强调句型使用十要素，强化学生的语法知识

强调句型使用十要素
　　It is/was＋...who/that强调句型使用频率很高，高考也很注重对它的考查，然而该句型结构复杂，变化多样，在实际使用过程中颇有难度。笔者认为使用强调句型时应注意下列十要素(本文前五个要素合并举例说明，后五个要素分别举例说明)
　　一、如果强调句型指现在或未来情况用It is，指过去情况用It was。
　　二、被强调部分往往是句子的主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语，但有时也可强调比较复杂的内容，如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、not until...、not only...but also...、...as well as...等结构。
　　三、被强调部分是人称代词时，原句用什么格，强调句也用什么格。
　　四、被强调部分如果是主格人称代词时，who/that后的动词应和该主格人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。
　　五、关于强调词的选用，强调人时可用who或that；如果不强调人一律用that。此时绝不能和定语从句混淆，被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语或者原因状语时不能误用when、where或why。
　　例1：It was him who/that I saw the day before yesterday.
　　析：该句原句为：I saw him the day before yesterday.该句指过去情况，所以强调句型应使用It was开头；被强调部分为原句宾语-宾格人称代词him，所以强调句型仍用him作被强调部分；被强调部分指人，所以用who或that。
　　例2：It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
　　析：该句原句为：I met him in the street yesterday.该句仍指过去情况，所以强调句型仍以It was开头，被强调部分虽为地点状语，但不能用where,只能用that。
　　例3：It was because he was seriously ill that he died.
　　析：该句原句为：He died because he was seriously ill.被强调部分为结构复杂的原因状语从句，但不能用why，只能用that。
　　六、强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is /Was it…who／that…
　　例4：Was it during the Second World War that he died？
　　析：该句虽不以It was开头，而以Was it开头，是强调句型的一般疑问句形式。所以当被强调部分为时间状语时，应用that。
　　七、强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is /was it that… (强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词)
　　例5：Where was it that you found your lost pen？
　　析：该句虽以Where开头，但后边的was it仍说明该句使用的是强调句型，被强调部分为特殊疑问词where，表地点，所以应使用that。
　　八、强调句型中的is /was前面可用must /may /might等表推测的情态动词。
　　例6：It might be in this room that he met her.
　　析：该句It was的was前面虽用might，但该句仍然是强调句。
　　九、被强调部分为时间状语和地点状语时，有可能先接定语从句，再接强调句型，应多加思考，不能混用。
　　例7：It was on October 1st,1949when he joined the Party that he was killed.
　　析：该句的中心不是说明1949年10月1日他入党，而是说1949年10月1日他被杀害，he joined the Party是定语从句，所以，首先是when引导的定语从句，然后是that强调句。
　　十、判断强调句型的使用是否正确的方法是将强调结构去掉，如果去掉强调结构后的句子仍然正确，强调句型就正确，否则就不正确。
　　例8：It was six years ago that he went to Tokyo.
　　析：该句强调句型使用正确，因为去掉强调结构后，该句仍然是一正确句子。即：Six years ago he went to Tokyo.
It is …that英语句型系列补充强化训练
1.--Where was＿＿＿＿＿＿you picked up the wallet﹖
　--Just near the school gate.
　　A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that
2. I must find out why＿＿＿＿＿＿so many students made the same mistake.
　　A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that
3. How many years is it＿＿＿＿＿＿your sister came to work here﹖
　　A. after B. since C. before D. until
4. Is it in the factory＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you visited last week＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿this kind of car is made﹖
　　A.／?thatB. where?whenC. where?thatD.／?when
5.＿＿＿＿It's a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I saw you last.
　--Yes?and what a pity since it will be a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿we see each other again.
　　A. since?before B. before?since C. until?after D. after?until
6. It was because of bad weather＿＿＿＿＿＿the football match had to be put off.
　　A. so B. so that 　C. why D. that
7.It was his remarks＿＿＿＿＿left me wondering about his real purpose.
　　A. which B. what 　C. where D. that
8. -- Was it in 1969＿＿＿＿＿＿the American astronaut succeeded＿＿＿＿＿＿landing on the moon﹖
　　--- Quite right.
　　A. when?on B. that?on 　C. when?in D. that?in
9.It was not until 1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regular radio broadcasts began.?NMET 95?
　　A. while B. which 　C. that D. since
10.＿＿＿＿＿＿is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.?NMET 95?
　　A. There B. This 　C. That D. It
11.＿＿＿＿＿was in 1979＿＿＿＿＿I graduated from the university.?NMET 98?上海?
　A. That?that B. It?that C .That?when D. It?when
12. It was for this reason＿＿＿＿＿＿her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.　?NMT 2001春，上海?
　　A. which B. why　　 　　C. that D. how
13. It is the protection for the trees＿＿＿＿really matters?rather than how many trees are planted.
　　A. what B. that 　　C.／D. which
14.-- Was that the new comer who walked by﹖＿＿＿＿＿.
　　A. It must be that 　B. It must have been 　　C. He must be 　D. This must have been
15. Our classroom is very clean.Do you nowho＿＿cleanedit﹖
　　A. was it that 　B. it was that 　　C. was it who D.he was
16. Now then?children. It's high time you＿＿＿＿＿＿and dressed.
　　A. washed 　B. should wash 　C. were washed 　D. are washed
17.＿＿＿＿＿the people have become the master of their own country＿＿＿＿＿＿＿science can really serve the people.
　　A. It is only then；that 　　B. It was that；when
　　C. It is only when；that 　　D. It was when；then
18. It was＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I met Mr. Green in Shanghai.
　　A. ten years since 　　B. many years ago that
　　C. five years until 　　D. Two months when
　key：BDBAA DDDCD BCBBB CCB