book7 unit 2 Grammar不定式的被动语态
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| 名称 | book7 unit 2 Grammar不定式的被动语态 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2008-10-28 15:45:00 | ||
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课件39张PPT。被动语态的含义什么是主动语态与被动语态？主动语态：表示主语是动作的
发出者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的
承受者。Everyone enjoys exciting sports.（主动语态） Exciting sports are enjoyed by everyone.(被动语态)
被动语态的构成:
be （not） +done1.English is spoken all over the world.
2.The water is being turned into vapour.
3.Those rooms have not been cleaned yet.
4.He was seen to enter the room.
5.At that time they were being shown how to run the machine.
6.Radios had just been invented then, and people were talking about sending pictures by electricity.
7.Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.
8.Before you come back, the building will have been finished.V原形/V-esbe (am/is/are) +V-ingV-ed/不规则be(was/were)+V-ingwill+V原形，或be(am/
is/are) going to+V原形would+V原形，或be（was/were） going to+V原形
have/has+ V-edhad+ V-ed
be（am/is/are）+V-ed
be（was/were）+ V-ed
be(am/is/are)+being+ V-edbe(was/were)+being+ V-ed
will+be+ V-ed, 或be（am/is
/are) going to+be+ V-edwould+be+ V-ed，或 be
（was/ were） going to+be
+ V-ed
have/has+been+ V-ed
had+been+ V-ed
(谓语动词的形式)用所给动词的被动语态填空1.Trees ___________(water) by them every day.
2.Maths _________(teach) in our school.
3.His bike __________ (buy) two years ago.
4.The match ________ (win) by our team yesterday.
5.The work _____________ (finish) in a few days.
6.They ________ (tell) to come on time last night.
7.All the windows ______________(close) already.
8.The station ____________ (build) now.
are wateredis taughtwas boughtwas wonwill be finishedwere toldhave been closedis being built含情态动词的被动语态can、could、may、must、need、
have to、be able to情态动词 + V原 be + V过分be情动用法被动语态情态动词 + be + V过分用所给动词的适当形式填空1.We can ______(finish) my homework on time.
2.The work can __________ (finish) in two days.
3.Tom wasn’t able to _____ (get) tickets.
4.Polly must _________ (take) care of
by Ling Feng.
5.She may __________(teach) by her mother.
6.The book has to _________（write）in English. finishbe finishedgetbe takenbe taughtbe written主动语态变被动语态观察分析下列变化情况,归纳总结出主动变被动的方法。4.Mr. Wu teaches Chinese.
5.We keep our classroom clean.
6.They will close the door soon.Chinese is taught by Mr.Wu.Our classroom is kept cleaned (by us )The door will be closed ( by them ) soon.Unit 2 Grammar
The Passive Infinitive
(动词不定式的被动态)Teaching Aim:
比较动词不定式主动态与被动态用法上的相同与不同之处, 从而更进一步掌握好动词不定式. to do to be + done
当不定式动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，不定式要用被动语态。其构成形式如：to be given, to be shut, to be openedExplanation of the passive infinitivedo be + doneFor example:She hates to be laughed at. (others laugh at her.
? She is laughed at by others)
2. I am expecting to be given a pay-rise next month. (give me a pay rise
? I will be given a pay rise.) 重要提示：请翻译: be to + passive infinitive (to be + past participle) is often used in notices and instructions. 1. This cover is not to be removed.
2. The medicine is to be taken three
times a day.(1)The meeting to be held is of great importance.
(2)The bridge to be built next year is just between the one built last year and the one being built now.
(3)This house seems to have been built by a good architect.Examples:完成式进行式一般式被动语态主动语态不定式--------------------完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been
done to have been
doingStep 1 RevisionDo you remember the following form?一般式表示不定式的动作与谓语动作（几乎）同时发生，或发生在谓语动作之后.完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前.Step 2 Please compare:一般被动式表示不定式动作的逻辑主语是不定式动作的________, 又表示其动作与谓语动词的动作__________或在______发生.完成被动式表示不定式动作的逻辑主语是不定式动作的________, 又表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之____.承受者同时发生其后承受者前小结:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时, 须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。 特点:特点:特点:特点:他们假装没看到我们.(1).They pretended(2). He pretended(3).She pretended(4).She is said to他假装在睡觉.她假装之前已经知道这件事.据说她研究这问题有好多年了.Please translate:一般式进行式完成式完成进行式not to see us.to be sleeping.to have known it before.have been working onthe problem for many years.Step 3. 语法功能To see is to believe.
