introduction and reading(陕西省西安)

课件75张PPT。one that与it
在英语中为了避免重复上文的某个名词，常用one that it来代替。
1. one=a(an) +单数可数名词,表示泛指，代替前面提到的同类人或物，但不是同一个；它只能替代可数名词，复数形式是ones.
2. that=the +不可数名词/单数可数名词,表示特指，指代前面提到过的那类物，既可以替代可数名词(复数形式为those)，也可以替代不可数名词。其作用有时相当于the one。 that不可以替代表示人的名词。
3. it =the(this/ that/ my/ your…)+单数名词,表示特指，指代前面提到过的那个事物(是同一个)，用于指代可数名词单数或不可数名词。one that it
I bought a knife and lent ____ to him.
Mary needs a new dictionary, show me a cheaper ____.
The voice of a woman is sweeter than _____ of a man.
I don’t want these green apples; I want the red ____.
The cost of oil is less than ____ of gas.
itonethatonesthatIntroductionLook at the following means of transport. Can you give their names?bikeBy all means一定;务必 by no means决不，一点也不
by this means用这种方法in this way ;
with this method
means着重强调手段 method侧重有逻辑的有条理的
Way 普通用语
boatbuscoachhelicoptermotorbiketaxitrolleybustruckundergrounddouble-deckershiptrainplanetricyclecarNow match some of the words with their definitions.bike boat coach helicopter motorbike taxi trolleybus truck underground bus1. It’s a bus used for long distance.
2. It’s got two wheels and it’s fast.
3. This bus is connected to the electric wires.coachmotorbiketrolleybus connect vt., vi.
1.（常与to连用）与．．．相连
你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗？
Will you connect this wire to the television.
　2.(接通电话)
Connect me with/to Beijing University.
给我接北京大学。
3.（与with连用）有联系，有关
That old man was connected with/to the crime.
那个老头与犯罪事件有关。
注意：The bus connects with the 8:30 train for beijing.
（交通工具）She is connected with the Simiths．
　与．．．有（亲戚）关系 4. You must pay to use this car.
5. It’s slow, cheap and has two wheels.
6. This is a suburban railway. It’s usually under the city.taxiundergroundbikeHurry up! I can’t catch the train __ the plain for shanghai.
connects with B. connecting with
C. connected with D. connect with The bus connects with the 8:30 train for beijingHis teaching ____ is modern.
Can we solve the problem in the same_______?
By ____ shall we give up.
I live in the ___ and I am used to the ___ life.methodwayno meanssuburbssuburbanMatch the words in the box with their meanings. cab destination fare get around passenger receipt return route rush hour seat single permitto go from one place to another
2. a person who uses public transport get aroundpassenger3. a ticket for a two-way journey 4. the road the public transport service
uses regularly 5. the busiest time of day 6. the price of a ticket 7. a ticket for a one-way journey 8. the place you want to go toreturn route rush hour fare singledestination 9. a place to sit 10. another word for taxi 11. a document which gives you the right
to do something
12. a document which shows you have
paid for somethingreceipt seat cabpermit Listen to the tape and find what means of
transportation are mentioned in the passage.Read the text fast and fill in the chart. 24 hours a day convenientexpensive5am to
midnight
night bus
servicecheap can be crowdedregular service cheap and not crowdednot mentioned 5am to 11 pm not mentionedfast convenientcrowded at rush hours expensivespecial and interestingRead the text carefully and answer the questions:1. How easy is it to find a taxi in Beijing?2. What color are most taxis?3. What’s the problem with buses?Raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time. They’re red. They’re often very crowded. 4. Which is the best bus for tourists?5. How many people can get in a minibus?6. What are the advantages of the underground?The 103 bus. 12 peopleIt’s fast and convenient. 7. When does it close at night?8. What can you visit in a pedicab?It closes at 11:00 pm.The narrow alleys of old Beijing. 1). If you want to explore the narrow alleys of old Beijing, you should choose ______.
A. taxis B. minibuses C. pedicabs D. underground
2). The rush hours include ______.
A. 5:30-8:00 I the morning
B. 4:00-5:30 in the afternoon
C. 6:30 am-8:00 am and 5:00 pm- 6:30 pm
D. 8:00 am-9:00 amCareful reading Read carefully and choose the best answer3). Tourists shouldn’t miss the 103 bus because ___.
A. the fare is cheap, starting at 1 yuan
B. you always get a seat even in rush hours
C. it is fast and convenient
D. it offers one of the most impressive routes
4). When you take a taxi in Beijing, you should ____.
A. bargain with the driver
B. definite the price per kilometre
C. talk to the driver
D. check the business permit and ask for a receiptCareful reading Read carefully and choose the best answer1.convenient
1) convenient to/for … 近而方便的
我们家到孩子学校近而方便。
Our house is convenient to the children’s school.
2) It is convenient for/to +名词+to do sth.
我们什么时候见面最方便？
When is it most convenient for us to meet?
如果下午六点来拜访你，方便吗？
Is it convenient for you if I come at 6
pm.Can you imagine the situation where you are caught in a storm?
