牛津英语8B Unit 1 Past and present讲学稿(江苏省无锡市)

【单元总览】
同学们，欢迎进入本单元的学习！本单元我们就来探讨时代变迁带来的变化和发展，涉及北京交通系统的变化，以及通过阳光城过去和现在的改变。我想通过我们这个单元的学习, 我们一定会了解的。希望大家好好地学习。
Unit 1 Past and Present （第一课时）
( Grammar I )
【学习目的】
初步认识和了解现在完成时的构成和用法。
【课前准备】
一、查字典，写出下列单词的意思,并且熟记他们。（★★★）
1、already _____________ 2、yet ________________ 3、just ___________________
4、ever _________________ 5、never _____________ 6、before _________________
7、since three years ago _______________ 8、for three years ______________
二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词，同时也要熟记。
1、teach _______ ________ 2、bring _______ ________ 3、get _______ ________t
4、know _______ ________ 5、grow_______ ________ 6、find_______ ________
7、hold _______ ________ 8、show_______ ________ 9、keep_______ ________
10、leave_______ ________ 11、lose_______ ________ 12、run_______ ________
13、swim_______ ________ 14、drive_______ ________ 15、 begin_______ ________
三、尝试着阅读下面的知识链接，看看是否可以理解。
【知识链接】
★★★ 现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”
一、现在完成时的结构： 助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词 ( Past Participle )
其中 have / has 为助动词,因而它的否定和疑问句形式全部由 have / has 进行变化。
例如: a. He has already finished his homework. 他已经做完了家庭作业。
否定句：____________________________________________________
( already 用于肯定句中, 改成否定和疑问句时用 yet ，一般放句末)
一般疑问句：________________________________________________
b. His father has been to Beijing three times. 他父亲去过北京三次了。
否定句：____________________________________________________.
一般疑问句：________________________________________________
提问：______________________________________________________
二、现在完成时的"完成用法"
A、定义：现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
例如：He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。
( 动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)
　 B、特点：现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning ／ month ／year...，today等)连用。
　　 例如： Have you found your pen yet？ 你已找到你的钢笔了吗？
请尝试着做以下的练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I __________ (see) it last week.
2. ----- _______ he _________(finish) his work today ------Not yet .
3. -----_______you _________(be) to Hong Kong ----Yes, I _______________ (be) there twice .
4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ----No, never.
5. My father _______ just __________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
6. Where’ Li Ming He ______________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
7. Shanghai ___________ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____________
(become) a large city.
8. So far (到目前为止) I ______________(make) quite a few friends here.
9. --- I ___________ (see) the film “Chicken Run”.
--- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it --- Last week.
10. Mary _________ already __________ (have) her supper.
11. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents.
We _________ (see) it last Sunday.
12. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet ---Yes, he______.
---When _____ he _____ it --- Yesterday.
13. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet
14 They _____ already______(do) their homework. But they don’t know what_______ (do) next.
15. ---______ you ________ (see) the film last night
---No, I ___________ (see) it for several times.
2. 现在完成时的"未完成用法"
　　A、定义：现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。
例如：He has lived here since 1978. 自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。
(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)
　 　 I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
(动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。)
　　 B、特点：此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：up to now，so far到目前为止)等。
　　 例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
　　 注意：(1) 现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词，即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等。
　　 (2 ) 现在完成时常见两种句型：
　　 ① 主语＋have / has been＋for 短语/ since 短语
② It is＋一段时间＋ since 从句
例如： He has been in the League for three years.
= It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了。
请尝试着做以下的练习
1. I _____________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999.
2. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here ---- For two weeks.
3. She ____________ (be) ill for three days.
4. She____________ (not read) this book before.
5. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before
6. --- ____ Wei Hua ________ (come) yet
---Yes. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now.
7. --How long _____you __________(learn) English ---For more than two years.
8. They _______________ (live) in China since they ________ (move) to China.
9. I________ already _________ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week.
10. ______ you _______(be) to Hong Kong Yes, I ___________ (be) there twice .
11. My father ________ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
12. I ________ (work) here since I _________ (move) here in 1999.
13. How long _______ the Wangs _________(stay) here For two weeks.
3、for 和 since 的区别。
a. for 和表示一段时间的词组连用。
eg. for six hours/nine days/ two weeks/thirty years
b. since 和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用，这是介词。
eg. since nine o’clock this morning / last summer/ three weeks ago/September
since 还可以引导时间状语从句，表示“自从…..以来”，这是连词。
eg. 自从他出生以来，他就住在这儿。He has lived here since he was born.
______ three months ______ two weeks ago, _______ 1998, ______last Sunday
4、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念
英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy等。
5、延续性动词的用法特征
　　a. 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
　　b. 延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如：It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：
-When did you get to know Jack 　-Two years ago.　
-Then you’ve known each other for more than two years.　-That’s right.
6、终止性动词的用法特征
　　a. 终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：
The train has arrived.火车到了。
Have you joined the computer group 你加入电脑小组了吗？
　　b. 终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。如：
(1) 他死了三年了。 误：He has died for three years.
正：He has been dead for three years. 正：He died three years ago.
正：It is three years since he died. 正：Three years has passed since he died.
(2) 他来这儿五天了。 误：He has come here for five days.
正：He has been here for five days. 正：He came here five days ago.
正：It is five days since he came here. 正：Five days has passed since he came here.
　　(1)、(2)句中的die、come为终止性动词，不能与表示"段时间"的状语连用。那么，应如何正确表达呢？可以采用下面的四种方法：
　　(1) 将句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：leave→be away from, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on, die→be dead, move to→live in, finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of, open sth.→keep sth. open, fall ill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have a cold。
　　 (2) 将句中表示"段时间"的状语改为表示过去确定时间的状语，如下面两例中的第二种正确表达方式。
　　 (3) 用句型"It is+段时间+since..."表达原意，如上面两例中的第三种正确表达方式。
　　 (4) 用句型"时间+has passed+since..."表达原意，如上两例中的第四种正确表达方式。
　　3. 终止性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：　He hasn’t left here since 1986.　I haven’t heard from my father for two weeks.
　　4. 终止性动词的否定式与until/till连用，构成"not+终止性动词+until/till ..."的句型，意为"直到……才……"。
如：You can’t leave here until I arrive.直到我到了，你才能离开这里。
I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.
