情态动词
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课件56张PPT。12008年高考英语专项指导
情态动词考点浅析
2情态动词的运用是高考英语单项选择几乎每年必考的要点。根据近几年对全国和各省市的部分高考题和质检题分析，主要归纳为以下几个考查热点：
1.情态动词 + have done 结构；
2.情态动词表示推测和特定的语气;
3.情态动词基本用法.3 He ________a teacher.
He _______________in the classroom.
He ________________ her homework.
may be may have finished may be reading4情态动词+have done表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某
种语气.
1. must have done (过去)肯定/一定…
(用于肯定句中)
I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep.52. can’t/couldn’t have done
(过去)不可能…
＊— There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.
—It couldn’t have been a comfortable
journey.
63. may/might have done(过去) 或许/可能做 (用于肯定或否定句中)
● He may not have finished the exercises, I’m afraid.
4. could have done (过去) 本能够做(用于肯定或否定句中,带有责备、劝告之意)
You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.75. needn’t have done (过去)本来不必做…
●When we got to the cinema, the film hadn’t started, so we needn’t have worried.
●—Mary didn’t turn up last night, did she?
—No, she didn’t need to come. We had changed our plan.
(没有必要做而实际上也没做).86.should /ought to have done (过去)本应该做(而实际上未做),用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了(带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。
She shouldn’t have taken away my tape, for I wanted to use it.
9(06陕西）
As you worked late yesterday, you ___ have come this morning.
B. may not
C. can’t D. mustn’t A. needn’t10◆(04全国) Mr. White_____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.
B. should arrive
C. should had arrived D. should be arriving
◆(04福建)
—I’ll tell Marry about her new job tomorrow.
—You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. could have told
C. must tell A. should have arrived D. should have told11 (05福建)
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ____ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn’t do
C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have doneB. needn’t have done12(NMET 05)
He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
C. wouldn’t D. can’tB. must13(00 上海)
My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture.
B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended
D. shouldn’t have attendedA. couldn’t have attended14几个情态动词的特定语气shall
1. 在疑问句中,用于第1、3人称,表示征求对方意见. 例如:
The room is so dirty. Shall we clean it ?
Who do you think can do the job?
Shall my students have a try?
2. 在肯定句中,用于第2、3人称,表示警 告、允诺、命令或威胁. 例如:15You shall answer for it if you go on
behaving like that.
If you work well, you shall have a rise.
He shall be punished
Nobody shall throw away rubbish everywhere.
163.用在法律、条约、规定时。
＊ (02上海) It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
＊(04重庆)“The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides” declared the judge.
＊The sign says all payments shall be made in cash.17Should(想必；按理说）
1.据经验或事实来表达合理的推断。
1)Mary took dancing classes for years; she should be an excellent dancer.
2)It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment.
3)It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There should not be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay.182. 表惊讶、惋惜、不满等情绪,常译为“竟然”.
＊ (01上海) You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude.
＊I’m surprised that you should have done such a thing.
＊Never did he expect that the conditions should be so terrible. 193. should + 动词原形表虚拟, 可省略.
＊ 在表建议、要求、命令、主张等动词的宾语从句中 。常见的动词有: insist, order, command; suggest, advice, propose; demand, request, require,
ask --- 例如:
Mike insisted that she didn’t steal anything and (should) not be scolded.20＊ 用于 It is suggested/proposed/ desired
strange/necessary/important/essential
natural/a pity等的主语从句中.
＊ 用于表示建议、命令、主张、愿望、目的等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中。如advice, suggestion, proposal, order, request, requirement, wish, desire, idea, aim等。例如；
21My wish is that I __________ abroad.
但注意区别：
I wish that I ________(go) abroad.
2.My advice is that he ________(go) there at once.
could go (should) go (should) go22＊ If 从句中表对将来的虚拟，不能省略。
If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldn’t
go climbing. = Should it rain ……
＊ Should someone get into trouble,
Please dial 110.
23must
偏要，非要。
（2005全国 Ⅱ、Ⅲ）
John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?
(2004天津）
—Who is the girl standing over there?
—Well, if you must know, her name is Marry.24必须
(04 上海)
Children under 12 years of age in that country must be under adult supervision when in a public library.25can/could(可能)
用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表推测、惊讶、怀疑、不相信的语气：
1）— Who can it be?
— It can’t be him. He has gone to Xi’an.
2）How can you be so careless?
What can he possibly mean?26在肯定句中使用表示(往往是)
1)有时候的可能性:
● The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be slow.(05浙江).
●He can be friendly at times.
