高考新题型-阅读填空解题方法的探究
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文档简介
阅读填空解题方法的探究（教案）
Teaching Aims:
1. improve the students’ abilities of reading
2. Teaching the students to express information in English
Teaching Important Points;
1. How to use language
2. How to read and get the right information
3. How to express in English
Teaching methods;
1. Skimming
2. Scanning
3. Reading carefully
Teaching Aids:
1. The multimedia
Teaching Procedures:
Step1:Greeting
Step2:
1.提问引出课题。（短文改错与阅读填空同学们喜欢做哪一种题型？）那么平时做这种题型究竟有什么方法呢？（请两位同学来谈谈自己的方法）
2.口述一下要求及方法
Step3.
下面我们来看湖南考试院2005年给出的范文。
Holidays Celebrated in America
American holidays usually celebrate a patriotic ( 爱国的 ), political, or religious event of the past. Among the patriotic holidays are Labor Day, Veterans' Day, Columbus Day, and Thanksgiving Day. Political holidays include Washington's Birthday, Lincoln 's Birthday, and Independence Day. Many Americans think of two religious holidays — Easter and Christmas — as the most important celebrations of the year.
A study of patriotic holidays in the United States suggests some American values. Labor Day, celebrated on the first Monday of September, honors the hard-working people of the country. Veterans' Day is celebrated on November 11 in memory of all men who have ever fought in defense of the country. On the second Monday of October, Americans recall Christopher Columbus. The Thanksgiving holiday recalls America 's earliest history. It is celebrated on the last Thursday of November for the first big harvest the colonists received on the new land.
Another type of American holiday, the political celebration, honors important figures or events in American history. Two highly respected presidents, George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, are honored by a single holiday. Their birthdays are celebrated on Presidents' Day, the third Monday of February. Independence Day, popularly called the Fourth of July, recalls the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776 .
Unlike America 's political holidays, two popular religious holidays are marked by busy preparations and long celebration. Most schools and colleges are closed for a week's vacation in the spring at Easter, the holiday honoring the resurrection ( 复活 )of Christ. Of all American holidays, Easter is the only one that is not held at a fixed time every year; it takes place sometime between March 22 and April 25. Christmas is a religious holiday which celebrates the birth of Christ; it occurs on December 25. Most schools close for the last two weeks of December.
Holidays Celebrated in America
76.____________ Names of holidays Figures or events honored 84. ____________
patriotic Labor Day 81. ____________ first Monday of September
78. ____________ Christopher Columbus second Monday of October
Thanksgiving Day 82. ____________ last Thursday of November
79. ____________ men who have served in the American army November 11
77. ___________ Washington's Birthday George Washington third Monday of February
Lincoln 's Birthday Abraham Lincoln
Independence Day signing of the Declaration of Independence 85. ____________
religious 80. ____________ resurrection of Christ sometime between March 22 and April 25
Christmas 83. _________________ December 25
通过范文讲解题目的特点：阅读填空不仅考查我们的阅读理解能力而且考查我们的语言表达能力一般来说有5—6空的答案可以直接从短文中直接获取，1—3空可以间接获取答案，1—2空可以在已有的信息上归纳概括，从而获得答案。
通过图表形式讲解解题的思路
文章 表格
抓住文章的框 分析表格结构和内容
架及每段大意 准确定位填空的要求 (以时间 地点 因果对比性设题)
理解文章内容 直接信息题 组织信息题 综合信息题
正确获取信息
查读 转换信息正确表述 归纳概括
通过图表引出直接获取信息题、通过图表引出三种题型：直接信息题、组织信息题、综合信息题以及相应的解题方法。
Step4:
下面我们通过两篇阅读填空题来学习三种解题方法：
1. Read passage A, then fill in the blanks .(8 minutes)
(A)
The Sound of Music
The film I have enjoyed most is The Sound of Music. It is a very old film which won five Oscar rewards. But for me, there has been no other film to match its excellence.
Everything about the film is enjoyable. Woven around a simple theme, this film tells a story about seven naughty children, their governess, Maria, and their strict father, the Captain, who knows nothing about bringing up children. The heroine, Maria, brings music and joy back to the family. The children take to her and they become great friends for she is young enough to enjoy their fun and mature enough to guide their behavior.
