Unit1 A land of diversity
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| 名称 | Unit1 A land of diversity |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 5.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2008-05-15 18:23:00 | ||
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课件73张PPT。A land of
diversityA land of _________ .
California is a land of g_____
difference---differences in
c_____, in landscape (scenery)
and in culture.differencesreatlimateAtlantic OceanPacific OceanMexicoCanadaRocky MountainsMississippiGreat LakesHawaiiAlaskaGulf of MexicoSan FranciscoLos AngelesDenverSeattleAnchorageHonoluluMiamiHoustonNew OrleansBostonPhiladelphiaNew YorkWashingtonAtlantaKansasChicagoDetroitCaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia written abbrev.___, (State Nickname: “ The Golden State”) a state in the SW of the US, next to the Pacific Ocean, whose main cities includes ___________ and _____ _______. When people think of California, they often think of ________, ________, beaches and _____ ______ weather. California is generally considered to be more liberal than other states in the US.CASan FranciscoLosDisneylandHollywoodAngeleswarmsunnyState flagState Motto: The Greek word "Eureka" has appeared on the state seal since 1849 and means "I have found it". The words were probably intended to refer to the discovery of gold in California. State flower-poppyState tree- California redwoodPic on SB page 2:
A Spanish monk: The first people to settle in California after the American Indians were Spanish monks from South and Central America who went to teach the Christian religion to Native Americans.
Pic on SB page 3:
African Americans---Originally brought to America as slaves, their descendents now live in California as American citizens.ReadingFirst settlers crossed the ___________ from Asia. These people are now known as ___________ _______________________________ arrived in South America.California became part of _________The US _______
______ on Mexico_____ was discovered in CaliforniaCalifornia became the ____ state of the US15,000 years ago16th century1821184618481850Bering Strait Native
AmericansSpanish soldiersMexico declared
warGold31st
Russians early 1800s
Chinese late 1840s / early 1850s
Africans 1800s
Italians late 1800s
Jewish 1920s
Japanese early 1900s
Cambodians from about the 1970s
Koreans from about the 1970s
Danish 1911
Pakistanis from about the 1970s Answer key for Ex 4:
The state of California is a multicultural community because European, African and Asian people have been the state for the last 200 years. Before their arrival, Native American people had lived there for thousands of years. People from all over the world are still coming to settle in California because of the lifestyle it offers and .immigrating toits good climateLanguage Points1. Each illustrates something about California.e.g. The incident illustrates the need for better security measures.
His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition.
Last year’s sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2. 他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄的幻灯片.图2显示了去年的销售数字.这次事件说明了加强安全措施的必要.①加插图于… ②(用示例、图画等)说明,解释 ③ 表明…真实,illustrates③①②nearly; almost
意思接近,肯定句中可换用,只是almost的差距比nearly小.
There were nearly 200 people at the meeting.2. This is not surprising when you know the history of California, which, at various times, has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史,它在不同的时期, 都吸引了来自世界各国的人们, 这就不令人惊讶了.nearly多与数字连用◎almost能和any, never, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere等连用,这种情况下不能用nearly, 可用hardly.
almost never almost nobody几乎从不hardly ever几乎无人hardly anybody◎nearly可以和not连用, not nearly--- ”远不如”,但almost不和not单独连用.◎nearly前可用very/pretty, almost不可.◎more than / too之前用nearly, 不用almost.◎almost与nearly都可以用在行为动词的否定式之前.1. ______ no one (= ) believed him.
2. There isn’t ________ enough time to get there now.
3. We ______________ didn’t get there in time.
4. That’s _______ too much.
5. This word is to be found in ______ any dictionary.AlmostHardly anyonenearlyalmost/nearlynearly那简直太过分了.almostnoisn’tdidn’ttooany3.Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们相信这些最初的定居者是通过史前存在的陆路桥，穿过白令海峡从亚洲到阿拉斯加州。the Bering Straitthe Bering Straitthe Strait of Gibraltarthe English Channel白令海峡直布罗陀海峡英吉利海峡by means ofby means of 用…方法，借助
---by using sth; with the help of
e.g. the thief had wanted to escape by means of a secret tunnel, but was caught.
小偷想从一条暗道里逃走,结果被抓住了。
by all means
by no means
by this means
by some means (or other)一定，务必决不通过这种方式想尽方法，无论
如何总得=one way or anothermeans: a method or a way (of doing)
方法;方式;手段 (单复数同形)
e.g. All possible means have been tried.
