unit3 grammar[上学期]
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课件26张PPT。1.许多
2.处理，应付
3.就某事与某人打赌
4.正要做某事
5.允许某人做…
6. 领路
7.介意某人做某事
8. 进行;发生an hour and a halfshow sb outto be honest account for be spotted bystare atby accident as a matter of fact go ahead do/deal withlead the way permit sb. to do… a large amount of make a bet with sb on… be about to do sthmind sb/sb’s doing9. 事实上
10. 碰巧，偶然地
11. 盯着某人看
12. 被……发现
13.作为……的原因
14. 老实说
15.把某人领出去
16.一个半小时17.取某人的菜单
18.动身去…..
19. 众所周知
20.冒险
21.以粗鲁的方式
22.付帐;买单
23.请稍等
24.由……发行
25 注意
26.穿得破烂
27.首次
28.一份殊荣
29.尽管;即使
30.对于take one’s order leave forIt is well-known thattake a chance in a rude manner pay the bill just one momentbe issued bygive attention to in ragsfor the first time a great honor even if as for sentence patterns:
1.Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.
3.I don’t think it’s very funny.
4.It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.
5.Just having you sit here is a great honor!
GrammarNoun Clauses名词性从句 名词性从句
noun clause 主语从句
subject clause 宾语从句
object clause 表语从句
predicative clause 同位语从句
appositive clause宾语从句
object clause 表语从句
Predicative clause宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 介词或形容词之后。引导词有连词that (that可省),if,whether;代词有who,whose,what,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:1. 作动词的宾语
She did not know what had happened.
I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 2. 作介词的宾语
The teacher is pleased with what she has said.3. 作形容词的宾语
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
I?am?sure?(that)?you?will?make?greater?progress?in?English? through?hard?work. 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的表语,一般放在主句的谓语动词
（be动词和连系动词）后面．引导词有连词that
(that 不可省),whether, as if, because; 代词有who,
what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him.
This is how Henry solved the problem.
It looks as if it is going to rain.表语从句常见的系动词有：
look，seem，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，become，turn等1.听起来好像有人在敲门。
2.那是因为他没有理解我.（That‘s because…强调原因）
3.那正是他对我生气的原因。（That‘s why…强调结果)
4.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
5.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
That's because he didn't understand me.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.That's why he got angry with me.The problem is who we can get to replace her.My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.objectTell the fun_ction of the following sentences.I can’t say that I have any plans.
I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning.
That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
I’m afraid I don’t quite follow you, sir.
I don’t think it’s very funny.objectpredicativeobjectobjectobjectMore sentences on P20:
I don’t know will help Henry to win the bet.
I can’t yet tell you I like this play or not.
I can’t describe I would feel if someone gave me a million yuan.
I know Henry must be worried about what will happen to him.
The brothers won’t say they decided to make the bet.who whetherhowthatwhy 宾语从句注意点：1.否定的转移：
当主句的主语是第一人称，且主句的谓语动词是 think,believe;suppose;expect;consider;guess等感知动词时，人们常把对宾语从句的否定前移到主句中去的现象。例如： 1.I don’t think this dress fits you well.
2.I don’t suppose you will finish the work today.
3.Roderick doesn’t believe that a man can survive in the
city for a month with only a million pound bank-note in his possession． （1）I don’t think that it’s right for you to do so.我认为你这样做是不对的。 这个句子中明显把对从句的否定转移到了主句中。 （2）We don’t believe that Tom can pass the driving test,_______? A.do we B.don’t we C.can he D.can’t he
该主从复合句的反意疑问句的后部就是与从句保持一致，正确的选项为C项。(1) They want to know _____ do to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can
C. how they can D. how can they
(2) These photographs will show you _____.
what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
(3) Can you make sure _____ the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
BBC2.陈述语序在名词性从句中，当从句是疑问句时,要遵循陈述语序的原则。(4) No one can be sure _____ in a million years.
what man will look like
B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like
(5) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.
who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
(6) —We haven't heard from Jane for a long time.
—What do you suppose _____ to her.
was happening B. to happen
C. has happened D. having happened
CAD3.宾语从句的时态特点：?a. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句可用任何时态．从句时态可以与主句一致，也可以根据具体情况或具体意义来确定。b. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，从句的时态则相应地使用一般过去时/过去将来时/
过去完成时/过去进行时等。
I?didn’t?think?he?was?wrong?yesterday. The policeman asked him what he was doing at midnight yesterday.
