2009高考英语词汇大链接

2009高考英语词汇大链接
achieve 指经过努力而获得动力或达到某种目的
gain 指经过努力而奋斗而，获得某种利益，如处世经验
get 常用词，指以某种方法或手段得到某种东西，这东西可能是他需要或企图获得的，也许不是。
across prep. & adv.穿过，由这边到另一边；横过 cross v. 穿过; 横过
act v.. 做；行动 v.演出；扮演角色 n.行为；动作，举动 action n. 行动 actor n.男演员 actress n. 女演员 act as 充当；担任 act...out 比划着表演
active adj. 积极的；主动的，活跃的
take an active part in 积极参加 be active in 热心于
actual adj.真实的，实际的 actually adv. in fact 实际上；事实上
real, true 与 actual的区别:
real 真的，真正的，指客观上存在，并非想象和虚拟，与“无”相对，反义词为 unreal
true 真实的，强调事实的实际情况相符，与“假”相对，反义词为 false
actual 真的，强调事实上已经发生或存在,而不是理论上可发生或存在
AD 公元；纪元 BC 公元前
ad = advertisement n. 广告
add v.增加；添加；补充说 add...to.. 往…加…
add up to 加起来总共是
address n.住址 n. 演讲 v. 对…发表演讲；称呼
admire v.羡慕 admire 后接名词或动名词；不接that引导的从句
admiration n. 赞美；羡慕 admirer n. 羡慕者；钦佩者（男） admiringly adv. 钦佩地
admit v. 1).许可；允许…进入 2).承认；供认
advance v. & n. 1). 前进；向前 2). 提出 n. 1. 前进
2.进展、进步 advanced adj. 先进的 advantage n. 优势；便利
adventure n. 历险；奇遇 adventurer n. 冒险家
advice n. 忠告；劝告; 意见 advise v. 劝告 persuade v. 说服
aeroplane n. = plane 飞机
affair n.事件；事情 foreign affairs 国事务 love affairs 桃色事件
accident 指不幸的意外事故，如：车祸；摔伤，多指无意或偶然的。
incident 指小插曲，多指政治上具有影响有事件，如叛乱，事变等。 event 大事 affect v.影响
afford v. 1).买得起 2). 负担得起；足以
注意: afford 前常用can, can’t, be able to等；后面常接名词或不定式
afraid adj. 1).害怕；担心，畏惧 2).恐怕，我想
be afraid of sth. 害怕（会做） be afraid to do sth. 不敢（去做）
Africa n. 非洲 African adj. 非洲人的 n. 非洲人
after prep. adv. & conj. 在……之后； after all 毕竟；终究 afternoon n.下午，午后 afterwards adv. 以后，后来 again adv. once more 再一次
again and again 再三地，反复地（= time and again） once again 再一次
against prep.1).反对 2).靠着；绮着 3).以……为背景
age n. 1).年龄；寿命 2). 时代；世纪
3)长时间 at the age of 在……岁的时候月
ago adv. 表示从现在算起的若干时间以前，谓语动词常用一般过去时
before 表从过去某时算起的若干时间以前，谓语动
词常用过去完成时
agree v. 1). 同意；赞同 2). match 与……一致
agree with 表示同意某人的意见，想法，分析，解释等，还可表示 “与……一致”；适合（气候，食物等）”，常用 agree with sb.
agree to 表示“同意某项建议，计划，办法等”
agree on 表示 “就……取得一致意见”后常接表示具体协议的文件，计划，行动等。句中主语通常包括当事双方。agreement n. 协议；同意
agriculture n. farming 农业 agricultural adj. 农业的
ahead adv. in front 在前，向前 ahead of 提前
aid v.& n. help 援助，帮助 first aid 急救
aim v.& . n. 1). intend 旨在；目的在于 2).瞄准（常与 at 连用） n. 1. 瞄准 2. 目标、目的
air n. 空气；气氛 v. let in air 使……通风 by air 乘飞机（by plane）
in the air 在空中 on the air （用无线电，电视）播送 aircraft n. plane 航空器（单复数同形）airline n.航空公司;航空系统
airliner n. 大型客机 airport n. 航空港
alive adj.活着dead 死去
alive 常作表语，作定语时须放在被修饰的词的后面
living 强调的是“健在”,“尚在人间”这一现在情况;alive 只用来说明生死之间的“界线”
all pron. adj. & adv.全部，所有（的）
1. 可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，而复数视主语而定
2. all 修饰名词时，名词前须加定冠词 the 或形容词性物主代词my, his, her等
3. whole 不能修饰物质名词或专有名词，不说 the whole water，但可以说the whole of the water
all right 好，行 all the time 一直 all the same 仍然 all one’s life 一生
all over the world 全世界 not at all 一点也不
allow v. 允许
let 指不反对和不阻止，接不带to的不定式作宾补
allow 指听任或默认某人去做某事
permit 表示正式地许可，会比较积极地同意某人去做某事
promise 表示答应许诺，表示主语许诺要去做某事
almost adv. 差不多；几乎
almost 与 nearly 的主要区别：
修饰 no, none, never, any 以及 no, 和 any 的合成词时，一般用 almost
alone adj. & adv.单独；独自； only 仅仅；只有
alone 作形容词，只用作表语，强调客观上的单独，不指心理上的寂寞 lonely 寂寞的，偏僻的
along prep. 沿着…… adv. 向前，往前； 共同
aloud adv. 高声 read aloud 朗读
loud 响亮地；大声地 loudly 含有“喧闹”的意思
already adv. 已经,常用于肯定句 yet 常用于否定句和疑问句 still 表示仍然，仍旧，可以用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句
also too, as well 也；并且
also 用于肯定句，通常位于 be 动词，助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前
too 用于肯定句，比 also 通俗，可放在句中，也可入在句末
either 用于否定句，只放在句末 as well 放在句末
although conj. & though 虽然，尽管
though 更常用，两者可兼用；though 可放在句尾; although 不可放在句尾
altogether adv. 全部一起，总共
always adv. at all times 总是；for ever 永远
usually 侧重已形成“习惯”的角度；说明动作
amazing adj. surprising 令人惊奇的
America n. 美国；美洲 American adj. 美国的；美洲的 n. 美国人；美洲人
among prep. of 在……之中among 应是三者或三者以上 between 常指两者之间；还可作副词用，表示 “在……其间”
ancestor n. forefather 祖先 ancient adj. 古代的
and conj. as well as 和；又 and so on 等等
anger n.恼火；气愤 angry adj. 愤怒的；生气的
be angry ( mad) with sb. 生某人的气
be angry at ( about ) sth. 为某事生气
animal n.畜牲般的人
announce v. n. 通告，通知
announce 与 declare的区别：
announce 指正式“公布”，“宣布”，侧重预告人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻
declare 正式向公众宣布，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等
another pron. 另一个another 用于三个或以上中的一个 the other 指两个中余下的那一个（注：the other 还可修饰复数名词）
one after another 一个接一个
answer v & n. 回答，答案 answer 及物动词
reply 不及物动词vi.，后接 to，为书面用语
answer for 对……负有责任，受到惩罚
ant n. 蚂蚁 Antarctica n. & adj.南极洲
anxious adj. 忧虑的；担心的 eager 渴望的
be anxious about 为……不安
be anxious for 1).为……担心 2).很想要某样东西 = be anxious to do
any pron. & adv. 任何；任何人，一些。一般用于否定句和疑问句，表示“任何数量”，可修饰可数或不可数名词，用于肯定句表示“任何一个”。 anybody; anyone 任何人 anything 任何事
anyhow ( anyway ) 无论如何 anywhere 任何地方 anytime 无论何时
apologize v. 道歉 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某人向某人道歉 a letter of apology 道歉信
appear vi. 出现； seem 似乎 appearance n. 出现 appearances n. 外表 disappear vi.消失
apple n.苹果 the apple of someone's eye 掌上明珠
application n.申请；申请书apply for 申请 apply to 适用于
appreciate v. enjoy 欣喜；be thankful for 感激（后接名词或动名词）
April n. 四月 April Fool 愚人节（4月1日）
area n.区域；范围
argue v. 辩论；争论 argument n. 争论
argue with sb. about ( on, over ) sth. 就某事与某人争论 argue for 主张 argue against 据理反对
arm n. 胳膊；手臂 arm in arm 挽臂 take sth.(sb.) in one's arms 抱 take up arms 拿起武器 armchair n. 扶手椅 army n. 军队
around prep & adv. 到处，四周；大约
round 为 adj. adv. n. & v.around 只有 prep. 或 adv.
