课件37张PPT。Indirect SpeechDirect Speechand 一字不改地引用或复述别人的
话，被引用或复述的部分就叫直接引语；
直接引语必须都放在引号中，其位置
常在句尾或句首。用自己的话转述别人的话；被转述的部分
就叫间接引语；间接引语不必用括号，一
般用宾语从句或复合宾语表达法。 原封不动引用别人的原话,原话在引号中。“Take off your boots,” he said.“I don’t know where your bike is,”
said the Arab.“I’m sorry,” the professor said to
the class, “but none of you watched
carefully enough.”Direct Speech:用自己的话转述别人所说的内容。通常
以宾语从句的形式出现。当直接引语变
为间接引语时，有关的人称、语序、时
态、代词、时间状语、地点状语、和少
数动词都要作相应的改变。Indirect Speech:时
态
的
变
化一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时或不变过去将来时附：代词
时间
状语
地点
状语
少数
动词thatthosetherethengotakecouldmighthad to时
间
状
语直接引语转换为间接引语时人称代词转换规律
一从主 He said to Tom,“I can help them.”
He said to Tom that he could help them.
二从宾 He said to her,“You can help them.”
He told her that she could help them.
三不变 He said to Tom,“They can help them.”
He told Tom that they could help them.
?
陈述句：引语前用that引导,有时也可以不用。He said, “I opened the window this
morning.”He said that he opened the window
that morning.My sister said, “We have cleaned
the floor.”My sister said that they had
cleaned the floor.The manager said to me, “You
must go there next week.”The manager told me that
I had to go there the next week.The girl said, “I can do my
homework myself.”The girl said that she could do her
homework herself.如直接引语是客观真理，
变为间接引语时，时态不变。The teacher said in class, “The
moon moves around the earth.”The teacher said in class that the
moon moves around the earth.陈述句
直接引语变间接引语的结构：A said thatA told B thatThe girl said that she could do
her homework herself.The manager told me that I had
to go there the next week.一般疑问句：变为间接引语后，要用陈述语序（主语
先写）用if 或whether引导。时态等作
相应变化。He asked , “Can you hear me?”He asked if/whether I could hear
him.The teacher asked, “Have you read
this book, Bob?”The teacher asked Bob if/whether
he had read that book.She said to me, “Will you go there
with me?”She asked me if/whether I would
go there with her.She asked, “Did you see the film
yesterday, Peter?”She asked Peter if/whether he had
seen the film the day before.“Are you leaving today or
tomorrow?” Joan asked Kate.Joan asked Kate if/whether she was
leaving that day or the next day.一般疑问句
直接引语变间接引语的结构：A asked if/whetherA asked B if whetherHe asked if/whether I could hear
him.The teacher asked Bob if/whether
he had read that book.特殊疑问句：变为间接引语后，仍用原来的疑问词引
导，用陈述语序。时态等作相应变化。‘’When did they build this bridge?”
she asked.She asked when they built that
bridge.The teacher asked her, “Why did
you come late?”The teacher asked her why she
came late.Robert asked Alice, “Where is my
dictionary?”Robert asked Alice where his
dictionary was.Mrs. Bill asked him, “Which book
do you like best?”Mrs. Bill asked him which book he
liked best.特殊疑问句
直接引语变间接引语的结构：A asked +原句疑问词A asked B +原句疑问词She asked when they built that
bridge.Mrs. Bill asked him which book he
liked best.祈使句：改为间接引语后，就成了以不定式短语
形式出现的宾语补足语（动词常是ask/
tell/order/advise/warn /remind等）。He said to the girl, “Do it at once.”He told the girl to do it at once.Mrs. Hill said, “ please sing at our
party, Mary.”Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at
their party.She said to me, “Don’t smoke in
the classroom.”She told me not to smoke in the
classroom.He said, “Let’s go fishing
tomorrow.”He suggested going fishing the
next day.祈使句直接引语变间接引语的结构
(~sb to do sth)：A told B (not) to do…A asked B (not) to do…He told the girl to do it at once.Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at
their party.二）祈使句改间接引语后是~ sb (not)
to do sth 结构 注意以下几点
1.said/said to要变成 asked/told/
order等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。
2.呼语变宾语，please要去掉.感叹句
直接引语 (变化前)
He said , “How happy I am!”
