定语从句复习
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课件42张PPT。RevisionThe Attributive Clause3.Titanic is the ship ______________ a terrible disaster happened to.1.This is the ship _________ name is also Titanic .2.Titanic is the ship _______________ sank after hitting an iceberg in 1894.whosethat/which4.Titanic is the ship to ___________ a terrible disaster happened.介词后不能用thatthat/whichwhich1.Fill in the blanks using that / which / whose.Lead-inI was born in Shanghai.
Shanghai is a beautiful city.
Shanghai, where I was born, is a beautiful city.Shanghai, in which I was born ,is a beautiful city.2.Combine each pair of sentences
using when / where.I still remember the day.
I first came to the school on the day.
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.I still remember the day on which I first came to the school.The Attributive Clause定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的词后面。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：
1.引导定语从句。
2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。我们可以用数学的方法——代入法来解析定语从句这个难题。
要运用代入法来解释定语从句，首先要理清定语从句的关系词在句子中能代替什么和能作什么成分。那么，如何才能更好地掌握定语从句呢？表示所有格关系:关系代词何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略物主语，宾语人，物主语，宾语人主语人宾语时间状语地点状语原因状语whose定语用“代入法”解析定语从句，大概有如下几个步骤：
1：通读全句，找出先行词:
（ 即定语从句所修饰的词 ）。
2：判定先行词的属性：
是人，是物，还是人物皆有。
3：把先行词代入后面的定语从句中，分析其所作成分。
4：确定引导词。在这四个步骤中，第三点中的“分析成分” 就是解释并确定定语从句的引导词的关键。 注意：Example:
★1949 was the year ______ New China was founded.
★1949 was the year ____________ the Chinese people can’t forget.
第一步：确定先行词：两句话的先行词皆为 the year
第二步：判定先行词的属性，是物，
（先排除who, whom的可能性）
第三步：把先行词代入定语从句中:
★ New China was founded the year 1949.
when / in which which / that / （时间状语）
★ The Chinese people can’t forget the year 1949.
（宾语）第四步：确定引导词。
in the year 1949.1.The boy who/that lives next door has two dogs.
2.The woman (who/whom/that) you visited last week is a famous writer.
3.Do you know the boy whose eyes are blue?主语宾语定语关系代词的用法1.只用that的情况①先行词是不定代词（如：all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, few等）或先行词被all, only, every, no, some, any, little, few, very（恰好，正是）等修饰时。Everything that can be done is done. He is the very man that they are looking for.在there be句型中。
There’s still a seat that is still free in the corner. 先行词既有人又有物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 先行词是序数词，形容词的最高级或被序数词，形容词的最高级（包括first, last)修饰时。
This is the best book that I have read this year.The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
Our village is no longer the place that it used to be.主句是以who / which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是疑问代词who时（以免重复）。
Which is the room that Mr. Wang lives in?
Who that has seen his works doesn’t admire him？被same修饰的先行词后可用that而不用which.
Yesterday I met the same scientist that you met last year.2.不用that的情况①引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语且置于该介词之后时，先行词如果是人用whom，先行词如果是物则用which，（介词后的关系词不可以省略）。
The person at whom the boys are laughing is my brother.
The room in which we live is very clean. 说明: 将介词移至定语从句中或句尾时，whom可换用who或that也可省去；which可换用that也可省去。The person （whom / that ） the boys are laughing at is my brother.
The room （which / that）we live in is very clean. ②在非限制性定语从句中
The sun, which is very hot, gives a lot of energy to man.
③先行词是that时（以免重复）
What’s that which is moving on the table?④先行词为those, he, she, anyone 等代词表 “人” 时,关系代词用who,一般不用that
Those who want to go there must be at the school gate by 7:00 p.m.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true manwhoseThe house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s window
the window of the houseThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken注意：whose只用作定语，既可以用来指人，也可以用来指物。指物时可与of which结构互换，但词序不同，即
whose+名词=the+名词+of which
=of which+the+名词
whose window is broken1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me.
2.This is the very thing _______ I am after.
3.We talked about the men and the things _______
we remembered at school.
4.He is the only man _______ can do the work.
5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say.
6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked
with.
7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.
8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth.
thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who?Practice9.Is there anything else _______ you want to say?
10.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _______ made others upset.
11.He opened the door, in front of _______ sat a boy.
12.The man to _______ I spoke is a famous scientist.
13.The boy _______ mother is dead was brought up by his father.thatwhichwhich whomwhose1. 关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.
This is the house where I lived last year.
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
when = on the day where = in the housewhy = for the reasons 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词关系副词的用法
Can you think of a situation
_______ you can use the word?注意： where 归纳：
先行词为situation, case, point 时,使用 where.1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
3.I went to the place ___________ I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago.
5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late.
