模块1 Unit 1 Friendship
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| 名称 | 模块1 Unit 1 Friendship |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2008-08-31 19:22:00 | ||
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课件78张PPT。Pre-readingDoes a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or why not?What do you know about the World War II?Pre-reading-I----questions (2m)ReadingANNE’S BEST FRIENDBackground informationAnne FrankBorn on June 12, 1929 in Frankfurt, Germany;
Born In Jewish family;
Move to Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1934;
Hiding in rooms from 1942 to 1944 and keep writing a diary during this time;
Died at 16 years old;
Her diary published and translated into 31 languagesReading Do you know this girl?Anne Frank
1929 Born in Germany1933
Moved to AmsterdamFrom 1940
Hidden in a building for two years, writing diary1944
Discovered and was killed the next yearHer diary was published after the warBackground InformationAnne’s father : Otto FrankAnne’s mother:
Mrs. FrankAnne FrankAnne’s older sister:
Margot
Peter, who lived with the Franks in the attic(room below the roof of a house) 安妮·弗兰克的《安妮日记》后被译成55种文字，它的文学价值得到了世界各国读者的认同，并被改编成电影和话剧。 安妮在自己生日那天收到了一份礼物——一本日记本，并将其化名为Kitty，以书信的形式记日记。从日记的内容我们可以知道，安妮与朋友相处融合，是一个很普通的女孩子，日记上还记录着她在过着隐秘生活时与彼得得以接近，并喜欢上彼得的过程，以及她对战争的看法，从侧面表现出安妮的成熟与乐观。终于，不幸的事情发生了,他们被盖世太保们发现被分散收容了。安妮于1945年3月在纳粹集中营永远地闭上了眼睛。Peter was forced into a long march from the camp where he disappeared. When Margot died in March, 1945, Anne probably lose her desire to live. She died just before her 16th birthday and less than a month before the surviving Jews were liberated.Concentration
campThe Second World WarNazi crime Group work: Task OneAnne made her diary her best friend.Anne’s diary became her true friend during
the time she and her family had to hide away.Anne grew so crazy about everything to
do with nature.One night Anne stayed awake to have a look at the moon and another night she saw the night face to face.Scanning World War IINetherlands Anne her diary--Kitty over two yearsThursday 15,June,1944Fill in the form below.Reading method whenwherewhowhatwhyhowWhat did she do?
Why did she do that way?
How did she enjoy herself?She hid away .At the same time she kept a diary.She did that way in order not to be caught by the
German Nazis. She kept a diary. Scanning:Reading-II----scanning (2m)Task Three: Make a Choice!!!1. Anne and her family hid away for _____
A over a year, B over two years, C three years2. According to Anne, a true friend is a person ______________
A who makes you happy, B whom you can trust, C who could save your life3. Anne was crazy about nature because ______________
A she had always been so, B she had been outdoors too long, C she had been indoors too long4. Anne didn’t open the window when the moon was bright. That’s because__________
A her family might be discovered, B it was too cold outside, C her family might be disturbed①?Why did the windows stay closed?
②?How did Anne feel?
③ Guess the meanings of “spellbound”.They shut the windows in order not to
be found and caught by the Nazis.She was afraid of being found and at the same time wanted to touch the outside world. Task Four: Questions and Answers Spellbind, spellbound: interestedGuessing in groupsRead the dairy again and pay special attention to the boldfaced(粗体字的) words. Then discuss in groups the inside meanings of them. Then think of some other words or expressions to describe Anne’s feelings and thoughts.
Read the passage again and fill the following form:Blue sky, songs of birds, moonlight, flowers Never felt spellboundDarkness, rain, wind, thundering cloudsGrew crazy Reading-III----filling (4m)Homework Surf the Internet to find more information about Anne and to read more about Anne’s diary.Language points
for Reading IPhrases and Expressions1.deepest feelings and thoughts
最深刻的感情和思想2.?go through : 检查，经历
I went through the students’ papers last night.You really don’t know what we have gone through.
