“That”用法归纳与练习(江苏省宿迁市泗洪县新星中学李继友)

“That”用法归纳与练习
江苏省宿迁市泗洪县新星中学
制作人：李继友
That的用法在高中阶段考点较多，学生在学习中容易混淆。本文归纳出几点that的用法。它可用作代词、副词，形容词，连接副词，关系代词等，在句中可作主语，宾语，定语，状语或起联结作用等。以下that的主要用法作一些归纳，以供同学们复习时参考。
that用作指示代词，
一．指代前面或上文讲到的人或事物(以避免重复).译为“那个”　
1) This is my book and that is yours.
1) That happened many days ago.
1) This news is worse than that.
1) She was ill. That is why she came late.
二．在打电话时，“this”是我，“that”是“你”的意思。
1） hello! This is Tom. Who is that
三．that用作普通副词。表“程度”，做状语。译为“那么”“那样”(用法同“this”)
1) It wasn’t that so bad.
2) That story doesn’t sound that intsresting.
3) Is it that hot every month
That的习惯用语
That’s that. 情况就是这样.
In that. 既然、因为.
Now that.既然、因为.
That’s it. 对了,就这样.
That's all. (讲话结束语)完了.
That’s all right. (回答致谢或致歉)不必谢,没关系.
That is to say. (作插入语)那就是说,即.
That/it (all) depend. 视情况而定.
Seeing that，鉴于、由于.
名词性从句中的“that”
一. that是从属连词，引导名词性从句不担任任何成分，无词意，只起连接作用。
二. that引导宾语从句时，可被省略；引导主、表、同位语从句时，一般不省略。
三. 介词后一般不用that引导名词性从句（in that, except that, but that,besides that除外）
1） That she failed in the exam made us disappointed. (主语从句)
2） She reminded me that I had a meeting to attend. (宾语从句)
3） My idea is that we should get more comrades to do t he work. (表语从句)
4） The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位从句)
5） I know nothing of her except that she is a teacher.
四. 同位语从句是对前面的名词起解释，说明其具体的内容意义的从句。同位语从句, 在idea, fact, suggetion, problem, rumor, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt, law, opinion, order, theory，truth，view等词后面, 常常用that或连接代词或副词引导从句.
1） I had no idea that they were in that plane.
2） He left me a message that he would buy me a ticket to the rock concert.
3） The news that we will have a one-month vacation is not true.
五. the reason , the cause做主语时，为了避免含义上的重复，后面的表语从句必须用that引导。
1) The reason which he explained is that his mother was ill.
2) The trouble is that we are hungry。
定语从句中的“that”
一. 关系代词“that”引导定语从句且在从句中充当主语,宾语等成分，指代人或物。(充当宾语时可省略);
1) Is he the man（that wants to see you） （that在从句中指人作主语）
2) The woman (that you met yesterday) wants to see you again.（that在从句中指人 宾语,可省略)
二.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.
1) This is the country from which they is learned the news.
2) The is our teacher on whom we all depend.
三.That不能引导非限定性定语从句。
1) I read an interesting book, that was about the Long March. （错）
2) I read an interesting book, which was about the Long March. （对）
四.the same…as…指不同的人或物，
the same…that…表示同一个人或物。
1)This is the same pen as I gave you yesterday. (是两支笔)
2)This is the same pen that I gave you yesterday. (是同一支笔)
五.只用that引导限制性定语从句的情况:
1)当先行词被every,、any、all、some、no、 little、 few、 much、(…..thing)等修饰时，
This is all that I know from my parents.
There is nothing that he leaves for us.
2)当先行词被序数词,形容词最高级修饰时;
The first place that I visited will never be forgotten.
This is the worst book that I have ever read.
3)当先行词是两个或两个以上，分别表示人和物时,
They often talked about the things and persons that they met in the house.
4)当先行词被very、 only、 any、 no,、right、 just 等词修饰时;
That is the only book that I want to borrow.
5)当主句是以who、 which等疑问代词开头的特殊疑问句时;
Who is the lady that is sleeping on the desk
6)当先行词是集合名词（team、police、class、 family等）时；
He wants to join the team that won the game.
7)先行词在从句中作表语时；
Beijing is no longer the city that it used to be.
8)当主句是There be．．．句型时;
There are two chairs that prepare for you
六.关系副词和"介词+which" 结构交替使用中，that =in+which 引导定语从句做方式状语 (可省略)。
I) don’t like the way (that/in which you spoke to your father).
2 )What do you think about the way (language was transmited).
引导状语从句中的“that”
一.引导目的状语从句: so that , in order that (为了，以便)；for fear that(以免，惟恐).
1)He worked hard so that he could be successful soon.
2)In order that he could catch the first bus, he get up earlier than before.