To be obeyed was natural to her.主语My job is to help the patient.
Her dream is to be sent to study abroad.表语 根据已学知识, 观察判断以下有下划线的不定式在句子中所起的作用, 注意主动态与被动态的差异:(1).(2).The workers demanded to get better pay.
I should like to have been told the result earlier宾语The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.
The captain ordered the flag to be hoisted(升起).宾语补足语 (3).(4).I have something to say.
She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.定语I came here to see you.
He has returned only to be sent away again.状语(5).(6).Step 4 Attention! 以下主动形式表示被动意义:在need，want，require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing.
= The house needs to be repaired．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。The picture-book is well worth reading．
=The picture-book is very worthy to be read．1．2．不定式在名词后面作定语, 不定式和名词之间有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义.He has a lot of homework to do.
I have something to do this afternoon.试比较：
I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。) 3.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。This problem is difficult to work out .
（可看作to work out省略了for me）.4.在too…to…, enough…to…结构中，不定式可用主动形式或被动形式表示被动含义, 但常用主动形式表示被动意义, 因为此时不定式前面可加逻辑主语。 This book is too expensive to be bought.
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.The house is big enough to be lived in.
The house is big enough (for us) to live in.5.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动形式作定语，重点在人; 用被动形式作定语，重点在物。There is no time to lose. (用to lose可看成for us to lose)
There is no time to be lost．(用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确)由于古英语的影响,下列动词 rent, blame, let(出租)等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for starting the fire?
The flat is to rent/let.6.7. 1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seenExercise B 5. It is said that plastics can be used to____ many things. Now people are used to____ plastics products.
A. make; using
B. making; using
C. making; use
D. make; useA7. He___ and was made to repeat it.
A. didn’t understand
B. didn’t be understood
C. wasn’t understand
D. wasn’t understoodD1.句中做定语的不定式与所修饰的名词有动宾关系，且句子主语为发出不定式动作的人时动词不定式的主动式表被动含义2.当不定式置于easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, deep, good, nice,
important, strange等形容词后做状语，
又与句子主语在逻辑上有动宾关系. 3.there be 句型中,不定式用做定语修饰主语且表示被动含义可用主动和被动,无意义区别4.不定式前加了for sb,不定式用主动还是被动取决于sb是动作的执行者还是承受者1.I have three letters ______(write).
2.He doesn’t have enough ______ (drink).
3. I’ll go to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything _________(take) there?
4.I’ll go to Beijing tomorrow. Look! I have a lot of things ________( take) thereto writeto drinkto be takento take have sth done 让某物被(其他人)…… 通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如：They say that Mike is sick in bed.It is said that Mike is sick in bed.Mike is said to be sick in bed.据说麦克卧床不起.People believe that he was killed.It is believed that he was killed.He is believed to have been killed.
大家相信他被杀了.HomeworkGo over words and expressions.
Go over the grammar.
Do Ex3 on Page 56.可也要记得复习呀！1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it. (NMET2002)
A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen2. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need. （上海1996）
A. to persuaded B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded3. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child. （上海2002）
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blameBCAStep 5 Exercises4. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A． write B． to write
C． to be written D． written
5. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．
A． to type B． typing
C． to be typed D． typed
6. ---What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.
A. to read B. to be read
C. reading D. being readBCCMore exercises on P31, Victor English.Step 6 Consolidation:
Let’s watch a flash to know more about how we can use the Active and the Passive Infinitive(不定式的主动与被动态) properly in our daily life.Step 7 Homework:
Finish Ex2 in Discovering useful structures on P14, Student’s Book. My mother felt alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple.
My mother was alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple.
Look at the sentences. Though the structure seems like a passive sentence, it is not. A passive sentence indicates a passive action while this sentence describes a situation when someone has the feeling of alarm. “alarmed” is an adjective formed by V + ed.Key!转换规则：用公式表示为:(主动)S+V+O S(O)+V(be+ V -ed)+ by+O(S)，如：
Miss Li is teaching music now. Music is being taught ( by Miss Li) now.