3.?hide(hid, hidden) away躲藏，隐藏4. set down=write down 记下，登记I don’t want to set down the facts.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months.There is a television series on this channel every night.There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing. 5. series (单复同形)
a series of + n (pl) 一连串，一系列6.?be/ get/ grow crazy about… 对…狂热1) The boy is crazy about skiing. 2) I have grown so crazy about everything to do with the nature.be crazy to do sth1) You are crazy to buy a car at such a high price.= It’s crazy of you to buy a car at such a high price.7.?stay (link v) + adj/ n1) I stayed awake through the thundering night.2) He stayed single all his life.3) Stay seated!坐在那别动! 8.?do sth on purpose：故意I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven
in order to have a good look at the moon
for once by myself. 9. happen to do sth. (似乎)碰巧I happened to be upstairs one evening. = He went to town in order that he could sell the painting. 10. in order to = so as to 为了…He went to town in order to sell the painting.11. Dare： 敢于，胆敢 But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window.dare具有情态动词和一般动词两种用法。He dares to do most things, but he doesn’t dare to do this.He daren’t speak English before so many people, dare he?12.?hold/ have sb in one’s power 控制住/ 摆布某人 The thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. 13. face to face 面对面地The two world leaders at last spoke face to face.
1) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。Outdoor adj.户外的
leading an outdoor life
过着户外的生活
Ourdoors adv.
it’s cold outdoors.2) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
3) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.
这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。stay awake
1.stay: 保持，表示待在一个地方或处在某种情况。
1). 他现在待在家里。
2). 一连三天都是好天气。
3). 商店一直开到八点。 He is staying in the house now. The weather stayed fine for three days. The shop stays open until 8 p.m.. 2. awake 醒着的
他睡着还是醒着？
Is he awake or asleep?awake 为表语形容词， 不做定语。类似词有：
afraid, alive, alone, asleep, etc.It /This is the first time that …(现在完成时)
It /That was the first time that …(过去完成时)1 有一段时间我步行上学。2 这是我第一次来北京。3 那是他第二次上班迟到。There was a time when I went to school on foot.This is the first time that I have been in Beijing.It was the third time that the man had been late for work.Go through
1 These countries have gone through too many wars.
2 It took us a whole week to go through the forest.
To my joy, she has gone through all the exams.
3 I had just gone through the work when the telephone rang.4 You must ____ your papers before you hand them in.
A. go down. B. go across. C. go out. D. go through.经历，经受穿过，通过完成，做完仔细检查D…make it the best friend make +宾语+ 宾补
1 安妮把他的日记当做最好的朋友。
2 这个有趣的故事使他很高兴。
3 他们把房子收拾得干净而整洁。
4 他们让男孩站在树下。
5 老师讲的很慢，以便能让学生理解他。(in order to )
Anne made her diary her best friend.The interesting story made him very happy.They have made the house clean and tidy.They made the boy stand under the tree.The teacher spoke very slowly in order to make herself understood. in order to / so as to
1).为了看清楚我带上了眼镜。
2). 为了取得进步，他学习努力了。
I put on my glasses in order to /so as to see it clearly, In order to make progress, he worked hard.2 so that/ in order that + 句子
1)I put on my glasses _______ I can see it clearly.2)为了让学生听懂， 老师讲得很慢。The teacher spoke slowly ____________ the students could understand him.much too + adj/ adv
too much (+ un) = more than enoughShe is afraid that the trip will be too much for me.
He doesn’t talk too much.
The dress is much too long for me.
I got into the taxi and the driver started off at once and drove much too fast.
It’s much too hot.It is / was …….that / who ………E.g. Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon
at his uncle’s home.1) It was Jack that / who broke a glass yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.(强调主语)2) It was a glass that Jack broke yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.（强调宾语）3) It was yesterday afternoon that Jack broke a glass at his uncle’s home.（强调时间状语）4) It was at his uncle’s home that Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon. （强调地点状语）
Phrases1add up
calm down
have got to
be concerned about
walk the dog
go through合计
平静下来
不得不; 必须
关心; 挂念
遛狗
经历; 经受
Phrases2cheat in exam
make a list of reasons
be crazy about
far too much/many
hold sb entirely in one’s power
get along with考试作弊
列出理由
对…狂热; 爱好
太多
控制住/摆布某人
与…相处；进展Phrases3hide away
set down
a series of
on purpose
in order to
face to face躲藏; 隐藏
放下；记下; 登记
一连串的; 一系列; 一套
故意
为了
面对面地 Ask the students to translate the following sentences by using have to and have got to , and please pay attention to their difference. You have to go now.
