省略句

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名称 省略句
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科目 英语
更新时间 2009-05-19 17:01:00

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课件48张PPT。省略句省略句 为了避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略.一.简单句中的省略1)不定式在love, mean, want, like, wish, expect, try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem等动词后面
2)在happy,glad,eager,ready,willing等形容词后面。
3)在have, need, ought, be going, used等动词后面 可以省略,但要保留不定式符号to   7.不定式的省略---will you join us?
--- I should love to (join you).I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to (see the film).不定式的省略注意: 如果不定式中含有be, have, have been, 通常保留be, have, have been.E.g:--- Are you a sailor?
--- No, but I used to be.---He hasn’t finished yet.
---well, he ought to have. 
1. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
 —Not at all, ________ . (NMET 1995)
  A. I have no time  B. I'd rather not
  C. I‘d like it    D. I'd be happy to
2. —Does your brother intend to study German?
 —Yes, he intends ________ . (NMET 1998上海卷)
  A. /  B. to  C. so D. that
?? 3. —Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?
  — ________ . (NMET 1999上海卷)
  A. Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre
  B. I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow
  C. No, I won't
  D. That's right
  4. —You should have thanked her before you left.
  —I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere. (NMET 2000北京春招卷)
  A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to
??8. 介词的省略
We have lived here (for) 10 years.
2) I haven’t lived here for 10 years.
3) It’s no use (in) crying.
4) He spent a lot of money (in) building the tower.
5) A lot of money was spent in building the tower .二.并列句中的省略三.复合句中的省略2.宾语从句中的省略 替代词so / not用于避免重复前面所说过的内容。1)肯定时可与动词believe , do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及 I’m afraid都可与so 搭配.
2)否定时hope与guess 只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式,而think ,believe , suppose 等词可有两种否定形式 ,即:I think not 或I don’t think so.1.--- You haven’t lost the ticket, have you ?
--- ______. I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment. (2004江苏高考)
A.I hope not B. Yes, I have
C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid soA  
  3、 在状语从句中的省略
1) 由when,while,as, once,whenever引导的时间状语从句;
2)由if,unless引导的条件状语从句;
3)由though,although,even if ,even though引导的让步状语从句;
4)由as though,as if,as引导的方式状语从句;
5)由because引导的原因状语从句;
6)由wherever引导的地点状语从句,
若从句的主语是it或与主句的主语相同,且在谓语中含有be时,常省略从句的主语和be。
When____________________ (publish), the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year. Once _________a teacher, he now works in a government office.While _____________ (walk) along the street, I heard my name called.(the novel is) published(he was)(I was) walkingHe opened his lips as if ________________.
(好象要说话)(he were) to speak  高考链接:
1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET 2004全国卷II)
A. introducing   B. introduced
C. introduce    D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET 2004全国卷IV)
 A. questioning B. having questioned
 C. questioned D. to be questioned
3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction. (NMET 2003 安徽春)
 A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
???4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷)
A. when taking   B. when taken
C. when to take   D. when to be taken
5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (NMET 2003上海春)
A. invited     B. inviting               
C. being invited   D. having invited
6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春)
A. completed     B. completing
C. being completed  D. to be completed
???7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. (NMET 2002上海卷)
A. lacked   B. lacking of          
C. lacking   D. lacked in
8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. (NMET 2002)
A. begins    B. having begun          C. beginning   D. begun
?? 4、在限定性定语从句中
1)作宾语的关系代词that,which, whom可以省略;
2)the way后面的定语从句中,可以省略that,in which;
3)在含被动语态的定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,可以省略关系代词和be,省略之后,变成过去分词短语作定语。
  高考链接:
  1. —You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
  — ________ you ever want to do is going shopping. (NMET 2002北京、安徽、内蒙古春)
  A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That
?2.Here is the man whom you have been looking for.
3.There is a good film that will put on tonight.
4.He is the man who you can safely depend on.
5. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(NMET 2002上海春)
  A. he explained B. what he explained
  C. how he explained D. why he explained
6. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. (NMET 2004湖北卷)
A. the way   B. in the way that
C. in the way  D. the way which
7. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you. (NMET 2004全国卷)
 A. something B. anything C. all D. that
??? 8.He is the only person invited by the
government.=that is invited四.在感官动词或短语中
1)在see,watch,hear,feel,observe,notice,listen to等感官动词或短语中.
2)在make,have,let等使役动词之后的“宾语+不定式作宾语补足语” 结构中,不定式前省略to;1. As you've never been there before,
I'll have someone ________ you the way.
(MET 1990上海卷)
A. to show B. show C. showing D. showedB6.虚拟条件中省略if,将were, had, should提到
主语的前面构成部分倒装.1.If there should be a flood, what shall we do ?
2. If he had taken my advice, he would have
finished it.
3. If I were you, I would not do that.Should there be a flood, what shall we do?Had he taken my advice, he would have
Finished it.Were I you, I would not do that.were toWere there to be五.在if引导的虚拟条件句中
 在if引导的虚拟语气条件句中含有had,were,should时,可以把had,were,should放在句首,省略if。
  高考链接:
1. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. (NMET 1994上海卷)
  A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
2. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. (NMET 1995上海卷)
 A. If it is not    B. Were
C. Had it not been D. If they were not
??六. 在否定结构中
  由so, nor,neither等引导的连续肯定或否定的句子也是一种省略句,这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的,而且主谓用倒装。
  高考链接:
1. I don’t know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ . (NMET 2004 江苏卷)
 A. anyone   B. anyone else
 C. no one   D. no one else
? 2. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on man's lives. (NMET 2004 广东卷)
A. there is  B. there are         C. is there  D. are there
3. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
  — ________ . (NMET 2004全国卷III)
A. Nor am I    B. Neither would I      C. Same with me   D. So do I
??七.惯用的省略结构1.If only I could remember his name!
