unit2 language
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学案 模块三 Unit 2 Language
1. confusing (adj.) (=unclear and difficult to understand)
We often say ‘very confusing’
e.g. The instructions were really confusing.
Cricket can be a pretty confusing game for non-players.
Life's confusing sometimes, you know.
*同义词
1)（= not clear）不清楚的，含糊的
unclear/not clear ambiguous vague confusing unintelligible
2)(=something that makes you feel confused)令人困惑的
confusing puzzling bewildering
adj. confused adv. confusingly
vt. confuse
1)(=to make someone feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand)
e.g. I understand the text but the diagrams are confusing me.
2)(= to think wrongly that a person or thing is someone or something else)
confuse sb with sth
e.g. People might well confuse the two products.
I always confuse you with your sister - you look so alike.
3) confuse the issue/matter/argument etc(=to make it even more difficult to think clearly about a situation or problem or to deal with it)
e.g. He kept asking unnecessary questions which only confused the issue.
2.invade vi/vt. (=to enter a country, town, or area using military force, in order to take control of it)
e.g.The Romans invaded Britain 2000 years ago.
A virus has invaded most of their computers already.er.
Sicily was invaded by the Normans, and later by the Saracens.
*搭配NOUNS: army, body, country, home, island, privacy, territory, world
*同义词 attack a place or country
n. invasion [C.U] e.g. the invasion of Normandy
3. create v.
1)引起，造成(=to make something exist that did not exist before)
e.g. Some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion.
Her behaviour is creating a lot of problems.
The new factory is expected to create more than 400 new jobs.
Some believe the universe was created by a big explosion.
2)创造，创作(=to invent or design something)
e.g. This dish was created by our chef Jean Richard.
Philip Glass created a new kind of music.
Picasso created a completely new style of painting.
She wanted to create a garden to complement her beautiful home.
*搭配 NOUNS: atmosphere, environment, file, illusion, image, impression, job, market, opportunity, problem, system, wealth, world
VERBS: help, try
4. rule
1) rule n. [c] (=an official instruction that says how things must be done or what is allowed, especially in a game, organization, or job) [= law, regulation]
e.g. It says in the rules that every child has to wear school uniform.
What are the rules of the game
strict rule
unwritten/unspoken rule (=an unofficial rule that everyone knows about)
break a rule (=not obey a rule)
follow/obey the rules
bend/stretch the rules (=do something that is not normally allowed)
under the rules (of something) (=according to a particular set of rules)
*更多例子
It is strictly against the rules for athletes to take drugs.
No one's allowed to ride with the driver. That's a company rule.
The rules of grammar in French are very complex.
2)rule v.
(1) vi./ vt 统治(=to have the official power to control a country and the people who live there) [ govern]:
e.g. Queen Victoria ruled England for 64 years.
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547.
rule over 统治，支配
e.g. Alexander the Great ruled over a huge empire.
(2)vt. 控制，影响 (=if a feeling or desire rules someone, it has a powerful and controlling influence on their actions) =control/influence
e.g. the passion for power and success which rules her life
Ashley's life was ruled by her addiction to drugs.
The Medical Examiner's office ruled the death a murder.
rule sth./sb. out 排除…, 划去
The police have ruled out suicide.
She has refused to rule out the possibility of singing again.
5. replace vt.
1)替换，代替，取代(=take the place of)
replace sb./sth.
e.g. I'm replacing Sue on the team.
Lectures have replaced the old tutorial system.
Two of the tyres had to be replaced.
replace A with B 用B代替A
e.g. They replaced the permanent staff with part-timers.
6. adopt
1)vi./vt. adopt a child 收养
(=to take someone else's child into your home and legally become its parent)[ foster ]:
e.g. Sally was adopted when she was four.
The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to adopt.
2) vt. adopt an approach/policy/attitude etc 采用
(=to start to deal with or think about something in a particular way)
e.g. The store recently adopted a drug testing policy for all new employees.
California has adopted a tough stance(姿态) on the issue.