今天晚上直到我画完画，我才上床睡觉。
　　5. 终止性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。when表示的时间是"点时间"(从句谓语动词用终止性动词)，也可以是"段时间"(从句谓语动词用延续性动词)。而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程，从句谓语动词用延续性动词。如：When we reached London, it was twelve o’clock. (reach为终止性动词)
　　 Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away为延续性动词短语)
　　6.终止性动词完成时不可与how long连用(只限于肯定式)。如：
误：How long have you come here 正：How long have you been here
正：When did you come here
二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对"现在"产生的影响。如：
　　 He visited Guilin in 1998.他1998年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)
　2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。如：
　　Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)
　3. 两种时态的区分
　　(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have /has +过去分词"。如：The film started at 7 o’clock. He has been a teacher for many years.
　　(2) 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和these days, this week, since..., for...等表示一段时间的状语连用。
看看以下的几组句子，有什么区别？
① Have you seen the film (A) Did you see the film (B)
　　 [说明] 你看过这部电影吗？(A)句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；(B)句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。
　 ② How has he done it (A) 　How did he do it (B)
[说明]他是怎么做的这件事？(A)句强调的是他做这件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响；(B)句单纯的询问做这件事的方式。
③ He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A) 　He lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B)
[说明]他在北京住了8年。(A)句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。(B)句讲的是他在北京住过8年，现在不在北京了。
【学习过程】
1．预习情况交流，引入现在完成时。
a. 现在完成时的第一种用法。 b. 现在完成时的第二种用法。
2．一些注意点和要点。
【自主课堂作业】
一、动词填空。
1. She __________ (be) away from home for almost four years.
2. The sun __________ (rise ) in the east.
3. You look tired. Stop __________(work) and __________（have） a rest,
4. I __________ ( not hear) from you for a long time.
5. My brother __________(be ) to English twice.
6. Mr Green __________(not come) back to China yet.
7. Who __________(teach ) you math last term
8. They __________(go) to the shopping center already.
9. Listen, Xiao Li __________ (sing) in the next room.
10. They __________(play) football when I walked past.
二、句型转换(每空一词)。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句) I _______ ________ been to Macau before.
2.He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
______ ______ _______ _______ learned English
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写) I ______ just ______ a new bike.
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ______ ______English _______three years
6. He has lived here since 1999.(就划线部分提问) _____ _____ _____ he_______ here
7. They have already finished the work.（否定） They ______ ______ the work ______.
8. My father got there two days ago.（同义句） My father ______ ______ there for two days.
9. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.（同义句）
Mr. Li _______ _________ English in this school since 1999.
10. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）
The factory _______ ________ ______ for ten years.
11.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问)
_____ _____ ____ ______ they ______ the classroom this week
12. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）
My father _____ ______ _____ England _____.
13. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）
John_______ ______ ______ Beijing_____ three years.
14. His company closed in 2003. （同义句） His company _____ _____ _____ _____ 2003.
15. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）
My father ______ ______ the car _______ half a year.
16. We got to know each other for about 15 years. （同义句）
We _______ ________ each other _____ about 15 years.
17. The film began ten minutes ago. （同义句）
The film _________ ________ _________ for ten minutes.
18. I borrowed this book two weeks ago. （同义句）
I _______ ______ this book for two weeks.
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第二课时）
( Grammar II )
【学习目的】进一步掌握现在完成时的构成和用法,并且灵活运用。
1. 学习现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语。
2. 能在语境中运用现在完成时。
【课前准备】
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.The telephone ____________ (ring). Would you answer it, please
2. What film __________ you _________ (see) this evening
3. What ____________ you ____________ (do) at eight this morning
4. She ____________ (read) an English book when I came in.
5. He ____________ (cross) the street when he was hit by a car.
6. He was born in 1933 and ____________ (go) to school in London.
7. From the 1910s to the 1950s, Hollywood ____________ (be) the film centre of the word.
8. What ____________ he ____________ (do) from nine to eleven last night
9. Martine visited his aunt two days before he ____________ (leave) the town.
10. Twelve inches ____________ (make) one foot.
二、改写句子
1. He has eaten a cake already.(否定句) He ________ ________ a cake _________.
2.They have cleaned the room.(一般疑问句) ______ they _______ the room
3.Nancy has lived in Nanjing since 1996.(划线提问)
________ ________ _______ Nancy ______ in Nanjing
4.He moved to the city four years ago.(划线提问)
_______ _______ he ________ to the city
5.Simon began to learn English two years ago.(同义句)
Simon ________ ________ English _______ two years.
6. He’snever been to the USA, _________ _________ (反意疑问句)
【知识链接】 现在完成时考点例析
现在完成时是较难掌握、中考考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有：
a、考查其构成
"助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如：
1. Kate’s never seen Chinese films，____ A. hasn’t she B. has she C. isn’t she D. is she
析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate’s是Kate has的缩写，故选B。
2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)
His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.
析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn’t, yet。
3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have
析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。
b、考查其用法与标志词
(一) 当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如：
1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball 　-______you______ your homework yet
A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished
2. -______ you ______anywhere before -Yes, but I can’t remember where I______
A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed
析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。
(二) 当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如：
1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______ he came to Yunnan.
　A. after B. before C. since D. for
析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。
2. Tom ______the CD player for two weeks.
　 A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had
析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。
3. I______ a letter from him since he left.
　 A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C. didn’t have D. haven’t heard
析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。
c、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如：
1. -Have you ever______ Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors 　-Yes, I have.
　 A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to
析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。
2. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
　A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been
析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。
d、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如：
1. Sun’s aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子)
析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It’s +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun’s aunt has been there for ten years.
Sun’s aunt went there ten years ago.
It’s ten years since Sun’s aunt went there.
2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)
　________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.
析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。
3. I won’t go to the concert because I ____my ticket.
　 A. lost B. don’t lose C. have lost D. is coming
析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。
【学习过程】
1． 预习情况交流。
a. 将课前准备中的情况与你的同学进行交流。
b. 讨论预习中遇到的问题（老师点拨）。
2．学习策略培养：仔细阅读“知识链接”，并加以掌握。
3. 完成书本上的练习。
【自主课堂作业】单项选择
1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years. A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in
2. We have been friends since ______.
A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before
3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.
A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed
4. You ______ that question three times.
A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already
5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________.