You have got to go now.
1. 你得走了。结论：
肯定句中二者意思和用法完全相同。
都含有 “It’s a duty to do something.”的意思。 3. 你得走了吗？2. 你不必走。You don’t have to go now.
You haven’t got to go now.
Do you have to go now?
Have you got to go now?结论：
在否定句和疑问句中， have to 需要加上助动词来构成；而have got to 则直接在have后加not或
把have提前来构成。The shoes are too big for me.What did he say?He said the shoes were too big for him.Grammar直接引语和间接引语Direct and Indirect Speech基本概念直接引述别人的原话。通常都用引号“”括起来。用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
直接引语间接引语直接引语
和间接引语PresentationBoys act one cartoon figure and says something.
Teacher asks “What did he/she say?”
Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teacher’s question.
Then boys and girls exchange.She said she had been to many countries.She said she would call on you the next day.I am good at dancing.I visited the Great Wall yesterday.She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.She said she was good at dancing.结论一直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.Do you like flowers?She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?Where are you going for your holiday?She asked me where I were going for my holiday.结论二直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
He ordered/told me to be quiet!Be quiet!He ordered/told me not to make noise.Don’t make noise!Follow me, please!He asked me to follow him.结论三直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.
并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。
5. 注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时态的变化2. 注意人称变化。3. 注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化1、人称的变化一
随
主二随宾第三
人称
不变
引号内的第一人
称变间引后与主
句主语的人称保
持一致引号内的第二人
称变间引后与主
句宾语的人称保
持一致引号内的第三人
称在变间引后人
称不变She said,“ I like
Tennis.”She said that she
liked tennis.He said to Lily,
“ you must get
up early.”He told Lily that
she must get up
early.She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him.”She told me that
they wanted to
help him.：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时一般过去时 过去完成时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the earth.”
The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.
特殊: 直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.2、时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 时 间 状 语 地点状语 方向性动词 this, that, these those
now, then, today that day
this week that week yesterday the day before
last week the week before
four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day
next month the next month
here there
come, go,bring take 、其他特殊变化3注意事项1)人称
2)时态
3)相应的时间地点状语
4)标点符号
5)大小写
6)问号改为句号
7)语序---疑问改陈述
8)宾语从句由什么引出
9)祈使句要使用动词不定式
来引述直接引语和间接引语正误例析 1.? “Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?” the young man asked.
?
?? ? The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live. (误)
?
?? ? The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.(正)
?
????? 简析:一般说来,直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。2.? “I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.
?
?? ? The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition. (误)
?
?? ? The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition. (正)
?
????? 简析:直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过去时态, 所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。
?3.? “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.
?
?? ? The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.(误)
?
?? ? The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.(正)
?
?? ?? 简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语,时态无需改变。4.“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
?
?? ?? Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening. (误)
?
?? ?? Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening. (正)
?
?? ?? 简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。
?5. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
?
?? The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday. (误)
?
?? The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before. (正)
?
?? 简析:直接引语变为间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如
?Exercises:1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.”2.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.”
3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”
He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work.He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.
5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah.
6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.
7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she didn’t like swimming.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.The teacher said，“Don’t be late，Mary. ”
The teacher told ____.
? A. Mary not to be late
B. Mary to be not late??????
C. Mary are not late?? D. not to be late
2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”
He asked her ____.
A. where she were going????
B. where she was going to
C. where she was going??
D. where she is going巩固提高3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”
The lady said that ____.
????A. she would come there on time????
B. she would come here on time
????C. she would got here on time????
D. he would got here on time
4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father
yesterday. ”
He told me he had written to his father ____.
???A. the yesterday???? B. before today????????
C. the day before D. the next day5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus?”
The teacher asked ____ for the bus.
????A. if I was waiting?? B. was I waiting
C. you are waiting???????? D. I was waiting
6. The professor said that light ____ faster than sound.
????A. travels???? B. traveled????????
C. travel D. traveled
7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her.