*同义词（to look after a child who is not your own for a long time） adopt foster guardian in care
adopter n. [c] 养父母 adoptee n.[c] 被收养者 adoption n. 收养，采用
7.record
1) record v
(1) vt. 记录 e.g. Her husband made her record every penny she spent.
record +that从句
e.g. He recorded that the operation was successful.
In 1892, it is recorded that the weather became so cold that the river froze over.
(2)vt./vi 录音，录制
e.g. The group has just recorded a new album.
Is the machine still recording
I'll record the film and we can all watch it later.
(3)vt. 记载下来 (=if an instrument records the size, speed, temperature etc of something, it measures it and keeps that information)
e.g. Wind speeds of up to 100 mph have been recorded.
2) record n.
(1)记录，记载 [C]
e.g . The fact that they have had the test will be noted on their medical records.
keep a record
medical/dental records
school records
historical records
a written record
place/put sth. on record (=include something in the official records)
be on record (=when something you have said is written down)
access to records (=the right to see a record)
(2)(体育运动中最高或低的)记录[C]
e.g. As a student, he broke the Scottish record for the 100 metres.
break/beat a record
hold a record
smash a record (=beat a record easily)
equal a record
a world record
an Olympic record
(3) 唱片[C]
e.g. I spent a lot of time listening to records.
My dad's got a huge record collection.
a major British record company
8. be made up of 由…组成，由…构成
e.g. This museum is made up of three parts.
be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made by
e.g. These books are made from wood.
The desk is made of wood.
All the cars are made in China.
The model plane will be made by his son.
9. consist of 由…组成， 由…构成(=to be formed from two or more things or people)
(=be made up of) 不用被动语态
e.g. The buffet consisted of several different Indian dishes.
consist mainly/largely/primarily of sb. /sth.
e.g. The audience consisted mainly of teenagers.
consist entirely/solely of sb./sth.
e.g. The area does not consist entirely of rich people, despite popular belief. 10. have an impact on
10. have an impact on/upon… 对…有影响，对… 有作用
(=inluence, affect, have an effect/influence on)
e.g. The change in leadership will have a huge impact on government policy.
11. depend on/upon sb./sth.
1) 取决于…, 视…而定
e.g. We might need more cars, depending on the number of people gathering here.
depend on how/what/whether etc
e.g. Choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for.
2)依靠，信赖，需要，依靠（提供资金，帮助） （=if something depends on something else, it is directly affected or decided by that thing）
e.g. The length of time spent exercising depends on the sport you are training for.
The country depends heavily on its tourist trade
depend on sb./sth. for sth.
e.g Many women have to depend on their husbands for their state pension.
depend on sb./sth. to do
e.g.I'm depending on you to tell me everything.
depend on sb. doing something
e.g.We're depending on him finishing the job by Friday.
3)口语中（used to say that you cannot give a definite answer to something because your answer will be affected by something else）
e.g. 'How long are you staying ' 'I don't know; it depends.'
12. promise
1) vt. /vi.
(1) [(=to tell someone that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will happen)
promise sth. e.g. Last night the headmaster promised a full investigation.
promise to do sth. e.g. She's promised to do all she can to help.
promise (that) e.g. Hurry up - we promised we wouldn't be late.
promise sb. (that) e.g. You promised me the car would be ready on Monday.
promise sth. to sb. e.g. I've promised that book to Ian, I'm afraid.
promise somebody something e.g. The company promised us a bonus this year.
e.g.'I'll be back by 1.00.' ' Promise ' 'Yes! Don't worry.'
He reappeared two hours later, as promised.
'Promise me you won't do anything stupid.' 'I promise.'
2) n. [c] (= statement that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will definitely happen)
a promise of e.g.a promise of help
a promise to sb. e.g.his promise to his father
make a promise to do sth.
e.g. She made a promise to visit them once a month.
keep/break a promise (=to do or fail to do something you promised)
e.g. Don't make promises you can't keep.
I might have to break my promise.
13. disagree vi
1) 意见不一，分歧(=to have or express a different opinion from someone else )[≠ agree]
disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一致 e.g. He is tolerant of those who disagree with him.
disagree about/over/on sth. 在某事上意见不一
e.g. Experts disagree on how much the program will cost.