发出者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的
承受者。Everyone enjoys exciting sports.（主动语态） Exciting sports are enjoyed by everyone.(被动语态)
被动语态的构成:
be （not） +done1.English is spoken all over the world.
2.The water is being turned into vapour.
3.Those rooms have not been cleaned yet.
4.He was seen to enter the room.
5.At that time they were being shown how to run the machine.
6.Radios had just been invented then, and people were talking about sending pictures by electricity.
7.Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.
8.Before you come back, the building will have been finished.V原形/V-esbe (am/is/are) +V-ingV-ed/不规则be(was/were)+V-ingwill+V原形，或be(am/
is/are) going to+V原形would+V原形，或be（was/were） going to+V原形
have/has+ V-edhad+ V-ed
be（am/is/are）+V-ed
be（was/were）+ V-ed
be(am/is/are)+being+ V-edbe(was/were)+being+ V-ed
will+be+ V-ed, 或be（am/is
/are) going to+be+ V-edwould+be+ V-ed，或 be
（was/ were） going to+be
+ V-ed
have/has+been+ V-ed
had+been+ V-ed
(谓语动词的形式)用所给动词的被动语态填空1.Trees ___________(water) by them every day.
2.Maths _________(teach) in our school.
3.His bike __________ (buy) two years ago.
4.The match ________ (win) by our team yesterday.
5.The work _____________ (finish) in a few days.
6.They ________ (tell) to come on time last night.
7.All the windows ______________(close) already.
8.The station ____________ (build) now.
are wateredis taughtwas boughtwas wonwill be finishedwere toldhave been closedis being built含情态动词的被动语态can、could、may、must、need、
have to、be able to情态动词 + V原 be + V过分be情动用法被动语态情态动词 + be + V过分用所给动词的适当形式填空1.We can ______(finish) my homework on time.
2.The work can __________ (finish) in two days.
3.Tom wasn’t able to _____ (get) tickets.
4.Polly must _________ (take) care of
by Ling Feng.
5.She may __________(teach) by her mother.
6.The book has to _________（write）in English. finishbe finishedgetbe takenbe taughtbe written主动语态变被动语态观察分析下列变化情况,归纳总结出主动变被动的方法。4.Mr. Wu teaches Chinese.
5.We keep our classroom clean.
6.They will close the door soon.Chinese is taught by Mr.Wu.Our classroom is kept cleaned (by us )The door will be closed ( by them ) soon.Unit 2 Grammar
The Passive Infinitive
(动词不定式的被动态)Teaching Aim:
比较动词不定式主动态与被动态用法上的相同与不同之处, 从而更进一步掌握好动词不定式. to do to be + done
当不定式动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，不定式要用被动语态。其构成形式如：to be given, to be shut, to be openedExplanation of the passive infinitivedo be + doneFor example:She hates to be laughed at. (others laugh at her.
? She is laughed at by others)
2. I am expecting to be given a pay-rise next month. (give me a pay rise
? I will be given a pay rise.) 重要提示：请翻译: be to + passive infinitive (to be + past participle) is often used in notices and instructions. 1. This cover is not to be removed.
2. The medicine is to be taken three
times a day.(1)The meeting to be held is of great importance.
(2)The bridge to be built next year is just between the one built last year and the one being built now.
(3)This house seems to have been built by a good architect.Examples:完成式进行式一般式被动语态主动语态不定式--------------------完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been
done to have been
doingStep 1 RevisionDo you remember the following form?一般式表示不定式的动作与谓语动作（几乎）同时发生，或发生在谓语动作之后.完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前.Step 2 Please compare:一般被动式表示不定式动作的逻辑主语是不定式动作的________, 又表示其动作与谓语动词的动作__________或在______发生.完成被动式表示不定式动作的逻辑主语是不定式动作的________, 又表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之____.承受者同时发生其后承受者前小结:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时, 须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。 特点:特点:特点:特点:他们假装没看到我们.(1).They pretended(2). He pretended(3).She pretended(4).She is said to他假装在睡觉.她假装之前已经知道这件事.据说她研究这问题有好多年了.Please translate:一般式进行式完成式完成进行式not to see us.to be sleeping.to have known it before.have been working onthe problem for many years.Step 3. 语法功能To see is to believe.