2.What/ How about some more milk?
3.Why not go at once?
4.No wonder you like the dog so much. 5. Better go there at once.1.A computer does only what thinking people _________. (1999上海高考)
A. have it do B. have it done
C. have done it D. having it done不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时, 不定式省略to 。 2.--- Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.
--- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition? (2004重庆高考)
A. What for ? B. Thanks a lot .
C. Yes, I’d like to D. Why not ?省略在会话中广泛应用,解题时应按照问话或答语的具体内容补充完整, 做好该类题型一是要注意上下文语境,二是要注意常见句式的省略。 3.--- Where did you see him last night?
--- It was in the hotel ____ he stayed.
A. where B. that
C. which D. /补全强调句式that 部分: It was in the hotel (where he stayed) that I saw him last night.
hotel 后为定语从句。1.The boy always comes to school late although his teacher tells him again and again_______.
A. not to B. not to be
C. not to do D. don’t be
2.---What made you so upset?
---___________.
A. Losing my necklace B. I lost my necklace
C. Because I lost my necklace D. Lost my necklace
3.________ that I travelled with you as my captain!
A. What a good fortune B. What good fortune
C. What a fun D. How for fortunately
4.---Have you been to see our teacher?
---No, but ________.
A. I want B. I’ll go to see
C. I am going to see D. I’m going to
AABD5.--- Have you working condition improved?
--- No, ________ than before, I’m afraid.
A. no better B. a little better
C. not worse D. no worse
6.Don’t stop to look up the words in the dictionary while __________.
A. read B. reading
C. to be read D. being read
7.________ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A. when compared B. compare
C. while comparing D. comparing
8.Is this the reason __________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explainedABAA9.--- would you like some more tea?
---________ please.
A. no more B. just a little
C. I’ve had enough D. yes, I would
10.________ and I’ll get the work finished.
A. have one more hour B. one more hour
C. given one more hour D. if I have one more hour
11.She did what she could _______ him.
A. do B. help C. to help D. helping
12.--- Andrew won’t like it, you know.
--- ________ ? I don’t care what he thinks!
A. so what B. So where
C. so why D. so how
13.--- I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.
--- ________!
A. cheers B. good luck
C. come on D. congratulationsBBCAB1.Tara: This is Tara Patel from Cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please?
Mr. Smith: ______.
A. Hello. B. I’m Mr. Smith.
C. Who are you? D. Speaking.
2.--- I believe we’ve met somewhere before.
--- No, _______.
A. it isn’t the same B. It can’t be true
C. I don’t think so D. I’d rather not
DC3.--- What’s Joan doing?
--- ______ newspapers in the room.
She reading B. She reads
C. To read D. Reading
4.--- Will you waste your time and money on that?
--- Certainly _____.
A. I not B. don’t C. not D. no5.--- What’s Joan doing?
--- ______ newspapers in the room.
She reading B. She reads
C. To read D. Reading
6.--- Will you waste your time and money on that?
--- Certainly _____.
A. I not B. don’t C. not D. no D C7. --- Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
--- _______.
I don’t B. I won’t
C. I can’t D. I haven’t
8. --- Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
--- I____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 7. --- Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
--- _______.
I don’t B. I won’t
C. I can’t D. I haven’t
8. --- Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
--- I____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did B C9. --- Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant?
--- ________. It’s too expensive.
Why not B. I agree
C. I’m afraid not D. I’m sure C10.It is well known that the horse will run faster if _______.
A. is whipped B. whipping
C. it whips D. whipped D11.Friendship is like money; easier made than _______.
kept B. to be kept
C. keeping D. being kept
12. There are now three times as many schools in this city ___ ten years ago.
as it is B. with
C. more than D. as11.Friendship is like money; easier made than _______.
kept B. to be kept
C. keeping D. being kept
12. There are now three times as many schools in this city ___ ten years ago.
as it is B. with
C. more than D. as A D Easier said than done.13.Nothing would prevent _____ out against further injustices.
A. him speaking B. him to speak
C. that he speakD. him against speaking
14. The Town Hall _____ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
to be completed B. being completed
C. completed D. having been completed 13.Nothing would prevent _____ out against further injustices.
A. him speaking B. him to speak
C. that he speakD. him against speaking
14. The Town Hall _____ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
to be completed B. being completed
C. completed D. having been completed A Cprevent /stop sb.( from )doing sth. =which/that was completed15.--- “ Could we put off the meeting ?”
--- “______,” he answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”
Not likely B. Not exactly
C. Not nearly D. Not really
16.Don’t take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if you ______.
A. do B. take C. like D. have 15.--- “ Could we put off the meeting ?”
--- “______,” he answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”
Not likely B. Not exactly
C. Not nearly D. Not really
16.Don’t take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if you ______.
A. do B. take C. like D. have D=I’m afraid not A 17. We all know that, ______ , the situation will get worse.
if dealt not carefully with
if not carefully dealt with
not if dealt carefully with
not if carefully dealt with B =if it is not carefully dealt with18.--Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?
---________.
A.I believe not B. I believe not so
C.I don’t believe it D. I don’t believeA19.--Are there any chair here for us to sit in?
--There are only a few,____.
A. if any B. if some
C. If so D. if has
20. The plane is due to take off at 7:50 from the Airport.
--- ___We fail to arrive there in time?
-- Try to take another flight then.
A. What if B. As if C. Even if D. Only if
21.She said she had lost her bike.____, we should try our best to help her.
If is so B. If it true C. If so D. If there is soAAC