Unit 1 Great Scientists Language points
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Great Scientists Language points |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2008-09-06 22:58:00 | ||
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课件41张PPT。
Unit 1 Great scientistsLanguage pointsWarming UpWhich scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?
第一个that引导宾语从句，可以省略，第二个that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，不能省略，但可以换成which。
2. Who used peas to show how physical characteristic are passed from parents to their children?
☆ characteristic n. [C] 特征；特性
众所周知，塞车是大城市的一大特色。 ________________, traffic jams are
___________________________
As is known to alla main characteristic of big cities.▲ character characteristic
一个人可能只有一种性格(character), 但是可能有多种特点或特征(characteristic)。
1. It is reported that ZhangZiyi is likely to be the _______________(主角)in the film. 2. Our goal is to build socialism with _______________________(中国特色) leading characterChinese characteristic3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?
☆ put forward 提出(要求、计划、理论等)
昨天会上有更好的计划被提了出来。
_______________________________ _________________ A better plan was put forward at the meeting yesterday.put aside节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；把……放在一边
put away储存（钱）；放好
put back拨慢；搁置
put down放下；记下；击败；使（飞机）着陆； put off延期；推迟
put on上演；穿上；戴上
put out熄灭；关掉；扑灭
put through接通电话；完成
put up with忍受；忍耐
put into action/effect/practice实施；实行4. draw a conclusion = make a conclusion ☆他得出的结论是他所做的一切都是没用的.
he drew a conclusion that all he had done was useless.
draw / arrive at / come to / reach a conclusion
下结论Reading5. John Snow defeats “King Cholera”
☆ defeat v. 打败、战胜 n.失败
Our team suffered another defeat.
▲ defeat beat win
We __________ their team by 10 points.
They __________ the battle but lost many men.
Bill _______ first prize for swimming.
In the end their army was __________.☆ defeat/beat一般接sb.作宾语，
beat侧重指比赛，而defeat也可指
战场上战胜的对手。而win后接sth.，表示”荣获、赢得”。beatwonwondefeaten6. He attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
☆ attend出席、参加； ▲ attend; take part in; join in; join
He’ll __________ an important meeting tomorrow.
His wish is to _________ the army after graduation.
Almost all the teams in the city ________ the basketball tournament last year.
We usually ____________ some social activities during the summer vacation.attendjoinjoined intake part in总结join加入组织，团体，党派等，有作为其中的一个成员的含义。 join也可以加人，表示和某人一起参加某活动。既join sb. in (doing) sth.
join in 则是加入一种具体活动
attend 则是加入会议，上课，婚礼，葬礼等 take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。 ☆ attend (on /upon)照顾；看护
病人受到很好的照顾。__________________________
她日夜在医院护理父亲。
________________________________ __________ She attends his father day and night in the hospital.The patient was well attended.☆ attend to处理；办理；注意
目前必须注意环境污染问题。
Environment pollution ____________________
我有很多重要事情要处理。
____________________________________should be attended to.I have many important things
to attend to.☆ expose to 暴露、揭露
be exposed to+暴露所面向的对象 The newspaper exposed the officer as a spy. 不要把你的皮肤暴露在阳光下。
_____________________________
☆ ___________ his friend, he felt sad and would be sentenced to death. A. Exposing to B. Exposed to
C. Exposing by D. Exposed by Don’t expose your skin to the sun.7. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood ☆ cure sb of sth = cure sb’s sth
This doctor ____________________
(治好了我的咳嗽) 目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。
_____________________________cure me of my cough.There is no good cure to the cold.动词 + sb + of sth”的常见动词 accuse sb of sth控告某人犯某事（罪），指责某人做某事=charge sb.with sth. cheat sb of sth骗取某人某物 cure sb of sth治好某人的病 inform sb of sth通知某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想起某情况 rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb of sth警告某人有某情况 ▲ cure treat
The doctor _________ her headache with a new medicine, but didn’t _____ her.
When he left hospital, he was completely ________.
★ treat 表示治疗的过程,treat sb. for sth.;
cure 强调结果, 表示治愈treatedcurecured8. control ▲ in control of out of control in / under the control of
The car was ___________ and ran into a wall. Mrs. Wilson was___________ the money in this company. The fire spread quickly but soon was ____________ the firemen. out of controlin control ofin / under the control of9. absorb 吸收, 使专心, Black clothes can easily absorb heat Henry is a clever boy and he absorbs knowledge faster than the others in his class. The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale.