6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave.
when /in whichwhich / that /where/ in whichwhich / that /why/ for whichthat/which/几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词介词+关系代词的特殊情况Is this the watch that you are looking for?
The old man whom I am looking after is better . 注意：在固定短语中介词不能提前
care for, call on, put off, listen to, look for, look after…… 下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1.? Do you like the book she spent $10?
2.? Do you like the book she paid $10?
3.? Do you like the book she learned a lot?
4.? Do you like the book she often talks?
5.? He built a telescope he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.
7.? China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______
is the Yellow River.
8. The tower _____________ people can have a good view
is on the hill.
9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night
is very good at wrestling.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,
most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which介词+关系代词的情况Practiceas 引导的限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same book as I lost.
This is the same book that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book as we all like.
This is so interesting a book as we all like.
This is such an interesting book as we all like it.
This is so interesting a book as we all like it.Please comparethe following sentences :这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.The city where I live is beautiful.
Tongxiang, where I live, is beautiful.插入成分修饰限定补充解释不能能….的限制性定语从句省略后
主语所指就不明确，
所以不能省略。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中as与which的区别：as ,which均可引导非限制性定语从句,as 引导的从句可以放在句首、句中、句末；而which只能位于主句之后。You always work hard, as / which everyone knows.
As is known to all, China is the country with largest population in the world.此外，as有“如…，正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out等，常用被动结构如
as is announced(据宣布）；
as is reported（据报道）；
as is expected
(正如所期待/料想的那样；不出所料）；
as has been explained（正如所解释的那样）;
as is mentioned above; （正如上面所提到的）;
as is known to all/ as we all know
（众所周知）
★ who, whom, whose 也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
Bob’s father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.
He spoke of a pen-friend, the name of whom / whose name I’ve never forgotten.补充：★ when，where ，介词＋which
也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
注意：why不引导非限制性定语从句。
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
In 1912， He went to America ，where he was noticed by an important film director．
I still remember October 2, on which /when he came to see me.
1. They could only read such stories ______ had been rewritten in simple English.
2. His dog became ill and died, ______ made him very lonely.
3. ___ is known to us all, Taiwan belongs to China.
4. My hometown is no longer the same_____ it used to be.
5. She is wearing the same hat _____ I.
6. She is wearing the same hat ______ she wore last week.
7. It is so good a book _______ we all like to read.
8. It is so good a book ____ we all like to read it.
aswhichAs asPracticeasthatasthat as / which / that ?Summary在定语从句使用过程中要避免以下几点：
1.错用、多用或漏用引导词
2.定语从句中的被替换成份没有去掉
3.定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上与先行词不一致
4.介词搭配错误
1.Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who___in China.
A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working
Make some choices:2 .Tom is the only one of the students who___to Shanghai.
A.have gone B.have been C.has been D.had gone3.The old man has two sons,___are lawyers.
A.both of them B.both of who C.both of whom D.both of they4.I have many books,the best____was borrowed by Mary.
A.about them B.of which
C.among them D.in which 5.She showed me the ditionary___she paid a lot of money.
A.by which B.to which C.for which D.on which 6.I can tell you___he told me last week.
A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all that7.Please pass me the dictionary ___ cover is black.
A.which B.its C.whose D.which of8.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ___ family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose9.This is the museum ____ we saw an exhibition the other day.
A. that B. which
C. where D. in that10.This museum is ___ you visited the other day.
A. that B. which
C. where D. the one11.This is the museum ___you saw the other day.
A. that B. where
C. in which D. in that 12.Matter(物质) is anything ____
A. that take up space and have weight B. which take up space and have weight
C. that takes up space and has weight D. those take up space and have weight13.That is the office ___Lincoln once worked in.
where B. which
C. what D. in which 14.The doctor___is going to Europe next year.
A. which the manager is talking to B. who the manager is talking
C. the manager is talking to him D. the manager is talking to15.He is___everyone respects.
the person B. the one which
C. whom D. who16.When they met again, the two friends talked about lots of things and persons ____we could remember in the school.
A.who B.whom
C.that D.which17.July 27,1989 is the day___I will never forget, when we had a wonderful time.
A.on which B.when
C.whom D.that18.Shanghai is the very place ___ the foreigners are eager to visit.
A. where B. in which
C. that D. whose19.I have the same book ___ you bought just now.
which B. that
C. as D. whose20.________ has been announced，we shall have our final exams next month.
A. That B. As
C. It D. WhatCorrect mistakes:
1.I saw some trees leaves of which were yellow.
2.Here is the pen you lost it yesterday.
3.The girl told me the news is not here now.
4.This is the village where my father worked in three years ago.
5. The boss in which company my father worked is a very kind person.
the leaves who told①“Chang “where into “which”
② omitted “in”
whose5.The reason why he gave us sounded a little strange.