272) 理论上的可能性,并不涉及具体某事是否真会发生,主要是说明人和事物的特征:
1.Even expert drivers can make mistakes.
2.(2003) A left-luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
3. Training by yourself in a gym can be highly dangerous.
4. Bird Flu can be dangerous.28但是在表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时不可用can, 用may/might/could.
1)A snowstorm _____ be exciting, but too much snow ______ cause trouble
2) This storm _____________ last several days.
. can can may/might/could29could 表可能性,语气较弱; 表请求,较委婉。
—Could you lend me some money?
—Yes , I ______. (98 上海)
“ Could I call you by your first name?”
“ Yes, you _____.
A. will B. could
D. might
C. maycan30Multiple choices:
— I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You _____. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should31(06浙江）
—Can I have a word with you, mum?
—Oh, dear, if you _______.
A. can C. may D. should
(06山东）
—May I smoke here?
—If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may B. mustD. must32(04全国卷II)
You ____ be tired — you’ve only been working for an hour.
A. must not B. won’t
D. may not
(06全国卷I)
There is no light on — They ____ at home.
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’tC. can’tA. can’t33(06福建）
If it weren’t for the fact that she ____ sing, I
would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t
D. might not
(06四川）
—Is Jack on duty today?
—It ____ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. won’t D. needn’tC. can’tC. can’t34(06福建）
The workers will go on strike if the demands they _____ put forward are turned down.
A. could B would
D. had
C. 不填35
Making choices ____ be difficult, especially when there is no one to turn to for advice.
A. might B. should
D. must C. can36was able to 和 could 的区别:
＊The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but every one was able to get out.
（强调经过一番努力后成功做到某事.
＊He didn’t agree with me at first, but
I ___________ persuade him.
＊She _________ (sing) when she was young. (一般能力) was able to could sing37 can的惯用语
1.can’t (help/choose) but + v (不得不,忍不住）
I can’t help but admire your bravery.
2. can’t help doing.区别 /can’t help (to) do.
3. can’t help it.
“ Why are you crying?” “ I just can’t help it.
4. can’t/ couldn’t 与too, enough连用.
You can’t be too careful.
I can’t thank you enough.38will/would
意志、愿望和决心。
If you____wait over for a long time, Mr. Smith, I will tell our manager you’ve arrived.
A) will B) /
习惯、倾向，多用于第三人称。
He _____ sit there hour after hour doing nothing every day.
He _____sit there hour after hour doing nothing in the past.
will would39坚决拒绝。
I won’t listen to your nonsense.
None was so deaf as those who won’t hear
表临时的决定
“ You forgot to post my letter.”
“ Sorry, I _______post it .
A) am going to B) am about to
C) will D) am to40
used to do /would do (过去常常-)
1) She isn’t what she used to be.
( 表对比)
2) We would sit in the yard every Sunday and listen to his story.( 表过去习惯性动作)41may/might
表不确定的可能性.
1)(NMET00) “ Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
“I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead.
2)Peter may come with us, but he isn’t very sure yet.
用于祈使句,表示祝愿.
May you return safe and sound.
May you be happy!42may/might as well do ……(不妨--)
Now that you’ve got so far with the work, you might finish it as well.
may/might as well do A as do B.
You might as well throw the money
away as lend it to him.
43dare and need44 How dare you/he do…?
How dare you say I’m unfair?
I dare say = I think / believe
I dare say things will improve.
dare somebody to do…(persuade)
They dared Jenny to climb the tree.
451) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study
B) should have studied
C) must have studied
D) must have to study
C462) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6)
A) can't have been
B) couldn’t be cleaned
C) mustn't have been
D) wouldn't have been
A473) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed
B) can sail
C) might have sailed
D) should have sailed
C484) You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
A) needn't go
B) had better not go
C) should not go
D) needn't have gone
D49 5) We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
A) must receive
B) ought to receive
C) must have received
D) ought to have received
D506) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be
B) used to be
C) was used to
D) use to
B517) Two eyes ____see more than one.
A) can
B) may
C) will
D) should
A528) We ought to help each other in our work, ____?
A) oughtn't we
B) should we
C) shouldn't we
D) ought to we
A539) As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
A) needn't
B) may not
C) mustn't
D) can't
C54 10) ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.
A) Would
B) Will
C) May
D) Should
C5511) What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
A) will you suppose
B) you suppose
C) do you suppose
D) you would suppose
C5612)“Where ____ my umbrella?”
