名词性从句讲解及练习(江苏省宿迁市泗洪县新星中学李继友)

名词性从句讲解及练习
江苏省宿迁市泗洪县新星中学
制作人：李继友
名 词 性 从 句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词，在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词、宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句注意事项
（一）从句的语序为陈述。；
(二) 从句必须句子成分完整。
（三）主句与从句时态须一致。
（四）连接代词引导名词性从句且在从句中充当主语,宾语, 表语,定语等成分(充当宾语时可省略)。
（五）连接副词引导名词性从句且在从句中充当时间、地点、原因、方式、程度状语等成分。
引导名词性从句的连接词
（一）连接词：that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分。
（二）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever, whom, whose,. 在从句中担当主、宾、表、定语作用。
（三）连接副词：when, where, how, why, 在从句中充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语。
e.g.
. 1） A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do. (01全国)
2） Who will go to the conference is not important.
3） Go and get your coat, It’s where you left it.
4） I read about it in some book or other, does it matter which it was 】(01春招)
5） That he is still alive is sheer luck.
6） Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to me.
whether与if 区别
（一）if有“如果”的意思，而whether没有。
（二）whether可以引导位于句首的主语从句，if不可。
（三）if在名词性从句中只能引导宾语从句 。
（四）whether可以引导主、宾、表、同位语从句 。
（五）whether前可加介词，后可有 or not或不定式to do, if不可。
（六）as if =as though只能引导表语从句
e.g.
主语：Whether we go camping depend on the weather.
表语：The point is whether we can go to school on time。
宾语 ：I don‘t care whether or not you like the plan.
宾语 ： Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Sunday.
同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.
介词宾语： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.
名词性从句 that用法
（一）that引导名词性从句不担任任何成分，无词意，只起连接作用。
（二）that引导宾语从句时，可被省略；引导主、表、同位语从句时，一般不省略。
（三）介词后一般不用that引导名词性从句（in that, except that, but that等除外）。
e.g.
1） That she failed in the exam made us disappointed. (主语从句)
2） She reminded me that I had a meeting to attend. (宾语从句)
3） My idea is that we should get more comrades to do t he work. (表语从句)
4） The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位从句)
5） I know nothing of her except that she is a teacher.
（除了她是一位老师之外，我对她一无所知）
wh-词引导的名词从句
Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：
1） I don’t know what’s wrong with you.
2） Whoever comes late will be punished.
3） The problem lies in which group you choose.
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
order(命令)，suggest(建议)，propose（提议），demand(要求)，insist(坚决要求)，request(请求)，desire(愿望) 等词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句中用should +do (should 可省略)
e.g.
1） He insisted that she should stay here for another week.
2） He suggested that we should study carefully.
3） He demand that we should pay for the car.
同位语从句
同位语从句是对前面的名词起解释，说明其内容意义的从句。同位语从句, 在idea, fact, suggetion, problem, news, hope, belief, thought等词后面, 常常用that或连接代词或副词引导从句.
e.g.
1） I had no idea that they were in that plane.
2） He left me a message that he would buy me a ticket to the rock concert.
3） The news that we will have a one-month vacation is not true.
Whatever等词的用法
whatever ,whoever, whichever,whenever, however, wherever与no matter who, no matter what, no matter which, no matter when, no matter how, no matter where：两组都可以引导让步状语从句；但前一组可引导名词性从句，而后一组则不能。
e.g.
1）Whoever breaks the law shall be punished.（不能用No matter who代替。）
2）Whoever you are, you shall obey the law.（可用No matter who代替。）
名词性从句试题集锦
1. _____ we need more practice is quite clear.
　A. When B. What C. That D. /
　2. _____ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.
　A. If 　 B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when
　3. _____ knows the truth about it will tell you.
　A. Who that B. That C. Whoever D. That who
4. _____ he is doing seems quite difficult.
　A. How B. That C. Which D. What
5. _____ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.
　A. That's B. This is C. It's D. What's
　
6. _____ that there is another good harvest this year.
　A. It says B. It is said
　C. It was said D. He was said
7. _____ that she has received a doctor's degree.
　A. It's a splendid news B. This is a splendid news
　C. It's splendid news D. This is splendid news
8. It is strange _____.
　A. that no one should like this book
　B. that no one liked this book
　C. that why no one likes this book
　D. why no one likes this book
9. It is suggested that the experiment _____ under low temperature.
　A. makes B. is make
　C. should be made D. will be made
10. _____ still needs to be discussed.
　A. How is the plan to be carried out
　B. How the plan is to be carried out
　C. Why is the plan carried out
　D. Why the plan carried out
11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
12. ___________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
13. It was a matter of ____________ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
14. These wild flowers are so special I would do _____________ I can to save them.
A. that B. which C. whichever D. whatever
15. ____________ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether
16. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
17. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game .
A. why B. what C. who D. that
18．What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why ( 2001春上海卷 ---- 29 )
19．___ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The person （ 99年上海卷 --- 3 ）
20．Eat _____ you like and leave the others for _____ comes in late.
A. any, who B. every, whoever C. whichever, whoever D. either., whoever ( 2000春上海卷 ----7 )
21．____ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What, why B. That, why C. What, because D. Why, that
（ 2001年上海卷 --- 27 ）
22．It was ____ he said ___ disappointed me.
A. What, that B. That, that C. What, what D. That, what （ 99年上海卷 - 5 ）
23．Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C when D. as (2001年上海卷 --- 35 )
24．____ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.
A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether
25. I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited.
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
26．－－Idrove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. (99)
　　－－Is that ＿＿＿＿＿ you had a few days off
　A. why　　　 　　 B. when　　　　 C. what　　　　　　D. where　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
27. You should make it a rule to leave things＿＿＿＿＿you can find them again (99)
　A. when 　　　　　B.where 　　　　 C.then 　　　　　　D.there　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
28. We‘ll have tofinish the job.＿＿＿＿＿. (99)
　A. long it takes howewer 　　　　　B. it takes howewer long
C. long however it takes 　　　　　D. however long it takes　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
29.______she couldn’t understand was _______ fewer and fewer studnets showed interest in her lesson. (2000)
A.What , why　　　 B.That , what　 C.What , because　 D.Why , that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
30.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. (2000)　
A.who is he　　　 B.who he is　　 C.who is it　　　 D.who it is　　
1-5 CBCDC 6-10 BCACB 11 -15BAA D A 16-20 B A A A A 21-25.B(或D) B A A D 26-30 ABDAD