语法 形容词
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形容词
近五年高考单项填空中,形容词和副词每年都出现一道题.2000年出现了两道题.
重点:形容词和副词的原级和比较级的基本句型;形容词用作定语,表语和补足语;近义形容词和副词辨析和固定搭配.
1. 形容词修饰名词的顺序.
John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car.
A. large German white B. large white German
C. white large German D. German large white
1).限定词
(1) 放在冠词前的形容词 all both such half
(2) 冠词、指示代词、物主代词、不定代词 a the this that these those my his some every each
(3)序数词和基数词 the second half the last three paragraphs
2) 类别
（1）性质（描绘性） nice clever fine beautiful interesting
(2) 状态（大小、新旧、颜色） large old new hot red young little
（3 专用的形容词（国籍）Chinese English
(4 ) 生产原料 wooden plastic cotton
those two nice yellow Britain wooden tables
那两张很漂亮的英国产的黄色木头桌子
a hungry, tired, sleepy little match girl
一个又饿、又累、有困的买火柴的小女孩
All of the first five gifted American scientists were greatly honored.
限定描绘大长高 形状时代和新老 颜色国籍和材料
2. 形容词或副词后置
（1）个别的形容词后置------惯用法
all the people present the greatest man alive
time left by all means possible
(2) 短语后置
I never heard a tale, so long, so sad and so true.
a family, happy and rich a bridge, 100 miles long
Students brave enough to take this adventure course….
If we have a long enough holiday,……
(3) as much an art as….. how hard a task
too difficult a problem so interesting a movie
that big a stone
3.通过上下文暗示判断正确答案
1) Wait till you are more _____. It’s better to be sure than sorry.
A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied
2) Don’t be too ____about things you’re not supposed to know.
A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious
3) Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a _____discussion.
A. noisy B. serious C. complete D. friendly
4.常用形容词辨析
1). alive
Newspaper reporters keep much interest in the stories alive.
Let’s keep the fish alive.
Is the dog alive or dead
He is the greatest poet alive.
living He is regarded as one of the best living writers at present.
**The living must finish the work of those dead.
He make a living by teaching.
live He bought two live fish.
There is going to be a live TV broadcast.
The program is broadcast live.
lively There was a lively discussion in our class.
The music is bright and lively.
2) all All my classmates like the latest album.
He spent all his money.
whole The whole country is in a state of depression.
all over the world=the whole world
3) alone adj. ad. lonely adj.
He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.
Let him alone to do it.
I am not alone in objecting to the plan.
She alone was able to answer the question.
4).anxious eager ready nervous curious worried
I’m anxious about her/ her health.
Anxious to know the result, they went to the teacher’s office.
They are anxious to leave.
She is eager to see her son.
They are ready to help others.
Tom was nervous when he stood on the stage.
Children are curious about everything.
She is very worried about her sick mother.
5) asleep sleepy sleeping sleep
He was fast asleep.
I’m sleepy. I want to go to bed.
I seldom go to sleep early.
This is a sleeping dog.
6).calm quiet silent still
Stay/Keep calm. The sea is calm.
I remembered his words and calmed down.
Be quiet! The teacher is coming.
During the meeting, he kept silent.
Please stand still when I take your picture.
The lake is still.
7) close closed closely near nearby nearly
close 近的 接近的 Our houses are close to the bus stop.
亲密的 He is my close friend.
get close to stand close to
closed---open I found the door open / closed / shut /locked.
closely 严密地 仔细地 The policeman examined his room closely.
near adj. prep. What is the nearest way to the station
Our house is nearer to the bus stop than it is to the subway.
The final examination is drawing near.
I must have dropped my purse near here.
nearby adj. a nearby town=a town nearby
nearly ad. It was nearly one o’clock.
8) sick ill
My mother became/got/fell ill /sick.
She has been ill/sick in bed for a week.
This has an ill effect on the patient.
The sick baby is dying.
9) most mostly almost
Most children are curious about everything.
Most of the children are brought up in the city.
You are a most unusual person.
What surprised me most was that…
The answers are mostly correct.
He is mostly out on Sundays.
He almost fell down.
Almost no one believes that.