Barr strongly disagreed with Kronfeld's statement.
disagree with doing sth. 不同意做某事
2)不一致，不同, 不统一(=if statements, numbers, or reports about the same event or situation disagree, they are different from each other) [≠ agree]:
e.g. The statements of several witnesses disagree.
3)(食物等)对某人不适宜，使人不舒服(=if something such as food or weather disagrees with you, it has a bad effect on you or makes you ill)
disagree with sb.
e.g. Seafood always disagrees with me.
disagree v. –disagreement n.
agree v.—agreement n.
14. set
vt.确定(标准等), 制定(规则等), 树立(榜样, 规范等)
e.g. Before we start playing the game, we need to set some rules. 制定一些规则
写出其他含义
1) Olive Twist is set in London. (为…设置背景)
2)In dry winter, a little spark can easily set the woods on fire. (使处于某种状态)
3)The sun sets in the west. ( 落下)
4)Have you set a date for your wedding yet (安排，确定)
15. ban (banned, banned)
1) vt.禁止 (=to say that something must not be done, seen, used etc) [= prohibit; ≠ allow]:
e.g. Smoking is banned in the building.
ban sb from doing 禁止某人做某事
e.g Charlie's been banned from driving for a year.
a banned substance/drug (=a drug that people competing in a sport are not allowed to take because it improves their performance)
2)n.[C] 禁令， 禁止
a ban on… 对…的禁令
e.g. There is a ban on smoking in our school.
16. spread
1)n. 传播, 蔓延，展开(single) (=when something affects or is known about by more people or involves a larger area)
spread of
e.g. the rapid spread of cholera(霍乱) in Latin America
The spread of AIDs in the last few years has been alarming.
2) vi./vt. 传播，散布 (spread, spread)
e.g. I’ll tell you a secret, but you must promise not to spread it aournd.
The disease spread quickly.
spread to/through/over
e.g. Buddhism spread to China from India.
17. access
1)vt. 接近，使用
e.g. You can access the tree by a ladder.
Users can access their voice mail remotely.
2) n. [u]
(1)使用权(=the right to enter a place, use something, see someone etc)
access to
e.g. Cats should always have access to fresh, clean water.
(2)接近…的机会(＝how easy or difficult it is for people to enter a public building, to reach a place, or talk to someone)
e.g. Citizens may have the access to the library
(3)通路，通道(=the way you use to enter a building or reach a place)
e.g. Access to the restrooms is through the corridor.
a villa with easy access to the sea
18. look up
1)查寻(在字典里等)
e.g. The lady is helping a boy look up a book in the catalogue.(目录)
Don’t look up each new word you meet in the dictionary while reading an article.
2)向上看，仰视
19. care about 关心，关怀，关注，在意
e.g. He cares a lot about his marks at school.
区别 care about, care for
care for 非常喜欢/照顾，照料
e.g. He cares for her, no matter what she does.
Nurses care for the patients in the hospital.
20. at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度
e.g. ‘At one time, I lived in poverty,’ the billionaire told his audience.
写出下列短语的含义
at all times 总是，随时
at the same time 同时
at a time 每次，一次
at any time 在任何时候
at times 有时，间或
at the time of… 在…的时期
21. represent
1)vt. 代表(某人/某组织) （=to officially speak or take action for another person or group of people）
e.g. Mr Kobayashi was chosen to represent the company at the conference.
2)(法庭上)代表(某人, 尤指为自己辩护) (=to speak officially for someone in a court of law)
represent yourself
e.g.She decided to represent herself (=speak for herself without a lawyer) during the trial.(审判)
派生词
n. representation 代表，维护，表现形式，描绘
representative 代表人
22. simplify (simplified)
vt. 简化(=to make something easier or less complicated)
simply sth.
e.g. The writer tried to simply his story for children to read.
The law needs to be simplified.
a simplified version of the game
23. originally adv. 最初，原先，起先
originally adv.—original adj. – origin n.
e.g. Originally this house was rather old, but we’ve redecorated it.