间接引语(变化后)
He said that he was very happy.
He said how happy he was.
"What a clever boy you are!" she exclaimed.
→ She told him what a clever boy he was.
→ She told him that he was a clever boy.
由直接引语转变为间接引语,有时会引时态的变化,注意以下几个方面 1.主句动词为一般现在时、现在完成时或一般将来时，在转述直接引语过程中可以不作任何时态改变： 直接引语 She often says , “All men and women are equal under the law.”
间接引语 She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.
由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变
1. 不变的真理：
The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”
→ The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.
2. 经常的习惯( 强调动作或状态现在仍然如此时，)
He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”
→ He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 历史事件 (直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间
做状语时)
The teacher said, “World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.”
→ The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.
4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had
better等：
She said to me: “You must hurry up.”
→ She said that I must hurry up.
He often says “ I shall tell you
about them.”
He often tells me that _____ will
tell _____ about ______.
I…you…them B. he…me…them
C. he…you…us D. I…me…youB 例题 2. You must say to her, “ I depend
on you and him .”
You must tell her that _____
depend on ____ and _____.
A. I…you…him B. she…you…me
C. you…her…him D. you…me…himC 例题3. I shall tell him, “ I have written
to you and her twice.”
I shall tell him that ____ have
written to ____and _____twice.
I…him…her B. you…him…her
C. I …you…me D. you…me…herA 例题4. Jack said to me,” You look
worried today.”
Jack told me that _____ worried
_____.
he looks…today
B. you look…today
C. we looked…that day
D. I looked…that day D例题5.They said to us, “ Are you afraid
to leave this house ?”
They asked us ____ afraid to leave
_____ house.
that were we…this
B. that we were…that
C. if were we …this
D. if we were…thatD 例题6.“Do you know English ?” he asked.
He asked if _______English.
I knew B. you know
C. he knew D. I know A 例题7. Jane said, “ What did he hear
about a week ago ?”
Jane asked ____ about _____.
that he heard…a week ago
B. if he heard…the week ago
C. what he had heard… a week ago
D. what he had heard…the week
beforeD 例题8. She asked,” Whose house will he
break into next time ?”
She asked whose house ____ break
into _____.
will he…next time
B. would he…the next time
C. he will…next time
D. he would…the next timeD 例题9. Jack said to her ,”Where do
you spend your holidays ?”
Jack asked her where ____holidays.
she spend her
B. you spend your
C. she spent her
D. you spent yourc例题10.The teacher asked her, “Does
the sun rise in the east ?”
The teacher asked her ___ the
sun ____ in the east.
if…rise
B. if…rises
C. whether…rose
D. whether did …rise例题B课件22张PPT。Direct and Indirect Speech(2)
—Requests and CommandsRequests and CommandsDirect speechRequests: Do ... , please.
Can you... ?
Could you ... ?
Will you ... ?
Would you ... ? Commands: Do ...
Don’t ...祈使句变化形式： 动词＋宾语＋不定式三个注意：
１．动词的选择．如said变为asked, told, order, command等．
２．否定句．需用ask/told/order + not to do 形式．
３．时态，人称，时间，地点的变化．Indirect speech Requests: A asked B to do sth.
A asked B not to do sth.Commands: A told/ordered B to do sth.
