unit 7 language points[上学期]

课件24张PPT。I can become infected with HIV by swimming in a pool, holding hands or kissing someone with HIV.infect vt. 传染;感染;使受影响/感染;污染、败坏
?infect sb with sth ?sb be/become/get infected with sth
Be careful not to be infected with HIV.
When in prison he was infected with all sorts of antisocial ideas.
Having eaten some infected food he felt sick and was sent to hospital in no time.
A village in Henan province is the most heavily infected area in Chian.
infection n.传染、感染；传染病
infectious adj.传染性的；有感染力的transmit vt. 传播、传染、传导
Medical studies show that the AIDS virus cannot be transmitted via the following routes:…
The information is transmitted from one computer to another through a telephone line.
Glass transmits light but not sound ?transmission n.
contract vt.感染、染上sb contract sth (be infected with sth) ~ pneumonia/a bad habit/a debt
vt&vi. （使）缩小/收缩；订契约、立合同
Metal contracts as it becomes cool.
The firm contracted with the government to build the new railway within the year.
n.契约、合同；合同书、契约书 sign a ~
contract in同意参与、订约加入
contract out 退出合同，同意不加入/不参与…try to persuade the other group members that your problem is the most serious one.persuade sb to do sth说服
persuade sb into/out of doing sth
persuade sb of/out of sth
persuade sb that clause
I persuaded him out of the idea of dropping the experiment.
I have persuaded my dad to give up smoking. ?
I have persuaded my dad into giving up smoking.
I have persuaded my dad out of smoking.
I persuaded Robert that the journey was too dangerous and he didn't go.try to persuade sb to do sth试图说服/劝说
advise sb to do sth/into doing sth劝说
fail to persuade sb to do sth未能说服People who have not injected drugs do not need to get tested for HIV.1)get + v-ed:系表结构(变得)或被动语态(被…)get married/engaged to sb. get used/accustomed to (doing)sth, get drunk… get lost/wounded/destroyed/burnt/started/paid/read 2)need: vt&n./modal verb 1)需要 2)必须,有必要Subj. need sth/to do sth/Subj. need doing/to be done; Subj. need obj. to do/done
in (great) need/in need of; meet one’s need(s), there’s no need to do sthTranslation:你干这一工作需要有极大的耐心. 我的外套需要缝补一下.我需要你帮助我.You need a lot of patience to do the work.My coat needs mending/to be mended.I need my coat mendedI need you to help me.born
1) born +adj./n. 生为…
He is born Chinese/gifted/clever.
The children are born lucky.
No man is born wise.
2) adj. 天生的；
Sb. be a born leader /writer/loser/athlet.
She is a born singer . 她天生是一个歌唱家。dyingdead death (die died died ) dyingadj. n. v. He is a Chinese-born American./American-born Chinese.
He is considered to be nobly-born and well-educated.AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections… 1)break down vt&vi.
① vt. 破坏、消除；打倒、砸破；分解、划分
break down resistance/opposition/one’s shyness
The boys broke down the door and rushed in.
Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances.
Break down your expenditure into bills and food.
②vi. 坏了,出故障；身体垮了,衰弱; 失败；分解; 感情崩溃、情不自禁地哭起来
My car broke down on my way home.
Her health broke down when she heard the news
He broke down and wept when hearing the news.
Negotiations between the two sides broke down.
Expenditure breaks down as follows.break up/break down (使)分解。但前者常表物理的分解或粉碎,而表化学分解时常用后者。
break up 粉碎、破碎；散开、解散；（婚姻、关系）破裂
break away (from) 挣脱、逃脱；摆脱、脱离
break out 爆发、发生；（疾病）流行
break off 停顿、中断；折断、断开
break with sb与某人断绝关系
break through突破（障碍、包围等）
break in 强行闯入；侵入
break into 闯入、破门而入
(NMET03)News reports say peace talks between the two countries ____with no agreement reached.
have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in D. have broken up?leave sb/sth + adj/n/prep/adv/done/doing
Leave the door open and leave the lights off/on.
The boy were left alone in the yard.
He went to play basketball, leaving his homework undone.
He often leaves his room unlocked.
(04NMET) Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your tooth.
A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
leave sb/sth behind 忘记带、丢下；超过；永久离开
leave sb/sth out 不包括、不提及；忽略、遗漏2) leave vt: allow sb or sth to be in a state
使…处于某种状态，听任；让Her father, who also has AIDS, takes care of her, but Xiaohua misses her mother.take care of?care for?care 1) vt/vi操心，焦虑，忧虑；关心，在乎 ?care about sth/wh. clause他唯一关心的只是金钱。The only thing he cares about is money.他真的在乎我们比赛的输赢。He really cares whether we wins or lose.That is the best way to show that we care and that we don‘t have to feel lonely.2)vt.愿意，喜欢，想Would you care to wait here, sir, until the manager can see you?care about/for: To care _____ something is to think it is important while to care ____ somebody or something means “to like” in negative sentences or questions. To care _____somebody also means “to look after”, making it the same as “to take care of”.Take care (not)to do； be careful (not)to do/with /of/that clause 当心,注意careful, careless, carefully, carelesslylack: 1. vt. 缺少;没有
I don‘t seem to lack anything. 我好像什么也不缺。
She lacks confidence.
2.vi. 缺少;不足;没有[(+for)] 常用于否定句
They lacked for nothing.他们什么都不缺少。
3.n. 欠缺;不足;没有
He can not buy it because of his lack of money.