填空
1)Who was the original owner of this house
2)What is the origin of man
24. reflect vt.
1)反映，映出（影象）/反射（声音，光，热等）
e.g. The mirror reflects your image when you look into it.
be reflected in sth.
e.g. She could see her face reflected in the car's windshield.（挡风玻璃）
2)显示，表达，表明(事物的自然属性，或人们的态度，情感等)
e.g. The figure reflects a change in people’s traveling habits.
reflect who/what/how etc
e.g. How much you're paid reflects how important you are to the company you work for.
25. indicate vi/vt.
1)vt. 显示，象征(=to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true)
indicate sth.
indicate +(that)从句
e.g. Research indicates that over 81% of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary.
The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime.
2)vt. [transitive] to say or do something to make your wishes, intentions etc clear:
The Russians have already indicated their willingness to cooperate.
Professor Johnson has indicated his intention to retire at the end of next year.
indicate (that)
Ralph patted the sofa to indicate that she should join him.
Please indicate your preference on the booking form.
26. differ from 与…不同(=be different from)
同义句：Eric’s view are considerably different from those of his parents.
Eric’s view differ considerably from those of his parents.
28. in that 因为，原因是
连词词组，常用与书面语中，相当于because
e.g. This research is unique in that/because it is carried out in outer space.
29. as a whole 作为整体，总体上 (=as on thing and not as separate parts)
e.g. The project will be beneficial to our city and to our country as a whole.
30. turn into 变成
e.g. The caterpillar finally turned into a butterfly.
turn sb./sth. into 把…变成
e.g. Heat turns ice into steam.
31. combine … together 把…结合起来
combine A with B 把A与B 结合起来
e.g. None of us has much money, so let’s combine what we’ve got together.
If we can combine theory with practice, it will be better.
32. over time 随着时间的流逝或推移
e.g. The lake in my hometown shallowed over time.
写出中文意思--类似表达时间的词组：
over centuries 几个世纪以来
over the years 这些年来
over the months 几个月来
over a period of time 一段时间以来
PAGE
1
1. confusing (adj.) (=unclear and difficult to understand)
We often say ‘very confusing’
e.g. The instructions were really confusing.
Cricket can be a pretty confusing game for non-players.
Life's confusing sometimes, you know.
*同义词
1)（= not clear）不清楚的，含糊的
unclear/not clear ambiguous vague confusing unintelligible
2)(=something that makes you feel confused)令人困惑的
confusing puzzling bewildering
adj. confused adv. confusingly
vt. confuse
1)(=to make someone feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand)
e.g. I understand the text but the diagrams are confusing me.
2)(= to think wrongly that a person or thing is someone or something else)
confuse sb with sth
e.g. People might well confuse the two products.
I always confuse you with your sister - you look so alike.
3) confuse the issue/matter/argument etc(=to make it even more difficult to think clearly about a situation or problem or to deal with it)
e.g. He kept asking unnecessary questions which only confused the issue.
2.invade vi/vt. (=to enter a country, town, or area using military force, in order to take control of it)
e.g.The Romans invaded Britain 2000 years ago.
A virus has invaded most of their computers already.er.
Sicily was invaded by the Normans, and later by the Saracens.
*搭配NOUNS: army, body, country, home, island, privacy, territory, world
*同义词 attack a place or country
n. invasion [C.U] e.g. the invasion of Normandy
3. create v.
1)引起，造成(=to make something exist that did not exist before)
e.g. Some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion.
Her behaviour is creating a lot of problems.
The new factory is expected to create more than 400 new jobs.
Some believe the universe was created by a big explosion.
2)创造，创作(=to invent or design something)
e.g. This dish was created by our chef Jean Richard.
Philip Glass created a new kind of music.
Picasso created a completely new style of painting.
She wanted to create a garden to complement her beautiful home.
*搭配 NOUNS: atmosphere, environment, file, illusion, image, impression, job, market, opportunity, problem, system, wealth, world
VERBS: help, try
4. rule
1) rule n. [c] (=an official instruction that says how things must be done or what is allowed, especially in a game, organization, or job) [= law, regulation]
e.g. It says in the rules that every child has to wear school uniform.