There is a bit of everything for everybody in it, too. Children will take to the seven naughty children and the fun that they have. Young girls will like the heroine, whom they can identify themselves with. People will also like the romantic love, the beautiful feeling that grows between the captain and Maria. Boys, for whom guns hold a great interest, like the mystery and the war the family escapes from.
The Sound of Music is the type of film which more producers should try to follow. The music, especially the songs, remains in everybody’s memory. It is light, tuneful and memorable, and it appeals to both the young and the old. The photography and the color are very much in keeping with the story and the effect is wonderful.
The acting is superb, as every feeling is brought out fully.
The Sound of Music
1. Maria 4. Father
2.__________ 3. naughty and lovable strict
theme very simple
appealing to different people children girls boys people
like the seven children and 5. like the heroine and identify themselves with her are interested in6. , the mystery and the war like 7. between Maria and Captain
skills used in 8. music light, 9,
photograph and color very attractive
scenes and background in keeping with the story
effect wonderful
acting superb
The whole film 10.____________
2. what’s the main idea of the passage (Ask a student)
3. How to analyse the form
4. Explain.
1. 表格看似很复杂，但大致是横向，可见每栏第一空为概括性的词，由右栏的Father: strict 可以看出上栏是人物，下栏是人物的个性，那么第4空可以直接获取信息答案为：Children.
2. 第三空要学生找相关信息
3. 第1、2空为每栏的标题，故第1空为：Characters 第2空为：Characteristics
4. 第5、6、7空在第三段获取信息，第7空直接获取信息:romantic love
由the fun that they have 转化为 their fun.
由Boys, for whom guns hold a……得出：boys are interested in guns
⑤第8、9空从倒数第三段获取信息，第9空直接查找，答案为tuneful and memorable.那么第8空根据右边的5栏信息，5栏信息都是关于技术在电影制作中的应用，所以正确表述为：(making) the film(注意词性的应用)
⑥第10空依据信息：The film I have enjoyed most is…和 Everything about the film is enjoyable可以填 enjoyable. 根据 there has been no other film to match its excellence可以填：excellent。
方法一、直接信息题---查读法
1.带着问题有意识地在细节处和关键处做标记
2.根据最醒目的字眼（time age number place…）
3.依据信息词
Who what when where why
First then after that next finally （时间先后）
Because thus lead to is caused by as a result of （因果）
Likeness alike common just as either…or （比较 ）
But while instead different from on the contrary（对比）
方法二、组织信息、正确表述信息的方法（限定3个单词以内）
（1） 用名词所有格 “ s’ ”代替 of
湖南卷79空； citizen’s longer living 由the longer living of citizens转换而来
（2）词性转换
He is from China 得出Chinese (nationality)
（3）句子结构转换
One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit . the other likely development will be a change in the proportion of the nation’s workforce
转换成“Family unit change” “workforce proportion change（抓关键词）
Step.5
Read passage B, then fill in the blanks (8 minutes)
(B)
More than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.
The wooden bridges across the river had been swept away. The town is cut off by floodwaters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is now two meters deep. It is closed to all traffic.
Flooding first appeared at mid-afternoon yesterday along the riverbanks. People struggling to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims ( 受害者 ) had to leave all their things behind.
The National Flood Relief ( 救济 ) Center was reported to and by early morning the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers.
The flood victims are housed in various simple relief centers in the nearby town of Ternang.
“Everything possible is being done to help the unfortunate people,” a government spokesman said, “In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people.”
According to the latest report it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be totally covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.
Title 1.
Time 2.
3. Continuous heavy rain
4. The wooden bridge 5.
The town cut off
10,000 people 6.
Helpers Army, police, volunteers and 7.
8._____________ The whole town was 9.
10. are housed in simple relief centers.
1. what’s the main idea of the passage and each paragraph
2. analyse the form.
3. Explain.
1． 表格要求填写标题，由此要抓住大意。第一空为Big Flood
2． 表格为横向结构，左栏为概括词，第2空时间可有直接找，答案为：Mid—afternoon yesterday
3． 第3空，右栏的信息应该是引起的原因，故要填：cause
4． 第5、6空可有直接找到答案：swept away 和made homeless
5． 第4空要归纳右边三栏的信息，这些都是结果，而且是不良的后果。所以填Consequences最佳
6． 第7空直接获取信息：Red Cross Society
7． 第9、10空直接获取信息：moved out 和 The flood victims,再根据补全的信息来归纳第8空，这两项都是解决方法和措施，故应填measures.
