高中英语语法it 用法
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课件35张PPT。It 的用法1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。
指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份
不十分明朗的人。
例如： －Who is the baby?
－It's my teacher's son． －Who is that gentleman?
－It's my friend,Tom．He(不可用It)wants to see you． 例：“Who is it?”
（是谁？──如敲门时，不明对方的性别或何人。）
“It's me, Peter．”.
2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、
距离、季节等。
例如：It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．
It's nice and warm here．But it's
two o'clock now, and it's time for
us to go to school． 3．用作形式主语或形式宾语。除it外，其他代词没有这种用法。
①当作主语的不定式、－ing短语或从句太长时，往往用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语移至句末，以避免句子头重脚轻。这种句型结构是：
It + be + adj.(n.) + for(of) +sb. + to do do sth.(that-clause)
句型 It?is?+形容词(possible,?impossible,?necessary等)?＋for+?sb.+?to?do.?如：
?我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。 It?is?impossible?for?me?to?finish
?this?work?before?tomorrow. 句型15. It?is?+（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of?+?sb.?+to?do.=?主语+?be?+形容词＋to?do.(常用的形容词有：kind,?stupid;?foolish,?good,?wise等。)如：?
你真好给我提供了帮助。? It?is?kind?of?you?to?help?me.＝You?are?kind?to?help?me.
例如：It is shameful the way he behaves himself before girls.
（他在女生面前的举止真叫人脸红。）
例：It is easy to find fault with others.
（批评别人是容易的。）
例：It is wrong for you to speak ill of her.
（你讲她的坏话是不对的。）
例：It is a great convenience living / to live in a big city.
（住在大城市里事事都方便。）
例：It is surprising that she should have married a farmer.
（她居然和农民结婚实在令人意想不到。）解说 上面各例句都可以把“It”所代表的实际主语移到句首来，例如：
The way he behaves himself before girls is shameful.
To find fault with others is easy.
虽然如此，现代英语仍以“It…”较普通。②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、
－ing短语或从句，往往用it作形式
宾语，而将真正的宾语 移至句末，
以使句子重心后移。
S + V +it +adj.(n.) + (for sb.) + to do sth. (that-clause) 如：例：I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination.
（我认为考试作弊是不对的。）
Don't you find it a waste of time watching television too much?
（你不觉得电视看得太多是浪费时间吗？）
I thought it strange that Jack should have had so much money to spend these days.
（我觉得杰克近日来会有这么多的钱可花费是一件奇怪的事。）I found it very interesting to study English. 我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。e.g. I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为和他争吵没有用。 think/find/consider/make it + adj./n.+ to do/that…. I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)
A. this B. that C. it D. one点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等)或包含介词的动词短语(如see to, depend on等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.I like (enjoy, hate…) it when….
I would appreciate it if…
…see to (depend on…) it that…Sentence patterns:C形式宾语③包含介词的短语接宾语从句时，必须先由it担任形式宾语，再接从句。
例如：Please see to it that all the windows are closed before your leave the room． You may depend on it that everything will be all right． 一定注意到，务必（4）用于下列常见的句型中:
It seems/happens/appears (to sb)+ that clause如：好象……
例：It happened that I was there then.
（碰巧当时我也在场。）
例：It appears that he'll be elected.
（他像是会当选的样子。）
例：It occurred to me then that I had an appointment with her that evening.
（当时我突然想起来我本来和她在当天晚上有约会。）It is reported/said/thought/hoped/believed/ + that-clause.
据报道/据说/人们认为/人们希望/人们相信…… 如：
It is said that the news had reached every part of the world.
据说这个消息传到世界的各个角落。 Does it matter if + clause? ……要紧吗？
It doesn’t matter (much) whether/if-clause ……没有（多大）关系/都一样
Does it matter if an engineer is a man or a woman?工程师是男人还是女人有关系吗？ It looks/seems as if + clause 看上去好象……
It seems as if they had never seen each other before.看上去他们好象从没见过。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.看上去天要下鱼。句型 It?is?well-known?that＋从句。如：? 众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。? It?is?well-known?that?
she?is?a?learned?woman It’s up to sb to do sth 此句型意为：由某人决定做某事。在此句型中，口语中常用It’s (all) up to you或up to you表示“由你决定”。 1, (2005,安徽) -Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?