A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago
6. I _____ at this school for two years.
A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied
7. They _________ in the city since last summer.
A. live B. didn’t live C. have lived D. live
8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in
9. Mr. Black _________ China since the summer of 1998.
A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to
10. His father _______ for years. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies
11. Mary ________ to see the films because she __________ it twice.
A. won’t go, saw B. won’t go, will see C. won’t go, has seen D. didn’t go, sees
12.---- Would you like some more food ----Thank you. I _______ enough.
A. will have B. have had C. have D. had
13. ______ you ______ England Yes, it _____ a beautiful country.
A. Will, gone to, was B. Have, been to, is
C. Had, been to, is D. Have, gone to, is
14. ----_______ you _______ to Beijing ----No, I ______.I ______ there early next month.
A. Have, been, haven’t, am going B. Had, been, hadn’t, am going
C. Have, gone, haven’t, was going D. Did, go, didn’t, was going
15. You sister ___ to London to study English. Is that true -Yes , she ___ there for two months.
A. has been, has been B. will go, has gone C. gone, will be D. has gone, has been
16. He has a computer of his own. He ____ it two days ago
A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought
17. —Where is Li Lei —He ___ Shanghai.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to
18. He _______ his homework and is now listening to music.
A.. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is finishing
19. David _______ Shanghai for more than three months.
A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to
20. --- Is your father a Party member
--- Yes, he ____ the party three years ago. He _____ a Party member for three years.
A. joined; has been B. has joined; has been C. was joined; is D. joined; was
21. ---What a nice bike! How lone ____ you ____ it ----Just five weeks.
A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had
22. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now.
A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept
23. ----______ your sister _______ in Green China for a long time
- ---Yes. She joined it five years ago.
A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined
24. ---How long have you _______ from the USA ----For three months.
A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back
25. I _____ this book for half a year. A. have bought B. have had C. bought D . had
26. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _______ for a year.
A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away
27. --- ______ you______ your homework yet ---Yes, I _____ it just now.
A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish
28. The sand storm weather ______ in Beijing several times this year.
A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened
29. ---How long have you been here --- ____ last month.
A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since
30. He ____ a cold for three days. A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught
31. Jim Green ____ in China for two years. A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came
32. The film ____ for half an hour.
A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn’t begun D. began
33.—Where have you _______ these days？ —I have to Beijing with my friends．
A. been；gone B. been；been C. gone；been D. gone；gone
34．How long have you _______ this book？
A. bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent
35. We have lived here _______ five years ago． A. when B．since C．before D．after
36．—I have watched the game． —When _____you _______ it？
A．have；watched B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch
37．—How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black？ —Oh，I _______ such a beautiful city．
A．don’t visit B．didn’t visit C．haven’t visited D．hadn’t visited
38．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone
39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice ______ he came to Yunnan．
A．after B．before C．since D．for
40．His grandpa _______ for two years．
A．was died B．has been dead C．was dead D．has died
41．—Have you ever_______ to Haikou？ —Yes，I_______ there with my family last August．
A．gone；went B．been；went C．been；went to D．been；was in
42. His sister ______ her hometown for three years. She’ll return next year．
A．left B．has left C．has been away D．has been away from
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第三课时）
(Comic strip + Welcome to the unit)
【学习目的】
1. 介绍本单元的主题：现在与过去。
2. 学习不同时期有关交通工具的单词。
【课前自主预习】
一、用适当的表示交通工具的单词填空。
1. Sandy will go to Kunming this summer holiday. It’s far from his city. But he wants to get there as soon as possible. So he can go there by ________.
2. Lily will be free this afternoon. She just wants to go to the park near her home. So she could go there by _______ or on ______.
3. My father likes sea. He wants to go to Japan by ________.
4. Mr Li doesn’t like to travel by air. He likes going to a far place on a t______ or by c_____
5. My parents usually go to work by ________ (地铁) or ________(轻轨).
二、翻译下面的词组。
1、半小时前____________________________ 2、不再_____________________________
3、在不同的时期________________________ 4、自从1938年______________________
5、不同的交通工具_______________________6、在过去的100多年里________________
7、更多地了解这个地方__________________8、想干某事__________________________
9、进行一个历史的课题研究___________________________
【知识链接】
1、past n. 过去 如：People lived a hard life in the past.
past adj. 过去的,昔日的 如: Our hometown has changed a lot in the past few years.
past prep. 过, 经过 如：When I went past, he was reading a book.
2、I don’t need the book at present. ________
You should use the present tense in this sentence. _________
We learn from the past, the present and hope for success in the future. ________
My mother gave me a birthday present on my birthday. ___________
练一练:
Our life was hard _______________, but it is happy ________________.
过去我们的生活是艰苦的, 但现在是幸福的。
3. time
a. 时代, 时期, 作可数名词 The times are different.
There are many famous people in modern times.
b. 时间, 为不可数名词 I have no time to play.
c. 次, 回, 为可数名词 I have been to Beijing many times.
Take this medicine three times a day.
练一练:
a. As students, we shouldn’t waste ________.
b. Different __________, different taste.
c. How many ________ have you been there
【学习过程】
1．预习情况交流。将课前自主预习中的情况与你的同学进行交流。
2．学习策略培养
1) 巩固本课中出现的新单词。
2) The comic strip: a 跟录音机朗读课文。 b 操练对话。 c 背诵对话。
3) Welcome to the unit. . 对照课件图片，认识北京交通工具的发展。
【自主课堂练习】
一、根据句意和首字母提示补全单词(每小题6分,共60分)
1. The p________ leaves for France at one o clock.
2. I have been there many times in the p________.
3. I’m afraid I cant help you at p________.
4. If you miss the t________ , there is another one hour later.
5. If there is no electricity , the t________ cannot move.
6. The p________ is going to land(着陆).
7. L________ r________ are popular in Beijing.
8. I didn’t know it was you. You have c________ a lot.
9. I have studied English s________ two years ago.
10.I am not hungry. I have e_________ enough.
二、根据中文完成句子。
1、我的铅笔盒现在不在课桌上。
My pencil-box ___________________________________________________.
2、你看到我的铅笔盒了吗？
_______________________________ my pencil box
3、我们刚刚吃过午饭。我们十一点半吃的。
We ____________________ lunch. We __________________ at 11:30.
4、Tom自从出生就一直住在南京，
Tom _______________________________________________________.
5、我饿了，你能给我弄点好吃的吗？
I’m very ________. Can you give me ________ ________ ________ ________
6、Jim是来自美国的交流学生，她想更多地了解中国。
Jim is _____ ______ student ______ the USA. He wants to ______ ______ about China.