方法三、归纳概括信息
概括性（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息
概括性词的要求 针对性（不能太大也不能太小，量体裁衣，大小适度）
醒目性（注意措辞）
概括性的词的归纳：
reason cause
result effects consequences
advice suggestions opinions
measures solutions ways
features characteristics
advantages disadvantages
difference similarities
topic types forms
names age sex time cost event purpose
Step 6.
1. 回顾消化所学方法，思考总结解题方法（2分钟后抽同学讲自己对方法的理解）
2. 总结(show the ways on the screen)
解题技巧及步骤:
略读---快速浏览 抓住中心大意及每段的大意
查读---带着问题找读（ 有针对性、节约时间 ）
认真分析表格
借助已有信息 细读---分析整合信息、准确表达
（忠于原文）
概括归纳信息
复查
Step 7. Homework一、打印技巧
1.本资料页面设置为：
页边距：上边距2厘米、下边距1.5厘米、左右边距2.42厘米。
纸 张：16开、
分 栏：一栏
2.如果你是家庭用户，用A4打印机打印。请选用16开纸，直接打印就可以
3.如果你是教师用A3打印机打印制作学生试卷。请将页面设置为：
页边距：上边距2厘米、下边距1.5厘米、左右边距2.42厘米、横向。
纸 张：8开
分 栏：两栏、宽度40字符。
二、欢迎来我的首页，在这里您可以很方便地查询到我上传的所有作品，欢迎交换意见。
1.我的首页：http://www.21cnjy.com/user/72weihong/
2.精品资料：http://www.21cnjy.com/user/home_list.asp username=72weihong&flag=J&softType=0
3.普通资料：http://www.21cnjy.com/user/72weihong/home_list.asp
温馨提示：请你将上述网址复制到地址栏敲回车，就可以访问到我的主页、精品资料、普通资料。
Teaching Aims:
1. improve the students’ abilities of reading
2. Teaching the students to express information in English
Teaching Important Points;
1. How to use language
2. How to read and get the right information
3. How to express in English
Teaching methods;
1. Skimming
2. Scanning
3. Reading carefully
Teaching Aids:
1. The multimedia
Teaching Procedures:
Step1:Greeting
Step2:
1.提问引出课题。（短文改错与阅读填空同学们喜欢做哪一种题型？）那么平时做这种题型究竟有什么方法呢？（请两位同学来谈谈自己的方法）
2.口述一下要求及方法
Step3.
下面我们来看湖南考试院2005年给出的范文。
Holidays Celebrated in America
American holidays usually celebrate a patriotic ( 爱国的 ), political, or religious event of the past. Among the patriotic holidays are Labor Day, Veterans' Day, Columbus Day, and Thanksgiving Day. Political holidays include Washington's Birthday, Lincoln 's Birthday, and Independence Day. Many Americans think of two religious holidays — Easter and Christmas — as the most important celebrations of the year.
A study of patriotic holidays in the United States suggests some American values. Labor Day, celebrated on the first Monday of September, honors the hard-working people of the country. Veterans' Day is celebrated on November 11 in memory of all men who have ever fought in defense of the country. On the second Monday of October, Americans recall Christopher Columbus. The Thanksgiving holiday recalls America 's earliest history. It is celebrated on the last Thursday of November for the first big harvest the colonists received on the new land.
Another type of American holiday, the political celebration, honors important figures or events in American history. Two highly respected presidents, George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, are honored by a single holiday. Their birthdays are celebrated on Presidents' Day, the third Monday of February. Independence Day, popularly called the Fourth of July, recalls the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776 .
Unlike America 's political holidays, two popular religious holidays are marked by busy preparations and long celebration. Most schools and colleges are closed for a week's vacation in the spring at Easter, the holiday honoring the resurrection ( 复活 )of Christ. Of all American holidays, Easter is the only one that is not held at a fixed time every year; it takes place sometime between March 22 and April 25. Christmas is a religious holiday which celebrates the birth of Christ; it occurs on December 25. Most schools close for the last two weeks of December.