I told you yesterday that I had returned your book． I?wondered?whether?you?would?mind?doing?me?a?favor. I?think?she’ll?come?in?time. I?think?he?has?already?finished?his?homework.? 3.如果宾语从句的内容为客观真理、自然现象、名言警句或谚语等，不管主句是什么时态， 从句都用原时态。如：
My teacher told me that all is not gold that glitters. When I was young, my father often told me that knowledge is power (力量). 4.It 作形式宾语：it不仅可以作形式主语，还可以作形式宾语。
在“及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构中，宾语如果是由从句来担任，则通常放在宾语补足语的后面，而在原来的宾语位置上用it作形式宾语如： It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.
We heard it that she would get married next month.
We think it important that every student should obey school rules.“it”作形式主语或形式宾语： 1.We?must?make___ clear?that?anyone?who?breaks?the?law?
will?be?punished.? A. it? B. that C. these D. them
2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless.
A. / B. it C. that D. how
3. It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning grey.
A．while B. that C．if? D．for
4 Will you see to ____ that the luggage is brought back?
A. we B. yourself C. it D. them
5 It's well known ____ the earth moves round the sun.
A. / B. why C. what D. thatABBCDwhether和if都可以引导名词性从句，表示“是否”，一般情况下可以通用，在口语中多用if。但在下列情况下，只用whether不用if。 whether 与if 的选择： 1.在whether --- or not 的固定搭配中，只能用whether 。如：
I want to know whether it’s good news or not .
我想知道是否是好消息。2. 在介词后，只能用whether。如：
His father is worried about whether he loses his work .
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。3.跟不定式连用，只能用whether. 如：
Please tell us whether to go or stay there.4.在表语从句中，只能用whether.如：
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.5. whether 与if 的选择： 5.当由if引导宾语从句会产生歧义时，宜用whether。如：
Please tell me if you need the book.
此句可有两种解释：
a.请告诉我你是否需要这本书。
b.如果你需要这本书，请告诉我。
若想表示前一种意思时，应用whether为好。I don’t know _______ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is ______ this book is worth writing.
4. Success depends on ______ we make enough effort.
５._______ you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.A. whether B. if A / BAAAB1.I don’t know what you want.
2.She?is?no?longer?what?she?was?five?years?ago.
3. I think (that) you will like the stamps. that:what:只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，
不能省略，表示“什么；所……的事(物、话)”相当
于the thing that。 归纳6. that, what引导名词性从句的区别Fill in the blanks I am surprised he has left without saying goodbye to us.
I don’t know he is doing there.
Please tell me she has gone.
Please find out the train leaves.
The question is the film is worth seeing.
That’s he didn’t come yesterday.
I don’t know will attend the meeting.
Will you tell me I can keep healthy?
The problem is we can get enough food.
He asked pen it wasthatwhatwhenwhetherwhywhohowhowwhosewhereExercises:Choose the best answerCan you tell me the railway station ?
A. how I can get to B. how can I get to
C. where I can get to D. where can I get to
2. He asked me his story.
A. I liked B. did you like C. whether I like D. if I liked
3. Tim told his teacher that he born in 1986.
A. was B. had been C. is D. has been
4. A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.
A. how B. after C. what D. when5. Mother asked the kid with his toy car.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter
C. what the matter is D. what the matter is
6. She told me that she___ you in London a year before.
A. had met B. met C. would meet D. has met
7. This depends on the weather will be fine.
A. if B. whether C. that D. how
8. Parents are taught to understand important education is
to their children’s future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so9.Go and get your coat. It's_______you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there
10.---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game?
---Oh, that's_______ . (2003北京春季)
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
11.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---Is that_______ you had a few days off?
(NMET1999)
A. why B. when C. what D. where Practice – choosing ( 10m )Can you correct the mistakes?
1.We looked back to see where were we and
how far were we from the camp.
2.He asked me that what I intended to do after
graduation.3.My mother told me what the purpose of our visit is.we werewas4.He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart.
