unit 3 new words(江苏省无锡市马山区)

New words
1. curse n. & v
(1) n. ①诅咒（祈天惩罚，伤害或毁灭某物或某人）
be under a ~因被诅咒而受灾祸 Our tribe is under a curse.我们的部族正遭天谴。
lay a curse upon sb.诅咒人
②祸因，祸源 Foxes are a curse to farmers. 狐狸是农民的一种祸害。
(2) v. 诅咒,咒骂 他咒骂那个偷他皮夹的人。He cursed the man who had stolen his wallet.
2. explore v. 勘探,考察; 探索, 探究
They explored the land to the north of the Yellow River. 他们勘查了黄河以北的所有地区
We must explore all the possibilities for the solution of the problem
explorer n. 探索者; 勘探者; 探测器 an Arctic explorer 北极探险家
exploration n. 勘探,考察 oil exploration 石油勘探
3 adventurous adj ①(人)有冒险精神的②(事)充满危险的，惊险的
adventure n. 冒险; 惊险活动; 奇遇; 冒险性(经历)
4 bright adj.
The leaves on the trees are bright green in spring. bright red鲜艳的
Don’t be so bad about your future. You should see the bright side of things.
The doctor has a bright future before him. 乐观的；前途光明的
His teacher didn’t think Edision bright. 聪明的；伶俐的
She gave me a bright smile. 生气勃勃的；愉快的
The sun is brighter than the moon. 闪光的；明亮的；发光的
5 curious adj.
①好奇的，求知欲强的
be curious about sth ,对(某事物)感到好奇 be curious to do很想(做); 渴望(做
be curious that Children are naturally ~about everything around them
小孩子会自然地对周围每一件事感到好奇。
It is good to be curious about the world around you
I’m curious to know what they are talking about. 我很想知道他们在谈论什么。
I’m curious how he will deal with it.我很想知道他如何处理这事的。
②奇特的，难以解释的 It is/ was curious that
真奇怪，他不辞而别。It is curious that he left without saying goodbye.
③好管闲事的 curious neighbors
curiosity n. 好奇（心）；珍品 He is full of curiosity. 他充满了好奇心
curiously adv. curiosity n
6.set sail 启航，开船 have / take a sail
set sail (from/for) : to begin a trip by sea启程去某地
Columbus set sail from barcelona for india in 1492.
Zheng he set sail for the west seven times between 1405 and 1433..
Early in the morning, the ship set sail for Africa
go for a sail
it’s real fun to go for a sail in the mediterranean.
go sailing
They set sail southward
sail vi. & vt. 航行; 驾船; 乘船
His ship sails today. 他的船今天航行 She sailed the boat without any help
7. gold/golden
8. preserve vt.
1) 保护，保存(使免受破坏)
preserve sth.(from)… 保护…以免..
I think the interesting old customs should be preserved.
The ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve dead bodies
2) 维护,保持(状况不变),保养
We must ~ our eyesight. 我们必须保护视力
preserve public order维护公共秩序
preserve the world peace
He has managed to ~ his independence. 他设法保持住自己的独立性。
You look well preserved你看起来保养得很好
3)腌制,保存(食物)
Ice helps to preserve food.冰有助于保存食物。
You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。
preserved fruit蜜饯
well-preserved mummies保存很好的木乃伊
9.discovery n
Make a discovery
Recently scientists have made an important discovery about bird flu.
The discovery of oil by China in the East Sea made the Japanese very jealous.
discoverer n 发现者
10．riches: wealth
Which do you think is more valuable, health or riches
So riches mean nothing to you when you are ill.
be rich in 盛产，丰富
Oranges are rich in vitamin C.
jewel: often used in its plural form-- jewels
She is too poor to buy jewels/jewellery.
People usually buy jewels at the jeweller’s.
jewellery: u.n
Gold jewllery is no longer in fashion now.
11 as well as和,也,不仅…而且…
He gave me money as well as advice
He gave me advice, and money as well
The children are adventurous as well as bright
The children are bright, and adventurous as well.
as well as 除…以外还…; 和…一样也…
The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.(谓语动词与前面的那个保持人称和数一致)
We expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.（若连接两个不定式，如第一个带有to,则第二个就不带to）
She sings and paints as well as playing the piano.
not only…but also…
Not only the teacher but also the students wish for a holiday.
