Book 3 Unit3 reading[下学期]

A fact is anything that can be proved.
An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved.
Language points
一．name. (vt.)
说出……的名称；给……取名；任命；
e.g 1. Can you name all the plants and trees in this garden
2. The couple name the child Dick.
3. Mr. Michael has been named as the new manager.
拓展：name…after…
以……名字命名
call sb. names
辱骂某人
under the name of…
以……为名字
in the name of…
以……的名义
know sb. by name
仅仅知道某人的名字（没有见过面）
e.g 1.The boy was named Tom after his grandfather
(以……名字命名)
2. I arrest you in the name of the law. (以……的名义) arrest:逮捕
二．amount (n.) 数量，总数，总额
（vi）总计，等于，意味着
e.g 1. Now he has a large amount of money. He can do anything he wants with it.
2. The cost amounts to 1,000 yuan.
3. His answer amounts to a refusal.
注意：
“a large amount of +不可数名词”（跟单数谓语）
“large amounts of “+不可数名词”（跟复数谓语）
三bet （vi）打赌，赌博 bet sth. on sth.
bet sb. that
(n.) 打赌 make a bet（on sth. with sb.）
= bet on sth. with sb.
I bet …= I’m certain… 我肯定…
e.g 1. I don’t enjoy betting.
2. She bet all her money on a horse that came last.
3. He bet me $20 that I wouldn’t pass the exam.
4. I made a bet that we would win the football match.
四． be about to do sth. 马上、即将做某事.
五． incredible (adj.) too strange to be believed or very difficult to believe.
难以置信的：不可相信的。
incredibly (adv.) 难以置信地；极端地，非常地。
1. He earns an incredible amount of money in the company.
2. She told us an incredible story.
3. I am sorry I haven’t phoned. I have been incredibly busy this week.
六． permit (vt.) 允许，许可; (vi) 容许
permit sb. to do sth.
permit doing sth.
permit +n / pron. + adv./ adv.phr
e.g
1. Will you permit us to use this room for a meeting this afternoon.
2. We don’t permit smoking in the office.
3. I don’t permit cats in the kitchen.
4 .Weather permitting, we will go camping.
注意:
permit 含有积极的正面意义，多用于正式场合，指给予做谋事的权利，
如通过法令或正式条文“允许做某事。
allow所表示的允许，含有听任、默许之意，有消极的意味，
侧重于听任、默许，不加阻止。
七
Would /Do you mind doing… 劳驾你…好吗？可否请你…？
Would /Do you mind sb./one’s doing…
Would you mind if I DID
…，你不介意吧？
Do you mind if I DO
e.g 1.Would /do you mind my/me using your telephone
=Would you mind if I used your telephone
=Do you mind if I use your telephone.
八
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried to sea by a strong wind.
find oneself… （发现自己来到某处，发现自己处于某种境地，
而且含有一种“在不知不觉中……”的意思）
1. When day broke（拂晓时）, we found ourselves in a small village.
2. I found myself surrounded（包围） by a group of children.
九.
spot. (n.) 斑点，污渍；地点，场所
（vt.）发觉，发现，找出
e.g 1. Which has spots, the leopard（豹） or the tiger
2. There are a lot of grease（油脂） spots on the shirt.
3. This is the very spot where the accident happened.
4. I can’t spot the difference between them.
5. Maggie spotted someone coming out of the building.
十．
passage
(n.) ①走廊，过道；②通道 ③穿过，经过
④乘船旅行的费用，船费 ( earn one’s passage: 挣取旅费)
1. They entered the classroom after a long passage.
2. We forced （强行挤出）a passage through the crowd.
3. The bridge isn’t strong enough to allow the passage of the truck.
4. He couldn’t afford the passage, and so he had to earn his passage
by doing jobs on the ship.
十一．
account for 对……作出解释；说明原因。
1. He couldn’t account for his absence from school.
2. His illness accounted for his absence.
十二. patience patient patiently
impatience impatient impatiently
Using language
1．order
⑴ n .叫/要的酒菜
eg. Has the waitress brought your order
Can I take you order now
V. 在饭店叫 (饭菜, 饮料等)
I have ordered a hamburger.
It’s time to order dinner.
⑵订购, 订货 n ./ v.
eg. We have received an order for two tons of coal.
I ordered some new clothes a month ago at your shop, and now I want to get my order.
⑶ 次序,顺序,工作状况
out of order 不整齐，状况不佳
in order 整齐，处于正常情况。
keep order 保持秩序。
2. manner
⑴ 方式，态度
eg. She has an interesting manner of speaking. 方式
He has a rude manner. 态度
in a… manner 以……方式或态度
I don’t like the manner in which she speaks.
I like ducks cooked in a Chinese manner.(我喜欢中式烤鸭)
⑵ manners, 礼貌,规矩, 礼节
good / bad manners
It’s bad manners to stare at people.
3. simply adv.
⑴简单地,简明地 explain it as simply as you can.
⑵简朴地, 朴实地.On her small income they live very simply.
⑶完全地, 绝对地 I simply refuse to go.
⑷仅仅, 只是He studied many languages simply for pleasure.
4. genuine
adj. (1)真的，正品的：非伪造的，非假冒的
(2)真正的； 真实的；名副其实的
genuine leather真皮
This ring is genuine gold.
这枚戒指是真金的。
All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience.
一切真知都是从直接经验发源的。
a genuine Hawaiian.
纯正的夏威夷人
5. fake
n.冒牌货，赝品
The teapot looked old but was a recent fake.
"这把茶壶貌似古董,却是一件新近制作的赝品。
adj.假的 a fake note ; fake teeth
v. (1) 伪造；捏造; 编造
He faked the story.
(2) 假装；装做
He faked illness. 他假装生病。
6．Indeed adv
(1)的确是；实在是
I was indeed very glad to hear the news.
'Did you hear the explosion last night ' 'Indeed I did.'
"昨天夜里你听到爆炸声了吗 ''“当然,我听到了。'"
(2)（表示惊奇、反语等）真的，的确
“Who is this woman “ “Who is she, indeed!“(I wonder at your asking.)
“这个女人是谁？”“她是谁，真是！”（难道你不知道吗？）
'I earn $1000 a day.' 'Indeed '
'我一天赚一千美元。''真的吗 '
（3）用于very + 形容词或副词后，加强语气
Thank you very much indeed.
实在太感谢你了。
I shall be very glad indeed.
那我真太高兴啦。
7 be +adj. + of sb. 说明某人的本质
be +adj. +for sb. 对某人有好处．
eg. It’s kind of you to help me.
Vegetable is good for your health.
1. equal
v. be equal to sb./sth.与……相同，等于
８．Humor
幽默，幽默感
This story is full of humor. 幽默
He has a good sense of humor. 幽默感
Adj. humorous幽默的，滑稽的。
９．persuade sb. to do sth.
persuade sb into doing sth. 劝某人去做某事（成功了）
eg. I persuade him to take part in the competition.
　　I persuade him into taking part in the competition.