高中英语教学资源库
模块（3）Unit 2重难点解析
1. He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! （Reading）
have sb. doing sth.
1) 允许或容忍(某事)发生；此处的have用在否定句中，特别是用在will not，cannot等之后。如：
I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
2) 使……一直做某事；现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作。如：
He had us all laughing all the meal.
【归纳·拓展】
1) have sth. / sb. done是固定句型，其中have是使役动词，意为“使；让；令”，其常见用法有：
① 表示“请 / 让 / 叫(别人为自己做某事)”的意思。如：
He’s going to have his hair cut.
② 表示“遭遇某种(不幸的)事情”，说明宾语是一种无意识的被动行为，并不说明“谁使宾语遭遇某事”。如：
He had his money stolen on the bus yesterday.
③ 表示“使完成某事”，此事可以是别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的。如：
She told me she had had her house repaired.
2) “have + 宾语 + do”句型表示“让某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语的主动动作。如：
We’d be delighted to have you work with us.
We’re going to have her go to Shanghai with Mr Wang.
3) “have + 宾语 + to do”句型表示“有……要做”，have是实义动词，意为“有”，不定式作定语。如：
He has a lot of work to do today.
2．But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner （Using Language）
该句中的宾语从句属虚拟语气，宾语从句本身是一个主从复合句，主句的谓语是would be；条件状语从句的谓语是were。这是与现在的状况相反的一种假设。条件句中的谓语动词用过去式或系动词were。主句谓语用“would / could / might + 动词原形”。如：
If I were you， I would take the job.
注意：如果在虚拟语气的条件句中有系动词were，had或should，可把if省略，然后把这三个词提到句首。如：Were she younger， she would do it． 此句的条件状语从句是倒装语序，相当于If she were younger。高中英语教学资源库
考点点击模块（3）Unit 2
1. ...have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!（Reading）
【要点精讲】句型have sb. doing中have用在否定句中表“不允许; 不让”，宾补用doing表进行动作。类似的动词还有leave（使；让）。
【考点链接】 Don’t leave the water ________ while you brush your teeth. （2004天津）
A. run B. running
C. being run D. to run
【思路点拨】 答案为B。句意：你刷牙时别让水在流。表进行动作，故选B。
2. ...I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying... （Using Language）
【要点精讲】 so / such... that... 引导目的和结果状语从句，so修饰形容词或副词；such修饰名词。
A. as B. that C. so D. and
【思路点拨】 答案为B。such... that...引导状语从句，句中成分齐全不能用as，故选B。
3. I don’t offer enough fibre and.... （Using Language）
【要点精讲】 offer为及物动词，表示主动提供某物，结构有offer sb. sth.； offer sth. （to sb.）。
【考点链接】 They’ve ________ us ￡150,000 for the house. Shall we take it （2004湖南）
A. provided B. supplied
C. shown D. offered
【思路点拨】 答案为D。表示主动提供某物，A、B项结构相同但与题干要求不吻合，故选D。
4. He suggested they provide a combined menu...（Using Language）
【要点精讲】 suggest后跟从句表陈述语气，动词用适当时态，表“暗示；表明”；表虚拟语气，动词用“（should +）动词原形”，表“建议”。
【考点链接】─How do you ________ we go to Beijing for our holidays
─I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. （2004福建）
A. insist B. want
C. suppose D. suggest
【思路点拨】 答案为D。据答语I think we’d better...情景和语气，该空表“建议”，故选D。高中英语教学资源库
易混词语精练与点拨
一、 afford; supply; provide
1． Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can ________.
2． The car factory ________ cars to all parts of the country.
3． They ________ food and clothes for the sufferers.
【答案】 1. afford 2. supplies 3. provided
【点拨】 afford着重“满足需要而供给或提供”，其结构为：afford sb. sth.， sth.是抽象名词。supply表示“提供”，着重“对于缺乏或感到不足的物质的大量供给”。其结构用法：1) supply sth. to /for sb.意为“给某人供应某物”；2) supply sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。provide着重“提供必需和有用的东西”，常用结构为：1) provide sb. with sth.意为“提供某人某物”；2) provide sth. for sb.意为“提供某物给某人”。
二、 allow; permit; let; admit
1． Father will not ________ us to use his recorder.
2． Smoking is not ________ in most public places.
3． She doesn’t ________ her daughter to go out at night.
4． I’ll ________ you know the result of the voting as soon as possible.
5． The facts ________ of no other explanation.
【答案】 1. allow 2. permitted 3. permit 4. let 5. admit
【点拨】 allow意为“允许；容许”，多指听任或默许某人去做某事，含消极地不反对之意。permit意为“允许；许可”，表示正式的许可，含有比较积极地同意某人去做某事之意；主语是人时，其后可接带to的不定式作宾语。let着重指“允许；让”，含不反对之意，其后接不带to的不定式作宾补。 admit指“允许”某人进入某场所、某单位或加入某团体、某组织。高中英语教学资源库
情态动词表推测用法训练
1. She must have won the gold medal yesterday, ________
A. have she B. must she
C. didn’t she D. do you
2. Put on more clothes. You ________ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.
A. can B. may C. would D. must
3. He ________ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. may give
C. may have given D. might give
4. I’m very sorry. I didn’t hear the phone. I ________ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been
C. have to be D. have to have been
5. ─Are you coming to Tom’s birthday party
─I’m not sure. I ________ go to the cinema instead.
A. must B. would
C. should D. might
6. Sorry, I’m late, I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might B. should
C. can D. will
7. ─I didn’t see her yesterday.
─Of course, you ________ , because she had gone on a trip.
