广东省语法填空解题指导
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课件20张PPT。“语法填空”
解题指导命题特点以语篇为载体，考查学生的语法和词汇知识。“语法填空”的考点主要涉及:
①句子的构成成分
②句子成分之间的一致性
③句子的篇章制约
④句子的意义制约 Read carefully for a second time and put
the proper words.(4minutes) 填空的依据是语境所要求的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）及句子结构所要求的“语法”形式。 解题技巧 在做题过程中，要时时联系上下文，从语篇中去判断空格处应填哪个单词。 1、如果空格后是名词（尤其是单数名词），就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a, an, the)、物主代词(my, your, his等)、指示代词(this, that等)、不定代词(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, both, neither, other等)、名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。 解题技巧 2、相反，如果空格是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或形容词之后，则应考虑填名词。但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否变复数，是否有所有格形式等。 解题技巧 3. 1) 填动词。一定要考虑动词的时态和语态，所以动词形式的变化也是必不可少的。 如果空格前是助动词（will, shall等）、情态动词（can, may, must等）或是动词加to的形式，则空格一定是 。 如果空格前是have的各种形式，则想到构成 。 如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用
。动词原形完成时进行时态或被动语态解题技巧 3. 2）考查非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。 如果与中心词是主动关系， ； 如果与中心词是被动关系， ； 动词不定式to do表示将来。 一般用V-ing形式一般用V-ed形式解题技巧 4. 空格处还有可能是系表结构，一般填形容词形式。 形容词要根据上下文来确定意思，进而确定用哪个单词； 有时也可以根据前后介词的搭配来确定； 有时括号里会给出这个单词的其他形式，让你填出形容词的形式。
解题技巧5. 缺少介词。 介词可位于名词之前。如at night, on Sunday等； 也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in, be good at等； 还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for等。 解题技巧 6. 从句子结构考虑，如果空格前后都有句子，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。 表示递进：because, for, since等；so, therefore, hence, thus等； further, furthermore, moreover, in addition等； but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though, actually, practically等。 表示转折：表示结果： 表示原因：解题技巧 7、当句中主、谓、宾成分都不缺少时，则应考虑是否缺少副词来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 常见的副词有：always, usually, never, sometimes, not, hard, quite, very, still, almost, already等。 解题技巧 8、从语境考虑，有时需要用情态动词表示特定的语气或感情。 解题技巧9、填引导词
如果一个句子中含有多个谓语或多个主谓结构,应该从句子的意义去判断这一句是否含并列谓语，或含非谓语动词结构，或是属于复合句；如果是复合句,一般要考虑该填什么引导词。 解题技巧 10、要熟记一些固定搭配,习惯用语。 建议： 1．词汇学习过程中要注意把握词性。2．要熟知语法，巧记语法规则。3．要多进行语境化和语篇化填空练习，培
养和提高语法、词汇的活用能力。 4．利用完形填空题训练答题的能力，在
做完形填空练习题时，先不要看答案
进行填空练习，再参考考项验证答案。 时时联系上下文, 根据语境所要求的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）及句子结构所要求的“语法”形式。只要按照这两个“风向标”来填空，就不会有错。 1. Gandhi returned to India in 1915, when India ______ (control) by the British.
2. Last Monday morning, I ___________ (cycle) along a street in the rush hour on my way to an interview for an important job.
3. ____(follow)old photos, the new room has been made to look much like the old one.
4. Daydreaming _________(consider) an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties.
5. In the United States, there were 222 people??? ?????? (report) to be billionaires in 2003.
was controlledwas cyclingFollowing is consideredreported6. Uncle Tom looked the piano over, then _____ (sit) down and played a mixture of honky-tonk numbers and classical pieces.
7. He laughed loudly, ______( say) , “No, that wasn’t a mistake.”
Americans regularly eat ______ (cook)eggs ______ (keep) their minds sharp.
This was reported by people _____ (work) in the shop.
An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that ______(encourage) students to study abroad and come back whenever they want.
satsayinguncooked/ cookedto keepworkingencouragesSome think it may be a very _____ (health) thing to do.
A number of psychologists have conducted
experiments and have reached some (surprise)
conclusions.
3. Most newspapers (regular) print letters from readers with problems.
4. Traffic is most (danger) then.
5. They produced a new record in 1996, which was a (celebrate) of their time as a real band. healthysurprisingregularlydangerouscelebration6. This fact appears to be ___________ (especial) true.
7. In South Africa he (surprise) found the problem of racial discrimination was serious.
8. However, it is rather ______(polite) to give your hand to a lady when she shows little interest in shaking hands with you.