arrive vi. 到达（小地点用at）, 到达（大地点用in） arrival n. 到达
art n.艺术；艺术品；技巧 artist 艺术家（尤指画家）
as conj. adv. & prep.和一样；由于；作为 as a matter of fact 事实上 as...as 象……一样 not as...as 不象 as a result 结果 as a rule 通常 as usual 照常 as well 也 as well as 和 serve as 用作 such as 象……那样 the same as 象……那样
ashamed adj. 感到羞愧;内疚; 悔恨
Asia n. 亚洲 Asian adj. 亚洲的 n. 亚洲人
ask v. 问，请求，要求；邀请 ask for sth. 要求得到 ask sb. for sth. 请某人给某物
asleep adj. fast (sound) asleep 熟睡
assistant n. 助手；助理
astonish vt.使吃惊(astonish 语气比surprise重) astonished at (by) 对……感到吃惊 astonishing adj. 惊人的 astonishment n. 惊讶
at prep.在（小地点）；在（某一时间）；对（与动作的目标连用） at the beginning of 开始 at last 最后 at least 至少 at most 最多 at first 起初 at table 进餐时 at a distance 在稍远处 at all 全然；完全不；究竟 at large 逍遥法外 at once 立刻
at present 现在 at sea 航行中；茫然 at the bottom of 在……底部 at the end of 在……的结尾 at the foot of 在……脚下
at the same time 同时 at high speed 高速地
athlete n.田径运动员
attack v.& n.1). 进攻 2).用言语或文字攻击 3).伤害
attempt v.& n. try 试图；尝试（比 try 更正式;try 更常用） attend v. 1).参加 2). pay attention to 注意 3). look after 照料
attend 指参加会议，听报告，典礼，仪式，上学等(attend to服务)
join 指加入某团体，如参军，入团等 join in 指参加比赛的活动
take part in 指参加群众性活动、运动、劳动等（在活动中发挥作用）
attention n. 注意，关心 pay attention to （接名词或动名词）
attitude n. 态度，看法
attract vt.吸引 attractive adj. 妩媚动人的；英俊的
August n. 8月
aunt n.姑;姨，婶，伯母，舅母 auntie = aunt ，uncle 叔，伯，舅，姑父，姨父
Australia n. 澳大利亚 Australian adj. 澳大利亚的 n. 澳大利亚人
autumn n. 秋天；秋 fall 秋天（美语）
avenue n. 大街（多指林荫大道）
average n. 平均；平均数 on average 按平均数计算
awake adj.醒着的，知道的 v. (awoke; awoken) wake 唤醒 away adv. 离开；不在；在别处 be away from 远离…go/run away 走/跑开 right away 立刻 far away 遥远
B
baby n. 婴儿；幼畜；雏鸟 baby-sitter n. 临时保姆
back n. 背部；背后；后部 At the back of the house there is a kitchen garden.
adv. 回原处，在原处 Now you can go back to your seat, Tom.
v.向后退 Attention, please. This car is backing up.
bad adj.(worse, worst) 坏的；讨厌的；质量低劣的
badly adv. (worse, worst)严重地，非常，很差
bag n.袋子 handbag 手提袋 schoolbag 书包
baggage n. luggage 行李（不可数名词） baggage Am.E luggage Br.E
bake v. cook in an oven 烘；烤 baker n. 面包师 bakery n. 面包店
balance n. & v. 平衡 n. 天平 n. 结余
ball n. 1.球；球状体 2. （正规的）大型舞会
basketball 篮球 football 足球 volleyball 排球 baseball 棒球 handball 手球 balloon n. 气球 bamboo n竹子
ban vt. & n. forbid esp. by law （尤指法律）禁止
banana n.香蕉 bank n.1.银行 2. land 岸；堤
bar n. 1. 条状物；棒；杆 2. 酒吧
bare-footed adj. & adv. 赤脚的； 赤脚地
bargain v. 讨价还价 n. 廉价买到的物品
base n. 1. 基础 2. 根据地 base n. 指有形的基础
basis n. 常指无形的基础 basic adj. 基础的；基本的
basin n.水盆；脸盆 n.盆地 basket n. r筐；篮 basketball 篮球
bath n. 1.洗澡 2. 浴盆； 浴缸；浴池 have(take) a bath 洗澡；冲凉 bathe vi.洗澡 vt. 给…洗澡 n. 海（河，湖）水浴 bathing suit n.游泳衣
battle n. 战斗；战役 vi. 战斗 campaign 指大的战役 battle 指中等战斗或战役 fight 指小的战斗 in battle 在战斗中 battlefield 战场，激烈争执所在
bay n. 海湾
be v.(am, is, are, was, were, being, been) 是，成为
beach n. 海（湖、河）滩 beach 多指海滨浴场
shore 大自然的海（河、湖）岸 seaside 海边，尤指渡假之处
bean n.豆，豆类 green beans 青豆 peas 碗豆
bean curd 豆腐
bear n.熊 vt. 1. 忍受 2. 出生 (多用被动态)
I was born in London in 1980. bear … in mind 牢记
beard n.（下巴上）胡须 moustache 嘴唇上的胡子 whisker 腮须
beat v.(beat, beaten) 1. 打2.欧打 3.规律性的拍击；（心）跳动； 4.打败 beat .. to death 打死
beauty n. 1. 美丽 2. 美人；美的事物 beautiful adj. 美丽的 pretty adj. 美丽的, 漂亮的 handsome adj. 英俊的 beautiful 和 pretty 多指女性的美，handsome 多指男子的英俊,亦可指物，意为美、雅、壮观等 What a handsome old building it is!
He earned quite a handsome salary for his work.
because conj. 由于；因为；（接从句）
because of 由于；因为（接名词、代词或短语）
become v.(became; become) come to be 变得；成为
bed n. furniture to sleep on 床 go to bed 上床睡觉（go to sleep = fall asleep入睡） make the bed 整理床铺 bedclothes 床上用品 bedroom 卧室
beer n. 啤酒（一般为不可数名词，但表示“份”，“杯”时为可数名词）
beef n. the meat of farm cattle 牛肉
bee 蜜蜂 beehive 蜂箱
before prep. adv. & conj. 在前面； 在……前
before long 不久后 : long before …很久以前
Work hard and before long you will catch up with your classmates.
The house had been built there long before I was born.
beforehand adv. 预先
beg v. 乞丐；乞求；恳求 beg one's pardon 请原谅 beggar n. 乞丐
begin v. (began, begun, beginning) start 开始 begin with 从……开始 at the beginning of 在……开始时 behind prep. & adv. at the back of 在……之后
behind 多指位置之后， fall behind 落在后面 being n. a living thing 生物；人 a human being 一个人 come into being 产生
believe v. 相信，认为 belief n. 信仰；信条 ,believe 相信……说的话 believe in 信任（某人） ( =trust )
bell n.钟；铃 ring a bell 打铃
belong v.属于 belong to 属于；是……的成员
below prep. & adv. 在下面
below 指位置低于某物，但不一定在其正下方，反义词above ,under 指在某物的正下方，反义词 over
belt n. 带；传送带；腰带 bench n. 长凳
bend v.(bent, bent) 使弯曲；弯曲；俯身 (down, over, forward, back) bent adj. 弯曲的
beside prep.在……旁边
besides prep. 除了……以外
besides 指“除……外”（还有; including）
except 指“除……外”（不再有; exluding）
best adj. adv. & n. 最好 (是 good 或 well 的最高级) do one's best 尽最大努力 all the best 一切顺利
best-seller n. 畅销书 better adj. & adv. (good 或 well 的比较级)更好的（地）
had better (do) 最好（做）( 后接动词原形 )
between prep. & adv. 在(两者之间)
between 用于两者之间; 亦可用于两者以上的之间，但各个为独立的，between 应与 and 连用，不与 or 连用; among 用于三者或三者以上
There is no secret between you and me.
The Danube (多瑙河) runs between many countries.
beyond prep. & adv. 超出；在……那边；在远处
bicycle n.自行车 = bike
big adj. 大的，大块头的 small 小
big 指体积或面积的大，也指人块头大或大人物
large 常指体积和容积的大，通常不指人
great 伟大，巨大，指长度高度的大；常修饰抽象事物 bill n. 1. 帐单；清单 2. 纸币；钞票 3. 结案；议案 billion num.（美，法）十亿；（英，德）百亿 biology n.生物学 bird n. 鸟 birth n. 出生 birthday 生日 birthplace 出生地 give birth to 分娩 biscuit n. 饼干 bison n. 北美野牛
bit n. 小块 a bit(of) 有点 bit by bit 一点一点地
not a bit = not at all 一点也不 not a little = very; quite 很，非常
bite (bit, bitten) v. & n. 咬
bitter adj. 苦的；痛苦的，伤心的 sweet 甜
black adj. & n. 黑色 blackboard 黑板
blame v.责怪 blame sb. for sth. 为某事责怪某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame 某人有过失
blanket n.毯子，厚的覆盖物 carpet 地毯
bleed (bled, bled) vi.流血 blood n. 血 bless v.保佑；祝福 blind adj. be blind in 瞎了 ,be blind to ……对……视而不见
The old horse was blind in the right eye.