My mother said to me，“Show ____ homework. ”
????A. her my?????????? B. me your????????
C. her your??????? ? D. me his8. It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
9. I wonder how he ____ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying
C. not dare say D. dared say
The End
Born In Jewish family;
Move to Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1934;
Hiding in rooms from 1942 to 1944 and keep writing a diary during this time;
Died at 16 years old;
Her diary published and translated into 31 languagesReading Do you know this girl?Anne Frank
1929 Born in Germany1933
Moved to AmsterdamFrom 1940
Hidden in a building for two years, writing diary1944
Discovered and was killed the next yearHer diary was published after the warBackground InformationAnne’s father : Otto FrankAnne’s mother:
Mrs. FrankAnne FrankAnne’s older sister:
Margot
Peter, who lived with the Franks in the attic(room below the roof of a house) 安妮·弗兰克的《安妮日记》后被译成55种文字，它的文学价值得到了世界各国读者的认同，并被改编成电影和话剧。 安妮在自己生日那天收到了一份礼物——一本日记本，并将其化名为Kitty，以书信的形式记日记。从日记的内容我们可以知道，安妮与朋友相处融合，是一个很普通的女孩子，日记上还记录着她在过着隐秘生活时与彼得得以接近，并喜欢上彼得的过程，以及她对战争的看法，从侧面表现出安妮的成熟与乐观。终于，不幸的事情发生了,他们被盖世太保们发现被分散收容了。安妮于1945年3月在纳粹集中营永远地闭上了眼睛。Peter was forced into a long march from the camp where he disappeared. When Margot died in March, 1945, Anne probably lose her desire to live. She died just before her 16th birthday and less than a month before the surviving Jews were liberated.Concentration
campThe Second World WarNazi crime Group work: Task OneAnne made her diary her best friend.Anne’s diary became her true friend during
the time she and her family had to hide away.Anne grew so crazy about everything to
do with nature.One night Anne stayed awake to have a look at the moon and another night she saw the night face to face.Scanning World War IINetherlands Anne her diary--Kitty over two yearsThursday 15,June,1944Fill in the form below.Reading method whenwherewhowhatwhyhowWhat did she do?
Why did she do that way?
How did she enjoy herself?She hid away .At the same time she kept a diary.She did that way in order not to be caught by the
German Nazis. She kept a diary. Scanning:Reading-II----scanning (2m)Task Three: Make a Choice!!!1. Anne and her family hid away for _____
A over a year, B over two years, C three years2. According to Anne, a true friend is a person ______________
A who makes you happy, B whom you can trust, C who could save your life3. Anne was crazy about nature because ______________
A she had always been so, B she had been outdoors too long, C she had been indoors too long4. Anne didn’t open the window when the moon was bright. That’s because__________
A her family might be discovered, B it was too cold outside, C her family might be disturbed①?Why did the windows stay closed?
②?How did Anne feel?
③ Guess the meanings of “spellbound”.They shut the windows in order not to
be found and caught by the Nazis.She was afraid of being found and at the same time wanted to touch the outside world. Task Four: Questions and Answers Spellbind, spellbound: interestedGuessing in groupsRead the dairy again and pay special attention to the boldfaced(粗体字的) words. Then discuss in groups the inside meanings of them. Then think of some other words or expressions to describe Anne’s feelings and thoughts.
Read the passage again and fill the following form:Blue sky, songs of birds, moonlight, flowers Never felt spellboundDarkness, rain, wind, thundering cloudsGrew crazy Reading-III----filling (4m)Homework Surf the Internet to find more information about Anne and to read more about Anne’s diary.Language points
for Reading IPhrases and Expressions1.deepest feelings and thoughts
最深刻的感情和思想2.?go through : 检查，经历
I went through the students’ papers last night.You really don’t know what we have gone through.