To be obeyed was natural to her.主语My job is to help the patient.
Her dream is to be sent to study abroad.表语 根据已学知识, 观察判断以下有下划线的不定式在句子中所起的作用, 注意主动态与被动态的差异:(1).(2).The workers demanded to get better pay.
I should like to have been told the result earlier宾语The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.
The captain ordered the flag to be hoisted(升起).宾语补足语 (3).(4).I have something to say.
She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.定语I came here to see you.
He has returned only to be sent away again.状语(5).(6).Step 4 Attention! 以下主动形式表示被动意义:在need，want，require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing.
= The house needs to be repaired．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。The picture-book is well worth reading．
=The picture-book is very worthy to be read．1．2．不定式在名词后面作定语, 不定式和名词之间有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义.He has a lot of homework to do.
I have something to do this afternoon.试比较：
I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。) 3.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。This problem is difficult to work out .
（可看作to work out省略了for me）.4.在too…to…, enough…to…结构中，不定式可用主动形式或被动形式表示被动含义, 但常用主动形式表示被动意义, 因为此时不定式前面可加逻辑主语。 This book is too expensive to be bought.
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.The house is big enough to be lived in.
The house is big enough (for us) to live in.5.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动形式作定语，重点在人; 用被动形式作定语，重点在物。There is no time to lose. (用to lose可看成for us to lose)
There is no time to be lost．(用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确)由于古英语的影响,下列动词 rent, blame, let(出租)等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for starting the fire?
The flat is to rent/let.6.7. 1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seenExercise B 5. It is said that plastics can be used to____ many things. Now people are used to____ plastics products.
A. make; using
B. making; using
C. making; use
D. make; useA7. He___ and was made to repeat it.
A. didn’t understand
B. didn’t be understood
C. wasn’t understand
D. wasn’t understoodD1.句中做定语的不定式与所修饰的名词有动宾关系，且句子主语为发出不定式动作的人时动词不定式的主动式表被动含义2.当不定式置于easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, deep, good, nice,
important, strange等形容词后做状语，
又与句子主语在逻辑上有动宾关系. 3.there be 句型中,不定式用做定语修饰主语且表示被动含义可用主动和被动,无意义区别4.不定式前加了for sb,不定式用主动还是被动取决于sb是动作的执行者还是承受者1.I have three letters ______(write).
2.He doesn’t have enough ______ (drink).
3. I’ll go to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything _________(take) there?
4.I’ll go to Beijing tomorrow. Look! I have a lot of things ________( take) thereto writeto drinkto be takento take have sth done 让某物被(其他人)…… 通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如：They say that Mike is sick in bed.It is said that Mike is sick in bed.Mike is said to be sick in bed.据说麦克卧床不起.People believe that he was killed.It is believed that he was killed.He is believed to have been killed.
大家相信他被杀了.HomeworkGo over words and expressions.
Go over the grammar.
Do Ex3 on Page 56.可也要记得复习呀！1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it. (NMET2002)
A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen2. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need. （上海1996）
A. to persuaded B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded3. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child. （上海2002）
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blameBCAStep 5 Exercises4. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A． write B． to write
C． to be written D． written
5. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．
A． to type B． typing
C． to be typed D． typed
6. ---What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.
A. to read B. to be read
C. reading D. being readBCCMore exercises on P31, Victor English.Step 6 Consolidation:
Let’s watch a flash to know more about how we can use the Active and the Passive Infinitive(不定式的主动与被动态) properly in our daily life.Step 7 Homework:
Finish Ex2 in Discovering useful structures on P14, Student’s Book. My mother felt alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple.
My mother was alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple.
Look at the sentences. Though the structure seems like a passive sentence, it is not. A passive sentence indicates a passive action while this sentence describes a situation when someone has the feeling of alarm. “alarmed” is an adjective formed by V + ed.Key!转换规则：用公式表示为:(主动)S+V+O S(O)+V(be+ V -ed)+ by+O(S)，如：
Miss Li is teaching music now. Music is being taught ( by Miss Li) now.