(Every possible means has been tried.)
一切可能的办法都试过了.
The quickest means of travel is by plane.
旅行的最快方式是乘飞机.4.Of the first Spanish to go to California, the ________ were religious men who came to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.majority在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的宗教人士。e.g. Those who favor the proposal are in the majority.赞成该提案者占多数。She was elected by/with a majority of 100.她以100的多数票当选。against (to) 10她以100票对10票的明显多数支持当选.※the majority作“多数”“大半”解，单独作主语时，谓语动词多用单数，在强调“多数中的各个成员”时，谓语动词也可用复数。
※the majority of后可用单数名词，也可用复数名词,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致.
e.g. The majority ____________ (be) in favour of banning smoking.
The majority of the damage ____ (be) easy to repair.
The (great) majority of people _________ (prefer) peace to war./werewasisprefer5.However, in 1846 the United States ________ war ___________ Mexico and after it lost the war, Mexico had to give California to the United States.declared然而,1846年美国向墨西哥宣战,墨西哥在失败之后,被迫将加利福尼亚割让给美国。on/againsta) to make known publicly or officially 宣告；公告 The government has declared a state of emergency.政府已宣布进入紧急状态。b) to state with great force so that there is not doubt about the meaning声称；断言；宣称She declared that she knew nothing about it.她声称对此事一无所知。c) to make a full statement of (property on which tax is owed to the government) 申报All income must be declared.所有收益必须申报。6. Many died or returned home, but most _______ in California to _________ for themselves in the new towns or on farms.许多人死了或回家了，但是多数人留在了加利福尼亚，在新的城镇或农场里劳作谋生。remainedmake a lifemake a life---make a living---change the way one is livingdo work to earn money※remain+ b) A few apples remained on the tree.c) They never remained satisfied with their successes. a) In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best of friends.n./prep. p/pp.d) She remained sitting when they came in./to be done/as…e) A number of problems remain to be solved.f) Let things remain as they are.一切保持现状吧。尚待…7. __________ California became the thirty-first state of the United States of America in 1850, it was already a __________ society.
到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个洲的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。multiculturalBy the timeBy the end of last year, another new gymnasium ___ in Beijing.
would be completed
was being complete
has been completed
had been completedlast year√前缀multi-是“多、多方面、多方向”的意思。
multi-coloured
multi-racial(country)
multi-media
multiparty
multiparty system
multi-purpose
multi-skilling
multi-storey
multi-national多色的多种族（国家）的多媒体多党制的多党制多种用途，多功能多才多艺（n.）多层（立体）停车场跨国的；多民族的8. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, _________ a large _________ have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco. 今天，加利福尼亚周的所有地区都有美籍华人，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在LA和旧金山的“中国城”里。althoughpercentageAlthough he is in poor health, he works hard.
Though he is in poor health, yet he works hard.
Although he is in poor health, but he works hard.√√×1）. ______________ she gave no sign, I was sure she had seen me.
2）. They are generous ______ they are poor.
3）. Child _________ he was, he learned a lot.
4）. Our team lost. It was a good game, ____________.
5）. He’ll probably say no, ______ it’s worth asking.
他很可能会拒绝，不过问一下有益无损。Although/Though thoughthough/asthoughthoughalthough尽管…虽然…不过，但是(adv.)percentage ( ) +c.sing./pl. v.e.g. A large percentage of the hotel’s income is from the visitors to the lake nearby. 那家旅馆的收入大部分来自于参观附近那个湖的旅客。A high (small) percentage of the female staff are part-time workers.女职员中，兼职工作的人占很高的比例。rise by one percentage point提高一个百分点in percentage terms按（以）百分比…3 percentage（ ） 3 percent （ ）×√9. In 1911 _________ from Denmark _________ a town _________, which today still _______ its Danish culture.
1911年，丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇，至今仍然保持着丹麦文化。immigrantsestablishedkeeps upof their ownWould you slow down a bit, please? I can’t _____ you.
a. keep up with b. put up with
c. make up to d. hold on toakeep up---①维持，保持 ② （使）继续
③ 使不掉下来，使不下降
e.g. It costs a lot of money to keep up a car.
Will the fine weather keep up?