6.He is the only one of the students who know French.
7.I’ll never forget the day on which I spent with you.
8.Which was planned, we met at the railway station.
9.This is the teacher with whom we’ve learnt a lot.
that/whichknowsAsfrom
Shanghai is a beautiful city.
Shanghai, where I was born, is a beautiful city.Shanghai, in which I was born ,is a beautiful city.2.Combine each pair of sentences
using when / where.I still remember the day.
I first came to the school on the day.
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.I still remember the day on which I first came to the school.The Attributive Clause定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的词后面。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：
1.引导定语从句。
2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。我们可以用数学的方法——代入法来解析定语从句这个难题。
要运用代入法来解释定语从句，首先要理清定语从句的关系词在句子中能代替什么和能作什么成分。那么，如何才能更好地掌握定语从句呢？表示所有格关系:关系代词何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略物主语，宾语人，物主语，宾语人主语人宾语时间状语地点状语原因状语whose定语用“代入法”解析定语从句，大概有如下几个步骤：
1：通读全句，找出先行词:
（ 即定语从句所修饰的词 ）。
2：判定先行词的属性：
是人，是物，还是人物皆有。
3：把先行词代入后面的定语从句中，分析其所作成分。
4：确定引导词。在这四个步骤中，第三点中的“分析成分” 就是解释并确定定语从句的引导词的关键。 注意：Example:
★1949 was the year ______ New China was founded.
★1949 was the year ____________ the Chinese people can’t forget.
第一步：确定先行词：两句话的先行词皆为 the year
第二步：判定先行词的属性，是物，
（先排除who, whom的可能性）
第三步：把先行词代入定语从句中:
★ New China was founded the year 1949.
when / in which which / that / （时间状语）
★ The Chinese people can’t forget the year 1949.
（宾语）第四步：确定引导词。
in the year 1949.1.The boy who/that lives next door has two dogs.
2.The woman (who/whom/that) you visited last week is a famous writer.
3.Do you know the boy whose eyes are blue?主语宾语定语关系代词的用法1.只用that的情况①先行词是不定代词（如：all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, few等）或先行词被all, only, every, no, some, any, little, few, very（恰好，正是）等修饰时。Everything that can be done is done. He is the very man that they are looking for.在there be句型中。
There’s still a seat that is still free in the corner. 先行词既有人又有物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 先行词是序数词，形容词的最高级或被序数词，形容词的最高级（包括first, last)修饰时。
This is the best book that I have read this year.The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
Our village is no longer the place that it used to be.主句是以who / which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是疑问代词who时（以免重复）。
Which is the room that Mr. Wang lives in?
Who that has seen his works doesn’t admire him？被same修饰的先行词后可用that而不用which.
Yesterday I met the same scientist that you met last year.2.不用that的情况①引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语且置于该介词之后时，先行词如果是人用whom，先行词如果是物则用which，（介词后的关系词不可以省略）。
The person at whom the boys are laughing is my brother.
The room in which we live is very clean. 说明: 将介词移至定语从句中或句尾时，whom可换用who或that也可省去；which可换用that也可省去。The person （whom / that ） the boys are laughing at is my brother.
The room （which / that）we live in is very clean. ②在非限制性定语从句中
The sun, which is very hot, gives a lot of energy to man.
③先行词是that时（以免重复）
What’s that which is moving on the table?④先行词为those, he, she, anyone 等代词表 “人” 时,关系代词用who,一般不用that
Those who want to go there must be at the school gate by 7:00 p.m.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true manwhoseThe house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s window
the window of the houseThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken注意：whose只用作定语，既可以用来指人，也可以用来指物。指物时可与of which结构互换，但词序不同，即
whose+名词=the+名词+of which
=of which+the+名词
whose window is broken1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me.
2.This is the very thing _______ I am after.
3.We talked about the men and the things _______
we remembered at school.
4.He is the only man _______ can do the work.
5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say.
6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked
with.
7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.
8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth.
thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who?Practice9.Is there anything else _______ you want to say?
10.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _______ made others upset.
11.He opened the door, in front of _______ sat a boy.
12.The man to _______ I spoke is a famous scientist.
13.The boy _______ mother is dead was brought up by his father.thatwhichwhich whomwhose1. 关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.
This is the house where I lived last year.
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
when = on the day where = in the housewhy = for the reasons 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词关系副词的用法
Can you think of a situation
_______ you can use the word?注意： where 归纳：
先行词为situation, case, point 时,使用 where.1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
3.I went to the place ___________ I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago.
5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late.
6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave.
when /in whichwhich / that /where/ in whichwhich / that /why/ for whichthat/which/几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词介词+关系代词的特殊情况Is this the watch that you are looking for?