12.empty adj. & vt. to remove everything that is in a container
1) adj. ① 空的; I looked into the classroom but I found it empty.
There’re two empty seats in the room.
②空洞的,空虚的, 无意义的
空谈, 废话empty talk 空洞的诺言empty promises 空虚的生活an empty life
2)vt. to remove everything that is in a container弄空, 饮干, 搬[腾, 倒]空
empty a glass干杯, 喝干 empty a house搬空房屋
The police made him empty his pockets of everything. 警察叫他把口袋里的东西都掏出来
Don’t forget to empty the waste paper basket classroom after cleaning the classroom every day.
empty sth. of sth.
I emptied my handbag of everything, but still couldn’t find my key
empty-handed 空手的，徒手的 empty-headed 愚蠢的，无脑筋的
13.present
adj. 出席的，在场的（做表语或后置定语）be present at
All the students present at the meeting are from class 5.
现在的，现存的（做前置定语） the present government/ tense
n. /’preznt/ = gift 礼物；目前，现在
They exchange presents at Christmas.
at present He is in Shanghai at present.
for the present I can’t remember it for the present.
vt. /pri’zent/ 赠与，交给，呈递
present the village with a new library present a new library to the village
出现，出席
present oneself at a friend’s house present oneself for exam
14.coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧, 巧合的事
What a coincidence! 多么巧合啊 It’s a coincidence that…‥‥是巧合(偶然
by coincidence= by chance碰巧， 由于巧合
coincident adj. 同时发生的；巧合的;一致的
15.disturb v. 打扰，扰乱
disturb the early morning打破清晨的宁静 disturb the minds of the people扰乱人心
disturb the peace扰乱平静 Do not disturb请勿打扰
She has disturbed his plans for going abroad. 她打乱了他出国的全部计划。
A light wind disturbed the surface of the water微风拂动水面。
He was disturbed to hear her illness. (make someone worry)
Don’t disturb the papers on my desk. (move something or change its position)
16.result
vi. 产生，发生，导致
If the police leave, disorder will result
result from 产生于…，由…引起
His failure resulted from not working hard enough
result in
make something happen; cause; lead to引起，导致…；以…为结局
Heavy rains may result in flooding
The earthquake in tangshan in 1976 resulted in more than 240,000 deaths and 160,000 injuries.
His careless speech resulted in much argument.他的过于草率的发言引来许多争议.
The quarrel resulted in his mother leaving the home.
n. 结果；效果
the football results
without result毫无结果地
as a result ( of ) 作为(…的)结果
His father liked smoking. As a result, he died of lung cancer last year.
他父亲喜欢抽烟, 因此, 去年死于肺癌
He died of lung last year as a result of smoking
17.certain
be sure；be certain的用法辨析
be sure /be certain意为“相信”、“确信”、“对……有把握”。用法如下：
①“Be sure/certain of/about+名词／动名词”。表示当事人（句子主语）的肯定看法，句子主语必须是人。如：
I’m sure/certain of his coming.我相信他一定来。
We’re certain/sure about winning the game.我们一定会赢得这次比赛。
② “Be sure/certain to do sth.”。指说话人的判断或推测。句子的主语可以是人，也可以是物。如： He is sure/certain to come.他一定回来。
It’s sure/certain to rain tomorrow.天一定回下雨。
③“Be sure/certain + that-clause”。表示说话人的看法，主语必须是人。主句谓语通常为肯定式。若主句谓语为否定式，that需换成whetherr/if.如：
I’m sure/certain he is honest.我相信他是诚实的。
I’m not sure/certain whether he is honest.我不敢肯定他是否诚实。
④ “be sure/certain + wh-clause”或“be sure/certain + 疑问词＋动词不定式”。 表示说话人的看法，主语必须是人。主句谓语常用于否定式或疑问式。如：
I’m not sure/certain where she lives.我不敢肯定她住哪儿。
Are you sure/certain who she is 你能确信她是谁吗？
I’m not sure/certain what to do next.我不知道下步该做什么。
⑤It作形式主语，将主语从句后置时，一般不用sure,而用certain.如：
It is certain that he will succeed.他一定会成功的。
⑥在祈使句中，一般用be sure,而不用certain.如：
Be sure to write to me as soon as you get there.你一到达那里，务必给我写信
18.pay off
(1) 使人得益，有报偿.（尤指冒险的计划或行动）成功，奏效，达到目的，回报
His patience and hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.