The shortage of supplies is keeping the price up.①②③你是如何收拾照料这幢大房子的？How do you keep up this large house?干下去，不要停下来！Keep it up; don’t stop it!keep away from
keep…from
keep out
keep back
keep off
keep up with
keep an eye on
keep a record of
keep fit
keep in touch with
keep hold of不接近
阻止
使不入内，不卷入
阻止，保留，隐瞒
远离
跟上
留意，照看，留神
记载
保持健康
与…保持联系
抓住establish---①建立，创立 ②确立，使被接受 ③证实，查实
e.g. I have been unable to establish the truth of his story.
Now that he has established himself in the team, he is playing with much more confidence.
The company has established a new system for dealing with complaints.①③make certain ofset up; begin; create② be firmly settled or accepted in a particular state or positionestablish a shop /school / business/ new state
创办商店/学校/企业/建立新政权
establish friendly relations with
与…建立友好关系
establish the theory
确立理论
1. 造桥；生火；寄希望于和平；兴建企业；建立…的关系；建立信任；
2. 这座桥是用水泥造的。
3. 这个富翁在他出生的镇上创办了一所医院。
4. 建立委员会；成家；设立信托基金；创设.情境________ a bridge; a fire; hopes for peace; a business; a relationship; confidence…built The bridge is _______ /___________ of cement.builtconstructedThe rich man ________ a hospital in the town where he was born.founded _________ a committee; house/home; a trust fund; a situationset up※built是常用词，宾语可以是名词或抽象名词
※construct 指用各种材料建成一个整体，着重于构筑，结构等含义，它往往与built通用，一般来说，凡是可用construct的地方都可用built。
※found着重于打下基础，尤指用基金创立学校，图书馆等；更常用于政党，国家，流派等的建立。
※set up着重开始建立的意思，可跟具体的东西或抽象的东西。of one’s own
e.g. He has a room of his own.=his own roomown只能用在如my, John’s ,the company’s 等表示所属关系的词后面。When you grow up, you can have your very own room.用very加强语气He left the company to start a business of his own.on one’s own单独地；独立地；无援地How do you like living on your own?
I can’t carry it on my own; it’s too heavy.10. The industry attracted Europeans, including ( ) many Jewish people.这一行业吸引来了欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。1) 考虑到对方实力强大，我们进了两个球就很不错了。
__________ ( )the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals.
2) 关于处罚，你有何意见？
_________ ( ) the punishment, what would you advise?includingConsideringprep./conj.Regardingprep.prep.3). 他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
he asked several questions ________ ( ) the future of the company.
4).假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。
I will agree to go _________( ) my expenses are paid.
5).要是下雨的话，我们在室内比赛行吗？
______________ ( ) it rains, can we play the match indoors?providingprovidedconcerningprep.conj.Supposing (that)Suppose (that)conj.11. It is believed that before long the ____ of __________ will be so great that there will be no major ______ or cultural groups, but simply a _______ many cultures.据信，要不了多久，多种国籍的混和将会非常之大，以至不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。mixnationalitiesmixtureWhat is your nationality?你的国籍？Whattake/hold/have … nationality拥有/持有…的国籍少数民族a minority nationalityracialmix (v.)---
e.g. If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.
It is not easy to mix work with pleasure.
The husband and wife do not mix well.蓝色和黄色相混合就是绿色。使工作和乐趣结合并不容易。①使混合；掺和；融合②相容；平安相处这对夫妻不太和得来。mix…with/and…
mix…in/into…
mix…up with…
mix sb. sth (mix sth for sb)
be/get mixed up
be mixed up in把…和…混合起来
在…中掺入
把…与…混淆
为某人调治…
被搞糊涂
卷入; 牵涉到…mix (n.)---混合体
e.g. The town offers a fascinating mix of old and new.这个小镇新旧结合，很有魅力。mixed (adj.)mixed feelingsmixed fortunes in…competitiona mixed communitya mixed marriage a mixed salad复杂的感情；拿不定主意在比赛中有输有赢多文化的社区异族（异教）通婚什锦色拉Exercisemajor
national
simple
curious
apply
race
mix
illustrateEx1 (P4)majoritynation/nationalitysimplicitycuriosityappliedapplicationracialracemixedmixtureillustrativeillustrationmixture;
immigrant;
Spanish
majority
Catholic
slavery
nationality
make a lifeEx2 (P4)a great many
nationalities
mix
have made a life
percentage
slavery
immigrants
Ex1 (P48)Ex2 (P48)1. by means of
2. marked out
3. feel like doing
4. teamed up with
5. take in1. We went down to the _____ to buy tickets for a scenic ride on a ferry _____ the Mississippi River.