One is often blind to one’s own mistakes. So we must help each other.
block n.大块；街区 v. 阻塞；阻挡
blouse n. 女装短上衣；女衬衫
blow v. (blew, blown) n. 打击 blow away 刮走
blue adj. & n. 天蓝色的， adj. 色情的 blue films 色情电影
board n. 木板 on board 在船上（汽车，飞机）上
boat n.小船 vi. 划船
boat 小船 canoe 独木舟 ship 大船 warship 战舰
body n. 身体; 尸体 body language 体态语 body-building 健身
boil v. 煮沸 boiling water 沸腾的水 boiled water 煮开过的水
bomb n. 炸弹 v. 爆炸 bone n.骨头
book n. 书 v. 订后；订票 bookmark n. 书签
bookstore n. 书店（美） bookshop n. 书店（英）
bore vt. 使……厌倦
born (bear的过去分词) 出生 be born 出生于
borrow v. 1. 借（进）；借入 2. 采用 borrow 借入 lend 借出
boss n. 老板；雇主；上司 botany n. 植物学
both .pron.双方 both.. and 两个都 both 两者都
either 两者中任何一个 neither 两者中一个也不
all 两者以上都 none 两者以上一个也不
bottle n. 瓶子
bottom n. 底；底部 at the bottom of 在……底部
top 上部 bowl n. 碗 bowling n. 保龄球
box n. 盆，箱子 v. 拳击；打耳光 boxing n. 拳击
boy n. 男孩；男仆 girl 女孩 boyfriend 男朋友 boy students 男生 an office boy 勤杂工
brain n. n.脑; 智力 (brains)
brake v. & n. 刹车
branch n. 分部; 支流;部门;树枝
brave adj.勇敢的 bravely adv. 勇敢地 bravery n. 勇敢 coward adj. 胆小的
bread n. 面包 bread and butter 涂黄油的面包
break v.(broke, broken) 打碎；打破 break away from 脱离；放弃 break into 闯入（接宾语） break in 闯入（in为副词） break off 打断；折断 break out 突然发生 break the rule 违规 break up 分解 breakfast n. first meal of the day 早餐
breath n.呼吸；气息 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 breathe vi. 呼吸；呼入 breathe in 呼入 breathe out 呼出
brick n. 砖 tile 瓦 bridge n. 桥
brief adj. 简短 brief 指简洁 short 指时间、空间和物体的短 bright adj. 聪明的，明亮的
bring v.(brought, brought)带来 bring (back) 带来
take (away) 带走 fetch 去拿（回）
carry 不说明方向( carry away; carry back; carry to..)
bring down 使倒下；击落 bring in 引进 bring on 使前进 bring up 抚养；培养
Britain n.英国，不列颠 British adj. 英国的英国人的
broad adj. 宽的 broad 指幅面的宽广( broad ocean (shoulders; chest..) wide 指一边到另一边的距离 wide eyes (mouth, river..)
broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) v. & n. 广播
broom n.扫帚 v. 扫
brother n.兄或弟，会友，教友 brother-in –law 姐夫，妹夫
browse v.浏览 brown adj. 棕色；咖啡色
brush n. 刷子，毛笔 v. 1. 刷 2. 掠过
bucket 水桶，吊桶
bug n.小虫；迷 bug 爬虫或飞虫 worm 蠕虫
build (built, built) vt. 建造；建设 building n. 建筑物 builder n. 建设者
bull n.公牛 bull 公牛；斗牛 cow 母牛；奶牛 ox (en) 公牛 buffalo 水牛 cattle 牛群 beef 牛肉
bullet n 子弹 a bullet-proof car 防弹车
burden n. & v. heavy load 重负，负重 be burdened with 负……重
burn v. & n. 燃烧；烧伤 burn away 烧掉
burn down 烧成平地, burst v.爆炸 burst into 闯入
burst out 突然开始 ,burst into laughter/tears
bury vt.埋藏 bus n.公共汽车 bush n. 灌木
business n.生意； get down to business 言归正传
on business 因公(外出)
busy adj.忙；没空 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
be busy with 忙于某事 free 有空的；自由的
but conj.但是 do nothing(anything) but (do) 后面接不带“to”的动词不定式
butcher n屠夫; 肉商 butter n.黄油；奶油
button n.纽扣；按钮 v. 按钮
buy v.买；购买 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. buyer n. 购买者 sell 卖
by prep. 1. by way of 经；由……；被 2.在旁边
by bus (plane, train , ship, air..) 乘公共汽车（飞机，火车，船） by accident 意外地 = by chance by force 用武力 by heart 牢记 by mistake 弄错 by now 现在 by sea 由海路 by the way 顺便说 by then 到那时 bye-bye=. goodbye 再见
C = 摄氏温度计（的） CAAC中国民航
cabbage n.卷心菜；洋白菜 cafe n. 咖啡馆；餐馆
cage n. 笼；鸟笼 vt.将（某人/物）关入笼中
cake n.蛋糕；糕；饼
call v. & n. 称呼；取名；呼唤；叫喊；叫；喊；（一次）电话；通话
call at (a place),访问（某地） call back, ring back 回电话 call for,去取（某物）；去接（某人）；要求；号召；约请 call in召来；召集 call on.拜访；访问
calm adj. quiet, not worried; 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 v. 镇定；使镇定 calorie n.卡（热量单位）
camera n.照相机；摄相机 in camera不公开地私下
camp v. & n. 野营；宿营；营 go camping 去野营 a summer camp 夏令营
can v. 能够；可以；可能；会.can not be too careful 怎么小心也不过分 be able to 与can
can 没有将来式和完成式。Be able to 有各种时态。
could 和 was able to/ were able to 都可以表过去的“一般能力”。表过去具体的能力要用was/were able to。不过否定式couldn’t 也可表具体的能力。
n. 罐头；金属容器
Canada n.加拿大 Canadian n加拿大人
cancer n.癌症 candle n.蜡烛 cap n.帽子；（管，瓶等的）盖 capital n.首都；省会；大写字母； h资本；资方
captain n. 陆军上尉；海军上校；船长；（足球队等）队长 car n.小汽车 card n.卡片，名片
cardigan n.开襟绒线衫
care n. & v. 小心；谨慎；注意；关心；介意 take care of, look after 照料；照顾 care for, like, want 喜欢；想要 careful adj.谨慎的；小心的；仔细的 careless adj.粗心的；漫不经心的
carelessly adv. thoughtlessly粗心地
carol n. 颂歌；欢乐之歌 carpet n.地毯；毛毯
carriage n.四轮马车；cart（火车）客车厢
carrot n.胡萝卜
carry v.运送；搬运；携带 carry off, snatch夺走 carry on, go on继续下去 carry out,进行；开展；执行（计划，命令）； 实现
cart n.（三轮货车）马车；火车；小推车 v. 用大车拉（某物）
cartoon n.动画片 cartoon-maker
carve v刻，雕刻
case n.盒；袋；套；箱状况，情况 in that case若是那样的话
cash n. 钱；现款；现金 castle n.城堡
cast v.扔；投；掷；抛 castor n.蓖麻 cat n.猫
catch v. caught[ ], caught接住、捉住
be in time for 赶上
become infected with染患 catch fire着火
catch up with (a)赶上某人 (b)赶工
cattle n.牛的总称
cause v.引起；使产生；使发生 n. t原因；起因
cave n山洞 ceiling n.天花板、平顶
celebrate v.庆祝 cent n. 一分钱 centimeter n.公分；厘米 centre n. 中心；中央；中心点 central adj.中央的，中心的
century n.百年 certain adj确定的；无疑的
(b)一定的 (c)未指明的、未说明的；某种
certainly adv. without doubt 无疑地、确定地
chain n.锁链 in chains上着镣铐；在囚禁中
chair n.椅子 chairman n. g主席；议长；会长
chalk n.粉笔 chance n.机会
change v.改变、更换,兑换 n.变化,零钱
change…for 用……换…… change…into把…变成
change one’s mind改变主意
channel n.水渠 chapter n.篇、章
character n. 1.人物；角色（小说、戏剧等）；2.字体
charge v.索价、要价 n.费用 in charge of负责管理
chart v.制图 ,n.航海图,图表 chat n. & v.聊天、闲谈
cheap adj. l便宜、贱 cheaply adv. 廉价地
check v.检查、核对 n.检查、核对； check支票;饭馆等的帐单 check out结帐；查明 cheek n.面颊
cheer v.欢呼；喝彩 cheese n.乳酪、干酪
chemical n.化学物； adj.化学的 chemical rain 酸雨
chemist n.药剂师化学家 chemistry n.化学
cheque n. (Br.E)支票 chest n.箱子、盒子
chew v.咀嚼 chicken n.幼鸟、小母鸡；鸡肉
chief adj.主要的; 重要的; n首领
child n. pl. children儿童、孩子 childhood n.:幼年；童年 chime n.乐器、钟等奏出的谐和的乐声
chimney n. 烟筒、烟囱
China n. 中国 Chinese n.中国人,汉语 adj.中国人，汉语的 chocolate n. 巧克力； 巧克力糖
choice n. 选择、挑选 choose v. (chose; chosen)选择；挑选
Christmas n.圣诞节 Church n.教堂 ，教会
cigarette n.香烟、纸烟 cinema n.电影院
circle n圈； 集团
citizen n.市民 city n. 城市 civil adj.公民的、国内的
claim vt.声称、断言 clap v.拍手；鼓掌
class n.班、级、课 classmate n同班同学
clean adj.干净；清洁 v.弄干净；擦干净
clear adj.明亮的；清晰的；清楚
clear away，take away, get rid of 把……清除掉
clear up 清理；整理 become clear（天气）放晴
clerk n.书记员；办事员；职员
clever adj. 聪明；伶俐的
climb v. 爬、攀登 n. 攀登 clock n.时钟
clinic n.诊所 close v.关；闭 cloth n布、布料
clothing n. clothes（总称）衣服 cloud n.云
club n.俱乐部；社团 coal n.煤
coast n海岸、海滨 coastline n.海岸线
coat n.外套、上衣 cock n. 雄鸡、公鸡 coin n.硬币
cold adj.寒冷的 n.寒冷 take / catch cold感冒、伤风
collar n.衣领
collect v. 收集；搜集；聚集 collection n. d收藏品
college n.（综合大学中）学院；高等专科学校
colo(u)r n.颜色；色彩 comb v.梳（头发）
come come off:脱离，离开 ，come on:跟随 ，come out: 出来，出版、发行 come to: amount to共计；达到 come true:变为现实；实现
comedy n.喜剧 comfort n.舒服、舒适；安慰 v.安慰
comfortable adj.舒服的 . uncomfortable
comment n..评论
common adj.共同的;普通的 in common共同、共用
communicate v.传送；交换；互通 communism n.共产主义的 communist n.共产主义者; adj.共产主义的