3.?hide(hid, hidden) away躲藏，隐藏4. set down=write down 记下，登记I don’t want to set down the facts.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months.There is a television series on this channel every night.There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing. 5. series (单复同形)
a series of + n (pl) 一连串，一系列6.?be/ get/ grow crazy about… 对…狂热1) The boy is crazy about skiing. 2) I have grown so crazy about everything to do with the nature.be crazy to do sth1) You are crazy to buy a car at such a high price.= It’s crazy of you to buy a car at such a high price.7.?stay (link v) + adj/ n1) I stayed awake through the thundering night.2) He stayed single all his life.3) Stay seated!坐在那别动! 8.?do sth on purpose：故意I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven
in order to have a good look at the moon
for once by myself. 9. happen to do sth. (似乎)碰巧I happened to be upstairs one evening. = He went to town in order that he could sell the painting. 10. in order to = so as to 为了…He went to town in order to sell the painting.11. Dare： 敢于，胆敢 But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window.dare具有情态动词和一般动词两种用法。He dares to do most things, but he doesn’t dare to do this.He daren’t speak English before so many people, dare he?12.?hold/ have sb in one’s power 控制住/ 摆布某人 The thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. 13. face to face 面对面地The two world leaders at last spoke face to face.
1) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。Outdoor adj.户外的
leading an outdoor life
过着户外的生活
Ourdoors adv.
it’s cold outdoors.2) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
3) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.
这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。stay awake
1.stay: 保持，表示待在一个地方或处在某种情况。
1). 他现在待在家里。
2). 一连三天都是好天气。
3). 商店一直开到八点。 He is staying in the house now. The weather stayed fine for three days. The shop stays open until 8 p.m.. 2. awake 醒着的
他睡着还是醒着？
Is he awake or asleep?awake 为表语形容词， 不做定语。类似词有：
afraid, alive, alone, asleep, etc.It /This is the first time that …(现在完成时)
It /That was the first time that …(过去完成时)1 有一段时间我步行上学。2 这是我第一次来北京。3 那是他第二次上班迟到。There was a time when I went to school on foot.This is the first time that I have been in Beijing.It was the third time that the man had been late for work.Go through
1 These countries have gone through too many wars.
2 It took us a whole week to go through the forest.
To my joy, she has gone through all the exams.
3 I had just gone through the work when the telephone rang.4 You must ____ your papers before you hand them in.
A. go down. B. go across. C. go out. D. go through.经历，经受穿过，通过完成，做完仔细检查D…make it the best friend make +宾语+ 宾补
1 安妮把他的日记当做最好的朋友。
2 这个有趣的故事使他很高兴。
3 他们把房子收拾得干净而整洁。
4 他们让男孩站在树下。
5 老师讲的很慢，以便能让学生理解他。(in order to )
Anne made her diary her best friend.The interesting story made him very happy.They have made the house clean and tidy.They made the boy stand under the tree.The teacher spoke very slowly in order to make herself understood. in order to / so as to
1).为了看清楚我带上了眼镜。
2). 为了取得进步，他学习努力了。
I put on my glasses in order to /so as to see it clearly, In order to make progress, he worked hard.2 so that/ in order that + 句子
1)I put on my glasses _______ I can see it clearly.2)为了让学生听懂， 老师讲得很慢。The teacher spoke slowly ____________ the students could understand him.much too + adj/ adv
too much (+ un) = more than enoughShe is afraid that the trip will be too much for me.
He doesn’t talk too much.
The dress is much too long for me.
I got into the taxi and the driver started off at once and drove much too fast.
It’s much too hot.It is / was …….that / who ………E.g. Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon
at his uncle’s home.1) It was Jack that / who broke a glass yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.(强调主语)2) It was a glass that Jack broke yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.（强调宾语）3) It was yesterday afternoon that Jack broke a glass at his uncle’s home.（强调时间状语）4) It was at his uncle’s home that Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon. （强调地点状语）
Phrases1add up
calm down
have got to
be concerned about
walk the dog
go through合计
平静下来
不得不; 必须
关心; 挂念
遛狗
经历; 经受
Phrases2cheat in exam
make a list of reasons
be crazy about
far too much/many
hold sb entirely in one’s power
get along with考试作弊
列出理由
对…狂热; 爱好
太多
控制住/摆布某人
与…相处；进展Phrases3hide away
set down
a series of
on purpose
in order to
face to face躲藏; 隐藏
放下；记下; 登记
一连串的; 一系列; 一套
故意
为了
面对面地 Ask the students to translate the following sentences by using have to and have got to , and please pay attention to their difference. You have to go now.