2. During that war, a great many _________ were forced to leave their homes and travel to other places to __________for themselves.
3. The ________ of us had only one small piece of _______ with us when we ________the aircraft.Ex3 (P48)wharfacrossimmigrantsmake a lifemajorityluggageboarded4. The sign on the shop next to the bakery _______ that there were bicycles_______, but when we knocked on the door, no one________.
5. __________there is a ____ that takes you from the airport to the ______bus station.indicatedfor hireansweredApparentlytramcentralPage 49-Ex.1
1.how (OC)
2.when (OC)
3.who (OC)
4.what/which (OC)
5.what (SC)
6.That (SC)
7.Why (SC)
8.what (OC)
9.When (SC)10.as if (PC)
11.where/why (PC)
12.How (SC)
13.why (PC)
14.that (PC)
15.whether (OC)AnchorageHonoluluHonoluluHoustonA major industrial, commercial, and financial hub, the center of the U.S. aerospace industry, and a deep-water port. Houston is also the largest city in Texas. Population, 1,630,553. MiamiMiamiNew Orleans the largest city in Louisiana. Population, 496,938.New OrleansChicagoDenverThe capital and largest city of Colorado, in the north-central part of the state. Population, 467,610.Los Angeles a major shipping, manufacturing, communications, financial, and distribution center noted for its entertainment industry. Population, 3,485,398.Los AngelesSan FranciscoDiscovery of gold nearby in 1848 changed the city from a small community into a thriving boom town known for its lawlessness and bawdy (猥亵的) amusements.SeattleBecame a boom town during the Alaskan gold rush of 1897. It is now an important commercial, transportation, and industrial hub and a major port of entry. Population, 516,259.New YorkWashington DCPhiladelphiaAtlantaDetroitKansasBostonA number of any of the original peoples of America, especially of the US and Canada, who lived there before white people arrived. Native Americans come from many different tribes, and each tribe has its own language and culture. The word American Indian also means Native American, but is mostly used about the people of central and South America. The older words Indian, and especially Red Indians, are no longer used and are offensive to Native Americans
diversityA land of _________ .
California is a land of g_____
difference---differences in
c_____, in landscape (scenery)
and in culture.differencesreatlimateAtlantic OceanPacific OceanMexicoCanadaRocky MountainsMississippiGreat LakesHawaiiAlaskaGulf of MexicoSan FranciscoLos AngelesDenverSeattleAnchorageHonoluluMiamiHoustonNew OrleansBostonPhiladelphiaNew YorkWashingtonAtlantaKansasChicagoDetroitCaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia written abbrev.___, (State Nickname: “ The Golden State”) a state in the SW of the US, next to the Pacific Ocean, whose main cities includes ___________ and _____ _______. When people think of California, they often think of ________, ________, beaches and _____ ______ weather. California is generally considered to be more liberal than other states in the US.CASan FranciscoLosDisneylandHollywoodAngeleswarmsunnyState flagState Motto: The Greek word "Eureka" has appeared on the state seal since 1849 and means "I have found it". The words were probably intended to refer to the discovery of gold in California. State flower-poppyState tree- California redwoodPic on SB page 2:
A Spanish monk: The first people to settle in California after the American Indians were Spanish monks from South and Central America who went to teach the Christian religion to Native Americans.
Pic on SB page 3:
African Americans---Originally brought to America as slaves, their descendents now live in California as American citizens.ReadingFirst settlers crossed the ___________ from Asia. These people are now known as ___________ _______________________________ arrived in South America.California became part of _________The US _______
______ on Mexico_____ was discovered in CaliforniaCalifornia became the ____ state of the US15,000 years ago16th century1821184618481850Bering Strait Native
AmericansSpanish soldiersMexico declared
warGold31st
Russians early 1800s
Chinese late 1840s / early 1850s
Africans 1800s
Italians late 1800s
Jewish 1920s
Japanese early 1900s
Cambodians from about the 1970s
Koreans from about the 1970s
Danish 1911
Pakistanis from about the 1970s Answer key for Ex 4:
The state of California is a multicultural community because European, African and Asian people have been the state for the last 200 years. Before their arrival, Native American people had lived there for thousands of years. People from all over the world are still coming to settle in California because of the lifestyle it offers and .immigrating toits good climateLanguage Points1. Each illustrates something about California.e.g. The incident illustrates the need for better security measures.