The old man whom I am looking after is better . 注意：在固定短语中介词不能提前
care for, call on, put off, listen to, look for, look after…… 下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1.? Do you like the book she spent $10?
2.? Do you like the book she paid $10?
3.? Do you like the book she learned a lot?
4.? Do you like the book she often talks?
5.? He built a telescope he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.
7.? China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______
is the Yellow River.
8. The tower _____________ people can have a good view
is on the hill.
9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night
is very good at wrestling.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,
most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which介词+关系代词的情况Practiceas 引导的限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same book as I lost.
This is the same book that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book as we all like.
This is so interesting a book as we all like.
This is such an interesting book as we all like it.
This is so interesting a book as we all like it.Please comparethe following sentences :这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.The city where I live is beautiful.
Tongxiang, where I live, is beautiful.插入成分修饰限定补充解释不能能….的限制性定语从句省略后
主语所指就不明确，
所以不能省略。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中as与which的区别：as ,which均可引导非限制性定语从句,as 引导的从句可以放在句首、句中、句末；而which只能位于主句之后。You always work hard, as / which everyone knows.
As is known to all, China is the country with largest population in the world.此外，as有“如…，正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out等，常用被动结构如
as is announced(据宣布）；
as is reported（据报道）；
as is expected
(正如所期待/料想的那样；不出所料）；
as has been explained（正如所解释的那样）;
as is mentioned above; （正如上面所提到的）;
as is known to all/ as we all know
（众所周知）
★ who, whom, whose 也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
Bob’s father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.
He spoke of a pen-friend, the name of whom / whose name I’ve never forgotten.补充：★ when，where ，介词＋which
也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
注意：why不引导非限制性定语从句。
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
In 1912， He went to America ，where he was noticed by an important film director．
I still remember October 2, on which /when he came to see me.
1. They could only read such stories ______ had been rewritten in simple English.
2. His dog became ill and died, ______ made him very lonely.
3. ___ is known to us all, Taiwan belongs to China.
4. My hometown is no longer the same_____ it used to be.
5. She is wearing the same hat _____ I.
6. She is wearing the same hat ______ she wore last week.
7. It is so good a book _______ we all like to read.
8. It is so good a book ____ we all like to read it.
aswhichAs asPracticeasthatasthat as / which / that ?Summary在定语从句使用过程中要避免以下几点：
1.错用、多用或漏用引导词
2.定语从句中的被替换成份没有去掉
3.定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上与先行词不一致
4.介词搭配错误
1.Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who___in China.
A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working
Make some choices:2 .Tom is the only one of the students who___to Shanghai.
A.have gone B.have been C.has been D.had gone3.The old man has two sons,___are lawyers.
A.both of them B.both of who C.both of whom D.both of they4.I have many books,the best____was borrowed by Mary.
A.about them B.of which
C.among them D.in which 5.She showed me the ditionary___she paid a lot of money.
A.by which B.to which C.for which D.on which 6.I can tell you___he told me last week.
A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all that7.Please pass me the dictionary ___ cover is black.
A.which B.its C.whose D.which of8.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ___ family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose9.This is the museum ____ we saw an exhibition the other day.
A. that B. which
C. where D. in that10.This museum is ___ you visited the other day.
A. that B. which
C. where D. the one11.This is the museum ___you saw the other day.
A. that B. where
C. in which D. in that 12.Matter(物质) is anything ____
A. that take up space and have weight B. which take up space and have weight
C. that takes up space and has weight D. those take up space and have weight13.That is the office ___Lincoln once worked in.
where B. which
C. what D. in which 14.The doctor___is going to Europe next year.
A. which the manager is talking to B. who the manager is talking
C. the manager is talking to him D. the manager is talking to15.He is___everyone respects.
the person B. the one which
C. whom D. who16.When they met again, the two friends talked about lots of things and persons ____we could remember in the school.
A.who B.whom
C.that D.which17.July 27,1989 is the day___I will never forget, when we had a wonderful time.
A.on which B.when
C.whom D.that18.Shanghai is the very place ___ the foreigners are eager to visit.
A. where B. in which
C. that D. whose19.I have the same book ___ you bought just now.
which B. that
C. as D. whose20.________ has been announced，we shall have our final exams next month.
A. That B. As
C. It D. WhatCorrect mistakes:
1.I saw some trees leaves of which were yellow.
2.Here is the pen you lost it yesterday.
3.The girl told me the news is not here now.
4.This is the village where my father worked in three years ago.
5. The boss in which company my father worked is a very kind person.
the leaves who told①“Chang “where into “which”
② omitted “in”
whose5.The reason why he gave us sounded a little strange.
6.He is the only one of the students who know French.
7.I’ll never forget the day on which I spent with you.
8.Which was planned, we met at the railway station.
9.This is the teacher with whom we’ve learnt a lot.
that/whichknowsAsfrom