Can you imagine the situation where you ____ ______ ____?
be stuck on 被（问题等）难住
Are you stuck on this question?
你被这个问题难住了吗？
be stuck with 被强迫做讨厌的事
get stuck in6. …several lines are under construction.
under construction (正在)修建中，常与be 动词连用。
be + under +n.经受或遭受…”，“在…过程中”
介词under,前接be动词,后跟动名词,有时表达惊醒事态的意思。
The problem is under discussion.
The car is under repair.
A new gym is under construction. under age未成年
under care adv. 被照管
under attack遭受攻击
under control adv.被控制住
under correction adv. 有待改正
under repairs 在修理中(的), 在修缮中
under question 在受盘问时; (在)讲座中的问题10. such as, for example, like, namely, that is 例如Tom has three friends, such as Mike and Carl.
We have many books of reference, _______ dictionaries and handbooks.
Some students, __________, John comes from countryside.
I have three friends, ____________, Jack and Tom.
There are several people interested, ____ Mr Jones and Mr Simpson. such as for examplethat is/namelylike seem/look/appear – link.v“似乎”“看上去”
seem-- 表“似乎”或“看来”,强调以客观的迹象为依据
A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby.
(一位飞行员看到一个气球，好象要飞向附近的英国空军基地 )
It seemed certain that he would win the prize.
look-- 表“看来”, 是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的
He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
My wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse.
appear– 强调“外表给人的印象”
The actress is thirty-five years old,but she appears /looks a lot younger.1. in no time
1). ---The weather was terrible yesterday.
---Yes. The whole city was covered with yellow dust _____ before people could find a safe place to hide themselves.
A. in time B. on time
C. in no time D. at a time
2) －你写完作文了吗？我们去操场踢足球吧！
－稍等一会儿，我很快就好了。
---Have you finished your homework? Let’s play football on the playground.
---Wait a moment. I’ll be all right in no time.1. in no time
1). Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time.
Simply raise your hand, and in no time _____ a taxi _______.
2) Hardly _____ when it began to rain.
A had he arrived B arrived he
C he had arrived D did he arrive
3) Not until the bell rang ______ in.
A do they come B came they
C did they come D they came doesappear否定词hardly, never, seldom, little, scarcely, rarely, no, in no time, by no means置于句首时Never before have I met him.
Seldom did the boy read newspaper
In no time did they catch the bus.
Little do I know about what he said.4. Not only _____ a writer but he was an artist for a time.
A he is B he was C is he D was he
5. Not a single mistake _____ in the dictation yesterday.
A did he make B made by him
C he made D he had made
6. ______ he realized it was too late to go home.
A No sooner it grew dark when
B Hardly it grew dark than
C It was not until dark that
D To get dark 7. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life __ so happy.
A. did I feel B. I felt
C. I had felt D. had I felt
8. On the wall ___ two large portraits.
A. are hanged B. hang
C. hangs D. hanged
9. No sooner _______ asleep than she heard a knock at the door.
A. she had fallen B. had she fallen
C. she fell D. she did fall10. No longer to be monitor of the class.
A．is he fit B．he is fit C．he fit D．fit be
11. Not until he reached the station ____ that his ticket had been left home.
A. does he realize B. he realized
C. did he realize D. he had realized
12. Nowhere else in the world a place so beatiful as Beijing.
A．you can find B．can you find
C．find you D．do you find
13. Seldom late the reading room.
A．does he come; to B．comes he; for
C．does he come; for D．comes he; to 14. Never before such a wonderful movie "Jiao Yulu".
A．have I seen; as B．I have seen; like
C．had I seen; like D．I have seen; as
15. Scarcely down when a knock at the door.
A．had he sat; did he hear
B．he had sat; did he hear
C．he had sat; he heard
D．had he sat; he heard
16. Little that the police are about to arrest him.
A．do he know B．does he know
C．he knows D．he knew 17. Neither could theory do without practice, without theory.
A．nor practice could do
B．nor could practice do
C．or could practice do D．practice could do nor
18. At no time was happening.
A．the President was aware of what
B．was the President aware of what
C．the President was aware that
D．was the President aware that 19. Not only away from them but also their only son.
A．everything they had was taken
B．everything they had taken was
C．was everything they had taken
D．everything was taken they had
20. do I get invited into his office.20.
A. Only B. Rarely C. Not only D．Never before
21. Not for a moment the truth of your story.
A．he has doubted B．he doubts
C．did he doubt D．he did doubt
22. Under no circumstances first use nuclear weapons.
A．will China B．China will
C．does China D．do China
23. By no means look down upon the poor.
A．we should B．we should not
C．do we D．should we
24. Not once their plan.
A．did they change B．they changed
C．changed they D．they did changed
25. Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.
A．didn’t I realize B．did I realize
C．I didn’t realize D．I realize注意：１）当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。
I seldom read newspaper before.
He had hardly finished his homework when the light went out.
2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。
Little work was done yesterday.
3. The first Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896.现代的第一届奥运会举办于1896年。1)time作“时代”解时，常用复数形式。例如：
In ancient times在古代/ in modern times
Times have changed and we should not fall behind them.
She didn’t understand the spirit of the times.