His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition.
Last year’s sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2. 他在讲演中使用了探险时拍摄的幻灯片.图2显示了去年的销售数字.这次事件说明了加强安全措施的必要.①加插图于… ②(用示例、图画等)说明,解释 ③ 表明…真实,illustrates③①②nearly; almost
意思接近,肯定句中可换用,只是almost的差距比nearly小.
There were nearly 200 people at the meeting.2. This is not surprising when you know the history of California, which, at various times, has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史,它在不同的时期, 都吸引了来自世界各国的人们, 这就不令人惊讶了.nearly多与数字连用◎almost能和any, never, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere等连用,这种情况下不能用nearly, 可用hardly.
almost never almost nobody几乎从不hardly ever几乎无人hardly anybody◎nearly可以和not连用, not nearly--- ”远不如”,但almost不和not单独连用.◎nearly前可用very/pretty, almost不可.◎more than / too之前用nearly, 不用almost.◎almost与nearly都可以用在行为动词的否定式之前.1. ______ no one (= ) believed him.
2. There isn’t ________ enough time to get there now.
3. We ______________ didn’t get there in time.
4. That’s _______ too much.
5. This word is to be found in ______ any dictionary.AlmostHardly anyonenearlyalmost/nearlynearly那简直太过分了.almostnoisn’tdidn’ttooany3.Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们相信这些最初的定居者是通过史前存在的陆路桥，穿过白令海峡从亚洲到阿拉斯加州。the Bering Straitthe Bering Straitthe Strait of Gibraltarthe English Channel白令海峡直布罗陀海峡英吉利海峡by means ofby means of 用…方法，借助
---by using sth; with the help of
e.g. the thief had wanted to escape by means of a secret tunnel, but was caught.
小偷想从一条暗道里逃走,结果被抓住了。
by all means
by no means
by this means
by some means (or other)一定，务必决不通过这种方式想尽方法，无论
如何总得=one way or anothermeans: a method or a way (of doing)
方法;方式;手段 (单复数同形)
e.g. All possible means have been tried.
(Every possible means has been tried.)
一切可能的办法都试过了.
The quickest means of travel is by plane.
旅行的最快方式是乘飞机.4.Of the first Spanish to go to California, the ________ were religious men who came to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.majority在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的宗教人士。e.g. Those who favor the proposal are in the majority.赞成该提案者占多数。She was elected by/with a majority of 100.她以100的多数票当选。against (to) 10她以100票对10票的明显多数支持当选.※the majority作“多数”“大半”解，单独作主语时，谓语动词多用单数，在强调“多数中的各个成员”时，谓语动词也可用复数。
※the majority of后可用单数名词，也可用复数名词,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致.
e.g. The majority ____________ (be) in favour of banning smoking.
The majority of the damage ____ (be) easy to repair.
The (great) majority of people _________ (prefer) peace to war./werewasisprefer5.However, in 1846 the United States ________ war ___________ Mexico and after it lost the war, Mexico had to give California to the United States.declared然而,1846年美国向墨西哥宣战,墨西哥在失败之后,被迫将加利福尼亚割让给美国。on/againsta) to make known publicly or officially 宣告；公告 The government has declared a state of emergency.政府已宣布进入紧急状态。b) to state with great force so that there is not doubt about the meaning声称；断言；宣称She declared that she knew nothing about it.她声称对此事一无所知。c) to make a full statement of (property on which tax is owed to the government) 申报All income must be declared.所有收益必须申报。6. Many died or returned home, but most _______ in California to _________ for themselves in the new towns or on farms.许多人死了或回家了，但是多数人留在了加利福尼亚，在新的城镇或农场里劳作谋生。remainedmake a lifemake a life---make a living---change the way one is livingdo work to earn money※remain+ b) A few apples remained on the tree.c) They never remained satisfied with their successes. a) In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best of friends.n./prep. p/pp.d) She remained sitting when they came in./to be done/as…e) A number of problems remain to be solved.f) Let things remain as they are.一切保持现状吧。尚待…7. __________ California became the thirty-first state of the United States of America in 1850, it was already a __________ society.