A. can B. may not have
C. can’t have D. mustn’t have
8. You ________ spoken to her. I didn’t see her at the meeting.
A. mustn’t have B. shouldn’t have
C. needn’t have D. couldn’t have
1―5 CDABD 6―8 ACA高中英语教学资源库
常见情态动词的用法分类点拨
近几年的高考题每年都有一至两题涉及到情态动词的用法。而且最近几年高考试题中常借助具体的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的基本用法的理解和掌握，因此在做这样的试题时应认真分析语境中所含的实际意义，并结合情态动词的基本含义和用法做出正确的选择。下面就情态动词的基本用法进行归纳分析，以便同学们更好地掌握。
(1) can 和could的用法
① 表示能力。could主要表示过去时间。
Can you finish the task in such a short time
Could the little boy read before he went to school
② 表示可能性。
Mike cannot be in the classroom.
③ 表示请求和许可。
─Can I use your computer
─Yes, you can.
注意：could 用来表示请求时，是一种委婉的说法，回答时不可用其本身，而要用原形can进行回答。
—Could you tell me the way to the People’s Park, please
─Yes, I can.
④ 用于疑问句或否定句时，表示惊异、怀疑或不相信的态度。常用于否定句和疑问句中。
Can hard work change a person that much
How can you be so careless
(2) may和might的用法：
① 表示请求或许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。肯定回答时，可用may / can / might；否定回答时，用can’t或mustn’t。
—May I go home now
—Yes，you can / may (No，you mustn’t / can’t).
② 在肯定句中，may表示的是事实上的可能性。
Mr Smith looks pale. He may be ill.
③ 表示不太把握的推测，意为“可能；或许”。
He may be in the reading room.
④ 常用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you be happy forever!
(3) will和would的用法：
① will用于第二人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见。
Will you please give me a hand？
② will常用来表示本人的意志、意愿和决心。
I will never come here.
If you will wait for a moment, I will go with you.
③ will常表示现在的倾向性，常译为“常常”。
Fishes will die without water or air.
④ would常用来表示过去经常性发生的动作。
He would sit at the table reading when he was free.
(4) shall和should的用法：
① shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中,表示征求对方的意见。常译为“要某人做某事（吗）”。
Shall I open the window for you
Shall he fetch some chalk
② shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的命令、警告、许诺或威胁。
You shall marry him. = I insist on your marrying him! (命令)
If you are late again， you shall be punished. (警告或威胁)
If you follow my advice, you shall be taken to the club. (许诺)
should表示劝告、命令、建议。其同义词是ought to。在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。
You should / ought to do it right now. Should I open the window for you
(5) must和have to的用法
① 表示必要、必须。
All of us must work hard.
注意与have to的区别：must常表示主观看法，说明说话人认为有必要；而have to则强调客观的必要性，说话人认为外界使得人必须这样做。比较：
I don’t like this computer. I must buy a new one.
There was no bus then, so we had to walk home.
② must引导的疑问句不能用
mustn’t来进行否定回答。要用don’t have to或needn’t。
—Must we hand in our physics papers
—No， you needn’t / don’t have to.
③ must后接系动词be时可表示对目前情况的推测。
The students must be reading in the library now.
They must be in classroom.
④ mustn’t不表示推测，而表示禁止。
You mustn’t smoke here.高中英语教学资源库
汉译英训练
根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. 玛丽似乎在节食以减肥。
Mary seems to ________ to lose weight.
2. 得知他负债累累，他的女友离开了。
Knowing he is ________, his girlfriend went away.
3. 他的妻子不得不把家庭支出减少三分之一多。
His wife ________ on family expenses ________ more than one-third.
4. 作为一位艺术家他是一个成功者。
He was ________ as an artist.
5. 小偷携带价值几千英镑的珠宝逃走了。
The thief ________ several thousand pounds worth of jewellery.
6. 我的祖父靠卖菜为生。
My grandfather ________ by selling vegetables.
7. 托尼厌倦了每天早上吃同样的食物。
Tony ________ the same food for breakfast every morning.
8. 把这两个小班合并起来成为一个大班。
The two small classes ________ a large one.
9. 他竭尽全力去学习英语。
He ________ into studying English.
10. 这个老板欠债已达到5000美元。
The boss’s debts ________ over $5，000.
11. 雨水对植物大有好处。
The rain ________ to the plants.
12. 他父亲终于戒掉了抽烟的习惯。
His father was finally able to ________ smoking.
1. be on a diet 2. deep in debt 3. has to cut down; by 4. a great success 5. got away with 6. earns his living 7. is tired of 8. combined to make 9. put all his energies 10. amount to 11. is of great benefit 12. get rid of / give up高中英语教学资源库
从高考题看“情态动词 + have + done”的用法
很多情态动词可以与动词不定式的完成式连用表示一种特殊的意义:用来表示猜测(设想可能发生了什么事)或想象(设想可能出现过什么不同的情况)。在高考试题中此语法点也备受青睐。先看最新几道相关的高考题目：
【经典考例1】 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I ______ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006江西)
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
【经典考例2】 We ______ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. (2006天津)
A. needn’t B. may not
C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
【经典考例3】 As you worked late yesterday, you ______ have come this morning. （2006陕西）
A. mayn’t B. can’t
C. mustn’t D. needn’t
请看常见的“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”的用法：
一、“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
You must have been mad to speak to the servant.
二、“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：
I didn’t see her at the meeting this morning; she can’t / couldn’t have spoken at the meeting.
He can’t have finished the work so soon.
三、“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：
They may not have known it beforehand.
You might have read about it in the papers.
四、“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：
Need they have done it last week
I needn’t have bought so much wine—only five people came.
五、“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：
You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）
He oughtn’t to / shouldn’t have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）
六、“would ＋ have ＋ 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn’t have acted like that
