主谓一致（英语讲解）
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课件58张PPT。Subject-verb
AgreementMy name is Tom.My hobbies are reading, listening to music, sports and watching movies. What I like best is watching movies. Fourteen years have passed since I began teaching. Fourteen years is a long time. Discovering useful structures:To be a teacher is a kind of happiness.Having classes always makes me feel so good. My students like me and their parents respect me, which makes me feel so content. Mathematics is really hard. In my class many a student is poor in mathematics. Subject –verb Agreement
主语 谓语 一致Grammar :Rule 1:
Singular nouns are used with singular verbs. Plural nouns are used with plural verbs. e.g.This book is mine and those are yours. Collective nouns(集体名词) can have a singular or plural verb. If the noun refers to the unit as a whole, the verb is singular. If it refers to the individual members of a unit, the verb is plural. e.g.The boys’ team has some good players, but the girls’ is a better one.My family were watching TV when the electricity was suddenly off.Rule 2:Fill in the blanks with the suitable verbs.???? 1. The research group ____ made up of five people.
?? 2. What ___ the group want for their lunch?
????? 3. Our family ____ not poor any more.
4. He has to be hurry. His family ___ waiting for him. isdoisare 5. The class ____ more than forty in number.
6. The class ______ disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.
7. The government ______spent more than two million yuan for planting trees.
8. The city government _____ different opinions about next year’s plan.
ishavehashaveNow let’s learn more about subject-verb agreement:Rule 3:
当“with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than +名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 1. A library with four thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift.
A is offered B has offered
C are offered D have offered ?2. Liu Feng together with her brother _____ to see you this afternoon.
A are to come B are coming
C comes D is coming3．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
4．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed?? Rule 4：
many a (n.), more than one +单数名词（表复数意义：许多） +动词用单数形式 5. Many a student ______ that mistake before.
A has made B have made
C is making D are making 6.More than one student _______(have ) been to Beijing.
has7. More than one answer _____ to the question.
A have been given B has been given
C were given D had given 8.Many a student ______ collecting stamps.
like B. liking
C. is like D. likes
Rule 5:
并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。9)The writer and worker______ (be) coming to our school tomorrow.
??????????
10)The writer and the worker _____ (be) coming to our school tomorrow.
???????isare?13) Mary and Rose ____________(like) English. 12).A cart and horse (马车)__________ (see) in the distance.
11) The engineer and writer ______(work) in their factory.14) Bread and butter ______ (be) my favorite food.workswas/is seenlikeisRule 6：
在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。15) There ______ a dog near the door.
16) There ______ no schools in this area before liberation.
17) Here _______ (come)the bus.
18) On the wall _____ two famous paintings.
19) Here _____ Mr. Brown and his children.
iswerecomesare/wereis
20）Each takes a cup of tea.
21）Either is correct.
22）Neither of them likes this picture.
Rule 7 当each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Rule 8
关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 23）Those who ____ (want) to go please sign their names here.
24）Anyone who ___ (be) against this opinion may speak out.
25）He is one of the students who _____ (be) praised at the meeting.
He is the only one of the students who ____ (be) praised at the meeting. wantiswerewasRule 9
表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。26）Three years _____ not a long time.
27）Ten dollars _____ what he needs.
28）Five hundred miles _____ a long distance. isisis比较：
More than fifty years have passed since they got married.强调数量Rule 10:
若or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。29）Either you or I ____ going to the movies.
?30）Not only you but also he ___ wrong.
31)Neither the students nor the teacher _______(know) anything about it.????????? 32)He or you _______?(have)taken my pen.?haveknows isamRule 11:
形复意单名词如news; means, politics, physics, plastics; mathematics, economics;等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.
Politics _____(be) very important.
Physics ____(be) very interesting.
35）Mathematics _________(seem) to be difficult to learn.
Every means ______ (have)been tried. isisseemshas
对比选择填空：1．a. He is the only one of the students that _______ got full mark.
b. He is one of the students that ______ got full mark.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
hashave2. a. Three fourths of the teachers present _____ against the plan.
b. Three fourths of the surface of the earth ______ covered with water.