2)time作“倍数”或“次数”解时，也可以用复数形式：
The room is three times larger than that one.
I have told you a dozen times not to be late.
3)复数形式的times还可以表示境况，年头，日子。
We lived through terrible times during the war year.The New York Times《纽约时报》（美）
The Times 《泰晤士报》（英）in Shakespeare's time
in Queen Victoria's time
the feelings of the time16. times n. pl.Times have changed, and we shouldn't fall behind them.What wonderful times we live in!We had terrible times during the war.* time n. sing.avoid vt. -- to prevent (sth) happening, or to stop oneself from doing sth防止(发生某事)，避免（做某事）avoid sth./ doing sth.
(1) I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.
(2) Fortunately, we were able to avoid an accident.
avoid vt

avoid
sthdoing sthWe should learn from past mistakes and
avoid future ones.You can’t avoid meeting her if you both work
in the same office. 接动名词做宾语的动词：
避免，错过，少延期------avoid ,miss, put off
建议，完成，多练习------suggest, finish, practise
喜欢，想象，禁不住------enjoy, imagine, can’t help
承认，否定，玩妒忌------admit, deny, envy
逃避，冒险，不原谅------escape, risk, excuse
忍受， 保持，不介意------stand, keep, mindwhat can you do if you’re not sure what to do ?You can always follow your hosts.A. They follow the fashion of the day.
B. I couldn’t follow what he said.
C.Follow this road until you get to the church.
D. May follows April .The word Follow has the same meaning
as the one in __________.Afollow vt .
He followed her out of the room.
Follow this street until you get to the first crossing.
Sorry, I don’t quite follow you.
Don’t blame me. I am only following orders.
as follows
What he said ____ as follows.
follow the example of
跟随沿着明白，听懂依照，按照如下以…为榜样isFill in the blanks :1. In the __________ years, he will study harder than before.
2. The professor came into the lab, _________ some students.
3. The old man entered the park, _________ by his son.
4. _______ this street and you will find the post office.
5. He explained it as ________.
6. The __________ are chosen as members of the club.followingfollowingfollowedFollowfollowsfollowing9. afford “ 买得起，负担得起”　常与can ,could , be able to 连用，后接名词、代词或不定式,表示有财力或时间能够做某事.
e.g. At last , we can afford a house.
I can’t afford ( to buy ) a new car.
I can afford to take a week’s vacation this summer.
1. limit
1). speed limit 速度限制
set a limit 规定限度
time limit 时间限制
strict limit 严格限制
age limit 年龄限制
limit v 限制；限度
limit oneself to sth./ limit sth to sth
He limits himself to two eggs a week because of his heart disease.
We limited our discussion to the problems to be solved in the report.
Is there any limit to the amount of money we’ll spend today?worthwhile adj. 值得做的, 值得出力的
到巴黎的访问是值得的。
The visit to Paris is worthwhile.
她有一个很值得去出力干的工作。
She has a very worthwhile job.
他的成功使我们所有的努力都值得。
His success makes all our efforts
worthwhile.It is worthwhile to do / doing sth.
Sth is worth +n./ doing
Sth is worthy to be done/ of being done/of sth.
巴黎值得游览。
It is worthwhile to visit Paris / visiting Paris.
Paris is worth visiting / a visit.
Paris is worthy of being visited/of a visit.
Paris is worthy to be visited.
“ 值得做某事” 的表达法 have … in mind 在想，记住她把心中所想的告诉了我。
She told me what she had in mind.
请记住这些规则。
Please have these rules in mind.I would like to reach a wide audience, though I mostly have adults in minds.She told her boss what she had in mind.她告诉他的老板她在想什么。 Please have these rules in mind.请记住这些规定。 Close your book and fill in the blanks
You can use different means of transport to get around in Beijing. Simply raise you hand, and a taxi appears _________. You should check the cab has a business ______, and __________ you ask for a receipt. in no time permit make sure There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very crowded during the ________. There is also a night bus service, ________by buses with a number in the 200s. _________in which you can always have a seat run regular services and follow the same route as the public buses. rush hour provided Minibuses Underground trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible. If you want to go to the narrow alleys of old Beijing, ________ are worth using. pedicabs 9.在以may开头的一些祝福语中May you have a good journey!
May you succeed!Write this short passage on your exercise book and hand it in. Homework:He stood up with her face red. (adj.)　
　With all lights on ,the square looks more beautiful. (adv.)
The day was bright ,with a fresh breeze blowing.
(现在分词)
With much work to do ,he got up early. (不定 式)
The thief sat in the corner, with his hands tied to a chair.(过去分词)
He was asleep with his head on his arms.(介词短语)
Mary felt shy with the whole class______ (look) at her.
He is standing there with his hands ________ (cross).
With the old man _______(lead) the way, we are sure to get there in time.
她流着泪向我们告别．lookingcrossed to lead他手里拿着一本书出去了．She said goodbye to us with her tears
running down her face .He went out with a book in his hand .Travel: fill in the chart. bus terminal shipcatch/get on/ boardget offdeparture gatelinerjourneyTravel: fill in the chart. depart/ leavelanddriver’s seatbus driverpilot