Holidays Celebrated in America
76.____________ Names of holidays Figures or events honored 84. ____________
patriotic Labor Day 81. ____________ first Monday of September
78. ____________ Christopher Columbus second Monday of October
Thanksgiving Day 82. ____________ last Thursday of November
79. ____________ men who have served in the American army November 11
77. ___________ Washington's Birthday George Washington third Monday of February
Lincoln 's Birthday Abraham Lincoln
Independence Day signing of the Declaration of Independence 85. ____________
religious 80. ____________ resurrection of Christ sometime between March 22 and April 25
Christmas 83. _________________ December 25
通过范文讲解题目的特点：阅读填空不仅考查我们的阅读理解能力而且考查我们的语言表达能力一般来说有5—6空的答案可以直接从短文中直接获取，1—3空可以间接获取答案，1—2空可以在已有的信息上归纳概括，从而获得答案。
通过图表形式讲解解题的思路
文章 表格
抓住文章的框 分析表格结构和内容
架及每段大意 准确定位填空的要求 (以时间 地点 因果对比性设题)
理解文章内容 直接信息题 组织信息题 综合信息题
正确获取信息
查读 转换信息正确表述 归纳概括
通过图表引出直接获取信息题、通过图表引出三种题型：直接信息题、组织信息题、综合信息题以及相应的解题方法。
Step4:
下面我们通过两篇阅读填空题来学习三种解题方法：
1. Read passage A, then fill in the blanks .(8 minutes)
(A)
The Sound of Music
The film I have enjoyed most is The Sound of Music. It is a very old film which won five Oscar rewards. But for me, there has been no other film to match its excellence.
Everything about the film is enjoyable. Woven around a simple theme, this film tells a story about seven naughty children, their governess, Maria, and their strict father, the Captain, who knows nothing about bringing up children. The heroine, Maria, brings music and joy back to the family. The children take to her and they become great friends for she is young enough to enjoy their fun and mature enough to guide their behavior.
There is a bit of everything for everybody in it, too. Children will take to the seven naughty children and the fun that they have. Young girls will like the heroine, whom they can identify themselves with. People will also like the romantic love, the beautiful feeling that grows between the captain and Maria. Boys, for whom guns hold a great interest, like the mystery and the war the family escapes from.
The Sound of Music is the type of film which more producers should try to follow. The music, especially the songs, remains in everybody’s memory. It is light, tuneful and memorable, and it appeals to both the young and the old. The photography and the color are very much in keeping with the story and the effect is wonderful.
The acting is superb, as every feeling is brought out fully.
The Sound of Music
1. Maria 4. Father
2.__________ 3. naughty and lovable strict
theme very simple
appealing to different people children girls boys people
like the seven children and 5. like the heroine and identify themselves with her are interested in6. , the mystery and the war like 7. between Maria and Captain
skills used in 8. music light, 9,
photograph and color very attractive
scenes and background in keeping with the story
effect wonderful
acting superb
The whole film 10.____________
2. what’s the main idea of the passage (Ask a student)
3. How to analyse the form
4. Explain.
1. 表格看似很复杂，但大致是横向，可见每栏第一空为概括性的词，由右栏的Father: strict 可以看出上栏是人物，下栏是人物的个性，那么第4空可以直接获取信息答案为：Children.
2. 第三空要学生找相关信息
3. 第1、2空为每栏的标题，故第1空为：Characters 第2空为：Characteristics
4. 第5、6、7空在第三段获取信息，第7空直接获取信息:romantic love
由the fun that they have 转化为 their fun.
由Boys, for whom guns hold a……得出：boys are interested in guns
⑤第8、9空从倒数第三段获取信息，第9空直接查找，答案为tuneful and memorable.那么第8空根据右边的5栏信息，5栏信息都是关于技术在电影制作中的应用，所以正确表述为：(making) the film(注意词性的应用)
⑥第10空依据信息：The film I have enjoyed most is…和 Everything about the film is enjoyable可以填 enjoyable. 根据 there has been no other film to match its excellence可以填：excellent。
方法一、直接信息题---查读法
1.带着问题有意识地在细节处和关键处做标记
2.根据最醒目的字眼（time age number place…）
3.依据信息词
Who what when where why
First then after that next finally （时间先后）
Because thus lead to is caused by as a result of （因果）
Likeness alike common just as either…or （比较 ）
But while instead different from on the contrary（对比）
方法二、组织信息、正确表述信息的方法（限定3个单词以内）
（1） 用名词所有格 “ s’ ”代替 of
湖南卷79空； citizen’s longer living 由the longer living of citizens转换而来
（2）词性转换
He is from China 得出Chinese (nationality)
（3）句子结构转换
One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit . the other likely development will be a change in the proportion of the nation’s workforce
转换成“Family unit change” “workforce proportion change（抓关键词）
Step.5
Read passage B, then fill in the blanks (8 minutes)
(B)
More than 10,000 people were made homeless in Ternang when the Sungai Mas overflowed its banks yesterday after six days of continuous heavy rain.