“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
A) is, must have taken
B) is, must take
C) have been, must take
D) is, takes
A
情态动词考点浅析
2情态动词的运用是高考英语单项选择几乎每年必考的要点。根据近几年对全国和各省市的部分高考题和质检题分析，主要归纳为以下几个考查热点：
1.情态动词 + have done 结构；
2.情态动词表示推测和特定的语气;
3.情态动词基本用法.3 He ________a teacher.
He _______________in the classroom.
He ________________ her homework.
may be may have finished may be reading4情态动词+have done表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某
种语气.
1. must have done (过去)肯定/一定…
(用于肯定句中)
I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep.52. can’t/couldn’t have done
(过去)不可能…
＊— There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.
—It couldn’t have been a comfortable
journey.
63. may/might have done(过去) 或许/可能做 (用于肯定或否定句中)
● He may not have finished the exercises, I’m afraid.
4. could have done (过去) 本能够做(用于肯定或否定句中,带有责备、劝告之意)
You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.75. needn’t have done (过去)本来不必做…
●When we got to the cinema, the film hadn’t started, so we needn’t have worried.
●—Mary didn’t turn up last night, did she?
—No, she didn’t need to come. We had changed our plan.
(没有必要做而实际上也没做).86.should /ought to have done (过去)本应该做(而实际上未做),用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了(带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。
She shouldn’t have taken away my tape, for I wanted to use it.
9(06陕西）
As you worked late yesterday, you ___ have come this morning.
B. may not
C. can’t D. mustn’t A. needn’t10◆(04全国) Mr. White_____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.
B. should arrive
C. should had arrived D. should be arriving
◆(04福建)
—I’ll tell Marry about her new job tomorrow.
—You ____ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. could have told
C. must tell A. should have arrived D. should have told11 (05福建)
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ____ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn’t do
C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have doneB. needn’t have done12(NMET 05)
He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
C. wouldn’t D. can’tB. must13(00 上海)
My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture.
B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended
D. shouldn’t have attendedA. couldn’t have attended14几个情态动词的特定语气shall
1. 在疑问句中,用于第1、3人称,表示征求对方意见. 例如:
The room is so dirty. Shall we clean it ?
Who do you think can do the job?
Shall my students have a try?
2. 在肯定句中,用于第2、3人称,表示警 告、允诺、命令或威胁. 例如:15You shall answer for it if you go on
behaving like that.
If you work well, you shall have a rise.
He shall be punished
Nobody shall throw away rubbish everywhere.
163.用在法律、条约、规定时。
＊ (02上海) It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
＊(04重庆)“The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides” declared the judge.
＊The sign says all payments shall be made in cash.17Should(想必；按理说）
1.据经验或事实来表达合理的推断。
1)Mary took dancing classes for years; she should be an excellent dancer.
2)It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment.
3)It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There should not be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay.182. 表惊讶、惋惜、不满等情绪,常译为“竟然”.
＊ (01上海) You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude.
＊I’m surprised that you should have done such a thing.
＊Never did he expect that the conditions should be so terrible. 193. should + 动词原形表虚拟, 可省略.
＊ 在表建议、要求、命令、主张等动词的宾语从句中 。常见的动词有: insist, order, command; suggest, advice, propose; demand, request, require,
ask --- 例如:
Mike insisted that she didn’t steal anything and (should) not be scolded.20＊ 用于 It is suggested/proposed/ desired
strange/necessary/important/essential
natural/a pity等的主语从句中.
＊ 用于表示建议、命令、主张、愿望、目的等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中。如advice, suggestion, proposal, order, request, requirement, wish, desire, idea, aim等。例如；
21My wish is that I __________ abroad.
但注意区别：
I wish that I ________(go) abroad.
2.My advice is that he ________(go) there at once.
could go (should) go (should) go22＊ If 从句中表对将来的虚拟，不能省略。
If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldn’t
go climbing. = Should it rain ……
＊ Should someone get into trouble,
Please dial 110.
23must
偏要，非要。
（2005全国 Ⅱ、Ⅲ）
John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?
(2004天津）
—Who is the girl standing over there?
—Well, if you must know, her name is Marry.24必须
(04 上海)
Children under 12 years of age in that country must be under adult supervision when in a public library.25can/could(可能)
用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表推测、惊讶、怀疑、不相信的语气：
1）— Who can it be?
— It can’t be him. He has gone to Xi’an.
2）How can you be so careless?
What can he possibly mean?26在肯定句中使用表示(往往是)
1)有时候的可能性:
● The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be slow.(05浙江).
●He can be friendly at times.