☆ be absorbed in ___________
__________ (absorb) in the computer games, the boy no longer put his heart into study.Absorbed全神贯注于10. severe adj. _____________
☆ serious与severe都可表示”严重”之义， 但severe程度更重。 ☆ 当我总是上学迟到时，我的老师变得严厉起来。 ___________________________________________________________严重的When I was always late for school, my teacher became severe with me.10. suspect vt. 怀疑,觉得
☆ suspect sb. of sth.
suspect sb. to do sth.
我猜想他病了. ________________________________.
他们怀疑他谋杀. _________________________________.I suspect that he is ill.They suspected him of murder.▲ suspect doubt
The police _________ him to be the pickpocket.
I ________ that we will arrive on time.
He seems poor, but I ________ that he has quite a lot of money.
suspect “怀疑 …… 是……”表示相信;
doubt “怀疑 …… 不是……”表示不相信;suspecteddoubtsuspect14. It seemed the water was to blame.
☆ be to blame表示”应受责备”，主动形式表示被动意义。 ☆ blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人
lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事怪到某人头上 She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.
=She ____ the blame for the failure of their marriage ____ him.
司机应该对这起事故负责。
_____________________________The driver is to blame for the accident.layson12. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.
☆ look into ____________________
look down upon _______________
look forward to _______________
look up ______________________ look out _____________________
look through __________________ 快速浏览小心向上看、查阅期盼看不起调查
13. link to___________(常用于被动语态)
☆ 心脏病与吸烟有联系。
_____________________________和……联系Heart disease is linked to smoking.14. With this extra evidence,(伴随状语) John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.
☆ announced后一般不接sb做宾语。
with certainty “有把握地”
☆ It is announced that…… 据称……
这则消息经由电视向大众宣布。_______________________________ _____
我也说不准我下周在什么地方。__________________________________________ 我敢说他这次考试一定会不及格。________________________________________I can’t say with certainty where I will be next week.I can say with certainty that he will fail the exam.The news was announced to the public on TV.15. instruct → instruction →instructions →instructor ☆ follow the instructions ________
instruct sb to do sth _____________
Please take the medicine __________ __________ (按照说明)on the bottle.按照说明指示某人做某事 following the instructions16. apart from除了……之外,此外 ▲ besides, in addition (to), apart from, except, except for, but
There were other teachers present __________ Mr. Black. This house is quite good __________ two broken windows. __________ teaching in the school, she gives piano lessons to some children at homebesidesexcept forIn addition to,Everyone attended the meeting ___________ the secretary. At the time he could turn to nobody ____________ Gary. Paul is famous for his hard work. ____________, he is so honest that we all trust him. exceptbutIn addition★ besides = in addition表示“除了……之外，还有……” except表示除去的是同类事物。 except for表示“从整体中除去”, 除去的不是同类事物，在语气上通常表示遗憾。 but与except同义,但but多用在every, any, no等和由这些词构成的复合词及
all, none之后. apart from具有多重意义；既可表示besides,也可表示except。17. be strict with sb in sth ☆他在学习方面对学生很严格。
___________________________He is strict with his students in study.Reading－II18. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. ☆ only+状语放于句首,句子部分倒装; 本句中only加强if的意义，意为”只有” 只有努力学习，你才能通过考试。____________________________________ Only if you study hard can you pass the exam.▲ only if if only
I will attend the party ______________ time permits.
____________ I could fly.
____________ he had known about it.
____________ I get a part-time job can I have enough money to continue my studies at college. only ifIf onlyIf onlyOnly if19. make sense有意义、有道理 ☆ make sense of 了解…的意义，理解…(常用于否定句跟疑问句) 我听不懂你说的话。_____________________________I can’t make sense of what you say.20. be cautious about/of…
He is cautious about making a promise.
▲ cautious careful
The doctor made a ___________ examination on the patient and found nothing wrong.
He is ____________in his choice of words.carefulcautiouscautious 着重考虑事情的后果,谨慎留意,防止出错;
careful侧重做事谨慎,细心特别注意一些细节地方。21. reject : refuse to accept … ▲ reject refuse
They ________ to bow to the force. To our disappointment, our suggestion was _______ by our teacher.
The company __________ their plan.