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第四课时）
( Reading I )
【学习目的】
1. 阅读关于阳光城的变迁。
2. 掌握相关的词汇、短语和本文中出现的语言现象。
【课前自主预习】
一、预习课文，翻译词组，并且背诵他们。
1、非常了解他_______________________ 2、从某些方面讲_________________________
3、时常 ____________________________ 4、一家老电影院_________________________
5、干净多了________________________ 6、过去常是___________________________
7、水污染___________________________8、在镇北部____________________________
9、结婚___________________________ 10、下中国象棋 _________________________
11、搬出__________________________ 12、变化很大_____________________________
13、从那时起 ______________________ 14、减少污染____________________________
15、变成___________________________ 16、感到有些孤独_________________________
17、邮局___________________________18、市场摊位____________________________
19、采取行动_______________________ 20、有空地 ____________________________
二、预习课文，尝试完成下面的问题。
1、Where did Mr Chen first live ________________________________________________
2、When did Mr Chen get married ______________________________________________
3、When and why did Mr Chen move out of Sunshine Town
________________________________________________________________________4、How many people lived in the town in the past __________________________________
5、What has the place Mr Chen lived in turned into ________________________________
6、What do Mr Chen and his friends often do in the new park ________________________
7、Was the water in Sunshine River clean before How about now
_______________________________________________________________________
8、What does Mr Chen think of life now _________________________________________
【知识链接】
1. a used to do/be ； 过去常常做/是
eg: He used to be a teacher.
I didn’t use to like swimming, but now I am interested in it.
b be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事
eg: He is used to having noodles for breakfast.
He used to live with his parents, but now he gets used to living alone.
2 get / be married to sb = marry sb . 与某人结婚。
Eg: Tom got married to Mary last year =Tom married Mary last year.
They got married last year.
练一练:
a. We have got married for five years. (改错) _______________
b. Do you know if Alice is going to marry with John ________________
3. until/ till 用于肯定句，与延续性动词；连用；用于否定句，与非延续性动词连用。
e.g : He did his homework until 7 o’clock yesterday evening.
Don’t go away till I come back.
I lived in that city till I was fourteen.
注意：常用的短语是 not…… until / till
4. change a lot change : v. Our city has changed a lot .
change n. Great changes have taken place in our city .
( the changes to the town, the answer to…, the key to…, the way to …)
5 turn into 变成 eg. Water turns into ice when it freezes
The shop has turned into a hotel .
6 own v. 拥有 e e.g: I own a shop
adj 自己的 I have my own shop.
a. of one’s own: I have a shop of my own
b. on one’s own =by oneself =alone 独立，单独
He has worked on his own for three years.
7. over the years over为介词，“在……期间”，相当于during。
e.g. I stayed at home over the holidays.
Our city has changed a lot over the past few years. ___________________
【学习过程】
1. 预习情况交流
a. 讨论解决预习中的问题（主要是新词汇，由老师释疑）。老师领读生词。
b. 听录音，掌握大意。
2. 阅读策略培养：分组完成各个段落的朗读，注意语音语调，可以采取竞赛形式。
3. 跟录音朗读课文，加深理解。
What happened to Mr Chen
What Where When
Mr Chen first lived with his parents ________________________________________________ ___________________
_____________________ to another flat in the centre of town in _________ / when he _____________
They moved again last year
The place has changed a lot.
in the past at present
people 30000 people lived in the town. Many people moved to other areas.
what we have there _____________________________________________________________________________________________ The place has turned into a park.
water The factory used to dump its waste intothe river. It’s ________________.
feeling In some ways life is better. But he feels a bit lonely from time to time.
4. 完成阅读练习：Page 11. B.
5. 划出文中的重要词组，以便记忆。
【自主课堂作业】
一、根据提示写出单词或词组
1．Noise （污染）becomes a big problem in that city .
2．He feels a bit （孤独）because he is new here .
3．The meat has gone bad, it smells t ___ .
4．It is p to play cards and Chinese __________ (象棋) .
5． Sunshine Town has __ (改变) a lot, because great __________(变化) have taken
place since 1978.
6．Peter was （出生）on April 1st, 1986..
7．He will （having a husband or wife）my aunt Mary soon .
8．The factory used to ___ (to throw away something you don’t want, especially in a place where you should not throw rubbish) its waste into the river .
9．The government must take action to (to make something less or smaller in size, quantity or price) the pollution.
10．There was a small post office, but it has become a c ___ park.
二、动词填空。
1. He ___________ (know) me since we ___________ (meet) in 1980.
2. Peter ___________ (go) to the library just now.
3. Daniel ___________ (write) the letter for two hours.
4. How long ________ you ___________ (learn) English For three years.
5. It’s nice ___________ (meet) you here after a long time.
6. The twins used ___________ (go) home early.
7. In the past, she ___________ (not like) English.
8. I am afraid you ___________ (forget) the important letter, haven’t you
9. _______ the ___________ (arrive) Yes, it ___________ (arrive) here just now.
10. ________ it ___________ (rain) when you left home this morning
三、句型转换。
1. Sometimes I feel lonely. (同义句) I feel lonely ______ ______ ______ ______.
2. Last year, Tom married Mary. (同义句) Last year Tom ______ ______ ______ Mary.
3. Tom often thinks of his grandpa a lot. （同义句） Tom often ________ his grandpa.
4. He has already lived in Nanjing for ten years. (否定句) _______________________________
5. Nanjing changed a lot in 2003. (用since改写) ______________________________________
6. Tom has collected stamps for ten years. (提问) _____________________________________
7. I know him very well. (提问) ___________________________________________________
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第五课时）
( Reading II )
【学习目的】
1.学会对比某地过去和现在的情况，并描述发生的变化。
2.了解采访城市变化时用到的问题种类。
【课前自主预习】
一、根据汉语提示写单词:
1. We should take action to ________________(减少) water pollution
2. It is ___________(令人愉快的) to talk with you, Mr Wang.
3. Many factories used to d________ their waste water into the clean river.
4. Now more and more students r_________ it is important to learn English well.
5. He lives a________ and sometimes he feels l___________.
二、同义转换。.
1. Mr Li was a doctor in the past, but he isn’t now.
Mr Li _________ _________ _______ a doctor.
2. Sometimes we go to work by bike.
We go to work by bike ________ ________ _______ _______.