-__.
A, It’s your opinion B, I don’t mind
C, It’ all up to you D, That’s your decision
2, It’s up to you to choose where we should go It引起的几个易混淆的时间句型
1.It + be + 时间 + since-clause?这个句型表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间，意为“自从......以来已多久了”
It is three years since his father passed away .
2.It + be + 时间 + before-clause
这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语
(如：a long time , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才......”。主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多长时间就......”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was 时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be 时，before从句常用一般现在时。 她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。
It was _______________she learned those poems by heart .
过了很久警察才来。
It was ______________the police arrived . ?
要过好几个小时他才会作出决定。
It __________hours before he makes a decision .
要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的。
?__________________before meet again . not long beforelong beforewill beIt will not be hours?3. It + be + 时间 + when-clause
这个句型中, it 指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be，when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。
It was already 8 o‘clock when we got home .
It was the next morning when we finished our work .
It will be midnight when they get there . It + be + time + that-clause
这个句型属虚拟语气结构，不管主句中用的是 is 或 was ，that从句都须用动词的过去式或should + 动词原型(但不及用过去式普通)，在time之前有时可加上high或about 以加强语气。例如：?
It is time(that)we handed in our exercises .
(= It is time that we should hand in our
exercises .)?
It is high time (that ) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend . It / This / That + the first(second , third …) time + that-clause
这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历，关键是注意time前有序数词，主句是 is 时 ，从句要用现在完成时；如果主句用一般过去时was ，则从句须相应地用过去完成时。例如：?
This is the first time (that) these Europeans ____________the Great Wall .?
It was the fifth time (that) I ___________a friendly visit to Africa . had paidhave visited 结构：It+动词be+强调部分+who(whom)/that+其他部分it可以用来对句子的某一成分加以强调。
It 用于强调句
Eg: Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo last week.
It was Nancy who saw your sister in Tokyo last week.
It was your sister whom Nancy saw in Tokyo last week.
It was in Tokyo that Nancy saw your sister last week.
It was last week that Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo.
有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构：
It wasn’t until last summer that I heard from her.
I didn’t do all this for myself.
It wasn’t for myself that I did all this.
问句也可变成这种结构：
Who called him “comrade”?
Who was it that called him “comrade”?
How did you forget to lock the door?
How was it that you forgot to lock the door?Tom‘s mother kept telling him that he should work harder , but ___ didn’t help .
A. he B. which C. she D. it
As ___ happens , I have brought my umbrella with me .?
A. it B. this C. that D. such?
3. It was seven forty-five ___he finished the
work .?
A. when B. that C. it D. before?DAA4. ?Does ___ matter if he can’t finish the job on time ??
A. this B. that C. he D. it
5. European football is played in 80 countries , making ___ the most popular sport in the world .?
which B. this C. that D. it
6.___ is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment .
? A. It B. This C. That D. ThereDDD11.It took us over an hour along the street. A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked 12.I 12.I think it a great honour to visit your country. A.to invite B.inviting C.having invited D.to be invited
13.Many people now make a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas. A.themselves B.it C.that D.this
14. is very clear to everyone that he's round and tall like a tree. A.This B.What C.That D.It DBDDBB15.In the United States, bus travel doesn't cost much as train travel, ? A.don't they B.does it C.do they D.doesn't it
16.Someone is at the door, who is ? A.this B.that C.it D.he
17.—It is raining cats and dogs. — . A.So it is B.So is it C.Neither it is D.Neither is it
18.—My home is in that tall building over there. — ? A.Can it see B.Can see it C.Can be seen it D.Can it be seen
19. raining hard for 3 hours without stopping. A.It is B.It was C.It has been D.It had been BCADC句型12. It?is?+段时间＋since+主语＋did.?请比较：? It?was?+段时间＋since+主语＋had?done.?如：
?他已经离开这儿五年了
注意下列句型的翻译 It?is?five?years?since?he?lived?here. It?is?five?years?since?he?______here. It?was five?years?since?he ________ here. left had left他从这儿搬走已经有五年了 句型13. It?+谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（?before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如：
1.?三个小时之后他才能回来。
2.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It?will?be?three?hours?before?he?_______back comesIt?wasn't?long?before?the?people?in
that?country?rose?up.
