Unit 1 Lifestyles lesson 2 relaxing language points

Lesson 2 Relaxing—Language Points
重点词语
1． expert adj. n. 专家, 内行, 能手, 熟练者, 有经验者, 老手
be expert in/at/on ... 在...方面是专家
an expert in economics 经济学专家
a fashion expert 时装专家
an expert at driving a car老练的驾驶人
She is an expert in teaching. 她在教学方面是专家。
2． reduce 减少(小, 轻); 缩减
reduction n.
reduce sth. by
reduce sth. to
reduce the speed 降低速度
All the shirts were reduced to 10 yuan.所有衬衫都减价至10元。
All the shirts were reduced by 10 yuan.所有衬衫都降价了10元。
3． Prefer
Prefer + n. 更喜欢
Prefer (not) to do sth. 宁愿（不）做某事
Prefer sb.(not) to do sth. 宁愿某人（不）做某事
Prefer sth. to sth.宁愿（喜欢）……而不愿（喜欢）……
Prfer doing sth. to dong sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……
Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
Ex.
1． Of the two cars, I prefer the red one.两辆汽车中，我更喜欢红色的那辆。
2． I prefer to stay here. =I prefer staying here.我宁愿呆在这儿。
3． Mother prefers me to go shopping with her.妈妈更喜欢我与她一起去购物。
4． She prefers English to maths. 数学与英语相比，她更喜欢英语。
5． Tom prefers swimming to skating.游泳与滑冰相比，她更喜欢游泳。
6． Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.与女人相比，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。
7． I prefer to die rather than give up. 我宁死也不愿屈服。
4． cause
n.原因(a/the cause of)
n.理由(a/the cause for +n. /a/the cause to do)
v.引起
cause sth.
Cause sb. sth.= cause sth. to sb.
Cause sb/sth. to do sth.导致某人/某物做某事
What was the cause of the fire 那场火灾的原因是什么？
Drunken driving is often the cause of accidents.醉酒开车常为肇事的原因。
Don’t be late without cause. 不要无故迟到。
You have no cause for complaint. = you have no cause to complain. 你没有理由抱怨。
What caused his sickness = What was the cause of his sickness 他的病因如何？
He caused his parents a lot of trouble. = He caused a lot of trouble to his parents. 他带给父母很多麻烦。
The drought caused the plants to die.久旱造成植物枯萎。
cause 和reason 的区别
cause 指“产生结果的原因” 或“使某事发生的原因”
Carelessness is the cause of his failure. 粗心是他失败的原因。
reason 指“根据事实、情况或产生的结果,推导出结论的理由或道理”
The reason for the flood was the heavy rain. 那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。
5． prevent
preventable可阻止的，可制止的
preventive预防的, 防护的
prevention预防, 阻止
prevent +n /doing阻止某物/阻止做什么事情
prevent +n.+from doing sth. 使...不做某事, 阻止...做某事
We should do our best to prevent accidents.我们应该尽力避免意外。
Nothing will prevent my marrying her.没有事情能够阻止我娶她。
The bad weather prevented me from attending the meeting. 恶劣的天气使我不能出席会议。
What prevented him from going 什么事阻止了他去
6． Lose weight 减肥
put on weight 增肥
weight n.重量
in weight
by weight按重量计算
gross weight毛重
net weight净重
weigh vt. 称, 称...的重量
What is the weight of this gold coin 这块金币的重量是多少？
It is fifty grams in weight. 它的重量是50克。
Apples are sold by weight.苹果是论重量卖的。
――How much does it weigh 它有多重？
――It weights 6 pounds.它有6磅重。
The man weighed the fish by hand.那个男人用手估量那条鱼的重量
7． suffer
sufferer（疾病等的）受苦者，受难者，患者
suffering(s) n. (身体，精神上的)痛苦，苦恼
The patient kept complaining of his suffering all night.那个患者整个晚上不停地叫苦。
8． diet 日常饮食
Be on a diet=go on a diet节食
dietary adj. 饮食的，规定饮食的
A balanced diet is a healthy diet. 均衡的饮食是有利于健康的饮食。
I'm on a diet. 我在节食
She is on a low-fat diet.她正在接受低脂肪的饮食。
9． take turns依次，轮流
take turns to do sth.轮流做某事
in turn轮流
我们轮流打扫课室。
We take turns to clean the classroom.
We clean the classroom in turn.
10． have something/nothing to do with与……有关/无关
I think the problem they have with the striking has something to do with their confidence.
我认为他们射门上的问题与自信心有关。
My stomachache may have something to do with the food I ate yesterday.
我肚子疼可能与我昨天吃的东西有关系。
11． social adj.社会的
society n. 社会
12． Organize v.
Organization n.
13． stand
Put up with
bear
14． Certain
Certainly
15． make a list