3. Peter married Kate in 2006. Peter and Kate ________ _______ in 2006.
4. I have lived here since 2000. It is ________ years _______I came here.
5. He found it very hard to pass the exam.
________ ________ very hard ________ ________ _________ pass the exam.
三、翻译句子（每小题9分，共36分）
1、他过去住在香港。但现在已搬到纽约。
________________________________________________________________________
2、在某些方面我们的生活已经好些了。
________________________________________________________________________
3、然而，1991年我们不得不搬出阳光城，因为政府想在那里建一个新公园。
________________________________________________________________________
4、以前这里有一个邮局。现在已经变成一个饭店。
________________________________________________________________________
【知识链接】
1. miss 想念 eg: I miss my old friends very much.
I don’t want to miss seeing the play on TV tonight.
错过 eg: He missed the early bus this morning.(miss doing --)
2. pleasant : 指环境，地方，行程的舒适愉快。多用于修饰事物。
Eg: The weather is usually pleasant here in May . The trip is pleasant.
pleased : 指感到愉快。通常描述人。 be pleased with--
Eg: I’m pleased with your work. The teacher is pleased with us.
同根词---pleasure. With pleasure /It’s my pleasure.
3 way (1）方面，方式，方法。 in this way /that/another way
in some ways 在某些方面，在某种程度上
a new way of teaching 一种新的教法。
2）路 on one’s way to--- on his way to school / by the way 顺便问一下
4. lonely adj.指人，表示寂寞孤独，指物，表示荒凉，无人居住的
eg: He feels lonely without friends. This is a lonely house.
alone adj./adv. 独自的（地） He lives alone .
5. from time to time =sometimes=at times
6. It’s adj ( for sb) to do---- It’s nice to have open space
It’s interesting for us to fly kites.
It has become more difficult to see my old friends.
7. realize 意为“认识到”“明白”，其后接名词、代词或从句。
e.g. He has already realized his mistake.
The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died.
练一练:
直到走到外面她才知道天气有多冷。
She ________ ________ how cold it was ________ she went outside.
【学习过程】
1. 听录音，跟读课文，能够熟练地朗读课文，可采取竞赛的方式。
2. 完成Page 10 C . D部分的练习，巩固课文内容。
3. 选择课文的重点段落进行当堂背诵，充分理解课文，以便于自己的写作。
4. 对文中出现的重点句型进行强化训练，以求记忆更为深刻。
【自主课堂作业】
一、单项填空（每小题5分，共40分）
（ ）1.Actually, I have already been him for two years.
A. married with B. marry with C. married to D. marry
（ ）2.－Oh, I have a toothache. －You should go and see a .
A. dentist B. teacher C. hospital D. nurse
（ ）3.The rain was heavy, so I get home until 9:00 pm.
A. had to B. didn’t have to C. have D. must
（ ）4.－ have you been here －3 year.
A. How often B. How long C. How far D. How
（ ）5.Because of the busy traffic, the plane when he arrives .
A. has landed B. has taken off C. landed D. took off
（ ）6.Once upon a time, there was a village.
A. lonely B. alone C. lone D. only
（ ）7.Mary has been a league member three years.
A. for B. since C. in D. on
（ ）8.I who he was they told me.
A./, until B. not, until C. don’t know, until D. didn’t know, until
（ ）9. (2004-本溪）David shanghai for more than three months.
A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to
（ ）10. (2004-徐州）None of us knew what had happened they told us about it.
A. when B. until C. after D. thought
（ ）11. (2004-本溪）－May I go to play tennis with you, Dad
－ you your composition yet
A. Are, finishing B. Did, finish C. Will, finish D. Have, finished
二、完成句子。
1. He did his homework ___________________________________ (直到昨晚12：00).
2. His family lives ______________________________________ (在城市的南部).
3. In 1999, I ____________________________(搬出阳光城) because of my new job. So I ______________________________________________(时不时想念我的朋友们).
4. _____________________________ (在某种程度上), it’s nice to have the pretty park.
5. There _______________________________________________ (在过去，这里没有邮局).
6. People used to ____________________________________________ (把垃圾丟进湖里).
7. At last, Tony _________________________(意识到) he was wrong.
8. 自从我结婚以来就住在北京。I ______________ in Beijing _________ I _____________.
9. 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
_________________________________________________ ()
_________________________________________________ ().
10. 我们过去常常在一起打牌和玩中国象棋。
We ______________________________ and _________________________ together.
11. 他们中许多人已经搬到别的地区了，我感到有些孤独。
_______________ of them _____________other areas and I ________ a ____________.
12. 我出生在那里，从我小时候起我就熟悉它了。
I _________________ there and I ____________ it __________. I was very ________.
13. 丑小鸭最后变成了美丽的白天鹅。
The little ugly duck ______________ a beautiful white swan ___________.
14. 南京的水污染比上海的更加严重。
The ______________ is ________________________ in Nanjing than in Shanghai.
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第六课时）
( Vocabulary )
【学习目的】
1. 了解反义词及其反义词的词缀。
2. 在具体的语境中运用恰当的形容词表达肯定和否定的意思。
【课前准备】
一、写出下列词语的反义词（每小题3分，共30分）
1.old___________ 2.pleasant_____________ 3.fast ___________ 4.polite _______________
5.up ___________ 6.usual ______________ 7.open __________ 8.honest_______________
9.same __________ 10.correct ____________ 11. possible _______
二、 用所给单词的反义词填空:
1. Take this empty away and bring me a _______________ one,
2. Nothing is _________________(possible) if we put our minds into it.
3. When you catch a cold, you always feel _________________(comfortable).
4. Please give me an ___________ one. I don’t want the cheap one.
5. It’s not right to be _______________(honest) in exams.
6. The problem is so difficult that everyone here is _____________(able) to work it out.
7. He didn’t pass the exam. He looked quite ______________(happy).
8. If you leave litter in the library, you will be _______________(welcome)
9. He likes watching movies very much but he ____________ it in the past.
10. It is a noisy room. Ask them to be _____________.
【知识链接】
1. 使用前缀un-，in-, im-, dis-, ir-来构成形容词的反义词:
a. 大多数形容词前面加un构成反义词，如：
happy- unhappy kind- unkind true- untrue
able- unable comfortable- uncomfortable friendly- unfriendly
b. 部分以c开头的形容词用前缀in-构成反义词，如： correct- incorrect
c. 以p开头的形容词用前缀im-构成反义词，如： possible- impossible polite- impolite
d. 以r开头的形容词用前缀ir-构成反义词，如： regular- irregular
e. 有些形容词用前缀dis-构成反义词，如： honest- dishonest agreeable- disagreeable
练一练：根据汉语提示填空
(1). He looked ___________(不高兴) when he heard the bad news.