指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份
不十分明朗的人。
例如： －Who is the baby?
－It's my teacher's son． －Who is that gentleman?
－It's my friend,Tom．He(不可用It)wants to see you． 例：“Who is it?”
（是谁？──如敲门时，不明对方的性别或何人。）
“It's me, Peter．”.
2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、
距离、季节等。
例如：It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．
It's nice and warm here．But it's
two o'clock now, and it's time for
us to go to school． 3．用作形式主语或形式宾语。除it外，其他代词没有这种用法。
①当作主语的不定式、－ing短语或从句太长时，往往用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语移至句末，以避免句子头重脚轻。这种句型结构是：
It + be + adj.(n.) + for(of) +sb. + to do do sth.(that-clause)
句型 It?is?+形容词(possible,?impossible,?necessary等)?＋for+?sb.+?to?do.?如：
?我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。 It?is?impossible?for?me?to?finish
?this?work?before?tomorrow. 句型15. It?is?+（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of?+?sb.?+to?do.=?主语+?be?+形容词＋to?do.(常用的形容词有：kind,?stupid;?foolish,?good,?wise等。)如：?
你真好给我提供了帮助。? It?is?kind?of?you?to?help?me.＝You?are?kind?to?help?me.
例如：It is shameful the way he behaves himself before girls.
（他在女生面前的举止真叫人脸红。）
例：It is easy to find fault with others.
（批评别人是容易的。）
例：It is wrong for you to speak ill of her.
（你讲她的坏话是不对的。）
例：It is a great convenience living / to live in a big city.
（住在大城市里事事都方便。）
例：It is surprising that she should have married a farmer.
（她居然和农民结婚实在令人意想不到。）解说 上面各例句都可以把“It”所代表的实际主语移到句首来，例如：
The way he behaves himself before girls is shameful.
To find fault with others is easy.
虽然如此，现代英语仍以“It…”较普通。②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、
－ing短语或从句，往往用it作形式
宾语，而将真正的宾语 移至句末，
以使句子重心后移。
S + V +it +adj.(n.) + (for sb.) + to do sth. (that-clause) 如：例：I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination.
（我认为考试作弊是不对的。）
Don't you find it a waste of time watching television too much?
（你不觉得电视看得太多是浪费时间吗？）
I thought it strange that Jack should have had so much money to spend these days.
（我觉得杰克近日来会有这么多的钱可花费是一件奇怪的事。）I found it very interesting to study English. 我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。e.g. I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为和他争吵没有用。 think/find/consider/make it + adj./n.+ to do/that…. I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)
A. this B. that C. it D. one点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等)或包含介词的动词短语(如see to, depend on等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.I like (enjoy, hate…) it when….
I would appreciate it if…
…see to (depend on…) it that…Sentence patterns:C形式宾语③包含介词的短语接宾语从句时，必须先由it担任形式宾语，再接从句。
例如：Please see to it that all the windows are closed before your leave the room． You may depend on it that everything will be all right． 一定注意到，务必（4）用于下列常见的句型中:
It seems/happens/appears (to sb)+ that clause如：好象……
例：It happened that I was there then.
（碰巧当时我也在场。）
例：It appears that he'll be elected.
（他像是会当选的样子。）
例：It occurred to me then that I had an appointment with her that evening.
（当时我突然想起来我本来和她在当天晚上有约会。）It is reported/said/thought/hoped/believed/ + that-clause.
据报道/据说/人们认为/人们希望/人们相信…… 如：
It is said that the news had reached every part of the world.
据说这个消息传到世界的各个角落。 Does it matter if + clause? ……要紧吗？
It doesn’t matter (much) whether/if-clause ……没有（多大）关系/都一样
Does it matter if an engineer is a man or a woman?工程师是男人还是女人有关系吗？ It looks/seems as if + clause 看上去好象……
It seems as if they had never seen each other before.看上去他们好象从没见过。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.看上去天要下鱼。句型 It?is?well-known?that＋从句。如：? 众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。? It?is?well-known?that?
she?is?a?learned?woman It’s up to sb to do sth 此句型意为：由某人决定做某事。在此句型中，口语中常用It’s (all) up to you或up to you表示“由你决定”。 1, (2005,安徽) -Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?