companion n.同伴；同事 company n.陪伴； 公司
compare v. r比较 ,compare with 把…和…进行比较
compared…to 与…相比;把…比作…
compete v.比赛；竞赛 competition n.比赛；竞赛 competitor n.比赛者 complete adj.完全的；彻底的；完结的； v.完成；结束
composition n. 作文；作曲 compressed adj. 压缩的
computer. n .计算机
conceited adj. 骄傲自满的 concert n.音乐会；演奏会
condition n.条件; 状况; pl. 环境、情形
conductor n.售票员、列车员； 指挥；导体
conference n.会议讨论
congratulate v. 祝贺 congratulation n. (often pl)贺词 conjecture n推测
connect v.连接；把…联系起来
continent n. 洲；大陆 continue v.继续；连续
contribution n.贡献
control v.控制；支配； n.控制；支配
convenient adj. 便利的；方便的
conversation n.谈话；交谈 cook v.烹调 n. 厨师、炊事员 cool adj. 凉的、凉快的
copy n.（书报等）一本、一份 v. 抄写
coral n. s珊瑚；珊瑚虫
corner n.角、角落、街道拐角
correct adj. 正确的；对的； v.改正、修正、纠正
cost (cost, cost) v. 值（多少钱）；花费
cottage n.村舍、小屋 cotton n.棉花；棉线；棉布
cough n. 咳嗽；咳嗽
count v. r 按顺序数;计数 counter n.柜台
country n.国家；农村、乡野 countryside农村、乡野
couple n. 一双；一对,夫妇
courage n. 勇气；胆略 course n.经过；过程；道路；课程 of course , naturally; certainly 自然；当然
court n. 法庭；法院
cousin n. 堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹
cover v.覆盖；遮盖；掩盖 n.罩；盖子
crazy adj风狂的 cream n.乳脂；乳油；膏状物
create v 创造；造成；制造
crew n全体船员；机组人员
crisp adj. 脆的；松脆的 n. 油炸土豆
crop n 庄稼；收成
cross v.穿过；越过；渡过 n.十字形；交叉 adj. 脾气不好的；易怒的
crowd n. 人群；群集；拥挤；挤满
cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；无情的
cry v.叫喊；哭声 cubic,adj.立方形的；立方体的
cupboard碗柜、衣柜 cure v.治疗； n.治愈；全愈
curious adj. 奇妙的；稀奇的
curtain n.（门、窗）帘；幕 cushion n.垫子
custom n.风俗；习俗;习惯 customer n. g顾客；顾主
dad n. （口语）爸爸；爹爹
daily adj. & adv. 日常的; 日常地 n. 日报
dam n.水坝；水闸 damage n.损害；损坏 v. 损坏
dance v. 跳舞 n.舞蹈；舞步
danger n. 危险 in danger 处在危险状态 dangerous adj.: 危险的
damp n. 潮湿; 潮湿的 dare v. & aux. 敢；敢于
dark adj. 黑暗的；深色的；棕色的
darkness n.: 黑暗 dawn n. daybreak 黎明；破晓
date n. 日期 date from: 始于 daughter n. 女儿
day n.白天 ,一天by day :日间；白天里
day after day日复一日 day and night :all day and all night: 日日夜夜 one day（过去或将来）某一天
the day after tomorrow : 后天 the day before yesterday : 前天 the other day : a few days ago: 前几天 day by day : one day to another: 一天天的。
daylight n.白昼 黎明
deaf adj.聋的 deal v. (dealt [ delt ], dealt ) 分配,经营
deal with : 对付；应付； 涉及 a good (great )deal of: =quite a lot of: 大量；相当多
dear adj.亲爱的；可爱的； 昂贵的；高价的
death n. 死 debt n.债务；欠款 in debt :欠债
December n.十二月
decide v.: 决定；下决心 decision n.决定；决心
declare v.声明；断言
deed n.行为；事迹 do a good deed: 做一见好事
deep adj.深的； adv. 深深地 deer n.鹿
defeat n. 击败；失败 v. 击败;使挫败 ( syn. beat, overcome ) defence n. 防御；防备
defend v. 防卫；保卫 ( syn. protect, safeguard ) definite adj. 明确的；肯定的；无疑的
degree n.角或温度的单位：度,学位
delay v. 推迟,耽搁 ( syn. postpone, put off )
delicious adj. 美味的；妙的
delight n.高兴；快乐 ( syn. pleasure )v 使高兴；使快乐 deliver v. 传递；交付 give forth in words 发言:
demand v.: 要求；需求
department n.: 部门;车间 ( syn. store; shop )
department store百货公司
depend v. (with on or upon ) =rely on依赖；依靠
depth n. 深；深度 describe n. 描写；描述
decription n. 描写；描述 desert n.沙漠；荒漠
desert v.抛弃;遗弃 design v.设计；绘制 n.设计 designer n.设计人；制图员
desire n.要求；期望 desk n. 书桌；写字台
destroy v. 破坏；毁坏 detective n.侦探
determine v. 决定；下决心 determination n. 决定
determined adj. 坚决的 develop v.开发，发展冲洗
development n.开发，发展
devote v.专心，献身 devote to: 献身于，致力于,专心
dial v. 拔（电话号码） diamond n.钻石，金刚石 diary n.日记 dictation n. 听写 dictionary n. 词典，字典 die v. 死，枯萎
die of: 死于（表示由于内部原因，疾病，情感，饥寒等而死） die from 死于（表示由于外部原因，偶然性死亡） die out: 消失，灭亡
difference n.不同
different adj. not the same: 不同的，差异的
( syn. various ) ( ant. same ) differently adv. 不同地
difficult adj. not easy: 难的，困难的
( syn.hard ) ( ant. easy ) difficulty n. the state or quality of being difficult: 困难，难事
dig v. ( dug, dug ) use a tool to break up and move earth; 挖， 掘
( syn. pick )
digest v. change, be changed, in the stomach and bowels, so that it can be used in the body: take into the mind; 消化，领会
＊dingo n. a kind of dogs in Australia: 澳洲的一种野狗
dinner n. main meal of the day: 正餐
( syn. meal )
dining room: a room for meals: 餐厅
dip v. put, lower sth. into a liquid: put and take sb. into and out sth.: 浸，蘸；把…放入又放出
direct adj. with nothing or no one in between; in an unbroken line: 直 接的
v. manage; control: 指导，控制
direct speech 直接引语
( syn. guide ) ( ant. indirect )
direction n. course taken by a moving person or thing face: 方向，方位
director n. person who directs the actors and actresses; person who controls
a factory or a workshop: (戏剧，电影的)导演，（工厂）厂长，（车间的）主任
＊directory n.. list of names and addresses: 姓名地址录
dirt n. unclean matter: 污物；脏物
dirty adj. not clean; covered with dirt: 脏的；
v. Make or become dirty: 弄脏
( ant. clean )
disability n. lack of ability: 残废；无能
( ant. ability )
disabled adj. make unable to do sth..: 残废的；残疾的
disadvantage n. unfavourable condition：不利条件；弱点
ant. advantage
disagree v. Take a different view; have different opinions: 不同意；意见不同
( ant. agree )
disagreement n. act of disagreeing:。意见不同；不同意
ant. agreement
disappear v. Go out of sight; be seen no more: 消失
( ant. appear )
disappoint adj. fail to do or be equal to what is hoped for expected 使失望
disappointing adj. causing sth. to be disappointed: 令人失望的；令人扫兴的
disappointment n. being disappointed: 失望；沮丧
disaster n. great or sudden misfortune: 灾难；祸患
discover v. find out: 发现
( syn. invent; find )
discrimination n. discriminating：岐视
discovery n. discovering or be discovered: 发现
discuss v. Examine and argue about: 讨论；议论
discussion n. talk for the purpose of discussing: 讨论
disease n. illness: 病；疾病
syn. illness
dish n. shallow, flat-bottomed vessel: 盘子；碟子food bought to table on a dish: 一道菜
disk n. thin, flat, round plate from which music or songs can be heard: 磁盘
dislike v. not like:不喜欢；厌恶
( syn. hate )( ant. like; love )
disobey v. Pay no attention to orders: 不服从
ant. obey
distance n. measure of space between two points, places: 距离；远处
distant adj. far away in space or time: 远的,遥远的
( syn. far )( ant. close; near )
district n. part of a country：区；地区；区
disturb v. Break the quiet, calm, peace, or order of; put out of the right or usual position: 扰乱；打扰
dive v. go head first into water: 跳水
divide v. separate, splite or break up: 分；划分；分割
divide up: 分配
divide….into…把…分为
do (did, done, does) aux.1. used with another verb to form questions or negatives
(1) 放在主语前构成疑问句
(2) 与not连用构成否定句
2. used to give emphasis to the main verb 用于强调
v. 1. carry out action 干；做（事）
2. complete 完成
3. make, produce 制作，产生
4. make tidy 整理，使整洁
5. study 学习，研究
do a good deed 做件好事
do cleaning／cooking／shopping 扫除／做饭／买东西
do somebody a favor 帮某人一个忙
do the deed 付诸行动，生效
do good to 对......有益
do with 处理，安排
do well in 在......方面做得好
do wrong 做坏事，犯罪
doctor n.