The wooden bridges across the river had been swept away. The town is cut off by floodwaters. At the fifth mile, Jalan Tengkn, the water is now two meters deep. It is closed to all traffic.
Flooding first appeared at mid-afternoon yesterday along the riverbanks. People struggling to higher ground were just in time to escape the destroying of the flood. Most of the flood victims ( 受害者 ) had to leave all their things behind.
The National Flood Relief ( 救济 ) Center was reported to and by early morning the whole town was moved out, helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society and volunteers.
The flood victims are housed in various simple relief centers in the nearby town of Ternang.
“Everything possible is being done to help the unfortunate people,” a government spokesman said, “In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from public organizations and helpful people.”
According to the latest report it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be totally covered by the water. So far no deaths have been reported.
Title 1.
Time 2.
3. Continuous heavy rain
4. The wooden bridge 5.
The town cut off
10,000 people 6.
Helpers Army, police, volunteers and 7.
8._____________ The whole town was 9.
10. are housed in simple relief centers.
1. what’s the main idea of the passage and each paragraph
2. analyse the form.
3. Explain.
1． 表格要求填写标题，由此要抓住大意。第一空为Big Flood
2． 表格为横向结构，左栏为概括词，第2空时间可有直接找，答案为：Mid—afternoon yesterday
3． 第3空，右栏的信息应该是引起的原因，故要填：cause
4． 第5、6空可有直接找到答案：swept away 和made homeless
5． 第4空要归纳右边三栏的信息，这些都是结果，而且是不良的后果。所以填Consequences最佳
6． 第7空直接获取信息：Red Cross Society
7． 第9、10空直接获取信息：moved out 和 The flood victims,再根据补全的信息来归纳第8空，这两项都是解决方法和措施，故应填measures.
方法三、归纳概括信息
概括性（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息
概括性词的要求 针对性（不能太大也不能太小，量体裁衣，大小适度）
醒目性（注意措辞）
概括性的词的归纳：
reason cause
result effects consequences
advice suggestions opinions
measures solutions ways
features characteristics
advantages disadvantages
difference similarities
topic types forms
names age sex time cost event purpose
Step 6.
1. 回顾消化所学方法，思考总结解题方法（2分钟后抽同学讲自己对方法的理解）
2. 总结(show the ways on the screen)
解题技巧及步骤:
略读---快速浏览 抓住中心大意及每段的大意
查读---带着问题找读（ 有针对性、节约时间 ）
认真分析表格
借助已有信息 细读---分析整合信息、准确表达
（忠于原文）
概括归纳信息
复查
Step 7. Homework一、打印技巧
1.本资料页面设置为：
页边距：上边距2厘米、下边距1.5厘米、左右边距2.42厘米。
纸 张：16开、
分 栏：一栏
2.如果你是家庭用户，用A4打印机打印。请选用16开纸，直接打印就可以
3.如果你是教师用A3打印机打印制作学生试卷。请将页面设置为：
页边距：上边距2厘米、下边距1.5厘米、左右边距2.42厘米、横向。
纸 张：8开
分 栏：两栏、宽度40字符。
二、欢迎来我的首页，在这里您可以很方便地查询到我上传的所有作品，欢迎交换意见。
1.我的首页：http://www.21cnjy.com/user/72weihong/
2.精品资料：http://www.21cnjy.com/user/home_list.asp username=72weihong&flag=J&softType=0
3.普通资料：http://www.21cnjy.com/user/72weihong/home_list.asp
温馨提示：请你将上述网址复制到地址栏敲回车，就可以访问到我的主页、精品资料、普通资料。