到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个洲的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。multiculturalBy the timeBy the end of last year, another new gymnasium ___ in Beijing.
would be completed
was being complete
has been completed
had been completedlast year√前缀multi-是“多、多方面、多方向”的意思。
multi-coloured
multi-racial(country)
multi-media
multiparty
multiparty system
multi-purpose
multi-skilling
multi-storey
multi-national多色的多种族（国家）的多媒体多党制的多党制多种用途，多功能多才多艺（n.）多层（立体）停车场跨国的；多民族的8. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, _________ a large _________ have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco. 今天，加利福尼亚周的所有地区都有美籍华人，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在LA和旧金山的“中国城”里。althoughpercentageAlthough he is in poor health, he works hard.
Though he is in poor health, yet he works hard.
Although he is in poor health, but he works hard.√√×1）. ______________ she gave no sign, I was sure she had seen me.
2）. They are generous ______ they are poor.
3）. Child _________ he was, he learned a lot.
4）. Our team lost. It was a good game, ____________.
5）. He’ll probably say no, ______ it’s worth asking.
他很可能会拒绝，不过问一下有益无损。Although/Though thoughthough/asthoughthoughalthough尽管…虽然…不过，但是(adv.)percentage ( ) +c.sing./pl. v.e.g. A large percentage of the hotel’s income is from the visitors to the lake nearby. 那家旅馆的收入大部分来自于参观附近那个湖的旅客。A high (small) percentage of the female staff are part-time workers.女职员中，兼职工作的人占很高的比例。rise by one percentage point提高一个百分点in percentage terms按（以）百分比…3 percentage（ ） 3 percent （ ）×√9. In 1911 _________ from Denmark _________ a town _________, which today still _______ its Danish culture.
1911年，丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇，至今仍然保持着丹麦文化。immigrantsestablishedkeeps upof their ownWould you slow down a bit, please? I can’t _____ you.
a. keep up with b. put up with
c. make up to d. hold on toakeep up---①维持，保持 ② （使）继续
③ 使不掉下来，使不下降
e.g. It costs a lot of money to keep up a car.
Will the fine weather keep up?
The shortage of supplies is keeping the price up.①②③你是如何收拾照料这幢大房子的？How do you keep up this large house?干下去，不要停下来！Keep it up; don’t stop it!keep away from
keep…from
keep out
keep back
keep off
keep up with
keep an eye on
keep a record of
keep fit
keep in touch with
keep hold of不接近
阻止
使不入内，不卷入
阻止，保留，隐瞒
远离
跟上
留意，照看，留神
记载
保持健康
与…保持联系
抓住establish---①建立，创立 ②确立，使被接受 ③证实，查实
e.g. I have been unable to establish the truth of his story.
Now that he has established himself in the team, he is playing with much more confidence.
The company has established a new system for dealing with complaints.①③make certain ofset up; begin; create② be firmly settled or accepted in a particular state or positionestablish a shop /school / business/ new state
创办商店/学校/企业/建立新政权
establish friendly relations with
与…建立友好关系
establish the theory
确立理论
1. 造桥；生火；寄希望于和平；兴建企业；建立…的关系；建立信任；
2. 这座桥是用水泥造的。
3. 这个富翁在他出生的镇上创办了一所医院。
4. 建立委员会；成家；设立信托基金；创设.情境________ a bridge; a fire; hopes for peace; a business; a relationship; confidence…built The bridge is _______ /___________ of cement.builtconstructedThe rich man ________ a hospital in the town where he was born.founded _________ a committee; house/home; a trust fund; a situationset up※built是常用词，宾语可以是名词或抽象名词
※construct 指用各种材料建成一个整体，着重于构筑，结构等含义，它往往与built通用，一般来说，凡是可用construct的地方都可用built。
※found着重于打下基础，尤指用基金创立学校，图书馆等；更常用于政党，国家，流派等的建立。
※set up着重开始建立的意思，可跟具体的东西或抽象的东西。of one’s own
e.g. He has a room of his own.=his own roomown只能用在如my, John’s ,the company’s 等表示所属关系的词后面。When you grow up, you can have your very own room.用very加强语气He left the company to start a business of his own.on one’s own单独地；独立地；无援地How do you like living on your own?
I can’t carry it on my own; it’s too heavy.10. The industry attracted Europeans, including ( ) many Jewish people.这一行业吸引来了欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。1) 考虑到对方实力强大，我们进了两个球就很不错了。
__________ ( )the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals.
2) 关于处罚，你有何意见？
_________ ( ) the punishment, what would you advise?includingConsideringprep./conj.Regardingprep.prep.3). 他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
he asked several questions ________ ( ) the future of the company.