A. is B. are C. was D. wereB DA3. a. What she wants ____ more time.
b. What she wants ____ more sheep.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
isare4. a. I can work out two of the five problems, but the rest
______ too difficult for me.
b. I have finished one third of the work and the rest _____ left for you.
A. is B. are C. has D. haveareis5. a. The population of the small country _____ 600,000.
b. Two thirds of the population in this small country ____ farmers.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
isare6. a. The basketball team ______ baths now.
b. The basketball team ______ 5 members.
A. has B. is having
C. are having D. have
are havinghasRule 12: one and a half +n.(复)
V. →(单)
One and a half bananas is left on the table.谓语动词用复数形式1.The police ______looking for the lost boy.复数名词作主语时。are E.g: People in the city have known the secret.2.There_____three bottles of ink on the desk.不可数名词前面有表数量的名词时。areE.g: Three million tons of coal were exported
last year.3.One or two persons_______with him.One or two +复数名词作主语时。agree4.Few of us______the book.few 或a few，many作主语时。like谓语动词用单数还是复数，要看情形而定1.All_____ here .Let’s begin the meeting . All______ready.Let’s begin the meeting.What ,who, which ,any ,more,most,all等代词作主语时，由意思决定单复数。areis2. It is I who______on duty today. It is Tom that_______ill.在It is + 名词或代词+that /who + …的强调句中,谓语动词要与所强调的名词或代词一致。amis3. My brother and I both_______seen the film. The poet and writer_______ come.两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词一般用复数；但当所连接的两个词是指同一观念或同一个人时，谓语动词用单数。havehas4. The whole family ______ going there. My family ________ very well.group ,class,family, team, army, company等词作主语时，如果视为整体，用单数；视为一个个的个体，用复数。isare5.Neither he nor I _______ been to Beijing. _______either you or he going there? either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also,there be, not … but句型用就近原则haveAre either…or用于疑问句，动词跟前一个主语一致。6.Some of us_______ sports. Some of the money______missing.Some,any , none ,all,most,half, the rest,one of ,a lot of ,one third of 等词后接代词或名词作主语时，由代词或名词决定单复数。likewas7.Each student in our class_______a dictionary. We each _______ a dictionaryEach作主语或所修饰的名词作主语，用单数；如果位于复数名词或代词之后作同位语，用复数。hashave8.The population of China _______ the largest in the world. At present about 28% of Chinese population __________ population作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但几分之几或百分之几+of +population作主语时，用复数。issmoke9.My brother,and not I______playing football.两个主语，一个是肯定的，一个是否定的，谓语动词与肯定的主语保持数和人称一致。likes10.The number of people who travel by air ______larger than before. A number of other plants______founded in America.the number of +复数名词作主语时，用单数； a number of +复数名词作主语时，用复数。iswere11.Three plus three_________ six. One times two _______________ two.在加减乘除的算式中，谓语动词用单数复数均可,但常用单数。is /areequal / equals12.当主语为两个或两个以上人的共同拥有物时，如 Tom and Mike’s 作主语时，v.根据后面的n.决定。
Tom and Mike’s room is the cleanest.
如指分别拥有v. →复
Tom’s and Mike’s rooms are the cleanest.13.动词不定式，或wh…+不定式，动名词，主语从句作主语时，v. →单数
When and where to have the meeting isn’t decided.
b. Who will go doesn’t make any difference.
补：When we’ll start and where we’ll go haven’t been discussed.主谓一致的用法 no less than
rather than
like; more than
A+ with (together with) +B +V.( 与A一致)
but; unlike
except; including
besides; as well as …percent
(two-thirds)
the rest
all; a part; some
most; a lot; lots
plenty; partof表整体的名词/不可数名词+v.(单)
n.(pl.) +v.(pl.)each; any;
many a; every;
the number of
either; neither;
no…and no…
each…and each…
every…and every… + 单数名词+单数动词a number of (= many) +复数名词+v.(pl.)the + adj. (人)+v.(pl.)