What are the rules of the game
strict rule
unwritten/unspoken rule (=an unofficial rule that everyone knows about)
break a rule (=not obey a rule)
follow/obey the rules
bend/stretch the rules (=do something that is not normally allowed)
under the rules (of something) (=according to a particular set of rules)
*更多例子
It is strictly against the rules for athletes to take drugs.
No one's allowed to ride with the driver. That's a company rule.
The rules of grammar in French are very complex.
2)rule v.
(1) vi./ vt 统治(=to have the official power to control a country and the people who live there) [ govern]:
e.g. Queen Victoria ruled England for 64 years.
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547.
rule over 统治，支配
e.g. Alexander the Great ruled over a huge empire.
(2)vt. 控制，影响 (=if a feeling or desire rules someone, it has a powerful and controlling influence on their actions) =control/influence
e.g. the passion for power and success which rules her life
Ashley's life was ruled by her addiction to drugs.
The Medical Examiner's office ruled the death a murder.
rule sth./sb. out 排除…, 划去
The police have ruled out suicide.
She has refused to rule out the possibility of singing again.
5. replace vt.
1)替换，代替，取代(=take the place of)
replace sb./sth.
e.g. I'm replacing Sue on the team.
Lectures have replaced the old tutorial system.
Two of the tyres had to be replaced.
replace A with B 用B代替A
e.g. They replaced the permanent staff with part-timers.
6. adopt
1)vi./vt. adopt a child 收养
(=to take someone else's child into your home and legally become its parent)[ foster ]:
e.g. Sally was adopted when she was four.
The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to adopt.
2) vt. adopt an approach/policy/attitude etc 采用
(=to start to deal with or think about something in a particular way)
e.g. The store recently adopted a drug testing policy for all new employees.
California has adopted a tough stance(姿态) on the issue.
*同义词（to look after a child who is not your own for a long time） adopt foster guardian in care
adopter n. [c] 养父母 adoptee n.[c] 被收养者 adoption n. 收养，采用
7.record
1) record v
(1) vt. 记录 e.g. Her husband made her record every penny she spent.
record +that从句
e.g. He recorded that the operation was successful.
In 1892, it is recorded that the weather became so cold that the river froze over.
(2)vt./vi 录音，录制
e.g. The group has just recorded a new album.
Is the machine still recording
I'll record the film and we can all watch it later.
(3)vt. 记载下来 (=if an instrument records the size, speed, temperature etc of something, it measures it and keeps that information)
e.g. Wind speeds of up to 100 mph have been recorded.
2) record n.
(1)记录，记载 [C]
e.g . The fact that they have had the test will be noted on their medical records.
keep a record
medical/dental records
school records
historical records
a written record
place/put sth. on record (=include something in the official records)
be on record (=when something you have said is written down)
access to records (=the right to see a record)
(2)(体育运动中最高或低的)记录[C]
e.g. As a student, he broke the Scottish record for the 100 metres.
break/beat a record
hold a record
smash a record (=beat a record easily)
equal a record
a world record
an Olympic record
(3) 唱片[C]
e.g. I spent a lot of time listening to records.
My dad's got a huge record collection.
a major British record company
8. be made up of 由…组成，由…构成
e.g. This museum is made up of three parts.
be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made by
e.g. These books are made from wood.
The desk is made of wood.
All the cars are made in China.
The model plane will be made by his son.
9. consist of 由…组成， 由…构成(=to be formed from two or more things or people)
(=be made up of) 不用被动语态
e.g. The buffet consisted of several different Indian dishes.
consist mainly/largely/primarily of sb. /sth.
e.g. The audience consisted mainly of teenagers.
consist entirely/solely of sb./sth.
e.g. The area does not consist entirely of rich people, despite popular belief. 10. have an impact on
10. have an impact on/upon… 对…有影响，对… 有作用
(=inluence, affect, have an effect/influence on)
e.g. The change in leadership will have a huge impact on government policy.
11. depend on/upon sb./sth.