(2). “Gardon” is an _____________(不正确) spelling. It must be “garden”
(3). It’s not good to be a ______________(不诚实) boy.
(4). He broke his leg yesterday. He is ___________(不能) to take part in the sports meeting.
(5). Nothing is _____________ (不可能) if we try our best.
(6). He thinks it _________________(没有必要) to brush the teeth twice a day.
2. a. enough adv. 足够的, 充分的,修饰形容词或副词, 且放在被修饰词之后。
I am lucky enough to have such a friend. 我真幸运有这样的朋友。
He wrote carefully enough. 他写得足够认真。
b. enough adj. 足够的, 充分的, 可修饰名词作定语, 放在名词之前和之后都可。
We have enough food to eat. = We have food enough to eat.
c. not … enough to do sth. “不够……以致于不能……”。
The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is too young to go to school.
He didn’t run fast enough to catch the bus. = He ran too slowly to catch the bus.
练一练:
a. They wrote ________ ________. (足够细心)
b. It is ________ _______ (足够亮) for reading.
c. He was so kind that he would help me. = He was ________ ________ to help me.
【学习过程】
1. 预习情况交流，老师抽查学生的单词背诵。
2. 用“找朋友”的方式，通过课件展示，将形容词凑成对。
3. 独立完成书本12页的填空内容，重点词组做好记号。
4. 熟练使用这些形容词。
【自主课堂作业】
一、单项填空。
( ) 1.Sally is reading an article a super star.
A. in B. on C. with D. as
( ) 2. Her mother for tow years.
A. has died B. died C. has been died D. has been dead
( ) 3.They each other for at least two months.
A. haven’t seen B. have seen C. haven’t been seen D. didn’t see
( ) 4. I to see my childhood friends in the summer vacation.
A. went back B. shall go back C. have gone back D. have been back
( )5. He a great deal since he joined the army.
A. learn . learned C. has learned D. is learning
( ) 6.(2005-桂林）Mr Huang to Kunming. He’ll come back in two weeks.
A. goes B. went C. has gone D. go
( ) 7.(2005-吉林）－How long may I the book －For tow weeks.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. buy
( ) 8.(2005-山西）－ How do you like our city － I think it’s becoming .
A. more beautiful and more beautiful B. more and more cleaner
C. more and more beautiful D. clean and clean
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I want to buy the __________ (cheap) one of the two bikes.
2. Tom plays football very __________ (good). He is __________ (good) at it than I .
3. Tom is very strong. He is the __________ (health) in our class.
4. We have little time. It’s __________ (possible) to finish the work in such a short time.
5. His parents often tell him to drive __________ (safe).
6. The noise is very terrible. It made people very __________ (pleasant).
7. She is __________ (lick). She lost her money.
8. Sweet snacks and hamburgers are __________ (health) food.
9. Your answer is __________ (correct). You must __________ (correct) it.
10. He is an __________ (kind) and is __________ (polite), so we __________ (like) him.
三、完成下面的句子。
1、看到越来越多的人搬进新房子，真是太好了。
_______ ______ ______ see ______ ______ ______ people ______ _______ new houses
2、进入老师的办公室之前不敲门是不礼貌了。
It’s ________ not ______ ______ at the door before _______ into the office.
3、五分钟内画完一匹马是不可能的。
_______ ________ to finish ________ a horse in five minutes.
4、吃饭前不洗手是不健康的。
It’s ________ to eat meals ________ _______your hands.
5、乘卡车旅行是不舒适的。
It’s__________ ________ ______ by truck.
6、上周，我采访了姚明---我最喜欢的篮球明星。
I had an ______ ______ ______ Yao Ming – my _______ basketball player last week.
7、对他来说，写篇文章很容易，就像平常一样。
It is very ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ an article as _____ _____ _____.
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
　
Unit 1 Past and Present （第七课时）
( Integrated skills )
【学习目的】
1. 听对话、获取信息，完成表格。
2. 根据表格内容完成短文填空。
3. 能谈论自己生活的变化。
【课前准备】
一、翻译词组
1. 新鲜空气_____________________________ 2. 住在小村庄里____________________
3. 搬进新房___________________________ __4.借给他一把尺_____________________
5. 在这些年里___________________________ 6. in use____________________________
7. used to live in old houses__________________8. many changes to this place_____________
二、根据汉语完成句子。
1、If you want to see the bridge, you should ____________________________ (乘汽车).
2、Things ___________________ (变了许多) over the years.
3、I am happy that my mother has ____________________(更多的空闲时间) in the morning.
4、My mother______________________(每天都带我上学) when I was young.
5、______________________(发生了巨大的变化) in our country since 1980.
6、___________________________(越来越多的人搬进) new houses in the past few years.
7、The new airport _______________________(使用) for ten years.
【知识链接】
1. lend vt, 意为“借给”，常与介词to连用： lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.
e.g. He lent me his pen.= He lent his pen to me.
Could you lend your bike to me
注意；borrow是lend的反义词，意为“向……借”，常与from连用。
e.g. He often borrows books from the school library.
练一练:
a. He borrowed my pen from me. = I ________ my pen ________ ________.
b. Tom lent me his bike. = Tom ________ his bike _________ me.
注意：borrow的延续性动词为keep。
改错：How long may I borrow this book ___________
2. relax 动词，意为“放松”“（使）休息”。
e.g. A bath relaxes me.
Listening to beautiful songs makes me relax.
a relaxing adj, 放松的 Today is a relaxing day.
b. .relaxed adj. 放松的 I am relaxed today.
练一练:
a. You should ________ your muscles.
b. The old man looks very __________ today.
c. Singing made me __________.
d. I am listening to a ___________ song now.