The money is not nearly enough.
近五年高考单项填空中,形容词和副词每年都出现一道题.2000年出现了两道题.
重点:形容词和副词的原级和比较级的基本句型;形容词用作定语,表语和补足语;近义形容词和副词辨析和固定搭配.
1. 形容词修饰名词的顺序.
John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car.
A. large German white B. large white German
C. white large German D. German large white
1).限定词
(1) 放在冠词前的形容词 all both such half
(2) 冠词、指示代词、物主代词、不定代词 a the this that these those my his some every each
(3)序数词和基数词 the second half the last three paragraphs
2) 类别
（1）性质（描绘性） nice clever fine beautiful interesting
(2) 状态（大小、新旧、颜色） large old new hot red young little
（3 专用的形容词（国籍）Chinese English
(4 ) 生产原料 wooden plastic cotton
those two nice yellow Britain wooden tables
那两张很漂亮的英国产的黄色木头桌子
a hungry, tired, sleepy little match girl
一个又饿、又累、有困的买火柴的小女孩
All of the first five gifted American scientists were greatly honored.
限定描绘大长高 形状时代和新老 颜色国籍和材料
2. 形容词或副词后置
（1）个别的形容词后置------惯用法
all the people present the greatest man alive
time left by all means possible
(2) 短语后置
I never heard a tale, so long, so sad and so true.
a family, happy and rich a bridge, 100 miles long
Students brave enough to take this adventure course….
If we have a long enough holiday,……
(3) as much an art as….. how hard a task
too difficult a problem so interesting a movie
that big a stone
3.通过上下文暗示判断正确答案
1) Wait till you are more _____. It’s better to be sure than sorry.
A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied
2) Don’t be too ____about things you’re not supposed to know.
A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious
3) Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a _____discussion.
A. noisy B. serious C. complete D. friendly
4.常用形容词辨析
1). alive
Newspaper reporters keep much interest in the stories alive.
Let’s keep the fish alive.
Is the dog alive or dead
He is the greatest poet alive.
living He is regarded as one of the best living writers at present.
**The living must finish the work of those dead.
He make a living by teaching.
live He bought two live fish.
There is going to be a live TV broadcast.
The program is broadcast live.
lively There was a lively discussion in our class.
The music is bright and lively.
2) all All my classmates like the latest album.
He spent all his money.
whole The whole country is in a state of depression.
all over the world=the whole world
3) alone adj. ad. lonely adj.
He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.
Let him alone to do it.
I am not alone in objecting to the plan.
She alone was able to answer the question.
4).anxious eager ready nervous curious worried
I’m anxious about her/ her health.
Anxious to know the result, they went to the teacher’s office.
They are anxious to leave.
She is eager to see her son.
They are ready to help others.
Tom was nervous when he stood on the stage.
Children are curious about everything.
She is very worried about her sick mother.
5) asleep sleepy sleeping sleep
He was fast asleep.
I’m sleepy. I want to go to bed.
I seldom go to sleep early.
This is a sleeping dog.
6).calm quiet silent still
Stay/Keep calm. The sea is calm.
I remembered his words and calmed down.
Be quiet! The teacher is coming.
During the meeting, he kept silent.
Please stand still when I take your picture.
The lake is still.
7) close closed closely near nearby nearly
close 近的 接近的 Our houses are close to the bus stop.
亲密的 He is my close friend.
get close to stand close to
closed---open I found the door open / closed / shut /locked.
closely 严密地 仔细地 The policeman examined his room closely.
near adj. prep. What is the nearest way to the station
Our house is nearer to the bus stop than it is to the subway.
The final examination is drawing near.
I must have dropped my purse near here.
nearby adj. a nearby town=a town nearby
nearly ad. It was nearly one o’clock.
8) sick ill
My mother became/got/fell ill /sick.
She has been ill/sick in bed for a week.
This has an ill effect on the patient.
The sick baby is dying.
9) most mostly almost
Most children are curious about everything.
Most of the children are brought up in the city.
You are a most unusual person.
What surprised me most was that…
The answers are mostly correct.
He is mostly out on Sundays.
He almost fell down.
Almost no one believes that.
The money is not nearly enough.