272) 理论上的可能性,并不涉及具体某事是否真会发生,主要是说明人和事物的特征:
1.Even expert drivers can make mistakes.
2.(2003) A left-luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
3. Training by yourself in a gym can be highly dangerous.
4. Bird Flu can be dangerous.28但是在表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时不可用can, 用may/might/could.
1)A snowstorm _____ be exciting, but too much snow ______ cause trouble
2) This storm _____________ last several days.
. can can may/might/could29could 表可能性,语气较弱; 表请求,较委婉。
—Could you lend me some money?
—Yes , I ______. (98 上海)
“ Could I call you by your first name?”
“ Yes, you _____.
A. will B. could
D. might
C. maycan30Multiple choices:
— I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You _____. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should31(06浙江）
—Can I have a word with you, mum?
—Oh, dear, if you _______.
A. can C. may D. should
(06山东）
—May I smoke here?
—If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may B. mustD. must32(04全国卷II)
You ____ be tired — you’ve only been working for an hour.
A. must not B. won’t
D. may not
(06全国卷I)
There is no light on — They ____ at home.
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’tC. can’tA. can’t33(06福建）
If it weren’t for the fact that she ____ sing, I
would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t
D. might not
(06四川）
—Is Jack on duty today?
—It ____ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. won’t D. needn’tC. can’tC. can’t34(06福建）
The workers will go on strike if the demands they _____ put forward are turned down.
A. could B would
D. had
C. 不填35
Making choices ____ be difficult, especially when there is no one to turn to for advice.
A. might B. should
D. must C. can36was able to 和 could 的区别:
＊The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but every one was able to get out.
（强调经过一番努力后成功做到某事.
＊He didn’t agree with me at first, but
I ___________ persuade him.
＊She _________ (sing) when she was young. (一般能力) was able to could sing37 can的惯用语
1.can’t (help/choose) but + v (不得不,忍不住）
I can’t help but admire your bravery.
2. can’t help doing.区别 /can’t help (to) do.
3. can’t help it.
“ Why are you crying?” “ I just can’t help it.
4. can’t/ couldn’t 与too, enough连用.
You can’t be too careful.
I can’t thank you enough.38will/would
意志、愿望和决心。
If you____wait over for a long time, Mr. Smith, I will tell our manager you’ve arrived.
A) will B) /
习惯、倾向，多用于第三人称。
He _____ sit there hour after hour doing nothing every day.
He _____sit there hour after hour doing nothing in the past.
will would39坚决拒绝。
I won’t listen to your nonsense.
None was so deaf as those who won’t hear
表临时的决定
“ You forgot to post my letter.”
“ Sorry, I _______post it .
A) am going to B) am about to
C) will D) am to40
used to do /would do (过去常常-)
1) She isn’t what she used to be.
( 表对比)
2) We would sit in the yard every Sunday and listen to his story.( 表过去习惯性动作)41may/might
表不确定的可能性.
1)(NMET00) “ Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
“I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead.
2)Peter may come with us, but he isn’t very sure yet.
用于祈使句,表示祝愿.
May you return safe and sound.
May you be happy!42may/might as well do ……(不妨--)
Now that you’ve got so far with the work, you might finish it as well.
may/might as well do A as do B.
You might as well throw the money
away as lend it to him.
43dare and need44 How dare you/he do…?
How dare you say I’m unfair?
I dare say = I think / believe
I dare say things will improve.
dare somebody to do…(persuade)
They dared Jenny to climb the tree.
451) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.
A) should study
B) should have studied
C) must have studied
D) must have to study
C462) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6)
A) can't have been
B) couldn’t be cleaned
C) mustn't have been
D) wouldn't have been
A473) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.
A) must have sailed
B) can sail
C) might have sailed
D) should have sailed
C484) You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.
A) needn't go
B) had better not go
C) should not go
D) needn't have gone
D49 5) We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.
A) must receive
B) ought to receive
C) must have received
D) ought to have received
D506) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.
A) was used to be
B) used to be
C) was used to
D) use to
B517) Two eyes ____see more than one.
A) can
B) may
C) will
D) should
A528) We ought to help each other in our work, ____?
A) oughtn't we
B) should we
C) shouldn't we
D) ought to we
A539) As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.
A) needn't
B) may not
C) mustn't
D) can't
C54 10) ____ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.
A) Would
B) Will
C) May
D) Should
C5511) What ____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
A) will you suppose
B) you suppose
C) do you suppose
D) you would suppose
C5612)“Where ____ my umbrella?”
“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”
A) is, must have taken
B) is, must take
C) have been, must take
D) is, takes
A