(物)+v.(单)A+ or
either…or
neither…nor
not only…but also+v.(与靠近的主语一致，即B一致)+B
AgreementMy name is Tom.My hobbies are reading, listening to music, sports and watching movies. What I like best is watching movies. Fourteen years have passed since I began teaching. Fourteen years is a long time. Discovering useful structures:To be a teacher is a kind of happiness.Having classes always makes me feel so good. My students like me and their parents respect me, which makes me feel so content. Mathematics is really hard. In my class many a student is poor in mathematics. Subject –verb Agreement
主语 谓语 一致Grammar :Rule 1:
Singular nouns are used with singular verbs. Plural nouns are used with plural verbs. e.g.This book is mine and those are yours. Collective nouns(集体名词) can have a singular or plural verb. If the noun refers to the unit as a whole, the verb is singular. If it refers to the individual members of a unit, the verb is plural. e.g.The boys’ team has some good players, but the girls’ is a better one.My family were watching TV when the electricity was suddenly off.Rule 2:Fill in the blanks with the suitable verbs.???? 1. The research group ____ made up of five people.
?? 2. What ___ the group want for their lunch?
????? 3. Our family ____ not poor any more.
4. He has to be hurry. His family ___ waiting for him. isdoisare 5. The class ____ more than forty in number.
6. The class ______ disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.
7. The government ______spent more than two million yuan for planting trees.
8. The city government _____ different opinions about next year’s plan.
ishavehashaveNow let’s learn more about subject-verb agreement:Rule 3:
当“with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than +名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 1. A library with four thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift.
A is offered B has offered
C are offered D have offered ?2. Liu Feng together with her brother _____ to see you this afternoon.
A are to come B are coming
C comes D is coming3．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
4．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed?? Rule 4：
many a (n.), more than one +单数名词（表复数意义：许多） +动词用单数形式 5. Many a student ______ that mistake before.
A has made B have made
C is making D are making 6.More than one student _______(have ) been to Beijing.
has7. More than one answer _____ to the question.
A have been given B has been given
C were given D had given 8.Many a student ______ collecting stamps.
like B. liking
C. is like D. likes
Rule 5:
并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。9)The writer and worker______ (be) coming to our school tomorrow.
??????????
10)The writer and the worker _____ (be) coming to our school tomorrow.
???????isare?13) Mary and Rose ____________(like) English. 12).A cart and horse (马车)__________ (see) in the distance.
11) The engineer and writer ______(work) in their factory.14) Bread and butter ______ (be) my favorite food.workswas/is seenlikeisRule 6：
在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。15) There ______ a dog near the door.
16) There ______ no schools in this area before liberation.
17) Here _______ (come)the bus.
18) On the wall _____ two famous paintings.
19) Here _____ Mr. Brown and his children.
iswerecomesare/wereis
20）Each takes a cup of tea.
21）Either is correct.
22）Neither of them likes this picture.
Rule 7 当each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Rule 8
关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 23）Those who ____ (want) to go please sign their names here.
24）Anyone who ___ (be) against this opinion may speak out.
25）He is one of the students who _____ (be) praised at the meeting.
He is the only one of the students who ____ (be) praised at the meeting. wantiswerewasRule 9
表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。26）Three years _____ not a long time.
27）Ten dollars _____ what he needs.
28）Five hundred miles _____ a long distance. isisis比较：
More than fifty years have passed since they got married.强调数量Rule 10:
若or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。29）Either you or I ____ going to the movies.
?30）Not only you but also he ___ wrong.
31)Neither the students nor the teacher _______(know) anything about it.????????? 32)He or you _______?(have)taken my pen.?haveknows isamRule 11:
形复意单名词如news; means, politics, physics, plastics; mathematics, economics;等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.
Politics _____(be) very important.
Physics ____(be) very interesting.
35）Mathematics _________(seem) to be difficult to learn.
Every means ______ (have)been tried. isisseemshas
对比选择填空：1．a. He is the only one of the students that _______ got full mark.
b. He is one of the students that ______ got full mark.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
hashave2. a. Three fourths of the teachers present _____ against the plan.
b. Three fourths of the surface of the earth ______ covered with water.