【学习过程】
1． 预习情况交流。
2． 学习策略培养。
a. 听力练习，根据所听内容完成相应练习。
b. 再次听录音，完成书本18页的A2部分，注意文中的重点词组。
c. 练习对话：同桌即兴操练对话。
【自主课堂作业】
一、英汉互译
1. 事实上 __________________ 2. 在服务 __________________
3. 过去和现在 __________________ 4. 小学 __________________
5. 过去常常 __________________ 6. 独自 __________________
7. 借给…__________________ 8. 顺便问一下 __________________
9. have more free time __________________
10. have time to relax more __________________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
11. Thank you for _____________(write) to me very soon.
12. I am glad ____________(hear) that you are going on holiday soon.
13. There _____________(have) been many changes in Sunshine town.
14. I enjoy ______________(chat) with you and my other friends.
16. School life is _______________(real) great.
17. I have the same _______________(feel).
18. We ______________(go) to the cinema twice already.
19. My father _______________(not come) back yet. My mother and I are worried about him.
20. Sandy _____________(be) to France many times because her father is working there.
21. The students there _________________(finish) ____________(do) their homework yet.
22. Your father ________________(be) here for two hours.
23. Do you know how long it ______________(be) in service
24. We want ____________(help) him with his English.
25. Is she in the _______________(sit) room now
三、句型转换
26. Mr and Mrs Smith have come back already. (改为否定句)
_________________________________________________________.
27. The Whites have lived in China since three years ago. (对划线部分提问)
_________________________________________________________
28. I have learned English for 3 years. (对划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________________
29. I have lived here for two years. (同义句改写)
__________________________________________________________
30. We have learned more than 1000 words. (改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________
四、单句改错
31. There is a new house calling Green House. __________
32. Have you finished your homework already __________
33. Mr. Wang has taught in our school since 10 years. __________
34. It has been in service in 1990. __________
35. Sandy’s father have learned a lot of Chinese. __________
36. I’m very hungry. I haven’t eat anything for a long time. __________
五、翻译下列句子
37. 你乘过飞机旅行吗？_____________________________________________________.
38. 在过去的几年中，我们城市有了很大的变化。
___________________________________________________________________
39. 我也有同样的感觉。_______________________________________________________
40. 我喜欢下课后和别的朋友们聊天。____________________________________________
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第八课时）
( Study skills )
【学习目的】
1、能流利的说出26个英文字母的顺序。
2、会使用英语词典查单词。
3、谈论过去和现在的习惯
【课前准备】
一、你如果想在英语词典中查下列单词，按怎样的顺序，你才能用最短的时间查出他们？
High, miss, pollution, safely, turn, ferry, actually, interview, unhealthy, convenient, impolite
__________________________________________________________________________二、在左边给出页数和单词，请你写出右边单词的页数。
Pages Guide Words Words Pages
80--81 blow board 1. dear
81—82 boast boil 2. glass
217—218 dead death 3. boar
219—220 debt décor 4. body
369--370 glad glaze 5. decide
三、根据上下文和首字母提示，完成下列短文中所缺的单词。
Sandy, thanks for your last letter. You told me something a______ your city. I am very glad to hear that many things have c______ in your city.
Now I am telling you what has h_______ in our city. There have also v______ great changes in Nanjing s______ over twenty years ago. Nanjing is an old city w______ a long history. It was one of the six ancient capital cities in the h______ of China. There are many places of i______ here, every year many travelers com her for their h_______. So I h_______ you can come to our city soon.
【知识链接】简单介绍根据字母顺序查字典的方法：在黑板上写出两个以相同字母开头的单词，比如说people和possible。如果按字母顺序应该是哪个单词在前，以此推导出如果第一个字母相同，就看第二个字母的规则，再给出两个例子，确保每个同学理解。
【学习过程】
a. 对照课本，学习查字典的方法。 b. 完成对应的练习。 c.完成其他拓展训练。
【自主课堂作业】
一、用字母表里排在该字母前面的那个字母替代原来的字母。
1. Upebz jt Uvftebz. ________ 2. J mjlf dipdpmbuf. ___________________
3. Ifbmui jt wfsz jnqsubou up fwfszpof. _______________________________
4. Tqpsut bsf ifmqgvm gps pvs ifbmui. ________________________________
5. J iqpf bmm dbo ibwf b ifbmuiz cpez. __________________________________
二、阅读短文。
Most dictionaries will tell you a number of things about a language. There are three important things. These three things are spellings, pronunciation and meanings.
First, a dictionary will tell you the spelling of a word. If you are not sure about the spelling of a word, you can try to find the correct spelling in a dictionary. Words are listed in alphabetical order (按字母顺序) – a, b, c and so on. For example, on a dictionary page the word “poor” – p, o, o, r –comes before “poverty” – p, o, v, e, r, t, y—and the word “poverty” comes before the word “power”- p, o, w, e, r. The words are always given in alphabetical order.
The second thing, a dictionary will tell you pronunciation. Most dictionaries give phonetic or sound alphabets. The phonetic spelling will tell you how a word is pronounced. There are a few different phonetic alphabets. Many dictionaries use the International (国际的) Phonetic Alphabet to show pronunciation.
The third thing, a dictionary will tell you the meanings of the words. You can look up a word and find what it means. Many words have more than one meaning, and a good dictionary will tell you all of the word’s meanings. For example, in English the common word “get” has over 20 different meanings.
( ) 1. According to the passage, which of the following is one of the three important things .
A How to speak well. B How to use a word.
C How to make a sentence. D How to read a word correctly.
( ) 2. Of the three words “remove”, “remote” and “remount”, _________in a dictionary.
A “remount”comes first and “remove” comes last.
B “remove”comes first and “remote” comes last
C “remote”comes first and “remove” comes last
D “remove”comes first and “remount” comes last
( ) 3. Many words have __________.
A several meanings B few meanings
C one meaning D no meaning
( ) 4. A good dictionary will tell you ________________.
A more of the word’s pronunciation B more of the word’s meanings
C more of the word’s spelling D more of grammar
( ) 5. Phonetic alphabets are used to show __________.
A spellings B handwriting C meanings D pronunciation.
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第九课时）
(Main task)
【学习目的】
1. 学会填写问答卷。
2. 学会从问答卷中获取相关信息。
3. 能够写出自己家乡的有关变化。
【课前准备】
一、翻译词组
1. 引起许多问题__________________ 2. 你们的近期合家照_______________________
3. 计划做某事____________________ 4. 给……带来现代生活____________________
5. 乘出租车去那里__________________6. 给……带来许多利益____________________
7. 一个好环境______________________8. 与……一样好__________________________
二、阅读短文，回答下面的问题。
Beijing—the capital of China. It is also one of the birthplaces of the Chinese civilization (文明) and one of the six ancient capita; cities in China. It is the second biggest city with an area of 17,020 square kilometers. Beijing is changing every day and it is becoming more and more beautiful. Now there are a lot of new buildings, modern shopping malls and large markets.