4).假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。
I will agree to go _________( ) my expenses are paid.
5).要是下雨的话，我们在室内比赛行吗？
______________ ( ) it rains, can we play the match indoors?providingprovidedconcerningprep.conj.Supposing (that)Suppose (that)conj.11. It is believed that before long the ____ of __________ will be so great that there will be no major ______ or cultural groups, but simply a _______ many cultures.据信，要不了多久，多种国籍的混和将会非常之大，以至不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。mixnationalitiesmixtureWhat is your nationality?你的国籍？Whattake/hold/have … nationality拥有/持有…的国籍少数民族a minority nationalityracialmix (v.)---
e.g. If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.
It is not easy to mix work with pleasure.
The husband and wife do not mix well.蓝色和黄色相混合就是绿色。使工作和乐趣结合并不容易。①使混合；掺和；融合②相容；平安相处这对夫妻不太和得来。mix…with/and…
mix…in/into…
mix…up with…
mix sb. sth (mix sth for sb)
be/get mixed up
be mixed up in把…和…混合起来
在…中掺入
把…与…混淆
为某人调治…
被搞糊涂
卷入; 牵涉到…mix (n.)---混合体
e.g. The town offers a fascinating mix of old and new.这个小镇新旧结合，很有魅力。mixed (adj.)mixed feelingsmixed fortunes in…competitiona mixed communitya mixed marriage a mixed salad复杂的感情；拿不定主意在比赛中有输有赢多文化的社区异族（异教）通婚什锦色拉Exercisemajor
national
simple
curious
apply
race
mix
illustrateEx1 (P4)majoritynation/nationalitysimplicitycuriosityappliedapplicationracialracemixedmixtureillustrativeillustrationmixture;
immigrant;
Spanish
majority
Catholic
slavery
nationality
make a lifeEx2 (P4)a great many
nationalities
mix
have made a life
percentage
slavery
immigrants
Ex1 (P48)Ex2 (P48)1. by means of
2. marked out
3. feel like doing
4. teamed up with
5. take in1. We went down to the _____ to buy tickets for a scenic ride on a ferry _____ the Mississippi River.
2. During that war, a great many _________ were forced to leave their homes and travel to other places to __________for themselves.
3. The ________ of us had only one small piece of _______ with us when we ________the aircraft.Ex3 (P48)wharfacrossimmigrantsmake a lifemajorityluggageboarded4. The sign on the shop next to the bakery _______ that there were bicycles_______, but when we knocked on the door, no one________.
5. __________there is a ____ that takes you from the airport to the ______bus station.indicatedfor hireansweredApparentlytramcentralPage 49-Ex.1
1.how (OC)
2.when (OC)
3.who (OC)
4.what/which (OC)
5.what (SC)
6.That (SC)
7.Why (SC)
8.what (OC)
9.When (SC)10.as if (PC)
11.where/why (PC)
12.How (SC)
13.why (PC)
14.that (PC)
15.whether (OC)AnchorageHonoluluHonoluluHoustonA major industrial, commercial, and financial hub, the center of the U.S. aerospace industry, and a deep-water port. Houston is also the largest city in Texas. Population, 1,630,553. MiamiMiamiNew Orleans the largest city in Louisiana. Population, 496,938.New OrleansChicagoDenverThe capital and largest city of Colorado, in the north-central part of the state. Population, 467,610.Los Angeles a major shipping, manufacturing, communications, financial, and distribution center noted for its entertainment industry. Population, 3,485,398.Los AngelesSan FranciscoDiscovery of gold nearby in 1848 changed the city from a small community into a thriving boom town known for its lawlessness and bawdy (猥亵的) amusements.SeattleBecame a boom town during the Alaskan gold rush of 1897. It is now an important commercial, transportation, and industrial hub and a major port of entry. Population, 516,259.New YorkWashington DCPhiladelphiaAtlantaDetroitKansasBostonA number of any of the original peoples of America, especially of the US and Canada, who lived there before white people arrived. Native Americans come from many different tribes, and each tribe has its own language and culture. The word American Indian also means Native American, but is mostly used about the people of central and South America. The older words Indian, and especially Red Indians, are no longer used and are offensive to Native Americans