She _________ their invitation.refusedrefusedrejectedrejected★ reject强调当面拒绝接受对方的申请、提议等，后面不接不定式。 careful强调拒绝邀请等，后可接不定式。
Unit 1 Great scientistsLanguage pointsWarming UpWhich scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?
第一个that引导宾语从句，可以省略，第二个that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，不能省略，但可以换成which。
2. Who used peas to show how physical characteristic are passed from parents to their children?
☆ characteristic n. [C] 特征；特性
众所周知，塞车是大城市的一大特色。 ________________, traffic jams are
___________________________
As is known to alla main characteristic of big cities.▲ character characteristic
一个人可能只有一种性格(character), 但是可能有多种特点或特征(characteristic)。
1. It is reported that ZhangZiyi is likely to be the _______________(主角)in the film. 2. Our goal is to build socialism with _______________________(中国特色) leading characterChinese characteristic3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?
☆ put forward 提出(要求、计划、理论等)
昨天会上有更好的计划被提了出来。
_______________________________ _________________ A better plan was put forward at the meeting yesterday.put aside节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；把……放在一边
put away储存（钱）；放好
put back拨慢；搁置
put down放下；记下；击败；使（飞机）着陆； put off延期；推迟
put on上演；穿上；戴上
put out熄灭；关掉；扑灭
put through接通电话；完成
put up with忍受；忍耐
put into action/effect/practice实施；实行4. draw a conclusion = make a conclusion ☆他得出的结论是他所做的一切都是没用的.
he drew a conclusion that all he had done was useless.
draw / arrive at / come to / reach a conclusion
下结论Reading5. John Snow defeats “King Cholera”
☆ defeat v. 打败、战胜 n.失败
Our team suffered another defeat.
▲ defeat beat win
We __________ their team by 10 points.
They __________ the battle but lost many men.
Bill _______ first prize for swimming.
In the end their army was __________.☆ defeat/beat一般接sb.作宾语，
beat侧重指比赛，而defeat也可指
战场上战胜的对手。而win后接sth.，表示”荣获、赢得”。beatwonwondefeaten6. He attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
☆ attend出席、参加； ▲ attend; take part in; join in; join
He’ll __________ an important meeting tomorrow.
His wish is to _________ the army after graduation.
Almost all the teams in the city ________ the basketball tournament last year.
We usually ____________ some social activities during the summer vacation.attendjoinjoined intake part in总结join加入组织，团体，党派等，有作为其中的一个成员的含义。 join也可以加人，表示和某人一起参加某活动。既join sb. in (doing) sth.
join in 则是加入一种具体活动
attend 则是加入会议，上课，婚礼，葬礼等 take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。 ☆ attend (on /upon)照顾；看护
病人受到很好的照顾。__________________________
她日夜在医院护理父亲。
________________________________ __________ She attends his father day and night in the hospital.The patient was well attended.☆ attend to处理；办理；注意
目前必须注意环境污染问题。
Environment pollution ____________________
我有很多重要事情要处理。
____________________________________should be attended to.I have many important things
to attend to.☆ expose to 暴露、揭露
be exposed to+暴露所面向的对象 The newspaper exposed the officer as a spy. 不要把你的皮肤暴露在阳光下。
_____________________________
☆ ___________ his friend, he felt sad and would be sentenced to death. A. Exposing to B. Exposed to
C. Exposing by D. Exposed by Don’t expose your skin to the sun.7. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood ☆ cure sb of sth = cure sb’s sth
This doctor ____________________
(治好了我的咳嗽) 目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。
_____________________________cure me of my cough.There is no good cure to the cold.动词 + sb + of sth”的常见动词 accuse sb of sth控告某人犯某事（罪），指责某人做某事=charge sb.with sth. cheat sb of sth骗取某人某物 cure sb of sth治好某人的病 inform sb of sth通知某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想起某情况 rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb of sth警告某人有某情况 ▲ cure treat
The doctor _________ her headache with a new medicine, but didn’t _____ her.
When he left hospital, he was completely ________.
★ treat 表示治疗的过程,treat sb. for sth.;
cure 强调结果, 表示治愈treatedcurecured8. control ▲ in control of out of control in / under the control of
The car was ___________ and ran into a wall. Mrs. Wilson was___________ the money in this company. The fire spread quickly but soon was ____________ the firemen. out of controlin control ofin / under the control of9. absorb 吸收, 使专心, Black clothes can easily absorb heat Henry is a clever boy and he absorbs knowledge faster than the others in his class. The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale.