二.引导原因状语从句: now (that)(既然), in that(既然、因为), seeing (that)(由于), considering (that), given (that)(考虑到)。
1）Now that everyone is here, let’s go on with our discussion.
2) Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us correct our mistakes.
三.引导结果状语从句:so…..that 和 such…..that
注意：
so +adj./adv+(a/an+n)+ that such + （a/an）+ adj+n.+ that
so为副词,后接形容词，副词原型，当名词前有many, few, much, little表是“多少”的形容词修饰时，应使用so…..that句型。(so…..that 中间加的是非正常句式)
such为形容词, 后只能接名词。这名词既可以地可数的，也可以是不可数的。如果这名词是可数单数,则在名词前加冠词a/an. (such…..that 中间加的是正常句式)
1)His behavior was so bad that we all refused to receive him in our homes
2)He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.
3)He is so young a boy that he can't go to school.
4)There are so many books that I don’t know which one to choose.
四.引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。
Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to accomplish it on time.
五.引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。
1)Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do
2)On condition that you were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.
强调句中的“that”
that可引导强调句型，即it is/was+强调部分+that从句。当强调部分表人时，也可用who。
1）It is in the 1960’s that we should save energy.
2) It was the teacher who closeded the door for me．
3) It is Mr. Green that makes the decision in her family.
4) It is because it rained yesterday that we can’t go right away.
虚拟语气中的“that”
一.It’s (high) time…….该做……的时候了。后面加动词的过去式或should+动词原形。
1）It’s time that we should go to /went to school
2）It’s (high) time that turned on the radio.
二. order(命令)，suggest(建议)，propose（提议）， demand(要求)，insist(坚决要求)，request(请求)，desire(愿望)等词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句中用that 连接且从句中用should +do结构 (should 可省略)
1） He insisted that she (should)stay here for another week.
2） He suggested that we (should) study carefully.
3） He demand that we (should) pay for the car.
形式主语中的“that”
It 用作形式主语：当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免显得头重脚轻的情况，常用it作形式主语，把that从句移到句子后面。真正的主语是that 引导的从句。
It is said that…　　 据说　　
It is reported that… 据报道　　　
It is believed that…　大家相信　　　　　
It is hoped that…　大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知　　
It is suggested that…　据建议　　　　　
1）It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
2）It is reported that Mr Jiang zemin is going to visited Japan.
3）It is a pity(that) he has made such a mistake.
4）It worried her a little that her hair was turning gray.
5）it Is true that he will go abroad next week
巩固练习
1.They have no idea at all____.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
2.The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
3.The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave
4.___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether
5.The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.
A. that B. which C. whether D. if
6.Is _____he said really true
A. that B. what C. why D. whether
7.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where
8.It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. if C. that D. for
9._____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If
10. At the meeting, we discussed___ we should employ more workers.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
11.One of the properties of light is ______ traveling in wave form as it goes from one place to another.
A. it B. it’s C. its D. their
12.______ in the world has been asked to do his duty for the human society.
A. Each of the tramps B. Every of the tramps
C. The each tramp D. The every tramp
13.In some restaurants, food and service are worse than ______ used to be.
A. they B. it C. them D. that
14.Let the porter take all the baggage out and put ______ in the lobby.
A. it B. they C. them D. its
15.Everyone who comes to the party is given a wooden apple with _____ own names cut in it as a souvenir.
A. his B. her C. their D. our
16. The reason ____ I was away from school is ____ I was ill yesterday.
A. that, that B. why, why C. why, that D. that, why
17._____ ，the Great Wall came into being in Qin Dynasty．
A．It's clear B.We all know
C．As we all know D．Which we all know
18. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she
could turn for help.
A. to whom B. who C. from whom D. that
19. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. them C. that D. which
20. I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the farm ____ you visited last week.
A. when, where B. which, which C. when, which D. which, where
21．—Did you ask the guard what had happened？
—Yes，he told me all ____ he knew．
A．which B．that C．what D．as
22．Do you know ____ Tom is getting on wellwith his classmates？
A．how B．which C．that D．what
23．Strangely enough Ihad no doubtin my mind he would be glad to see me．
A．whether B．that C．although D．unless
24． ____ you're coming to London is the best news I have heard．
A．That B．While C．As D．Before
25．The last place ____ we visited was the Great Wall．
A．which B．that C．where D．it
26．The news has come from the space lab an important experiment on genes has been made successfully．
A．where B．which C．／ D．that
27．They lost their way in the forest and what made the matters worse was ____ night began to fall．
A．that B．as C．when D．what
28. That is___ I was born and grew up.
A. There B. in which C. where D. the place
29.___ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. What B. That C. When D. Because
30.---Have you found your book yet
---No, I’m not sure___ I could have left it.
A. whether B. where C. when D. why
1—15 AABAC 6—10 BBCAB 11—15 CAACA
16—20 CCADC 21—25BCBAB 26—30DACBB