9. Ben was good at buying things at its ______( low) price.
10. People in that country fight for their ______(free).especiallySurprisedlyimpolitelowestfreedom
解题指导命题特点以语篇为载体，考查学生的语法和词汇知识。“语法填空”的考点主要涉及:
①句子的构成成分
②句子成分之间的一致性
③句子的篇章制约
④句子的意义制约 Read carefully for a second time and put
the proper words.(4minutes) 填空的依据是语境所要求的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）及句子结构所要求的“语法”形式。 解题技巧 在做题过程中，要时时联系上下文，从语篇中去判断空格处应填哪个单词。 1、如果空格后是名词（尤其是单数名词），就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a, an, the)、物主代词(my, your, his等)、指示代词(this, that等)、不定代词(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, both, neither, other等)、名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。 解题技巧 2、相反，如果空格是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或形容词之后，则应考虑填名词。但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否变复数，是否有所有格形式等。 解题技巧 3. 1) 填动词。一定要考虑动词的时态和语态，所以动词形式的变化也是必不可少的。 如果空格前是助动词（will, shall等）、情态动词（can, may, must等）或是动词加to的形式，则空格一定是 。 如果空格前是have的各种形式，则想到构成 。 如果空格前是be的各种形式，则想到用
。动词原形完成时进行时态或被动语态解题技巧 3. 2）考查非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。 如果与中心词是主动关系， ； 如果与中心词是被动关系， ； 动词不定式to do表示将来。 一般用V-ing形式一般用V-ed形式解题技巧 4. 空格处还有可能是系表结构，一般填形容词形式。 形容词要根据上下文来确定意思，进而确定用哪个单词； 有时也可以根据前后介词的搭配来确定； 有时括号里会给出这个单词的其他形式，让你填出形容词的形式。
解题技巧5. 缺少介词。 介词可位于名词之前。如at night, on Sunday等； 也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in, be good at等； 还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for等。 解题技巧 6. 从句子结构考虑，如果空格前后都有句子，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。 表示递进：because, for, since等；so, therefore, hence, thus等； further, furthermore, moreover, in addition等； but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though, actually, practically等。 表示转折：表示结果： 表示原因：解题技巧 7、当句中主、谓、宾成分都不缺少时，则应考虑是否缺少副词来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 常见的副词有：always, usually, never, sometimes, not, hard, quite, very, still, almost, already等。 解题技巧 8、从语境考虑，有时需要用情态动词表示特定的语气或感情。 解题技巧9、填引导词
如果一个句子中含有多个谓语或多个主谓结构,应该从句子的意义去判断这一句是否含并列谓语，或含非谓语动词结构，或是属于复合句；如果是复合句,一般要考虑该填什么引导词。 解题技巧 10、要熟记一些固定搭配,习惯用语。 建议： 1．词汇学习过程中要注意把握词性。2．要熟知语法，巧记语法规则。3．要多进行语境化和语篇化填空练习，培
养和提高语法、词汇的活用能力。 4．利用完形填空题训练答题的能力，在
做完形填空练习题时，先不要看答案
进行填空练习，再参考考项验证答案。 时时联系上下文, 根据语境所要求的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）及句子结构所要求的“语法”形式。只要按照这两个“风向标”来填空，就不会有错。 1. Gandhi returned to India in 1915, when India ______ (control) by the British.
2. Last Monday morning, I ___________ (cycle) along a street in the rush hour on my way to an interview for an important job.
3. ____(follow)old photos, the new room has been made to look much like the old one.
4. Daydreaming _________(consider) an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties.
5. In the United States, there were 222 people??? ?????? (report) to be billionaires in 2003.
was controlledwas cyclingFollowing is consideredreported6. Uncle Tom looked the piano over, then _____ (sit) down and played a mixture of honky-tonk numbers and classical pieces.
7. He laughed loudly, ______( say) , “No, that wasn’t a mistake.”
Americans regularly eat ______ (cook)eggs ______ (keep) their minds sharp.
This was reported by people _____ (work) in the shop.
An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that ______(encourage) students to study abroad and come back whenever they want.
satsayinguncooked/ cookedto keepworkingencouragesSome think it may be a very _____ (health) thing to do.
A number of psychologists have conducted
experiments and have reached some (surprise)
conclusions.
3. Most newspapers (regular) print letters from readers with problems.
4. Traffic is most (danger) then.
5. They produced a new record in 1996, which was a (celebrate) of their time as a real band. healthysurprisingregularlydangerouscelebration6. This fact appears to be ___________ (especial) true.
7. In South Africa he (surprise) found the problem of racial discrimination was serious.
8. However, it is rather ______(polite) to give your hand to a lady when she shows little interest in shaking hands with you.
9. Ben was good at buying things at its ______( low) price.
10. People in that country fight for their ______(free).especiallySurprisedlyimpolitelowestfreedom
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