1. medical practitioner 医生
2. academic title 博士
( syn. physician, surgeon)
dog n. the animal 狗
Love me, love my dog 爱屋及乌
Let sleeping dogs lie 莫惹是非
dollar n. the standard unit of money in the us, Australia, Canda, HongKong and other countries, for which the sign is ＄ （美国，澳地利，加拿大，香港和其它一些国家的货币 单位）元（符号为＄）
door n.
1. the large flat object that you open and close at the entrance to a building, room, vehicle etc. 门
2. the space made by an open door 通道 doorstep 石阶 doorway 门口；「喻」入门 doorbell 门铃
double 1. adj. having two parts or lagers 双的
2. adj. twice as much 两倍的
3. v. fold 把......对折
4. n. exact likeness 极相似
doubt n.[u] uncertainty 疑惑
v. be uncertain 怀疑
v. mistrust 不信
( syn. suspect) ( ant. Believe)
down adv.
1. to/in a lower position 向下
2. into a weaker, smaller, or quieter state 减退下去变小......
prep: 1. to wards the ground or a lower point or in a lower position 向下
2. alone 沿着（街道，河流）而下
ant. up
downtown 在（往）城市的中心区和商业区
downstairs在楼下，到楼下
downward向下
downhill往山脚
dozen n. twelve 一打，十二个
dozens of : lots of n+ 很多
draw v.(drew, drawn)
1. make line, depict 画，描绘
2. pull, pull after one 拉
3. extract 引出，抽出，取出
n. equal outcome to a match 平局，不分胜负
( syn. drag, pull)
drawer n. 抽屉
drawing n. 绘画，图画
dream v.(dreamed, dreamed, dreamt, dreamt)
1. imagine during sleep 梦，做梦
2. fancy 梦想，梦幻
n. 1. [c] a series of thoughts, images, and feeling that you experience when you are sleep 梦
3. [c] wish 愿望
dream of 向往；渴望；梦想
dress n. 1. a place of clothing worn by a woman or girl that
covers her body from her shoulders to somewhere
on her leg 长裙
2. apparel in general 服装（尤指外衣）
syn. clothes
v. 1. clothe oneself 给自己穿衣
3. clothe someone else 给别人穿衣（不可用衣服作宾语）
( syn. put on ,wear) ( ant. undress)
dress up （给......）穿上盛装
drill n. 1. exercises 练习，操练
2. instrument for boring 钻头，钻孔器
v. 1. bore 钻（孔），钻通
2. exercises 训练
syn. exerise, practice, training
drink v.(drank, drunk)
1. quench thirst 止渴，饮，喝
2. soak 吸收
3. take alcohol 喝酒
n. amount of liquid 饮料，酒
drinker 酒徒
adj. drinkable 可以喝的
drive v. (drove, driven)
1. steer a car 驾驶车
2. cause to go 驱，赶
3. force to work 逼迫，迫使
n. 1. journey by car 驾驶，驱车旅行
2. private road way to a house 车道（尤指和室内的汽车道）
( syn. ride)
drive home 开车回家
drive away 把车开走
drive off 赶走
drive sb. mad 使某人发狂
driver n. [c] 司机，驾驶员
drop
n. 1. fall 降下，落下
2. globule 滴剂
3.small amount of liquid 滴
v. 1. fall 落下，降落
2. allow to fall 使落下，使滴下
3. lower 降低
( syn. fall)
drop in 顺便走访某人（接地点时用介词at，接人用on）
drown v.
1. die by submersion 淹死，溺死
2. obliterate 淹没，消失
3. bathe 把......沉浸在液体中
like a drowned rat （湿得）象落汤鸡
drug n. 1. medicine 药
2. habit─forming substance 成瘾性药品
v. render unconscious by drugs 使麻醉
drug store 药房
a drug user 吸毒者
drunk adj. (not before noun) unable to control your behaviour, speech etc because you have drunk too much 醉的
n. someone who is drunk or often gets drunk
( syn. drunken (drier, driest ) 酒鬼)
dry adj. 1. opposite of wet 干燥的
2. thirsty 口渴的
3. having very little rain or moisture 干旱的
v. [I,T] to make something dry or become dry 使.....干
( ant. wet) ( dryness n. 干燥)
duck n. [c] a very common water bird with short legs
and a wide beak that is used for its meat,
eggs, and soft feathers. 鸭
v. to lower your head or body very quickly, especially
to avoid being seen or hit. 迅速低下头（或弯下身）闪避，躲避
due adj. 1. proper, right 适当的，应有的 2. owed 应支付的
3. to be expected to happen or arrive at a particular time 预期的，约定 give sb. his／her due 给某人以应得的评价 due to : because of 由于
( syn. owing to , because of , thanks to)
dull adj. 1. boring 单调无味的 2. not bright or shine 暗淡无光的
3. not sharp 钝的
v. to make something such as pain or a feeling become less sharp less clear etc 使迟钝，缓和，减轻
( ant. sharp)
during prep. 1. all through a length of time 在......期间
2. at some time in a period of time 在......的时候
( syn.in the course of 在......期间)
dust n. 1. [u] dry powder consisting of extremely small bits of earth or sand 出土，灰烬，粉末
2. dry powder consisting of extremely small bits of dirt which you find in buildings on furniture, floors etc 灰尘
v. 1. remove dust 去掉......上的灰尘
2. to shake a fine powder over something 撒（粉末），（把粉末）撒在......上
dusty adj. 尘土一般的
duster n. 打扫工，揩布，掸帚
dustman 清除垃圾的人
( syn. clean ) ( ant. dirty)
duty n. 1. [c, u] something that you have to do because itis morally or legally 责任，本分，义务
2. [c usually plural, u] something you have to do as part of your job or because of your social position 职务，勤务
do one's duty 尽自己的责任
on duty 值日，值班
off duty 不上班
( syn. obligation, responsibility )
each pron. adj. every single one of two or more things or people considered separately 各个,每个
each and every one: an expression used to emphasize that you are talking about every single person or thing in a group 每个
each other 互相,彼此
eager['i:g ] adj. very keen and excited about something that is going to happen or about something you want to do 渴望的,热切的
be eager to do sth. 渴望干...
be eager for(after) knowledge 渴求知识
be eager about one's progress 争取进步
be eager in one's studies 专心学习
adv. eagerly['i:g li] 热切地,渴望地
n. eagerness 渴望.
ear n.1.[c]one of the organs on either side of your head that you hear with 耳朵
2.[c]the ability to hear sounds 听觉,听能
give ear to 听,倾听,注意
be all ears 全神贯注地倾听着.
early adj. 1.near to the beginning of a day, year, someone's life, etc. 早期的,早时的
2.arriving or happening before the usual or expected time 早的,早到,早发生.
3.near enough to the beginning of a process to prevent something bad from happening 及早的
adv. 1.before the usual, arranged, or expected time 早地
2.near the beginning of a day, week, or other period of time
在初期在早时,在早期
3.near the beginning of an event, story, process, etc.
earn v. 1.[I.T]to receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do 挣得,赚得.
2.[T]to make a profit from business or from putting money in a bank, lending it to a company, etc.赢得
3.[T]to get something that you do serve, because of your qualities or actions 博得,应得
earn money 挣钱
earn one's living 谋生
n. earnings[' :ni z] 所得,收入,报酬
syn. gain
earth n. 1.[sing.]the earth the world that we live in 地球
2.[U]substance that plants, trees etc grow in.
土,泥
3.[sing.]the hard surface of the world, as opposed to the sea 陆地,地面,地上
earthquake n. 地震
on earth 究竟
syn. world; globe; ground; land; soil
east (abbreviation E) n.
