语法填空学法指导专题
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课件19张PPT。 Grammatical Filling Strategies
语法填空学法指导
How do you usually solve this problem ?一.规范的做题步骤：
1. 通读全文进入情景,要求看懂大意。
2 . 以句子为单位填空:先考虑语境后考虑语法( situation +grammar )。
3. 通读全文，检查， 修正。
二： 命题方式：
1. 空格有提示.
2. 空格没有提示.
三：典型命题点
空格有提示
A.提示动词 考虑？
谓语还是非谓语,主动还是被动，时态/ 动词单复数 .
谓语 ：
主动还是被动+ 时态+主谓一致.
非谓语：
主动还是被动+ 哪种非谓语+时间关系.
非谓语热点口诀：
主动---ing , 被 动 ---ed
目的/结果/将要 to do ,介词后加—ing
1. He entered , ________ ( hold ) a book in his hand .
2.He entered the room and _______ ( hold ) a book in his hand.
3. The exam , which was originally to be held in our classroom, _____________(change) to the library at the minute.
4.He got up ,_____( hold ) a book and left the room .
5. He stood there ,smiling and then ________ ( sit ) beside me.
6.I politely refused her invitation, ____( close ) my book and walked away. （ 08 一模)
holdingheldwas changedheldsat closed 两个动词
主语+ 谓语1 + and / but + 谓语 2
主语+ 谓语，+非谓语
三个动词
主语+ 谓语1 ,谓语2 +and 谓语3
主语+ 谓语, 非谓语1 + 非谓语2 ( 伴随）
主语+谓语1 , 非谓语（ 伴随 )+and 谓语 2
7. When he ________( come ) in , I was reading a book.
8.Unless ___________( invite) , I won’t attend he party.
9.When _________( heat) water will change into vapor.
10.Once _________( see) ，it can never be forgotten .
11.__________ ( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend
12. _________( shock ) at the result, he said nothing.
13.With the problem ___________( solve), I felt proud of my achievements.（ o7二模） came invited heatedseenArrivingShocked solved14.I couldn’t take my eyes off the amazing scenery as we _____________
(drive) along the river (07水平测试）.
15.________( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.
--- When / if / unless / as / once /After/Before 没有主语 +非谓语（--- ing /---ed ) , 中心句
---When / if / unless / as / once /After /Before + 主语 + 谓语， 中心句
---非谓语 ，中心句
were driving/droveTo sleep16. A boy ________( call ) Jack came here today
17.A boy who ________( call ) Jack came here today.
18. When sending a gift , we should know the interest of the person ________
( receive ) it .( 07一模）
19.My friend had suggested we watch a movie _________ (direct) by a world famous artist.（ 07 水平测试）
called is calledreceiving directed名词+ 非谓语 做定语 、有关系代词时 ，做定语从句中的谓语2. 括号提示其它词： 考虑要填形容词,副词还是名词, 有时要填反义词、比较级或最高级
1. It is very ____________ to go to Tianhe by subway. ( convenience).
2. ________( luck ) , he walked in space
___________( success)
4. The house was _______( bad ) destroyed .
5.This is the second __________( large ) city in Scotland.
convenientLuckily successfullybadly largest6.I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the city’s well-known tourists ___________ ( attract ) and started to read . (08一模）
7 .To show my ____________ ( appreciate ) .
I decided to send her a present .(07 一模） attractions appreciation ?没有提示的空格一般要求：
1.名词前考虑填 ？
--冠词 、指示代词、人称代词所有格（an / a / the / this / that / these / those / one’s
--介词 (多考固定搭配）
空格处做主语和宾语多填 ？
代词（it / oneself / They … ）
1. Reading has been _____good way to escape everyday life .
2. ______ambulance soon arrived and rushed him to the hospital.
3. It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 33_______rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 ____day and night. (07 高考）.
4. I saw a film. _____was very wonderful.
5. The Portland area is famous ________its mountains and beaches .
aAn his/the itIt for 难点突破 一
句首、动词前和句末考虑填副词
（注意前后句的逻辑关系）（however / therefore. Otherwise / even . ever / also / too / never / firstly/ secondly / finally / then ）
注意区别
so --- therefore
but – however
or –otherwise 1. Smoking is harmful to health . Sometimes it _______ causes fires.
2 . I asked a few classmates for help and _______ I made a decision .
3. He was ill . ____________, he came to school late today.
4 .At first , he fell behind but _________ he took the first prize in the match .