1) 取决于…, 视…而定
e.g. We might need more cars, depending on the number of people gathering here.
depend on how/what/whether etc
e.g. Choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for.
2)依靠，信赖，需要，依靠（提供资金，帮助） （=if something depends on something else, it is directly affected or decided by that thing）
e.g. The length of time spent exercising depends on the sport you are training for.
The country depends heavily on its tourist trade
depend on sb./sth. for sth.
e.g Many women have to depend on their husbands for their state pension.
depend on sb./sth. to do
e.g.I'm depending on you to tell me everything.
depend on sb. doing something
e.g.We're depending on him finishing the job by Friday.
3)口语中（used to say that you cannot give a definite answer to something because your answer will be affected by something else）
e.g. 'How long are you staying ' 'I don't know; it depends.'
12. promise
1) vt. /vi.
(1) [(=to tell someone that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will happen)
promise sth. e.g. Last night the headmaster promised a full investigation.
promise to do sth. e.g. She's promised to do all she can to help.
promise (that) e.g. Hurry up - we promised we wouldn't be late.
promise sb. (that) e.g. You promised me the car would be ready on Monday.
promise sth. to sb. e.g. I've promised that book to Ian, I'm afraid.
promise somebody something e.g. The company promised us a bonus this year.
e.g.'I'll be back by 1.00.' ' Promise ' 'Yes! Don't worry.'
He reappeared two hours later, as promised.
'Promise me you won't do anything stupid.' 'I promise.'
2) n. [c] (= statement that you will definitely do or provide something or that something will definitely happen)
a promise of e.g.a promise of help
a promise to sb. e.g.his promise to his father
make a promise to do sth.
e.g. She made a promise to visit them once a month.
keep/break a promise (=to do or fail to do something you promised)
e.g. Don't make promises you can't keep.
I might have to break my promise.
13. disagree vi
1) 意见不一，分歧(=to have or express a different opinion from someone else )[≠ agree]
disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一致 e.g. He is tolerant of those who disagree with him.
disagree about/over/on sth. 在某事上意见不一
e.g. Experts disagree on how much the program will cost.
Barr strongly disagreed with Kronfeld's statement.
disagree with doing sth. 不同意做某事
2)不一致，不同, 不统一(=if statements, numbers, or reports about the same event or situation disagree, they are different from each other) [≠ agree]:
e.g. The statements of several witnesses disagree.
3)(食物等)对某人不适宜，使人不舒服(=if something such as food or weather disagrees with you, it has a bad effect on you or makes you ill)
disagree with sb.
e.g. Seafood always disagrees with me.
disagree v. –disagreement n.
agree v.—agreement n.
14. set
vt.确定(标准等), 制定(规则等), 树立(榜样, 规范等)
e.g. Before we start playing the game, we need to set some rules. 制定一些规则
写出其他含义
1) Olive Twist is set in London. (为…设置背景)
2)In dry winter, a little spark can easily set the woods on fire. (使处于某种状态)
3)The sun sets in the west. ( 落下)
4)Have you set a date for your wedding yet (安排，确定)
15. ban (banned, banned)
1) vt.禁止 (=to say that something must not be done, seen, used etc) [= prohibit; ≠ allow]:
e.g. Smoking is banned in the building.
ban sb from doing 禁止某人做某事
e.g Charlie's been banned from driving for a year.
a banned substance/drug (=a drug that people competing in a sport are not allowed to take because it improves their performance)
2)n.[C] 禁令， 禁止
a ban on… 对…的禁令
e.g. There is a ban on smoking in our school.
16. spread
1)n. 传播, 蔓延，展开(single) (=when something affects or is known about by more people or involves a larger area)
spread of
e.g. the rapid spread of cholera(霍乱) in Latin America
The spread of AIDs in the last few years has been alarming.
2) vi./vt. 传播，散布 (spread, spread)
e.g. I’ll tell you a secret, but you must promise not to spread it aournd.
The disease spread quickly.
spread to/through/over
e.g. Buddhism spread to China from India.