1.[sing. U] the direction from which the sun rises, that is on the right of a person facing north 东,东方
2.adj. in the east or facing the east 东方的,朝东的
3.adv. towards the east 在东方,向东方
in the east of ...在...的东部(境内)
on the east (of) 在...(的)东面(接壤)
to the east of 在...以东(境外)
East Africa 东部非洲
eastern['i:st n] adj. 东方的,东部的
easy adj. 1.not difficult, and not needing much physical or mental effort 容易的,不费力的
2.not feeling worried or anxious安逸的,安心的,平静的
take it easy 别着急,别紧张
easy chair 安乐椅
easy going 懒散的,随和的,放荡的,悠闲的
adv. easily 容易地,不费力地,舒适地
eat v. (ate[et],eaten) [I.T] to put food in your mouth and swallow it 吃
eat up 吃光
eatable 可食用的 n.[通常复]食物,食品
eater n.食者
syn: have, take, dine
edge n. 1. the part of an object that is furthest from its center 边,边缘
2. the thin sharp part of a blade or too( that cuts) 加,利刃,锋,锐利
v. 1.[T] to put something on the edge or border of something 给...加上边
2.[I. always + adv./prep., T. always + adv./prep.] to develop gradually, or to make something do this 使渐进,徐缓地移动
syn. border
education n. 1.[sing., U] the process by which your mind develops through learning at a school, college or university 教育
2.[sing.,U] the knowledge and skills that you gain from being taught 培养，训导
further education 深造，进修
syn. schooling
effect n. [C,U] the way in which an event, action, or person changes someone or something 影响，结果，效果，作用
v.[T] formal to make something happen 产生，招致
have an effect on 对产生影响
bring into (to) effect 实行，实现，实施
take effect （药等）见效，（法规等）生效
syn. result
ant. cause
effort n. 1.[U] the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something 努力，尽力
2.[C,U] an attempt to do something, especially when this involves a lot of hard work or determination 艰难地尝试
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
make every effort (to do sth.) 尽一切努力做某事
syn. pain, trouble
ant. ease
egg n. 1.[C] a round object with a hard surface, that contains a baby bird, snake, insect etc and which is made by a female bird, snake or insect 蛋
2.[C,U] an egg, especially one from a chicken, that is used for food 鸡蛋
egg sb ... on [T] to encourage someone to do something especially something that they should not do怂恿，煽动
eight num. 1.the number between seven and nine; the number 8
2. a team of eight people who row a racing boat 八人的划船队
either ['i: ] conj. used to begin a list of two or more possibilities separated by or 或者，要么（一般与or连用）
adj.,pron.1. one or the other of two things or people （两者中的）任何一个
2. one and the other of two things or people, each （两者之中的）每一方
syn. both
adv.[only in negatives] also 也
syn: also
either...or... 或者...或者...；是...还是...；不是...就是...
elder adj. [only before noun] a brother etc who is older than other brothers, etc. 年龄较大的
n. 1. a member of a tribe or other social group who is important and respected because they are old （复数）长者，前辈
2. someone who has an official position of responsibility in some Christian churches （教会的）长老
3. a small wild tree with white flowers and black berries接骨木
syn. older
ant. younger
electric adj. 1. an electric machine, light, etc. works using electricity 电的、用电的
2. an electric situation is one in which people are very excited because something important is going to happen令人震惊的, 惊心动魄的
electrical [i'lektrik l] adj. 电的、电气的
electricity [ilektr'isiti] n.[u] 电、电流
elephant n.[c] a very large grey animal with four legs, two tusks and a trunk that it can use to pick things up 大象
eleven num. 1. the number between ten and twelve
2. a team of eleven players in football or cricket 十一个人的足球队
else adv., adj. who/what/why, etc. else or anything/someone
anywhere etc else. a) besides or in addition to someone,
something etc. 其他,另外 b) apart from or instead of
something, someone,etc. 别的
or else 否则,不然的话
employ [T] 1.to pay someone to work for you 雇用
2.to use a particular method or still in order to do something. 用,使用
n. [u] in sb's employ formal if you are in someone's employ, you work for them 雇用,使用
syn. hire
ant. dismiss
empty adj. 1. having nothing inside container. 空的
2. an empty room, building etc does not have any people in it (房屋,建筑等)没人居住的
3. not being used by anyone 无用的
V.[T] also empty out if you empty a container, you remove everything that is in it. 倒空,使...成为空的
syn. hollow. vacant
ant. full
encourage [T] 1. to say or do something that helps someone have the courage or confidence to do sth. 鼓励
2.to make something more likely to happen or make people uragement n. 鼓励
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
syn. excite, inspire
end n.[C] 1. the last part of something such as a period of time activity, book or film. 完成,结束,终止,限度
2. the furthest point of a place or object 尖,梢,尽头
3. a situation in which something is finished or no longer exists 结局,结束
v. [I] to finish or stop 结束,终止,消灭,了结
endless adj. 无止境的,无穷的,没完的
ending [c] (pl. endings) 结局,结尾,最后
in the end 最后,终于
end up 结束,告终
at the end of ...最后, ...尽头
by the end of 在...结束时, 到...末为止
make ends meet 量入为出, 使收支相抵
syn. complete, finish
ant. begin
enemy n.[C] 1. someone who hates you and wants to harm you 仇人
2. someone who opposes you and wants to prevent you doing something 仇敌
3. someone you are fighting in a war 敌人
syn. foe
ant. friend
energy n. [C.,U.] 1. the physical and mental strength that makes you to be active 活动,劲
2. power that is used to provide heat, drive machine, etc. such as oil and coal 能,能量
3. energies. the effort that you use to do things 精力,能力
syn. power, vigour
engineer n. [c] 1. one who is trained to plan and build roads, bridges, machines, etc.工程师
2. someone who controls the engines on a ship or aircraft 操纵员 管理员
v. [T] to arrange something by clever secret planning 设计 策划
engineering n. [U] 工程 工程学
English n. [U] 1. the language of Britain, the US, Australia and some other countries 英语
2. English language and literature as a subject of study 英语言学
3. the English people from England 英国人
adj. from or connected with England or Britain 英国的 英语的 英国人的
England n. 英格兰(泛指)英国
Englishman n.(pl. Englishmen)英国人, 英国男人
in English 用英语
enjoy v. [T] 1. to get pleasure from something
享受...的乐趣, 喜爱
2. to have something good such as success or a particular ability or advantage 享有(利益、权利、声誉等), 享受
enjoyable adj. 愉快的; 快乐的; 有趣的
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
enjoy doing something 喜欢做某事
syn. appreciate
ant. depreciate, loathe [lou ]
enough adv. to the necessary degree 足够地，充分地
pron. adj. as much as many as may be necessary 足够的，充分的
syn. sufficient
ant. insufficient, inadequate
enter v.1. [I.T] to go or come into a place 进去，进入
2. [T] start to take part in 加入，参加
3. [I.T] start working开始从事，开始进入，开始研讨
syn. come into
entire adj. [only before noun] whole; complete; all全部的，整个的
entirely adv. 完全地，彻底地
syn. whole
ant. partial
entrance n. [C] 1. a door, gate, etc. that you go through to enter a place 入口
2. [C., usually sing.] the act of entering a place or room进入
3. [U] permission to become a member of or become involved in a profession, university, society, etc.入场，入会，入学
syn. entry ,entree
ant. exit
envelope n. [C] 1. a thin paper cover in which you put a letter 信封
2. a layer of something that surrounds something else
外壳，封套，封皮
envy v. [T] to wish that you had someone else's possessions, abilities, etc. 妒忌，羡慕
n. [U] the feeling of wanting something that someone else has . 妒忌，羡慕
envy sb.(for) sth. 羡慕某人......
equal adj. 1. the same in size, value, amount, number, etc. as something 均等的，相同的
2. having the same rights, opportunities, etc. as everyone else, whatever your race, religion, or sex. 平等的
3. be equal to : to have the ability to deal with a problem, piece of work etc successfully 胜任的，经得起的
v. equalled, equalling: to be exactly the same in size, number, or amount as something else 等于
n. [C] someone who is as important, intelligent etc as you as you are, or who has the same rights and opportunities as you do 相等者，相同者，同辈
equally 平等地，相同地，公平地，平均地
equality n. 同等，平等，均等
equipment n. 1. [U] all the special tools, machines, clothes, etc. that you need for a particular activity. 设备，器材
2. [singular] the process of equipping someone or something . 配备，装备
escape v. 1. [I. T] to get away from a place when someone is trying to catch you or stop you leaving 逃跑，逃离
2. [I. T] to get away from a dangerous situation that is likely to harm you if you do not leave 逃跑，逃脱，避免
3. [I. T] to succeed in avoiding being involved in an unpleasant, difficult or dangerous situation 避免
n. [C, U] the act of getting away from a place where you do not want to be, or from an unpleasant or dangerous situation. 逃跑，逃离
a narrow escape 九死一生
a fire escape （火警时使用的）太平梯，安全梯，安全出口
syn. flee, run away
ant. capture
especially also specially adv.
[sentence adv.] used to emphasize that something is more with one particular thing than with others 特别，尤其
2. [+adj./adv.] to a particularly high degree or much more than usual 特别地
3. for a particular person, purpose etc. [+for]主要为......
