. Don’t be nervous and keep calm.
Don’t try to run out without order.
Protect your head by putting your bag on your head.
sit down under your desk.Grammar定语从句 The Attributive Clause Grammar (5m)
Titanic is the ship that sank after hitting an iceberg.Rose and Jack are the lovers who met on the ship.Rosethe lady / meet Jack on TitanicRose is
met Jack on TitanicJackthe young man / want to save Rosethe man / want to kill JackCalJack is
wanted to save Rose.Cal is wanted to kill Jack.the lady whothe young man whothe man whothe ship/ sink into the oceanthe ship / is the most beautiful
in the world at that timeTitanic is sank into the ocean.Titanic is
was the most beautiful in the word at that time.the ship thatthe ship thatthe Heart of Oceanthe diamond / is worn by RoseThe Heart of Ocean is was worn by Rose.the diamond / is dropped
into the ocean by RoseThe Heart of Ocean is
was dropped into the ocean by Rose. the diamond thatthe diamond that
born in 1847 / man / invent the first telephone
Bell who was born in 1847 is the man that invented the first telephone. Bell引导定语从句关系代词的用法： that which who whom whose 1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物 1)A plane is a machine that can fly.（ 主语）2)The noodles that I looked were delicious.（宾语）3)Let’s ask the man that is reading the book over there.（主语）4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’sister.（宾语） 2. Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物1) They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. (主语 )3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语)1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（主语）2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. （宾语）2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael.（主语） 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write . （宾语）3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （宾语） 3) This is the book whose cover is blue.4. whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of . The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. 关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语NOTE that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。NOTEAre you clear now? OK . Let’s do some exercise!Function-I----practice (3m)3. The house ____________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose1. The earthquake___________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We don’t know the number of people ____________ lost their homes in 1906 earthquakethat / which that / who which / that 6. Harry is the boy ________ mother is our maths teacher .4. A house ____________ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people ________________ I know were killed in the earthquake .which / thatwho / whom / thatwhoseAnswer keys for “Discovering useful structures”Ex. 2 on Page 281 who
2 that/which
3 which/that
4 whose
5 whoseFunction-II----practice (2m)1.The famous basketball star, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (北京 2002春季)
A、where B、when C、which D、who
答案 D
真题解析：本题考察定语从句关联词的选择，从句意可知先行词the famous basketball star（著名的篮球明星）是人，所以应用表示人的关联词who。
高考链接The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001)
A、until B、that C、when D、where
答案 C
真题解析：本题考察定语从句的连接词，主句中的先行词the hours被其它成分分割，只要考生能够认清真正的先行词，就不难得出答案，the hours表示时间，所以应该选择一个表示时间的关系副词，即when。高考链接3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET2001) A、It B、As C、That D、what
答案 B
真题解析：本题考察as引导非限定性定语从句。as引导从句的意思是“正如……..”，引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当as在从句中充当主语时，常用下面的结构：as is know，as is said，as is reported 等，所以本题的答案是B。高考链接Homework1.finish the exercises on page 28.
2.surf the internet to find more information about the attributive clause and sum up the rules of it.