Attributive Clause[上学期]
文档属性
| 名称 | Attributive Clause[上学期] |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 11.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2006-09-10 15:48:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Grammar II定语从句
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
I. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1. 指人 作 主语：who , that
(1). Is he the man who/that wants to see you （who/that在从句中作主语）
2. 指人 作 宾语：whom, that (可以省略)
宾语可以是动词宾语，或介词宾语，如果介词在关系代词前就不可省略，且只能用 whom
(1). He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. （whom/that在从句中作宾语）
3. 指物 作主语: which , that
作宾语： which , that (可省，介词后不能省且只能用which)
(1). The bike which /that is made in Japan belongs to him.
(2).The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
4. 指物的 作定语 whose (of which)
指人的 作定语 whose (of whom)
(1). Please pass me the book whose cover (the cover of which) is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
(2). I know the girl whose father (father of whom) is a teacher.
关系代词that 的用法
1）不用that的情况
a） 引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：
（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b） 介词后不能用。例如：
We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们依赖土地获得食物。
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2） 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a） 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b） 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
c） 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。
d） 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.
e） 先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：
II. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
1. when = 介词+which 表示时间状语
(1).I still remember the day when (on which ) I fisrt met him.
(2).Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
2. where =介词+which 表示地点状语
(1).Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
(2).This is the house in which(where) I lived two years ago.
3. why =for which 表示原因状语 （先行词一般为 reason ,reason 可以没有）
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
一．判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状）也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. （in the museum）
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。
III.限制性和非限制性定语从句
1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
(1).This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
(2).The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
(3). Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
(4). This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
2).非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Grammar II Attributive Clause
[基础练习]历届高考英语单选题精选-定语从句
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
A. that B. which C. what D. it
4) His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.
A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose
5) She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A.it B.which C.this D.that
6) In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom
7) The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.
A.what B.which C.that D.it
8) After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.
A.which B.where C.that D.when
9)．Carol said the work would be done by October,＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.
A. it B.that C.when D.which
10)．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.
A．who B．which C．this D．what
11). Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.
A.which price B.its price C.the price of which D.the price of whose
12). He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English.
A.this B.which C.that D.same
13). Oh the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.
A.whose B.of which C.which D.its
14). The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
A.in which B.in that C.in whose D.whose
15). I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through .
A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how
16）He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science.
A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is
17) I shall never forget those days ____ I spent in the army with the soldiers, ____ has a great effecy on my life.
A. that; which B. when ; which C, when , that D. which; that
18) That is one of those books that _____ worth reading.
A. is B. have C. has D. are
19.) On the bus I saw a student ___ I thought was your brother.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whoever
20) I , _____ your friend, will try my best to help you.
A. that is B. which am C. it is D.who am
21).Is there anything ___ to you
A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs
22).They talked for about an hour of things and persons_____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
23). All the apples ____ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. those C. which D. what
24). I’ll tell you ____ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all
25).He is the only one of the boys who____ the piano well.
A. plays B. play C. playing D. are playing
改错：（应用定语从句易犯的小错误 ）
1. Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
2. The book that you need it is in the library．
3. Anyone who break the law will be punished．
4. Those who has finished may go home．
5. He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school．
6. This is one of the rooms that is free now．
误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。
7. Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．
8. The key opens the bike is missing．
定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。
9. The house where he lives in needs repairing．
10. I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．
11. I still remember the day when we spent together．
12. This is the house where we lived in last year．
13. Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
I. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1. 指人 作 主语：who , that
(1). Is he the man who/that wants to see you （who/that在从句中作主语）
2. 指人 作 宾语：whom, that (可以省略)
宾语可以是动词宾语，或介词宾语，如果介词在关系代词前就不可省略，且只能用 whom
(1). He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. （whom/that在从句中作宾语）
3. 指物 作主语: which , that
作宾语： which , that (可省，介词后不能省且只能用which)
(1). The bike which /that is made in Japan belongs to him.
(2).The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
4. 指物的 作定语 whose (of which)
指人的 作定语 whose (of whom)
(1). Please pass me the book whose cover (the cover of which) is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
(2). I know the girl whose father (father of whom) is a teacher.
关系代词that 的用法
1）不用that的情况
a） 引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：
（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b） 介词后不能用。例如：
We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们依赖土地获得食物。
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2） 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a） 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b） 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
c） 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。
d） 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.
e） 先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：
II. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
1. when = 介词+which 表示时间状语
(1).I still remember the day when (on which ) I fisrt met him.
(2).Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
2. where =介词+which 表示地点状语
(1).Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
(2).This is the house in which(where) I lived two years ago.
3. why =for which 表示原因状语 （先行词一般为 reason ,reason 可以没有）
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
一．判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状）也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. （in the museum）
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。
III.限制性和非限制性定语从句
1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
(1).This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
(2).The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
(3). Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
(4). This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
2).非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Grammar II Attributive Clause
[基础练习]历届高考英语单选题精选-定语从句
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
A. that B. which C. what D. it
4) His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.
A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose
5) She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A.it B.which C.this D.that
6) In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom
7) The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.
A.what B.which C.that D.it
8) After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.
A.which B.where C.that D.when
9)．Carol said the work would be done by October,＿＿＿＿＿personally I doubt very much.
A. it B.that C.when D.which
10)．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.
A．who B．which C．this D．what
11). Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.
A.which price B.its price C.the price of which D.the price of whose
12). He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English.
A.this B.which C.that D.same
13). Oh the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.
A.whose B.of which C.which D.its
14). The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
A.in which B.in that C.in whose D.whose
15). I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through .
A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how
16）He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science.
A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is
17) I shall never forget those days ____ I spent in the army with the soldiers, ____ has a great effecy on my life.
A. that; which B. when ; which C, when , that D. which; that
18) That is one of those books that _____ worth reading.
A. is B. have C. has D. are
19.) On the bus I saw a student ___ I thought was your brother.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whoever
20) I , _____ your friend, will try my best to help you.
A. that is B. which am C. it is D.who am
21).Is there anything ___ to you
A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs
22).They talked for about an hour of things and persons_____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
23). All the apples ____ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. those C. which D. what
24). I’ll tell you ____ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all
25).He is the only one of the boys who____ the piano well.
A. plays B. play C. playing D. are playing
改错：（应用定语从句易犯的小错误 ）
1. Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
2. The book that you need it is in the library．
3. Anyone who break the law will be punished．
4. Those who has finished may go home．
5. He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school．
6. This is one of the rooms that is free now．
误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。
7. Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．
8. The key opens the bike is missing．
定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。
9. The house where he lives in needs repairing．
10. I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．
11. I still remember the day when we spent together．
12. This is the house where we lived in last year．
13. Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？