☆ be absorbed in ___________
__________ (absorb) in the computer games, the boy no longer put his heart into study.Absorbed全神贯注于10. severe adj. _____________
☆ serious与severe都可表示”严重”之义， 但severe程度更重。 ☆ 当我总是上学迟到时，我的老师变得严厉起来。 ___________________________________________________________严重的When I was always late for school, my teacher became severe with me.10. suspect vt. 怀疑,觉得
☆ suspect sb. of sth.
suspect sb. to do sth.
我猜想他病了. ________________________________.
他们怀疑他谋杀. _________________________________.I suspect that he is ill.They suspected him of murder.▲ suspect doubt
The police _________ him to be the pickpocket.
I ________ that we will arrive on time.
He seems poor, but I ________ that he has quite a lot of money.
suspect “怀疑 …… 是……”表示相信;
doubt “怀疑 …… 不是……”表示不相信;suspecteddoubtsuspect14. It seemed the water was to blame.
☆ be to blame表示”应受责备”，主动形式表示被动意义。 ☆ blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人
lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事怪到某人头上 She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.
=She ____ the blame for the failure of their marriage ____ him.
司机应该对这起事故负责。
_____________________________The driver is to blame for the accident.layson12. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.
☆ look into ____________________
look down upon _______________
look forward to _______________
look up ______________________ look out _____________________
look through __________________ 快速浏览小心向上看、查阅期盼看不起调查
13. link to___________(常用于被动语态)
☆ 心脏病与吸烟有联系。
_____________________________和……联系Heart disease is linked to smoking.14. With this extra evidence,(伴随状语) John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.
☆ announced后一般不接sb做宾语。
with certainty “有把握地”
☆ It is announced that…… 据称……
这则消息经由电视向大众宣布。_______________________________ _____
我也说不准我下周在什么地方。__________________________________________ 我敢说他这次考试一定会不及格。________________________________________I can’t say with certainty where I will be next week.I can say with certainty that he will fail the exam.The news was announced to the public on TV.15. instruct → instruction →instructions →instructor ☆ follow the instructions ________
instruct sb to do sth _____________
Please take the medicine __________ __________ (按照说明)on the bottle.按照说明指示某人做某事 following the instructions16. apart from除了……之外,此外 ▲ besides, in addition (to), apart from, except, except for, but
There were other teachers present __________ Mr. Black. This house is quite good __________ two broken windows. __________ teaching in the school, she gives piano lessons to some children at homebesidesexcept forIn addition to,Everyone attended the meeting ___________ the secretary. At the time he could turn to nobody ____________ Gary. Paul is famous for his hard work. ____________, he is so honest that we all trust him. exceptbutIn addition★ besides = in addition表示“除了……之外，还有……” except表示除去的是同类事物。 except for表示“从整体中除去”, 除去的不是同类事物，在语气上通常表示遗憾。 but与except同义,但but多用在every, any, no等和由这些词构成的复合词及
all, none之后. apart from具有多重意义；既可表示besides,也可表示except。17. be strict with sb in sth ☆他在学习方面对学生很严格。
___________________________He is strict with his students in study.Reading－II18. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. ☆ only+状语放于句首,句子部分倒装; 本句中only加强if的意义，意为”只有” 只有努力学习，你才能通过考试。____________________________________ Only if you study hard can you pass the exam.▲ only if if only
I will attend the party ______________ time permits.
____________ I could fly.
____________ he had known about it.
____________ I get a part-time job can I have enough money to continue my studies at college. only ifIf onlyIf onlyOnly if19. make sense有意义、有道理 ☆ make sense of 了解…的意义，理解…(常用于否定句跟疑问句) 我听不懂你说的话。_____________________________I can’t make sense of what you say.20. be cautious about/of…
He is cautious about making a promise.
▲ cautious careful
The doctor made a ___________ examination on the patient and found nothing wrong.
He is ____________in his choice of words.carefulcautiouscautious 着重考虑事情的后果,谨慎留意,防止出错;
careful侧重做事谨慎,细心特别注意一些细节地方。21. reject : refuse to accept … ▲ reject refuse
They ________ to bow to the force. To our disappointment, our suggestion was _______ by our teacher.
The company __________ their plan.
She _________ their invitation.refusedrefusedrejectedrejected★ reject强调当面拒绝接受对方的申请、提议等，后面不接不定式。 careful强调拒绝邀请等，后可接不定式。