5. My worry is that he can get there on time.
6. The reason why he failed was because he hadn’t studied hard.
7. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want.thatwhetherthatwhichever8.This is all what we should do.that
2.处理，应付
3.就某事与某人打赌
4.正要做某事
5.允许某人做…
6. 领路
7.介意某人做某事
8. 进行;发生an hour and a halfshow sb outto be honest account for be spotted bystare atby accident as a matter of fact go ahead do/deal withlead the way permit sb. to do… a large amount of make a bet with sb on… be about to do sthmind sb/sb’s doing9. 事实上
10. 碰巧，偶然地
11. 盯着某人看
12. 被……发现
13.作为……的原因
14. 老实说
15.把某人领出去
16.一个半小时17.取某人的菜单
18.动身去…..
19. 众所周知
20.冒险
21.以粗鲁的方式
22.付帐;买单
23.请稍等
24.由……发行
25 注意
26.穿得破烂
27.首次
28.一份殊荣
29.尽管;即使
30.对于take one’s order leave forIt is well-known thattake a chance in a rude manner pay the bill just one momentbe issued bygive attention to in ragsfor the first time a great honor even if as for sentence patterns:
1.Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.
3.I don’t think it’s very funny.
4.It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.
5.Just having you sit here is a great honor!
GrammarNoun Clauses名词性从句 名词性从句
noun clause 主语从句
subject clause 宾语从句
object clause 表语从句
predicative clause 同位语从句
appositive clause宾语从句
object clause 表语从句
Predicative clause宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 介词或形容词之后。引导词有连词that (that可省),if,whether;代词有who,whose,what,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:1. 作动词的宾语
She did not know what had happened.
I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 2. 作介词的宾语
The teacher is pleased with what she has said.3. 作形容词的宾语
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
I?am?sure?(that)?you?will?make?greater?progress?in?English? through?hard?work. 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的表语,一般放在主句的谓语动词
（be动词和连系动词）后面．引导词有连词that
(that 不可省),whether, as if, because; 代词有who,
what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him.
This is how Henry solved the problem.
It looks as if it is going to rain.表语从句常见的系动词有：
look，seem，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，become，turn等1.听起来好像有人在敲门。
2.那是因为他没有理解我.（That‘s because…强调原因）
3.那正是他对我生气的原因。（That‘s why…强调结果)
4.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
5.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
That's because he didn't understand me.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.That's why he got angry with me.The problem is who we can get to replace her.My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.objectTell the fun_ction of the following sentences.I can’t say that I have any plans.
I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning.
That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
I’m afraid I don’t quite follow you, sir.
I don’t think it’s very funny.objectpredicativeobjectobjectobjectMore sentences on P20:
I don’t know will help Henry to win the bet.
I can’t yet tell you I like this play or not.
I can’t describe I would feel if someone gave me a million yuan.
I know Henry must be worried about what will happen to him.
The brothers won’t say they decided to make the bet.who whetherhowthatwhy 宾语从句注意点：1.否定的转移：
当主句的主语是第一人称，且主句的谓语动词是 think,believe;suppose;expect;consider;guess等感知动词时，人们常把对宾语从句的否定前移到主句中去的现象。例如： 1.I don’t think this dress fits you well.
2.I don’t suppose you will finish the work today.
3.Roderick doesn’t believe that a man can survive in the
city for a month with only a million pound bank-note in his possession． （1）I don’t think that it’s right for you to do so.我认为你这样做是不对的。 这个句子中明显把对从句的否定转移到了主句中。 （2）We don’t believe that Tom can pass the driving test,_______? A.do we B.don’t we C.can he D.can’t he
该主从复合句的反意疑问句的后部就是与从句保持一致，正确的选项为C项。(1) They want to know _____ do to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can
C. how they can D. how can they
(2) These photographs will show you _____.
what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
(3) Can you make sure _____ the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
BBC2.陈述语序在名词性从句中，当从句是疑问句时,要遵循陈述语序的原则。(4) No one can be sure _____ in a million years.
what man will look like
B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like
(5) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.
who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
(6) —We haven't heard from Jane for a long time.
—What do you suppose _____ to her.
was happening B. to happen
C. has happened D. having happened
CAD3.宾语从句的时态特点：?a. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句可用任何时态．从句时态可以与主句一致，也可以根据具体情况或具体意义来确定。b. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，从句的时态则相应地使用一般过去时/过去将来时/
过去完成时/过去进行时等。
I?didn’t?think?he?was?wrong?yesterday. The policeman asked him what he was doing at midnight yesterday.