Europe n.1. the large land mass that lies north of the Mediterranean and goes as far east as the Ural Mountains 欧洲
2. the European Union 欧洲联盟
3. BRE the continent of Europe not including Britain 欧洲大陆
European n. 欧洲人
adj. 欧洲的
even adv. 1. used to emphasize something that is unexpected or surprising in what you are saying 甚至，即使
2. even bigger/better/brighter etc used to emphasize that someone or something is bigger better etc than before, or than someone or something else you have just mentioned更加（与形容词或副词比较级连用）
adj. 1. completely flat with all parts at the same height.平坦的，平的
2. an even rate, temperature etc is steady and does not change much 均匀的，平稳的
3. divided equality so that there is the same amount of something in each place, for each person etc. 平均的，公平的
even if/though 即使／尽管
syn. still
evening n. [C, U] the early part of the night between the end of the day and the time you go to bed 傍晚，晚上（从日落至就寝）
inter. (informal): used to greet someone when you meet them in the evening 晚上好
syn. night
ant. morning, day
event n. 1. [C] something that happens, especially something important interesting or unusual 事件，大事
2. [C] an important performance, sports competition, party, etc. which has been arranged for a particular date and time（安排好的）重要节目，运动比赛，晚会等
3. [C] any of the races, competitions arranged as part of a day's sports（运动会等的）比赛项目
current events 时事
ever adv. 1. a word meaning at any time; used mostly in question, negatives, comparisons, or sentences with "if" （用于问句，否定句以及表示条件和比较的从句）在任何时候；曾经
2. a word meaning always; used especially with expressions of time 总是，永远
ever since 自...以来（就一直...）
for ever 永远
every adj. 1. each one of a group of things or people that make a group or set 每一的，每个的
2. used to emphasize that you are talking about the whole of something. 一切的，全部的
syn. each
every bit 每一点，完全，全部
every now and then （或again） 常常，不时地
every other 每隔
every once in a while 偶尔，间或
every two years 每隔两年
everybody /everyone pron. 每人
everyday adj. 每天的，日常的
syn. daily
everything pron. 每件事，事事
everywhere adv. 到处
exact adj. 1. correct and including all the necessary details 确切的，准确的
2. someone who is exact is very carefully and through in what they do 严格的，严厉的
3. an exact science is based on calculating and measuring things rather than on opinions, guessing, etc. 精确无误的，精密的
exactly adv. 确切地，精确地
syn. right
ant. inexact
exam n. 1. [C] a spoken or written test of knowledge, especially an important one 考试，考查
exam= examination: [C] (formal) a spoken or written test of knowledge 考试
2. [C,U] the process of asking questions to get specific information, especially in a court of law 审查，查问
3. [C, U] the process of looking at something carefully in order to see what it is like 细查，检查
syn. test, quiz
fail an examination 考试不及格
pass an examination 考试及格
take an examination 参加考试
carry out a medical examination 进行体格检查
examine v. [I.T] to look at something carefully in order to make a decision, find something, check something etc. 检查，考查，诊察
example n. a thing, person, situation etc that you mention to show what you mean or to show that something is true 实例，范例，模范，榜样
for example 例如
give/set a good example to sb. 为某人树立好榜样
make an example of sb. 惩罚某人以儆他人
Example is better than precept 「谚」 以身作则胜于口头训诲
syn. instance
excellent adj. extremely good or of very high quality
优秀的，卓越的，杰出的，极好的
excellence n. ['eks l ns] 优秀，杰出，卓越
excellency n. ['eks l nsi]
1.[Br.E] 阁下，对大使，总督，主教等的）尊称
2.（常用复）优点，美德 （＝excellence）
except 1.conj. except for: apart from 除去、撇开、除非（可用于句首）表示与谈论的对象不属同一类
2.prep. a) used to introduce the only thing or person in a group about which a statement is nottrue 除......之外
b) other than; but
except from: not include something when you are talking about or considering a number or group things 把......除外;不计
except that (接从句)除......外。
excite v.[T] 1. to make someone feel a particular emotion.刺激
2. if something excites comment etc it makes people talk about it 激发,唤起引起
3. [not in progressive or passive] to make someone feel happy interested or hopeful because something good has happened or is going to happen 使兴奋, 使激动
excited adj. 兴奋的,激动的
exciting adj.令人兴奋的,使人激动的
syn. encourage, inspire
excuse v.[T]
excuse me (spoken) 1. used when you want to get someone's attention politely, especially when you want to ask a question (提问问题时的客套)打扰了; 原谅
2. used to say that you are sorry for doing something rude or embarrassing (常用于插话,表示异议等场合) 对不起
3. used to ask someone politely to move so that you can walk past (请示某人让开的客套话) 对不起,打扰.
excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做过某事
syn. pardon, forgive
n. [c] 1. a reason that you give to explain careless or offensive behavior 理由
2. a false reason that you give to explain why you are doing something or not doing sth. 借口, 辩解
in excuse of 作为......的借口.
syn. reason, explanation
exercise n. 1.[U] physical activities that you do in order to stay healthy and become stronger训练、锻炼
2. [C] a movement or set of movements that you do regularly in order to keep a particular part of your body strong and healthy运动
3. [C](usually pl.) an activity or process that helps you practise a particular skill such as playing a musical instrument or singing 练习
v. 1. [I] to walk, do sports, etc. in order to stay healthy and become stronger 锻炼
2. [T] to make a particular part of your body move in order to make it stronger 锻炼(身体某部位)
exhibition n. 1.[C] a public show where you put things so that people can go to them展览、展览会。
2.[U] the act of showing something such as a painting in a public place表演;显示
on exhibition 展出
syn. show
existv.[I, not in progressive]
1. if someone or something exists that person or thing is real and has not been imagined by someone 存在、实在
2. to happen or present in a particular situation延续、继续存在、存在状态
3. to stay alive especially in a difficult situation when you do not have enough money, food etc. 生存、存活
existence n.[U] 存在、生存、存在物
come into existence 产生、成立
expect v[T] 1. to think that something will happen because it seems likely or has been planed 预期
2. to believe that someone or something is going to arrive 期待
3. to demand that someone does something because it is a duty or seems reasonable 要求、指望
expect to do sth. 料到(预计到......)
expect sb. to do sth.期望某人干某事.
syn. desire
expensive adj. costing a lot of money 昂贵的
expensive mistake: a mistake that puts you in a very bad situation 高昂的代价
expensively adv. 花钱多地、高价地
syn. dear
ant. cheap, inexpensive
experience n. 1. [U] knowledge or skill gained while doing a job 经验
2. [U] the state of knowing or having learnt a lot, about life and the world from events that have happened to you and people you have met 经历、阅历
3. [C] something that happens to you or something you do, especially when this affects or influences you in some way 体验
v.[T] 1. if you experience a problem or situation it happens to you or affects you 体验、经历
2. to feel a particular emotion or physical sensation 感受
experiment n.[C,U]
1. a thorough test using scientific methods to discover how someone or something reacts under certain conditions 实验
2. a process in which a new idea or method to see if it is useful or effective 试验
v.[I] 1. to try various ideas methods etc to see whether they will work or what effect they will have 进行试验
2. to test something using scientific methods to see if it is true or to obtain more information about it进行实验
explain v. [I,T] 1.to make something clear or easy to understand 解释,说明,阐明
2.to give or be a reason for something 为...辩解,说明...的理由
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
explanation [,ekspl 'nei n] n. 解释,说明,辩解,辩明
explode v. 1. [I.T] to burst, or to make something burstinto small pieces, usually with a loud noise and in a way that causes damage 爆炸, 使爆炸
2.[I] to suddenly become angry or dangerous 爆炸
3.[T] to prove that something that many people think or believe is wrong or not true 破除, 戳穿, 驳倒(理论)
express v. [T] 1.to tell people what you are feeling or thinking by using words (用语言)表达,表示,表白
2.to show your feelings or thoughts using art, music, films etc. (用艺术、音乐、电影等）表达...