他的耐心和刻苦最终使他赢得了金牌。
Hard-working pays off in the long term. 长远看，辛勤劳动最终会有好结果
It was a risk but it paid off. 这确实冒险，但有效果。
(2) 还清 Soon after he left school, he paid off all his debt.
(3) （付清工资）后解雇pay sb. off
The boss paid off the employees.老板付清雇工工资后解雇了他们。
(4) 付清工资 They are usually paid off at weekends.他们一般在周末领工资。
pay back 偿还；报复 I am sure that he will pay back every cent he owes you.我敢肯定，他会分文不差地把欠款还给你。
How can I pay you pack for all your kindness 我怎样报答你所有的好意呢？
pay for 为付钱；赔偿；因…受罚，因…受痛苦
We got to the hotel, and I paid for the taxi.我们到了旅馆，我付了出租汽车费。
I have to pay 150 yuan for the sewing machine.我得花150元买这台缝纫机。
He paid dearly for his mistake.他为他的错误付出了高昂的代价。
pare vt.
compare A to B compare A with B
He began to compare himself with the other students.
Young people are compared to the rising sun.
The poet compared his lover to a rose.
compared with/to 与…，作状语，可放于句首或句末
20.express v表达，表现 express … to sb, express oneself
我发觉难以表达我的感情。 她向我们致谢。
我无法用语言表达当时的感受。 他仍然不能用英语表达他的意思。
expression n
21. base n 基地，大本营，基础
She used her family’s story as a base of her novel.
His arguments had a good economic base.
The air base was set up in 1980.
base vt base sth. on/upon 建于…之上；以…为根据
Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay.
One should always base one's opinions on facts.
I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.
22.survive v vt. vi. 经历（灾难等）后还活着；在……中幸存，生还下来；比……长寿;
Only one passenger survived the terrible car crash.在那次可怕的撞车事故中只有一个乘客生还。
Few buildings survived (after) the earthquake. 地震过后，所剩房屋寥寥无几。
The man survived in the desert for a week on biscuits and water.
那个人依靠饼干和水在沙漠里生存了一个星期。
The lady survived her son.（The son is survived by the mother.）
那位老妇人活过了她的儿子。（即他儿子都老死了，她还活着）
用法小结：
survive sth. 在某事后生存下来 survive sb. 活过某人
His parents died in the accident, but he survived.他的父母在那场事故中死亡了，但是他存活下来。
Few people survived the big fire in the theater.很少人在那次剧院大火中生还。
Survivor n Survial n
23warning n
Because of her warning, I was careful.
warn v
英语里没有warn to do 的用法，
只有warn of doing ,warn sb (not ) to do ,warn sb against sth/doing sth
（1）I warned you not to buy that old car . 我劝你不要买那辆旧汽车。
（2）They were warned not to climb the mountain is such bad weather .
有人劝诫他们不要在这么坏的天气去登那座山。
24.once
　一、作副词用
　　1. 表示"一次;一回",通常用在句末。如:
　　①We have been there once. 我们到过那儿一次。
　　②I'm going to tell him once. 我将告诉他一回。
　　2. 表示"曾经;一度;从前",常位于系动词be之后,行为动词之前.若表达过去有过某种经验和经历时,也可放在句首,作状语。如:
①This film was once very popular, but nobody sees it now.
这部影片一度很受欢迎,可是现在没有人看它了。
　　②I once lived in the south of China. 我一度住在中国南方。
　　③Once he worked in the factory. 他从前在那个工厂工作过。
　　3. 与not连用,表示"一次也不;完全不",用于否定句,若位于句首,主谓用倒装语序。如:
　　①I couldn't once understand what he meant. 我完全不能理解他的意思。
　　②Not once did Mr Wang mention his feeling. 王先生从来没有提到过他的感受。
　　4.表示"一旦",用于条件状语从句中。如:
　　If you once lose confidence, you can never expect to do your work well. 如果你一旦失去信心,就别想做好工作。
　　二、作名词用
　　表示"一次;一回",作主语或宾语.如:
　　①Once is enough for me. 我一次就够了。
　　②For once she was telling the truth. 她就这一回说了真话。
　　三、作形容词用
　　表示"曾一度的;从前的",作定语.如:
　　This is the once capital of that nation. 这是那个国家的旧都.