4.lacking (adj.)
be lacking in (wisdom,courage,humor)缺乏(某种品质、特点等）不够……
He seemed to be lacking in courage.The disease is spreading fast…mainly because of a lack of proper health care…a lack of rest 缺乏休息
a lack of money 缺乏金钱
a lack of care 缺乏关心
a lack of water 缺乏水be short of
be absence of
Xiaohua knows that she will die before she has a chance to grow old, but she does not let that knowledge discourage her./She spends much of her time telling others about her disease and encouraging people to learn how to protect …1.chance/ability/effort/means/measure/reason/right/time/way/attempt/decision/promise/wish/plan to dodiscourage sb(from doing)/encourage sb to do不要对那消息感到沮丧。 我们劝他打消爬山的念头。 老师鼓励我出国进修。Don’t be discouraged at/by the news. We discouraged him from going to the mountain.The teacher encouraged me to study abroad.discouraged 感到沮丧的 discouraging 令人沮丧的
encouraged 受到鼓舞的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的cheer (sb/sth) up vt&vi.(使) 高兴/振作起来、增添色彩Cheer up! Our troubles will soon be over.The news cheered him up.She also goes to visit other AIDS patients in hospitals across the country to support them and cheer them up.cheer vt 使高兴；使鼓舞; vi.欢呼；喝彩 Everyone was cheered by the good news.The boys cheered their football team.cheer n. (c) 欢呼声 give a cheer A cheer arose from the crowd when he came.A few pictures would cheer up this room.cheer sb on 给某人打气As the runners started the last lap, the crowd cheered them on.The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients suffer from.suffer vi.感到疼痛，遭受痛苦;受损失，受损害
vt.承受，蒙受，遭受；容忍，忍受1.他很少得感冒。但是，当他患感冒时，就真的很痛苦。He doesn’t often get a cold. But when he does, he really suffers a lot.She was very generous to him but she suffered for it when he ran away with all her money.If you break the law you must be prepared to suffer the consequences. The army suffered heavy losses in the battle. suffer injuries/death/a defeat/a setback.Dr Richards told me that the test results showed that I was suffering from a serious disease.Xiaohua has learnt to live with HIVand the fact that she will one day develop AIDS.你必须接受这个事实就是你已经是个成年人了
不管情况会有多么糟，你必须忍受。live with 与… 住在一起；
学会去适应，接受 learn to accept, accept ; 忍受大多数美国的年轻人不跟父母住在一起Most young people in America don’t live with their parents.You must live with the fact that you are an adult.No matter how bad the situation may be, you must live with it.I had been feeling sick for a long tome and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined.1.完成进行时: have/has/had been doing我到车站时,他们已经等了半个小时了
这些天,他一直忙于处理各种各样的事务.When I arrived at the station, they had been waiting for half an hour.These days he has been dealing with various kinds of affairs.2.have obj. done/doing/do, have something to do/to be done, will/would(not) have sb(sb’s)doingHe won’t have us ____________(criticize) his work.
Our teacher had us _____(do) homework from morning till night.
I have something important ____(tell)you.
--I’ll go to Nanjing tomorrow. Do you have anything ______(take)to your parents?Now he was looking at mum and me across his desk and there was a look in his eyes.look n. (c) 脸色、神色、表情;外表、样子(复数)；看、瞧（单数）；一眼、一瞥
A look of anger was glimpsed on his face.
Mum was concerned, looking at me with a worried look.(a puzzled look, a shy look)
She is beginning to lose her looks, her beauty.
I don’t like the look of that hole in the roof.
The country must have a long hard look at the tragedy of unemployment.
She gave me an angry look.
By the looks of it, we shan’t have much rain.
从外表看起来、看样子In my body, the production of cells is disrupted. disrupt vt. to bring or throw sth into disorder 使混乱、扰乱
An accident has disrupted railway services into and out of the city.
A group of protesters disrupted the meeting.
disruption n. disruptive adj.
The strike has caused widespread disruption of transport services.
He has a disruptive influence on the other children.
interrupt vt. 打断、使中断 bankrupt 使破产/贫困
erupt vi 爆发、发生Cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time, making it difficult for the body to fun_ction properly1.either…or…要么…要么…, 或者…或者… Attention should be paid to the agreement neither…nor…, not… but…, not only… but also, both… and …2.making it…结果状语世界上很多人踢足球,使之成为最流行的体育运动.Many people play football in the world, making it the most popular sport.夏天很多人去北戴河, 于是北戴河成了著名的度假胜地.In summer a great many people go to Bei Daihe, making it a nationwide resort.Imitation exercises:这个句子没有错误.The sentence is free from mistakes.这本小册子是免费的.This booklet is free of charge.The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment, but I know that I will never be completely free from it.?These days I can’t free myself from anxieties.They helped me find the strength I needed to recover and they kept me from feeling sad and lonely.The treatment was successful and I was able to go home after exactly fourteen months,two days and six hours in hospital.Two years have passed since that day in Dr Richards’ office and my life has not yet ended.Living with cancer has made me realise how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest.Every day is a new opportunity, and I have learnt to appreciate very minute of each day.to the fullest
take every chance
think of …as…
teach sb a lesson
for the moment
for a moment
on the contrary
treatment with radiation
treatment with chemicals
at the wrong time
samples of blood
take sb to hospital
encourage sb to do sth
discourage sb (from doing)
a chance to do/of doing sth
choose to do/to be…
as with
a lack of…
be infected with
leave sb defenceless agaisnt…
break down
take (make) notes/a note of
take note of