-__.
A, It’s your opinion B, I don’t mind
C, It’ all up to you D, That’s your decision
2, It’s up to you to choose where we should go It引起的几个易混淆的时间句型
1.It + be + 时间 + since-clause?这个句型表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间，意为“自从......以来已多久了”
It is three years since his father passed away .
2.It + be + 时间 + before-clause
这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语
(如：a long time , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才......”。主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多长时间就......”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was 时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be 时，before从句常用一般现在时。 她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。
It was _______________she learned those poems by heart .
过了很久警察才来。
It was ______________the police arrived . ?
要过好几个小时他才会作出决定。
It __________hours before he makes a decision .
要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的。
?__________________before meet again . not long beforelong beforewill beIt will not be hours?3. It + be + 时间 + when-clause
这个句型中, it 指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be，when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。
It was already 8 o‘clock when we got home .
It was the next morning when we finished our work .
It will be midnight when they get there . It + be + time + that-clause
这个句型属虚拟语气结构，不管主句中用的是 is 或 was ，that从句都须用动词的过去式或should + 动词原型(但不及用过去式普通)，在time之前有时可加上high或about 以加强语气。例如：?
It is time(that)we handed in our exercises .
(= It is time that we should hand in our
exercises .)?
It is high time (that ) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend . It / This / That + the first(second , third …) time + that-clause
这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历，关键是注意time前有序数词，主句是 is 时 ，从句要用现在完成时；如果主句用一般过去时was ，则从句须相应地用过去完成时。例如：?
This is the first time (that) these Europeans ____________the Great Wall .?
It was the fifth time (that) I ___________a friendly visit to Africa . had paidhave visited 结构：It+动词be+强调部分+who(whom)/that+其他部分it可以用来对句子的某一成分加以强调。
It 用于强调句
Eg: Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo last week.
It was Nancy who saw your sister in Tokyo last week.
It was your sister whom Nancy saw in Tokyo last week.
It was in Tokyo that Nancy saw your sister last week.
It was last week that Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo.
有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构：
It wasn’t until last summer that I heard from her.
I didn’t do all this for myself.
It wasn’t for myself that I did all this.
问句也可变成这种结构：
Who called him “comrade”?
Who was it that called him “comrade”?
How did you forget to lock the door?
How was it that you forgot to lock the door?Tom‘s mother kept telling him that he should work harder , but ___ didn’t help .
A. he B. which C. she D. it
As ___ happens , I have brought my umbrella with me .?
A. it B. this C. that D. such?
3. It was seven forty-five ___he finished the
work .?
A. when B. that C. it D. before?DAA4. ?Does ___ matter if he can’t finish the job on time ??
A. this B. that C. he D. it
5. European football is played in 80 countries , making ___ the most popular sport in the world .?
which B. this C. that D. it
6.___ is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment .
? A. It B. This C. That D. ThereDDD11.It took us over an hour along the street. A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked 12.I 12.I think it a great honour to visit your country. A.to invite B.inviting C.having invited D.to be invited
13.Many people now make a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas. A.themselves B.it C.that D.this
14. is very clear to everyone that he's round and tall like a tree. A.This B.What C.That D.It DBDDBB15.In the United States, bus travel doesn't cost much as train travel, ? A.don't they B.does it C.do they D.doesn't it
16.Someone is at the door, who is ? A.this B.that C.it D.he
17.—It is raining cats and dogs. — . A.So it is B.So is it C.Neither it is D.Neither is it
18.—My home is in that tall building over there. — ? A.Can it see B.Can see it C.Can be seen it D.Can it be seen
19. raining hard for 3 hours without stopping. A.It is B.It was C.It has been D.It had been BCADC句型12. It?is?+段时间＋since+主语＋did.?请比较：? It?was?+段时间＋since+主语＋had?done.?如：
?他已经离开这儿五年了
注意下列句型的翻译 It?is?five?years?since?he?lived?here. It?is?five?years?since?he?______here. It?was five?years?since?he ________ here. left had left他从这儿搬走已经有五年了 句型13. It?+谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（?before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如：
1.?三个小时之后他才能回来。
2.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It?will?be?three?hours?before?he?_______back comesIt?wasn't?long?before?the?people?in
that?country?rose?up.
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