A told/ordered B not to do sth.Requests or Commands1. Could I use your bathroom?request2. Put your coat in the closet.command3. Speak quietly on the phone, please.request4. Will you help me with my
homework this afternoon?request5. Could you meet me at four?request6. Take your shoes off before you
enter the room.command→ The landlady asked him to
put his coat in the closet.1 “Will you please put your coat in the closet? ” said the landlady.Practice→ The landlady asked him not to put his coat on the peg.2 “Will you please not put your coat on the peg?” asked the landlady.→ The young father told his
children to stand still.3 “Stand still,” the young father said to his children.The young father told his children
not to move.4 “Don’t move,” the young father said to his children. Mother told me to lock the
door after midnight. 5 “Lock the door after midnight,” said Mother.→ Mother told me not to leave the door open after midnight.6 “Don’t leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother.Ex.1 on P931. She told him to shut up.
I am sure I heard her say to him:
“_______.”Shut up2. He asked her to speak louder.
I am sure I heard him ask her:
“ _________________________?”Can you speak louder, please3. She told her to try the lift.
I am sure I heard her say to her:
“__________.”Try the lift4. He told them not to wait for him.
I am sure I heard him say to them:
“ _______________.”Don’t wait for me5. She told him to stop wasting time.
I am sure I heard her say to him:
“________________.”Stop wasting time6. The girl asked her father to tell her a story.
I am sure I heard her ask him:
“____________________? ” Can you tell me a storysummary一．直接引语变间接引语的特殊情况直接引语变间接引语 １．直接引语如果是客观真理，或是名人名言，谚语，变间接引语时，时态不变．He said,”The earth is round.”
He said that the earth is round.2.直接引语中如有明确的过去时间状语，时态不变．Jack said,”I was born in 1973. ”
Jack said that he was born in 1973.３．主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，事态不变.Mary says ,”Tom is a good boy . ”
Mary says that Tom is a good boy .
He said ,”I ‘ve lived here since I left school .”
He said that he had lived there since he left school. 4. 直接引语有以since或when引导的表示过去的时间状语从句时从句中的一般过去时不变，但主句的谓语动词则要改为过去完成时．二．不同类型句子的变法１．陈述句．把陈述句变成由that引导的宾语从句.“It is important to learn English well,” said Jack.
Jack said that it is important to learn English well.2. 一般疑问句．
(1)变间接引语时要变成由if或whether引导的宾语从句，同时将语序变为陈述句语序．She said, ”Is your father at home? ”
She asked me if/whether my father was at home.3.特殊疑问句变间接引语时，要把特殊疑问句变成由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，语序改为陈述句语序．“What did you do last Sunday morning?”, my friend asked me.
My friend asked me what I had done last Sunday morning.(2) 选择疑问句使用whether引导．“Will you accept or refuse the officer?”, he wondered.
He wondered whether I would accept the office.
4.祈使句．变间接引语时，要把动词原形变为带to的不定式；同时根据语气选择适当的谓语动词，如：ask, tell, order, command等．如有“please”，用ask表示请求，去掉please.The old woman said to him ,” please lock the door for me.”
The old woman asked him to lock the door for her.HomeworkComplete Grammar, Exercise 2 on Page 93 on your exercise book.课件18张PPT。 1. He often says “ I shall tell you about them.”
He often tells me that _____ will tell _____ about ______.
I…you…them B. he…me…them C. he…you…us D. I…me…you
2. You must say to her, “ I depend on you and him .”
You must tell her that _____ depend on ____ and _____.
I…you…him B. she…you…me C. you…her…him D. you…me…him
3. I shall tell him, “ I have written to you and her twice.”
I shall tell him that _____ have written to _____ and ______ twice.
A. I…him…her B. you…him…her C. I …you…me D. you…me…her 4. Jack said to me,” You look worried today.”
Jack told me that _____ worried _____.
A. he looks…today B. you look…today C. we looked…that day D. I looked…that day
5. We said to her,” They’re walking through the street now.”
We told her that _____ through the street ______.
A. we were walking…then B. you are walking…now
C .they were walking…then D. they walking…now
6. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”
Mr Black said that ______ a long way _____.