I told you yesterday that I had returned your book． I?wondered?whether?you?would?mind?doing?me?a?favor. I?think?she’ll?come?in?time. I?think?he?has?already?finished?his?homework.? 3.如果宾语从句的内容为客观真理、自然现象、名言警句或谚语等，不管主句是什么时态， 从句都用原时态。如：
My teacher told me that all is not gold that glitters. When I was young, my father often told me that knowledge is power (力量). 4.It 作形式宾语：it不仅可以作形式主语，还可以作形式宾语。
在“及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构中，宾语如果是由从句来担任，则通常放在宾语补足语的后面，而在原来的宾语位置上用it作形式宾语如： It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.
We heard it that she would get married next month.
We think it important that every student should obey school rules.“it”作形式主语或形式宾语： 1.We?must?make___ clear?that?anyone?who?breaks?the?law?
will?be?punished.? A. it? B. that C. these D. them
2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless.
A. / B. it C. that D. how
3. It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning grey.
A．while B. that C．if? D．for
4 Will you see to ____ that the luggage is brought back?
A. we B. yourself C. it D. them
5 It's well known ____ the earth moves round the sun.
A. / B. why C. what D. thatABBCDwhether和if都可以引导名词性从句，表示“是否”，一般情况下可以通用，在口语中多用if。但在下列情况下，只用whether不用if。 whether 与if 的选择： 1.在whether --- or not 的固定搭配中，只能用whether 。如：
I want to know whether it’s good news or not .
我想知道是否是好消息。2. 在介词后，只能用whether。如：
His father is worried about whether he loses his work .
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。3.跟不定式连用，只能用whether. 如：
Please tell us whether to go or stay there.4.在表语从句中，只能用whether.如：
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.5. whether 与if 的选择： 5.当由if引导宾语从句会产生歧义时，宜用whether。如：
Please tell me if you need the book.
此句可有两种解释：
a.请告诉我你是否需要这本书。
b.如果你需要这本书，请告诉我。
若想表示前一种意思时，应用whether为好。I don’t know _______ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is ______ this book is worth writing.
4. Success depends on ______ we make enough effort.
５._______ you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.A. whether B. if A / BAAAB1.I don’t know what you want.
2.She?is?no?longer?what?she?was?five?years?ago.
3. I think (that) you will like the stamps. that:what:只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，没有词义起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，
不能省略，表示“什么；所……的事(物、话)”相当
于the thing that。 归纳6. that, what引导名词性从句的区别Fill in the blanks I am surprised he has left without saying goodbye to us.
I don’t know he is doing there.
Please tell me she has gone.
Please find out the train leaves.
The question is the film is worth seeing.
That’s he didn’t come yesterday.
I don’t know will attend the meeting.
Will you tell me I can keep healthy?
The problem is we can get enough food.
He asked pen it wasthatwhatwhenwhetherwhywhohowhowwhosewhereExercises:Choose the best answerCan you tell me the railway station ?
A. how I can get to B. how can I get to
C. where I can get to D. where can I get to
2. He asked me his story.
A. I liked B. did you like C. whether I like D. if I liked
3. Tim told his teacher that he born in 1986.
A. was B. had been C. is D. has been
4. A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.
A. how B. after C. what D. when5. Mother asked the kid with his toy car.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter
C. what the matter is D. what the matter is
6. She told me that she___ you in London a year before.
A. had met B. met C. would meet D. has met
7. This depends on the weather will be fine.
A. if B. whether C. that D. how
8. Parents are taught to understand important education is
to their children’s future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so9.Go and get your coat. It's_______you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there
10.---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game?
---Oh, that's_______ . (2003北京春季)
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
11.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---Is that_______ you had a few days off?
(NMET1999)
A. why B. when C. what D. where Practice – choosing ( 10m )Can you correct the mistakes?
1.We looked back to see where were we and
how far were we from the camp.
2.He asked me that what I intended to do after
graduation.3.My mother told me what the purpose of our visit is.we werewas4.He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart.
5. My worry is that he can get there on time.
6. The reason why he failed was because he hadn’t studied hard.
7. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want.thatwhetherthatwhichever8.This is all what we should do.that