　　四、作从属连词用
　　表示"一旦……就……",引导时间状语从句,表示时间上的两个动作或两件事彼此紧接着发生,同时带有条件意味。若从句中的主语与主句主语相同,且谓语中含有be时,可以省略从句的主语和be。如:
1 Once you have taken the examination, you will be able to relax.
你一旦考完试就可以轻松一下。
②Once(it is)found, any mistake must be corrected.
一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。
含有once的短语
1. once upon a time表示"从前",常用于故事的开头。如:
Once upon a time there was a giant with two heads. 从前有个两头巨人。
2. all at once 表示"突然"。如:
　All at once, I remembered. 突然我记起来了。
　3. at once表示"马上;立刻"。如:
　You must go to work at once. 你必须马上去上班。
　4. once more 表示"再一次",可用once over或once again替代。如:
　Would you please say it once more 请您再说一遍好吗
　5. once or twice 表示"几次"。如:
　I made the same mistake once or twice. 同一错误我犯了好几次。
25.prove
一、prove作"证明;证实"解时
1.prove+名词/代词 He has proved his courage in the battle.他已在作战中证明了他的勇气.
This further proved the strength of our economy.这进一步证明了我们的经济实力.
2.prove+直接宾语(sth.)+to+间接宾语(sb.)
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法.
Can you prove your theory to us 你能向我们证实你的理论吗
3.prove+宾语+宾语补足语
(1)形容词作宾语补足语 They proved themselves wise and brave.他们证实自己机智、勇敢.
(2)名词作宾语补足语 He has proved himself a success.他已证明了自己是个成功者.
(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语
All this proved him to be an honest man.这一切都证明他是一个诚实的人.
4.prove+宾语从句
Can you prove where you were on May 10th 你能证实五月十日你在什么地方吗
二、prove作"证明是;结果是;事实说明"解时,用作连系动词,可用于以下句型:
1.prove+形容词
The handbook proved most useful.这本手册证明很有用.
The medicine proved satisfactory.结果证明这药疗效令人满意.
2.prove+名词
She proved a very strict teacher.结果证明她是一位非常严格的老师.
His efforts, however, proved a failure.但他的努力结果都失败了.
3.prove+介词短语或副词
Perhaps this book will prove of some use to you in your studies.也许这本书会对你的研究有用处.　　
4.prove+动词不定式
As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.随着时间的推移,爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的.
26.manage. vt "管理；经营；负责"
Your mother has a genius for managing such things. 你母亲有管理此类事情的才能。
I don't think it's altogether her shop; I think she just manages it.
我认为这不完全是她的商店，她只是负责管理而已。
vi 意为"设法（终于）完成（某件困难的事）"，其后通常接不定式。
Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport
We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.无论如何我们最终得到了我们想要的。
The shirt was very dirty, but he managed to clean it. 这件衬衫很脏，但他设法把它弄干净了。
注意：如果指"设法"做某事，但不知是否成功，通常用try to do sth. 结构。如：
The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way. 猎人设法逃出森林，但他迷路了。
vi "能办到；设法解决；勉强维持"。如：
We have a little food, but we can manage. 我们只有一点儿食物，但我们能应付过去。
How will you manage without a job 没有工作你怎么生活？
n 不可数management，意为"经营；管理"；可数的manager，意为"经理；管理人"。
The failure was caused by bad management. 失败是经营不善所致。
She's not a very good manager-she always spends more money than she earns.
她不大会理财--总是入不敷出。
27 qualified adj 有资格的；合格的
He is a qualified doctor. He is qualified for his job.
qualify v 具有资格 qualification n 资格
28.position方位；位置
Can you find our position on this map The position is very critical. 情势很危急。
He's got a good position as a sales manager.
What is your position on the new taxes 关于新税法你有何见解？
29.live vt
He is our model .He can live his own dream by himself.
adj. There is a live concert on TV tonight.(现场直播的)
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