A. I had walked…last week B. he had walked…that week
C. I walked…last week D. he has walked…this week7. Mrs Johnson said,” I drew the picture last week.”
Mrs Johnson said that _____ the picture _____.
A. she drew…the week before B. I had drawn …that week
C. she had drawn …the week before D. I drew …the last week
8. You said to me,” I had thought it over before you asked.”
You told me that you ______it over before _____.
A. had thought…I asked B. had thought…you had asked
C. had had thought…I asked D. thought…you had asked
9. The man thought,” I shall take it back tomorrow.”
The man thought that ____ take it back _____.
A. I shall…tomorrow B. I shall…the next day C. he should…tomorrow D. he would …the next day 10.They said to us, “ Are you afraid to leave this house ?”
They asked us ____ afraid to leave _____ house.
A. that were we…this B. that we were…that C. if were we …this D. if we were…that
11. “Do you know English ?” he asked.
He asked if _______English.
A. I knew B. you know C. he knew D. I know
12.He said, “Do I have anything to do with her ?”
He asked ____ anything to do with _____>
A. if did he have …me B. if he had…me C. whether he had…her D. whether he had…her13.I said to Jenny, “Are you getting on well with him now ?”
I asked Jenny _____ getting on well with him ____.
A. whether was she …then B. if she was …then C. how was I …now D. how I was …now
14. The teacher asked, “ Has she read enough this week ?”
The teacher asked ____ read enough ____ week.
A. if she had…that B. whether she has …this C. if had she…that D. whether has she …this
15. Jane said, “ What did he hear about a week ago ?”
Jane asked ____ about _____.
A. that he heard…a week ago B. if he heard…the week ago
C. what he had herd… a week ago D. what he had heard…the week before16. People said, “ Who had they taken away when it got dark?”
People asked who______ taken away when it _____dark.
A. had they …got B. they had…got C. had they had…had got D. they had had…had got
17. She asked,” Whose house will he break into next time ?”
She asked whose house ____ break into _____.
A. will he…next time B. would he…the next time C. he will…next time D. he would…the next time
18. Jack said to her ,”Where do you spend your holidays ?”
Jack asked her where ____ holidays.
A. she spend her B. you spend your C. she spent her D. you spent your19.Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet ?”
Black asked me why ____ yet.
A. I hadn’t left there B. I haven’t left here C. hadn’t I left there D. haven’t I left here
20.The teacher asked her, “|Does the sun rise in the east ?”
The teacher asked her ____ the sun ____ in the east.
A. if…rise B. if…rises C. whether…rose D. whether did …rise
21. The man said to me, “Please send for a doctor now !”
The man ____ me _____ for a doctor.
A. ordered…to send…then B. told …send…now C. asked…to send…then D. asked…send…now22. The mother said, “Be friendly to others , son.”
The mother ______ friendly to others.
A. asked her son be B. ordered her son to be C. told her son be D. told her son to be
23. I said to my daughter, ”Don’t make any mistakes in it .”
I _____ my daughter +_____ any mistakes in it.
A. asked…don’t make B. ordered…didn’t make C. told…not to make D. told…to not make
24. He said, “Mr Black , introduce yourself to them, please.”
He ______ Mr Black ____ to them.
A. asked…to introduce yourself B. asked…to introduce himself
C. told…introduce yourself D. ordered…introduce himself.25. The teacher said to the boys ,”Pay attention to this.”
The teacher _____ the boys _____ attention to ______.
A. asked…pay…this B. ordered…to pay…this C. told…pay…that D. told…to pay…that
.26. The man shouted,” You don’t make so much noise.”
The man ____ too much noise.
A. ordered them not to make B. told you not to make
C. asked them to not make D. shouted you to not make
.27. The captain said,” Take hold of this end, man !”
The captain ____ the soldier ____ hold of +_____ end.
A. asked…to take…that B. asked…take…this C. ordered…to take…that D. ordered…take…this.28. The mother said,” Doctor, please save my son.”
The mother _____ son.