3. to let people know what you are feeling or thinking by the look in your face or by your behaviour (用面部表情或行为）表示，显示
adj. [only before noun] an express command, desire or aim is deliberately stated for a particular reason 特殊的，明确的，确切的
n. [C, usually sing.] a train or bus that travels from one place to another very quickly 快车，快运
[U] a post service that delivers letters and packages very quickly 快递
adv. to send or deliver a letter, parcel, etc. quickly using a special post service 乘快车，以快递方式
expression [iks'pre n] n. 表达，词句，表情
exploit v. [T] 1.to treat someone unfairly in order to get money or an advantage for yourself 剥削
2.to use something fully and effectively in order to gain an advantage or profit利用，利用...而自肥
n. [C, usually pl.] brave and exciting action that people admire 功绩，功勋，英勇的行为，辉煌的成就
exploiter n. 剥削者
exploitable [iks,pl it bl] adj.可开发的，可利用的，可剥削的
extra adj. more of something, in addition to the usual or standard amount or number 额外的，外加的
adv. to cost, earn or pay more money than the usual amount 另外收费的
n. [C] something which is added to a basic product or service which improves it and also costs more 额外人手，额外东西，额外费用
extremely adv. to a very great degree极端，极其，非常
eye [ai] n. [C] one of the two parts of the body that people and animals use to see 眼睛
have/keep your eyes on sb./sth. 观察，照看
catch sb's eye 注目
eye-ball n. 眼球
eyed [aid] adj. 有眼的
eyeful ['aifl] 满眼
eyesight n. 视力，目力
face n. the front part of the head from the thin to the hair 脸；面孔；
v. to have the face or front pointing (towards) 面对；面向
face to face in the direct presence(of) 面对面；当面
make a face to make an expression with the face to show rude amusement, disagreement, dislike, pain, etc. 做鬼脸；做苦脸
fact n. something that has actually happened or is happening; something known to be, or accepted as being, true 事实；实际
syn: reality; truth ant: conjecture
as a matter of fact really; actually 事实上
syn: in (actual) fact; in point of fact
in fact really; actually 实际上
syn: as a matter of fact; in point of fact
factory n. a building or group of buildings where goods are made, esp, in great quantities by machines 工厂
syn: works; plant; mill
fail v. to be unsuccessful(in) 失败；不及格
ant: succeed 成功
fair adj. 1. Free from dishonesty or injustice 公平的；合理的；
2. fairly good 相当好（尚好）
3. (of the weather) fine; clear （天气）晴朗的；
4. (having skin or hair that is) light in colour not dark（肤色）
白晰的；（头发）淡色的
syn: proper; blond; pleasant ant: unfair
fairly adv. 1. in a manner that is free from dishonesty; injustice, etc. 公正地；
2. for the most part; rather; quite 相当地
syn: rather, quite
faith n. strong belief; trust 信念；信仰
syn: trust ant: doubt
fall v. (fell fallen) 1. to descend through the air 落下；下降
2. to come down from a standing position, esp. suddenly. 倒下；跌倒
3. Am.E autumn （美）秋天
syn: drop; descend; sink ant: rise
fall asleep to go to sleep 入睡
fall ill to be not well in health 患病
fall in love with 爱上 fall off 跌落；下降
fall over 跌倒；倒下 fall to pieces 崩溃；倒塌
false adj. 1. not true or correct 不正确的
2. not real 假的
syn: wrong; incorrect ant: true; correct
familiar adj. having a thorough knowledge(of) 熟悉
ant: unfamiliar
be familiar with 对……熟悉
family n. any group of people related by blood or marriage, esp. a group of parents and their children 家庭；家族
syn: household
famous adj. very well known 著名的；有名的
syn: remarkable ant: obscure
be famous for 因……而著名
fan n. 1. an instrument meant to make a flow of (cool) air, such as an arrangement of feathers or paper in a half circle waved by hand, or a set of broad blades turned by a motor 扇子
2. a very keen follower or supporter, esp. of a sport or famous person 球迷
far adj. & adv. (farther farthest further furthest) a long way 远的/地
syn: remote ant: near
far away a long way. 遥远的；远离的
far from farther than; instead of 远离；完全不
so far until now 到目前为止
farm n. an area of land, with its buildings, concerned with the growing of crops or the raising of animals 农场；农庄
farmer n. a person who owns or plants the work on a farm
农夫；农场主；牧场主
syn: peasant
farther adv. & adj. （far的比较级） more far 较远；更远
syn: further ant: nearer
fast adj. quick; moving quickly 快的 迅速的
adv. quickly快地；迅速地
syn: quick adv. quickly ant: slow adv. slowly
fasten v. to make or become firmly fixed or joined 扎牢；扣住
syn: fix ant: unfasten.
fat adj. having (too) much fat 肥胖的；
n. the material under the skins of animals and human beings which helps to keep them warm 脂肪
syn: feshy ant: lean
father n. a male parent 父亲
fault n. a mistake or imperfection 缺点；毛病
syn: mistake ant: merit; excellent
favo(u)r n. a kind act 恩慰；好意；帮助
syn: kindness ant: animus
favo(u)rite n. something or someone that is loved above all others 特别喜爱的人（或物）
adj. being a favorite 喜爱的
syn: preferred
fear n. the feeding that one has when danger is near; the feeding that something is likely to happen 害怕；恐惧；担忧
syn: dread; fright ant: fearlessness
feather n. one of the many parts of the covering which grows on a bird’s body, like a thin stick with soft hair-like material on each side 羽毛
February n. the 2nd month of the year 二月
feed v. （fed, fed） to give food to 喂（养）；饲（养）
feel v. (felt, felt) to get knowledge of by touching with the fingers感觉；感触
feel like doing to have a wish for; want 觉得想做
ant: want
would like to do 想做 would prefer to do 想做
feeling n. a consciousness of something felt 感情；感觉
syn: sensation
fellow n. someone with whom one shares a (stated) activity or spends time in a (stated) place 同伴；伙伴
syn: companion; mate
fence n. a wall made of wood or wire, dividing two areas of land 栅栏；篱笆
syn: hedge
fetch v. to go and get from another place and bring back 去取；去拿
syn: bring
few adj. not many; not enough 少数（的）
pron. not many; no enough 不多（的）
ant: many
fever n. an illness in which the sufferer suddenly develops a very high temperature 发烧；发热
a few not many 一些；少数几个
field n. a stretch of land on a farm marked off in some way and weed for animals or crops 田地；牧场；场地
fierce adj. angry, violent and cruel 猛烈的
syn: violent; cruel; angry ant: tame; mild
fifteen num. (the number) 15 十五
fifth num. 5th 第五
fifty num. (the number)50 五十
fight v. (fought, fought) to wse violence( against others) 打仗；打架；战斗
n. a battle 战斗
syn: battle; war
figure n. a whole human body, as shown in art or seen in reality
塑像；画像
fill v. to make or become full 满；充满
syn: perrade ant: empty(v.)
fill in to put in 填充；填空
film n. 1. the substance on which one takes photographs or makes cinema pictures 电影胶片
2. movie 电影
syn: movie
final adj. last; coming at the end 最后的
syn: last
find v. (found, found) to discover, esp. by researching 找到；发现
syn: discover
find out to learn or discover (a fact that was hidden) 查明；发现；了解
fine adj. bright and sunny; beautiful and of high quality晴朗的；美好的
　 healthy and comfortable（身体）很好的；健康的；舒适的
finger n. one of the movable parts with joints, at the end of each human hand 手指
finish v. to come or bring to an end 结束；做完
syn: complete
fire n. burning with place 火；火炉；火灾
v. to shoot off bullets 开火；射击
syn: blaze(n.)
on fire 着火
fire alarm 火警
fire escape 安全梯
fire fighter 消防人员
fire wood 火柴
firm adj. strong; hard 牢固的；稳固的
n. business company 公司；企业
syn: strong; hard; solid ant: infirm
first adj. & adv. before anything else 第一 before the others 首先
n. the person or thing before all the others 开始；开端
ant: last
at first at the beginning 起先；开始的时候
first of all as the first thing 首先
fish n. a creature which lives in water and use its fins and tail to swim 鱼；鱼肉
v. to try to catch fish 捕鱼；钓鱼
fishing net 鱼网
fist n. the hand with the fingers closed in tightly 拳头
fit v. 1. to be the right size or shape(for)（使）合适；（使）符合
2. to provide and put correctly into place安装
adj. right and suitable 适合的；适当的
syn: suitable ant: unfit
be fit for be suitable 适合
five num. (the number)5 五
fix v. to repair 修理；安装；确定；决定
syn: repair ant: alter
fix up 安顿；修理好
flag n. a square piece of cloth, usu. with a pattern or picture on it,
fastened by one edge to a pole or rope 旗
syn: banner
flash n. 1. a sudden quick bright light 闪光
2. the method or apparatus for taking photographs in the dark
闪光灯
in a flash 一杀那间
flat adj. smooth and level. 平的；扁平的；平坦的；平展的；
n. a set of rooms, esp. on one floor, usu. one of many such sets
in a building or block 一套房间
syn: level(a.) apartment(n.)
flight n. 1. trip by plane 航班；搭机旅行
2. a set of stairs 楼梯的一段
　　　　 syn: flying
float v. to stay at the top of liquid or be help up in air without sinking
漂浮；浮动
syn: waft ant: sink
flood v. 淹没；使泛滥 n. the covering with water of a place that is
usu. dry; great overflow of water 洪水
floor n. 1. the surface on which one stands indoor; surface nearest the
ground 地面；地板
2. a level of a building （楼梯的）层
flour n. grain, esp. Wheat, made into powder and used for making
bread, pastry, cakes, etc. 面粉；粉
flow v. to run or spread smoothly like a river; pour 流动；涌出
syn: pour
flower n. the part of a plant, often beautiful and coloured, that
produced seeds or fruit 花
fly v. 1. to move through the air by means of wings or a machine飞翔；乘飞机；
2. to move through the air 飞行
fold v. to turn, bend, or press back one part of something and lay on
the remaining part 折叠；合拢
syn: lap ant: unfold
follow v. to come or go after 跟随；随后
to come next in order （表示时间，次序等）接着
fond adj. loving in a kind, gentle, or tender way 喜爱的；爱好的
syn: doting
be fond of like 喜欢；爱好
food n. something that living creatures or plants take into their bodies to give them strength and help them to develop and to live 食物；食品；养料
fool n. a silly person 傻子；蠢的
syn: idiot ant: wiseman
foolish adj. without good sense; stupid; laughable 傻的；愚蠢的
syn: stupid ant: sensible
foot (feet) n. 1. the movable part of the body at the end of the leg, below
the ankle, on which a person or animal stands 脚；足
2. 12 inches or about 0.305 metres 英寸
on foot (by) walking 步行；走路
football n. a ball game between two teams of eleven players, using a round ball which is kicked but not handled 足球运动；足球
syn: soccer
for prep. 1. shows purpose （说明目的或用途）为……
2. instead of 代替；帮助
3. in favor, support 赞成；支持
4. t