5. Firstly , we should be confident . __________, we should try our best overcome the difficulties. even thenTherefore finallySecondly 难点突破 二
一个句子有两个或两个以上相同成分或主谓结构时考虑用连词 ,重点考虑上下文。
1.He said thanks ____smiled a row of teeth.
2.He devoted all himself _______ lost the game
3. He was lazy , ______he failed.
4. The job was difficult _______they stuck to it.
5. Mother was cooking _______he was sitting on the couch watching TV.
but whileand sobut6.I was eating lunch in the restaurant ________they came in .
7.________________ drugs can be used only in serious cases, it will become more common.
8.He always wanted to know _______ things worked. He tried lots of things ___________ didn’t work. He kept trying _____one day it worked .
whenThough/Although how that/which until
Practice2007年高二水平测试
Are you looking for natural beauty and big –excitement in one place ? Visit Portland ! The Portland area is famous 1________its mountains and beaches . The city offers 2__________ you could wish for , from art to sports to great shopping. When in Portland I like to visit places 3__________ I can appreciate the natural beauty. The last time I went there, I visited the beautiful Columbia River. I couldn't take my eyes off the amazing scenery as we 4 ________ (drive) along the river. I was 5________(thank) that my friend, Deana, was driving. .
We then began 6 _________ two-hour trip on a large boat to enjoy the scenery.
Passengers brave enough visited the captain, who let them drive the boat ! 7______ the boat trip, we headed back to Portland to experience more of the city's excitement. My friend had suggested we watch a movie 8 _________ (direct) by a world famous artist, 9 __________ I spent the next one and a half hours 10 ________ (shop). We then set off to a restaurant near our hotel for dinner.
1.for 2. anything / what / whatever 3. where 4. were driving / drove 5. thankful 6. a 7. After
8. directed 9. but 10 . shopping 重点 （ 连词）
It is well-known 1__ _____in North America people are always in a hurry. Children have special lessons 2____ ____sports activities after school. Parents often work late 3_______ don’t get home until 7 or 8 o’clock at night. Most North American families don’t have time to prepare a meal. That is 4.____ _______ fast food is so popular in North America. People spend about 40% of their dollars on fast food.
People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains such as Pizza Hut, McDonald’s, or KFC,_____5____ they can enjoy pizza, sandwiches, fried chicken, and so on. Fast food saves work and time, 6_______it is not nutritious.
Fast food is so _popular in many countries 7________American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not everybody is happy about the spread(扩展) of North American fast food. A group of people in Italy want 8__ ___(fight) against the spread of American fast food. They don’t like the idea of 9__________(open) more fast food chains restaurants 10 _________their cities .
1. that 2. or 3. and 4. why 5. where 6. but 7. that 8. to fight 9. opening 10. in
语法填空学法指导
How do you usually solve this problem ?一.规范的做题步骤：
1. 通读全文进入情景,要求看懂大意。
2 . 以句子为单位填空:先考虑语境后考虑语法( situation +grammar )。
3. 通读全文，检查， 修正。
二： 命题方式：
1. 空格有提示.
2. 空格没有提示.
三：典型命题点
空格有提示
A.提示动词 考虑？
谓语还是非谓语,主动还是被动，时态/ 动词单复数 .
谓语 ：
主动还是被动+ 时态+主谓一致.
非谓语：
主动还是被动+ 哪种非谓语+时间关系.
非谓语热点口诀：
主动---ing , 被 动 ---ed
目的/结果/将要 to do ,介词后加—ing
1. He entered , ________ ( hold ) a book in his hand .
2.He entered the room and _______ ( hold ) a book in his hand.
3. The exam , which was originally to be held in our classroom, _____________(change) to the library at the minute.
4.He got up ,_____( hold ) a book and left the room .
5. He stood there ,smiling and then ________ ( sit ) beside me.
6.I politely refused her invitation, ____( close ) my book and walked away. （ 08 一模)
holdingheldwas changedheldsat closed 两个动词
主语+ 谓语1 + and / but + 谓语 2
主语+ 谓语，+非谓语
三个动词
主语+ 谓语1 ,谓语2 +and 谓语3
主语+ 谓语, 非谓语1 + 非谓语2 ( 伴随）
主语+谓语1 , 非谓语（ 伴随 )+and 谓语 2
7. When he ________( come ) in , I was reading a book.
8.Unless ___________( invite) , I won’t attend he party.
9.When _________( heat) water will change into vapor.
10.Once _________( see) ，it can never be forgotten .