A. asked doctor save my B. asked the doctor to save her C. told doctor save my D. told the doctor to save her
29. He said to the soldiers,” Put down your guns at once.”
He _____ the soldiers ____ down ____ guns at once.
A. ordered…to put…their B. told…to put…their C. ordered…put…your D. told…put…your
30. She said that she ____ there for a long time.
A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. was living31. Tom told me that he _____.
A. will help me with my geography B. will help me for my geography
C. would help me with my geography D. would help me for my geography
32. She told me that her mother ____ for several days.
A. has been ill B. had been ill C. is ill D. was ill
.33. Please tell me ____ these books you like best.
A. what B. what of C. which D. which of34. He asked me _____ my home was.
A. what B. where C. which D. when
35. “_____?” she asked her son.
A. Where you have been B. Where you went C. Where had you been D. Where have you been
36. The boy said,” I don’t like dancing.”
The boy said ____ like dancing.
A. I don’t B. he doesn’t C. I didn’t D. that he didn’t37. She said to me, “ I’m living in a small village now “
A. She said to me she is living in a small village now B. She said to me that I am living in a small village now
C. She told me that she was living in a small village then D. She told me that she lived in a small village then.
B.38. The children said,” We had a football match today.”
The children said____ a football match _____.
A. they had…today B. they had had…that day C. we had…today D. we had had…that day
.39. The students said,” We have finished cleaning our classroom.”
The students said _____ cleaning _____ classroom.
A. they had finished…their B. they finished…their C. they have finished…their D. we had finished…our40 “If you aren’t here on time tomorrow.” Mr Black said to Jenny, “ I’ll write your parents about this .”
Mr Black told Jenny that _______.
A.he will write to her parents about this if she isn’t here on time tomorrow.
B.he would write to her parents about this if she wasn’t her on time the next day.
C.he would write to her parents about that if she wasn’t there on time the next day.
D.he was going to write to her parents about that if she wasn’t there on time the next day.
41.The boy often says, “ I’m going to be a player when I grow up.”
The boy often says ____ be a player when _____.
A. he was going to…he grew up B. he is going to…he grows up
C. he would…he grew up D. I was going to…I grew up42. The teacher said to us, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
The teacher said to us that light ____ much faster than sound.
A. will travel B. traveled C. travels D. was traveling
.43. “My brother joined the army in 1978.” Said Wei Fang.
Wei Fang said that her brother ____ the army in 1978.
A. joined B. had joined C. would join D. joins
44.My friend said,” You needn’t go”
A. My friend said that I needn’t go B. My friend told me not to go
C. My friend told you not to go D. My friend said that I didn’t have to go45. “Are you going to your home town this summer ?” he said.
A.He told me that I was going to my home town this summer.
B.He said that if I was going to my home town that summe
C.He asked me whether was I going to his home town this summer
D.He asked me if I was going to my home town that summer.
46. “ Would you like coffee or tea ?” asked Mother.
Mother asked us ______.
A. if I would like coffee and tea B. if would I like coffee or tea
C. whether I would like coffee or tea D. whether would I like coffer or tea47.He didn’t tell me _____ or go home.
A. whether to wait B. if to wait C. to wait D. if that she shout to wait
48 “Why didn’t you call me an hour ago ?” he said.
A.He asked me why I didn’t call him an hour ago
B.He said why I hadn’t called him an hour before
C.He asked why hadn’t I called him an hour before ?
D.He asked why I hadn’t called him an hour before49. Mother asked,” What has happened to you, Xiao Li ?”
A.Mother asked, Xiao Li, what has happened to you
B.Mother asked what had happened to Xiao Li
C.Mother asked Xiao Li what had happened to him
D.Mother asked Xiao Li what ha happened to you
50. He said to his son “ Put on more clothes”
A.He told his son to put on more clothes
B.He asked his son put on more clothes
C.He said to his son that he would put on more clothes
D.He told his son that he should put on more clothes