A. is B. are C. was D. wereB DA3. a. What she wants ____ more time.
b. What she wants ____ more sheep.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
isare4. a. I can work out two of the five problems, but the rest
______ too difficult for me.
b. I have finished one third of the work and the rest _____ left for you.
A. is B. are C. has D. haveareis5. a. The population of the small country _____ 600,000.
b. Two thirds of the population in this small country ____ farmers.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
isare6. a. The basketball team ______ baths now.
b. The basketball team ______ 5 members.
A. has B. is having
C. are having D. have
are havinghasRule 12: one and a half +n.(复)
V. →(单)
One and a half bananas is left on the table.谓语动词用复数形式1.The police ______looking for the lost boy.复数名词作主语时。are E.g: People in the city have known the secret.2.There_____three bottles of ink on the desk.不可数名词前面有表数量的名词时。areE.g: Three million tons of coal were exported
last year.3.One or two persons_______with him.One or two +复数名词作主语时。agree4.Few of us______the book.few 或a few，many作主语时。like谓语动词用单数还是复数，要看情形而定1.All_____ here .Let’s begin the meeting . All______ready.Let’s begin the meeting.What ,who, which ,any ,more,most,all等代词作主语时，由意思决定单复数。areis2. It is I who______on duty today. It is Tom that_______ill.在It is + 名词或代词+that /who + …的强调句中,谓语动词要与所强调的名词或代词一致。amis3. My brother and I both_______seen the film. The poet and writer_______ come.两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词一般用复数；但当所连接的两个词是指同一观念或同一个人时，谓语动词用单数。havehas4. The whole family ______ going there. My family ________ very well.group ,class,family, team, army, company等词作主语时，如果视为整体，用单数；视为一个个的个体，用复数。isare5.Neither he nor I _______ been to Beijing. _______either you or he going there? either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also,there be, not … but句型用就近原则haveAre either…or用于疑问句，动词跟前一个主语一致。6.Some of us_______ sports. Some of the money______missing.Some,any , none ,all,most,half, the rest,one of ,a lot of ,one third of 等词后接代词或名词作主语时，由代词或名词决定单复数。likewas7.Each student in our class_______a dictionary. We each _______ a dictionaryEach作主语或所修饰的名词作主语，用单数；如果位于复数名词或代词之后作同位语，用复数。hashave8.The population of China _______ the largest in the world. At present about 28% of Chinese population __________ population作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但几分之几或百分之几+of +population作主语时，用复数。issmoke9.My brother,and not I______playing football.两个主语，一个是肯定的，一个是否定的，谓语动词与肯定的主语保持数和人称一致。likes10.The number of people who travel by air ______larger than before. A number of other plants______founded in America.the number of +复数名词作主语时，用单数； a number of +复数名词作主语时，用复数。iswere11.Three plus three_________ six. One times two _______________ two.在加减乘除的算式中，谓语动词用单数复数均可,但常用单数。is /areequal / equals12.当主语为两个或两个以上人的共同拥有物时，如 Tom and Mike’s 作主语时，v.根据后面的n.决定。
Tom and Mike’s room is the cleanest.
如指分别拥有v. →复
Tom’s and Mike’s rooms are the cleanest.13.动词不定式，或wh…+不定式，动名词，主语从句作主语时，v. →单数
When and where to have the meeting isn’t decided.
b. Who will go doesn’t make any difference.
补：When we’ll start and where we’ll go haven’t been discussed.主谓一致的用法 no less than
rather than
like; more than
A+ with (together with) +B +V.( 与A一致)
but; unlike
except; including
besides; as well as …percent
(two-thirds)
the rest
all; a part; some
most; a lot; lots
plenty; partof表整体的名词/不可数名词+v.(单)
n.(pl.) +v.(pl.)each; any;
many a; every;
the number of
either; neither;
no…and no…
each…and each…
every…and every… + 单数名词+单数动词a number of (= many) +复数名词+v.(pl.)the + adj. (人)+v.(pl.)
(物)+v.(单)A+ or
either…or
neither…nor
not only…but also+v.(与靠近的主语一致，即B一致)+B