17. access
1)vt. 接近，使用
e.g. You can access the tree by a ladder.
Users can access their voice mail remotely.
2) n. [u]
(1)使用权(=the right to enter a place, use something, see someone etc)
access to
e.g. Cats should always have access to fresh, clean water.
(2)接近…的机会(＝how easy or difficult it is for people to enter a public building, to reach a place, or talk to someone)
e.g. Citizens may have the access to the library
(3)通路，通道(=the way you use to enter a building or reach a place)
e.g. Access to the restrooms is through the corridor.
a villa with easy access to the sea
18. look up
1)查寻(在字典里等)
e.g. The lady is helping a boy look up a book in the catalogue.(目录)
Don’t look up each new word you meet in the dictionary while reading an article.
2)向上看，仰视
19. care about 关心，关怀，关注，在意
e.g. He cares a lot about his marks at school.
区别 care about, care for
care for 非常喜欢/照顾，照料
e.g. He cares for her, no matter what she does.
Nurses care for the patients in the hospital.
20. at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度
e.g. ‘At one time, I lived in poverty,’ the billionaire told his audience.
写出下列短语的含义
at all times 总是，随时
at the same time 同时
at a time 每次，一次
at any time 在任何时候
at times 有时，间或
at the time of… 在…的时期
21. represent
1)vt. 代表(某人/某组织) （=to officially speak or take action for another person or group of people）
e.g. Mr Kobayashi was chosen to represent the company at the conference.
2)(法庭上)代表(某人, 尤指为自己辩护) (=to speak officially for someone in a court of law)
represent yourself
e.g.She decided to represent herself (=speak for herself without a lawyer) during the trial.(审判)
派生词
n. representation 代表，维护，表现形式，描绘
representative 代表人
22. simplify (simplified)
vt. 简化(=to make something easier or less complicated)
simply sth.
e.g. The writer tried to simply his story for children to read.
The law needs to be simplified.
a simplified version of the game
23. originally adv. 最初，原先，起先
originally adv.—original adj. – origin n.
e.g. Originally this house was rather old, but we’ve redecorated it.
填空
1)Who was the original owner of this house
2)What is the origin of man
24. reflect vt.
1)反映，映出（影象）/反射（声音，光，热等）
e.g. The mirror reflects your image when you look into it.
be reflected in sth.
e.g. She could see her face reflected in the car's windshield.（挡风玻璃）
2)显示，表达，表明(事物的自然属性，或人们的态度，情感等)
e.g. The figure reflects a change in people’s traveling habits.
reflect who/what/how etc
e.g. How much you're paid reflects how important you are to the company you work for.
25. indicate vi/vt.
1)vt. 显示，象征(=to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true)
indicate sth.
indicate +(that)从句
e.g. Research indicates that over 81% of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary.
The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime.
2)vt. [transitive] to say or do something to make your wishes, intentions etc clear:
The Russians have already indicated their willingness to cooperate.
Professor Johnson has indicated his intention to retire at the end of next year.
indicate (that)
Ralph patted the sofa to indicate that she should join him.
Please indicate your preference on the booking form.
26. differ from 与…不同(=be different from)
同义句：Eric’s view are considerably different from those of his parents.
Eric’s view differ considerably from those of his parents.
28. in that 因为，原因是
连词词组，常用与书面语中，相当于because
e.g. This research is unique in that/because it is carried out in outer space.
29. as a whole 作为整体，总体上 (=as on thing and not as separate parts)
e.g. The project will be beneficial to our city and to our country as a whole.
30. turn into 变成
e.g. The caterpillar finally turned into a butterfly.
turn sb./sth. into 把…变成
e.g. Heat turns ice into steam.
31. combine … together 把…结合起来
combine A with B 把A与B 结合起来
e.g. None of us has much money, so let’s combine what we’ve got together.
If we can combine theory with practice, it will be better.
32. over time 随着时间的流逝或推移
e.g. The lake in my hometown shallowed over time.
写出中文意思--类似表达时间的词组：
over centuries 几个世纪以来
over the years 这些年来
over the months 几个月来
over a period of time 一段时间以来
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