“代入法”解析定语从句
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“代入法”解析定语从句
定语从句在高中阶段的学习中，可以说既是重点，又是难点。高考几乎年年都围绕定语从句出不少的题。为了不让定语从句成为高中英语学习过程中的“拦路虎”，下面，笔者试图用数学的方法来解析定语从句这个难题。
要运用代入法来解释定语从句，首先要理清定语从句的引导词在句子中能代替什么和能作什么成分。下面的简表可大致表明引导词的作用：
能代替的东西 能代替的成分
which 人 主，宾
that 人，物 主，宾
who 人 主
whom 人 宾
when 时间 状
where 地点 状
why 原因 状
用“代入法“解析定语从句，大概有如下几个步骤：
1：通读全句，找出先行词，（ 即定语从句所修饰的词 ）
2：判定先行词的属性：是人，是物，还是人物皆有：
3：把先行词代入后面的定语从句中，分析其所作成分：
4：确定引导词。
在这四个步骤中，第二点中的“分析成分” 就是解释并确定定语从句的引导词的关键。学生。如果在这个分析成分过程中感到困难，可以复习简单句五种基本句型。先弄清句子的基本结构和成分。
下面，笔者用个简单的例子来演示这个代入法
1：This is the village ___________I visited last year.
2：This is the village____________I lived last year.
第一步：确定先行词：例1和例2中先行词皆为 the village
第二步：判定先行词的属性，是 物，（先排除who,whom可能性）
第三步：把先行词代入定语从句中:
1. I visited the village last year. （ 宾语 ）
2. I lived in the village last year. ( 地点状语 )
第四步：确定引导词：例1. that / which / x
例2 where / in which
（定语从句练习及答案 ）
1． The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. ( NMET 2001.22 )
A. until B. that C. when D. where
2. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ______ was true.
( 2001 春招 .9 )
A. he B. this C. which D. who
3. I should never forget those years _________ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________ has a great effect on my life. ( 上海市 94 .27 )
A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who
4. ______ is known to all, China will be an __________ powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time. ( 上海市 94 .29 )
A. That; advancing B. This; advancd C. As; advancd D. It; advancing
5. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., ________ many people have got home. ( 上海市 95 .25 )
A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which
6. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ________ leading actor is world famous
( 上海市2001春招 .30 )
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
7. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane. ( 上海市2001 .37 )
A. where B. which C. while D. why
8. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________ of course, made the others unhappy. ( NMET 2000 )
A. who B. which C. this D. what
9. Carol said the work would be done by October, _________ personally I doubt very much. ( NMET 99 )
A. it B. that C. when D. which
10. The reason _______ he was late is ________ his bike was broken.
A. why; because B. that; that C. that; why D. why; that
11. The girl __________ you saw at my house is called Jane.
A. who B. whom C. which D. what
12. Is this the village __________ you visited last year
A. that B. the one C. where D. what
13. Is this village __________ you visited last year
A. that B. the one C. where D. what
14. The man and the horse _________ fell into the river were drowned.
A. which B. who C.that D. of which
15. I know a place ________ we can have a quiet talk.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
16. Who ________ knows him would trust him
A. that B. which C. who D. whom
17. I hung the picture on the wall ______ can be seen well.
A. so that B. which C. where D. where it
18. I see no reason ________ this cannot be done right now.
A. that B. which C. why D. how
19. This is the best book ___________ I have read so far in my life.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
20. She is wearing the same clothes _______ she wore yesterday.
A. that B. which C. as D. Both A and B
Key: CCBCD / CABDD / BABCC / ADCAD
定语从句在高中阶段的学习中，可以说既是重点，又是难点。高考几乎年年都围绕定语从句出不少的题。为了不让定语从句成为高中英语学习过程中的“拦路虎”，下面，笔者试图用数学的方法来解析定语从句这个难题。
要运用代入法来解释定语从句，首先要理清定语从句的引导词在句子中能代替什么和能作什么成分。下面的简表可大致表明引导词的作用：
能代替的东西 能代替的成分
which 人 主，宾
that 人，物 主，宾
who 人 主
whom 人 宾
when 时间 状
where 地点 状
why 原因 状
用“代入法“解析定语从句，大概有如下几个步骤：
1：通读全句，找出先行词，（ 即定语从句所修饰的词 ）
2：判定先行词的属性：是人，是物，还是人物皆有：
3：把先行词代入后面的定语从句中，分析其所作成分：
4：确定引导词。
在这四个步骤中，第二点中的“分析成分” 就是解释并确定定语从句的引导词的关键。学生。如果在这个分析成分过程中感到困难，可以复习简单句五种基本句型。先弄清句子的基本结构和成分。
下面，笔者用个简单的例子来演示这个代入法
1：This is the village ___________I visited last year.
2：This is the village____________I lived last year.
第一步：确定先行词：例1和例2中先行词皆为 the village
第二步：判定先行词的属性，是 物，（先排除who,whom可能性）
第三步：把先行词代入定语从句中:
1. I visited the village last year. （ 宾语 ）
2. I lived in the village last year. ( 地点状语 )
第四步：确定引导词：例1. that / which / x
例2 where / in which
（定语从句练习及答案 ）
1． The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. ( NMET 2001.22 )
A. until B. that C. when D. where
2. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ______ was true.
( 2001 春招 .9 )
A. he B. this C. which D. who
3. I should never forget those years _________ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________ has a great effect on my life. ( 上海市 94 .27 )
A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who
4. ______ is known to all, China will be an __________ powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time. ( 上海市 94 .29 )
A. That; advancing B. This; advancd C. As; advancd D. It; advancing
5. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., ________ many people have got home. ( 上海市 95 .25 )
A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which
6. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ________ leading actor is world famous
( 上海市2001春招 .30 )
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
7. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane. ( 上海市2001 .37 )
A. where B. which C. while D. why
8. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________ of course, made the others unhappy. ( NMET 2000 )
A. who B. which C. this D. what
9. Carol said the work would be done by October, _________ personally I doubt very much. ( NMET 99 )
A. it B. that C. when D. which
10. The reason _______ he was late is ________ his bike was broken.
A. why; because B. that; that C. that; why D. why; that
11. The girl __________ you saw at my house is called Jane.
A. who B. whom C. which D. what
12. Is this the village __________ you visited last year
A. that B. the one C. where D. what
13. Is this village __________ you visited last year
A. that B. the one C. where D. what
14. The man and the horse _________ fell into the river were drowned.
A. which B. who C.that D. of which
15. I know a place ________ we can have a quiet talk.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
16. Who ________ knows him would trust him
A. that B. which C. who D. whom
17. I hung the picture on the wall ______ can be seen well.
A. so that B. which C. where D. where it
18. I see no reason ________ this cannot be done right now.
A. that B. which C. why D. how
19. This is the best book ___________ I have read so far in my life.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
20. She is wearing the same clothes _______ she wore yesterday.
A. that B. which C. as D. Both A and B
Key: CCBCD / CABDD / BABCC / ADCAD