In the past, Beijing was very clean and quiet and most people went to work or school by bike. Things have changed a lot. Now people can take the bus, the underground or the taxi to go to work or school. It is fast and convenient.
The changes in Beijing have brought many benefits bur they have also caused many problems: air pollution, noise pollution, sandstorms and lots of traffic.
1. Beijing is the biggest city in China, isn’t it ________________________________________
2. What does the underlined sentence mean in Chinese _________________________________
3. Were there many tall buildings in Beijing in the past ________________________________
4. What problems do people have in Beijing now _____________________________________
5. Why have there been changes in Beijing __________________________________________
【知识链接】
如何些报告？写报告之前必须要做一些调查，想想在哪里可以找到资料？完成后要求仔细检查拼写、句子结构等，及时改正自己的错误。
【学习过程】
a、学习Amy的作文，注意重点词组的使用。
b、对照写作提纲，列出自己的基本信息。
c、课堂作业：略加修饰，形成自己的文章。
【自主课堂作业】
一、英汉互译
1. 同意我 __________________ 2. 好环境 __________________
3. 清新的空气 __________________ 4. 小学 __________________
5. 步行 __________________ 6. 新火车站 __________________
7. 离…远__________________ 8. 与以前一样好 __________________
9. has been in use __________________
10. cause many problems __________________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. It is fast ___________(get) there by coach.
2. Some animals and plants have lost their ____________(live) areas.
3. It used _____________(be) very quiet.
4. There ____________(be) fresh air and green hills on the island in the past.
5. Have you heard from her _______________(recent).
6. They got _____________(marry) after a year’s work.
7. We ______________(go) to the cinema twice already.
8. The area has _______________(change) over the years.
9. The changes to Moonlight Town have _____________(bring) many problems.
三、句型转换
1. I have eaten something for breakfast (改为一般疑问句).
_______________________________________________________________
2. My family have been to Shanghai twice. (对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________
3. He has already seen this film. (改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________
4. The old street has turned into a pretty park. (对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________
5. They worked in our school in 2006. (用since改写句子)
_______________________________________________________________
四、单项选择：
( ) 1. “Have you returned the book to the school library___________ ”
“Yes, I have _________ returned it.”
A. yet; yet B. already; already C. already; yet D. yet; already
( ) 2. “_________ have you lived here ” “Since last year.”
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
( ) 3. He has studied in our school _________.
A. since five years B. for five years
C. for five years ago D. in five years
( ) 4. “Can I see the headmaster at the moment, please ”
“I’m afraid not. He _______ out. He__________ in 10 minutes.”
A. goes; comes B. gone; came
C. will go; will come D. has gone; will come back
( ) 5. Nice to see you again. I ________ you for a long time.
A. hadn’t seen B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. don’t see
( ) 6. “_____ your mother ______ yet ” “Yes, she _____ back a moment ago.”
A. Has; come; came B. Have; come; came
C: Has; came; came D. Has; come; has come
( ) 7. “_______ you ever _______ to England ” “Yes, only once.”
A. Did; go B. Have; gone C. Do; go D. Have; been
( ) 8. Our English teacher often asks us to turn the sentences _____ English.
A. into B. on C. in D. off
( ) 9. Since I started secondary school, I’ve come to school by bike ______.
A. on my own B. in my own C. by my own D. with my won
( ) 10. “When did they arrive ” “They ____ two hours ago. They ___ here for two hours.”
A. arrived; have arrived B. arrived; have been
C. got; have been D. reached; have reached
【学后记】：
我的收获 _______________________ 我的不足 _____________________________
_______________________________ ____________________________________
_______________________________ ____________________________________
Unit 1 Past and Present （第十课时）
(Checkout )
【学习目的】复习巩固本单元所学语法。
【课前准备】
一、选词填空。
a. alone, lonely
1. The old man lives ________, but he doesn’t feel ____________
2. The ________ travller found himself ________ after he woke up.
b. luck, lucky, luckily
1. I’m ______enough to get the last ticket.
2. _______, he passed the exam.
3. Wish you good __________.
c. pleased, pleasure, pleasant
1. My parents are _________with my school work.
2 It is ________ to chat with e-friends on the Internet.
3. It’s my _______ to help people in need.
d. easy, easily
1. It this Maths problem ________ Yes, but I can work it out ________.
2. I find the problem __________, I am sure you can work it out ________.
二、翻译词组。
1. 迷路__________________________________ 2. 在钟塔隔壁_______________________
3. 如此大和现代化________________________4. 到达火车站_______________________
5. 没用的东西____________________________6. 感到孤独_________________________
7. 这个单词的反义词______________________8. 扔掉它___________________________
9.. 非常想念某人 _________________________10. 把……带到某地 ________________
11. 交好运 _______________________________12. 独自在家 ______________________
【知识链接】
1. Excuse me, I have lost my map. 对不起，我丢了我的地图。
a. lose vt. 丢失，丧失 e.g. Here’re the tickets. Don’t lost them.
She has lost her interest in her work.
b. lost vt. 输 e.g. He lost the match that day.
注意： lost是lose的过去式和过去分词，同时lost也是一个形容词，如a lost boy；
loss是它的名词形式，如 the loss of the living areas。
练一练:
a. He is out of work. = He has __________ _________ ________.
b. I thought you lost your way. = I thought you ________ _______.
2. not … any more 意为“不再，再也不”，在句中起副词作用，修饰非延续性动词，等于“no…more”, 但是在句中的位置是不同的。
e.g. He will not come back any more. _____________________________
He has died. We will no more see him. _____________________________
练一练:
a. He won’t come here any more. = He will ________ ________ come here.
b. I am angry with him. I will no more speak to him.
= ______________________________________________________________
【学习过程】
1． 预习情况交流。 2．完成书本23页的练习，巩固本单元的重点语法知识。
【自主课堂作业】　
一、Complete the following dialogue:
A: Excuse me, could you _______(tell) me the way to the post office I ______(lose) the way. I want ________(post) the letter. The post office ________（be）here in the past. But now I’m afraid it ________(move).
B: Yes, _______(go) down this street, then _______(turn) left at the first crossing. At the end of the road you _______(find) it.
A: How far is it from here？
B: It’s about twenty minutes’ ________( walk).
A: Can I take a bus
B: Yes.
A: Thank you. Things __________(change) a lot in this city. I _______(be) h