You have got to go now.
1. 你得走了。结论：
肯定句中二者意思和用法完全相同。
都含有 “It’s a duty to do something.”的意思。 3. 你得走了吗？2. 你不必走。You don’t have to go now.
You haven’t got to go now.
Do you have to go now?
Have you got to go now?结论：
在否定句和疑问句中， have to 需要加上助动词来构成；而have got to 则直接在have后加not或
把have提前来构成。The shoes are too big for me.What did he say?He said the shoes were too big for him.Grammar直接引语和间接引语Direct and Indirect Speech基本概念直接引述别人的原话。通常都用引号“”括起来。用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
直接引语间接引语直接引语
和间接引语PresentationBoys act one cartoon figure and says something.
Teacher asks “What did he/she say?”
Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teacher’s question.
Then boys and girls exchange.She said she had been to many countries.She said she would call on you the next day.I am good at dancing.I visited the Great Wall yesterday.She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.She said she was good at dancing.结论一直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.Do you like flowers?She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?Where are you going for your holiday?She asked me where I were going for my holiday.结论二直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
He ordered/told me to be quiet!Be quiet!He ordered/told me not to make noise.Don’t make noise!Follow me, please!He asked me to follow him.结论三直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.
并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。
5. 注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时态的变化2. 注意人称变化。3. 注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化1、人称的变化一
随
主二随宾第三
人称
不变
引号内的第一人
称变间引后与主
句主语的人称保
持一致引号内的第二人
称变间引后与主
句宾语的人称保
持一致引号内的第三人
称在变间引后人
称不变She said,“ I like
Tennis.”She said that she
liked tennis.He said to Lily,
“ you must get
up early.”He told Lily that
she must get up
early.She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him.”She told me that
they wanted to
help him.：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时一般过去时 过去完成时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the earth.”
The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.
特殊: 直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.2、时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 时 间 状 语 地点状语 方向性动词 this, that, these those
now, then, today that day
this week that week yesterday the day before
last week the week before
four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day
next month the next month
here there
come, go,bring take 、其他特殊变化3注意事项1)人称
2)时态
3)相应的时间地点状语
4)标点符号
5)大小写
6)问号改为句号
7)语序---疑问改陈述
8)宾语从句由什么引出
9)祈使句要使用动词不定式
来引述直接引语和间接引语正误例析 1.? “Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?” the young man asked.
?
?? ? The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live. (误)
?
?? ? The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.(正)
?
????? 简析:一般说来,直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。2.? “I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.
?
?? ? The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition. (误)
?
?? ? The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition. (正)
?
????? 简析:直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过去时态, 所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。
?3.? “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.
?
?? ? The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.(误)
?
?? ? The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.(正)
?
?? ?? 简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语,时态无需改变。4.“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
?
?? ?? Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening. (误)
?
?? ?? Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening. (正)
?
?? ?? 简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。
?5. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
?
?? The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday. (误)
?
?? The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before. (正)
?
?? 简析:直接引语变为间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如
?Exercises:1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.”2.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.”
3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”
He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work.He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.
5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah.
6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.
7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she didn’t like swimming.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.The teacher said，“Don’t be late，Mary. ”
The teacher told ____.
? A. Mary not to be late
B. Mary to be not late??????
C. Mary are not late?? D. not to be late
2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”
He asked her ____.
A. where she were going????
B. where she was going to
C. where she was going??
D. where she is going巩固提高3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”
The lady said that ____.
????A. she would come there on time????
B. she would come here on time
????C. she would got here on time????
D. he would got here on time
4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father
yesterday. ”
He told me he had written to his father ____.
???A. the yesterday???? B. before today????????
C. the day before D. the next day5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus?”
The teacher asked ____ for the bus.
????A. if I was waiting?? B. was I waiting
C. you are waiting???????? D. I was waiting
6. The professor said that light ____ faster than sound.
????A. travels???? B. traveled????????
C. travel D. traveled
7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her.
My mother said to me，“Show ____ homework. ”
????A. her my?????????? B. me your????????
C. her your??????? ? D. me his8. It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
9. I wonder how he ____ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying
C. not dare say D. dared say
The End