11.__________ ( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend
12. _________( shock ) at the result, he said nothing.
13.With the problem ___________( solve), I felt proud of my achievements.（ o7二模） came invited heatedseenArrivingShocked solved14.I couldn’t take my eyes off the amazing scenery as we _____________
(drive) along the river (07水平测试）.
15.________( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.
--- When / if / unless / as / once /After/Before 没有主语 +非谓语（--- ing /---ed ) , 中心句
---When / if / unless / as / once /After /Before + 主语 + 谓语， 中心句
---非谓语 ，中心句
were driving/droveTo sleep16. A boy ________( call ) Jack came here today
17.A boy who ________( call ) Jack came here today.
18. When sending a gift , we should know the interest of the person ________
( receive ) it .( 07一模）
19.My friend had suggested we watch a movie _________ (direct) by a world famous artist.（ 07 水平测试）
called is calledreceiving directed名词+ 非谓语 做定语 、有关系代词时 ，做定语从句中的谓语2. 括号提示其它词： 考虑要填形容词,副词还是名词, 有时要填反义词、比较级或最高级
1. It is very ____________ to go to Tianhe by subway. ( convenience).
2. ________( luck ) , he walked in space
___________( success)
4. The house was _______( bad ) destroyed .
5.This is the second __________( large ) city in Scotland.
convenientLuckily successfullybadly largest6.I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the city’s well-known tourists ___________ ( attract ) and started to read . (08一模）
7 .To show my ____________ ( appreciate ) .
I decided to send her a present .(07 一模） attractions appreciation ?没有提示的空格一般要求：
1.名词前考虑填 ？
--冠词 、指示代词、人称代词所有格（an / a / the / this / that / these / those / one’s
--介词 (多考固定搭配）
空格处做主语和宾语多填 ？
代词（it / oneself / They … ）
1. Reading has been _____good way to escape everyday life .
2. ______ambulance soon arrived and rushed him to the hospital.
3. It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 33_______rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 ____day and night. (07 高考）.
4. I saw a film. _____was very wonderful.
5. The Portland area is famous ________its mountains and beaches .
aAn his/the itIt for 难点突破 一
句首、动词前和句末考虑填副词
（注意前后句的逻辑关系）（however / therefore. Otherwise / even . ever / also / too / never / firstly/ secondly / finally / then ）
注意区别
so --- therefore
but – however
or –otherwise 1. Smoking is harmful to health . Sometimes it _______ causes fires.
2 . I asked a few classmates for help and _______ I made a decision .
3. He was ill . ____________, he came to school late today.
4 .At first , he fell behind but _________ he took the first prize in the match .
5. Firstly , we should be confident . __________, we should try our best overcome the difficulties. even thenTherefore finallySecondly 难点突破 二
一个句子有两个或两个以上相同成分或主谓结构时考虑用连词 ,重点考虑上下文。
1.He said thanks ____smiled a row of teeth.
2.He devoted all himself _______ lost the game
3. He was lazy , ______he failed.
4. The job was difficult _______they stuck to it.
5. Mother was cooking _______he was sitting on the couch watching TV.
but whileand sobut6.I was eating lunch in the restaurant ________they came in .
7.________________ drugs can be used only in serious cases, it will become more common.
8.He always wanted to know _______ things worked. He tried lots of things ___________ didn’t work. He kept trying _____one day it worked .
whenThough/Although how that/which until
Practice2007年高二水平测试
Are you looking for natural beauty and big –excitement in one place ? Visit Portland ! The Portland area is famous 1________its mountains and beaches . The city offers 2__________ you could wish for , from art to sports to great shopping. When in Portland I like to visit places 3__________ I can appreciate the natural beauty. The last time I went there, I visited the beautiful Columbia River. I couldn't take my eyes off the amazing scenery as we 4 ________ (drive) along the river. I was 5________(thank) that my friend, Deana, was driving. .
We then began 6 _________ two-hour trip on a large boat to enjoy the scenery.
Passengers brave enough visited the captain, who let them drive the boat ! 7______ the boat trip, we headed back to Portland to experience more of the city's excitement. My friend had suggested we watch a movie 8 _________ (direct) by a world famous artist, 9 __________ I spent the next one and a half hours 10 ________ (shop). We then set off to a restaurant near our hotel for dinner.
1.for 2. anything / what / whatever 3. where 4. were driving / drove 5. thankful 6. a 7. After
8. directed 9. but 10 . shopping 重点 （ 连词）
It is well-known 1__ _____in North America people are always in a hurry. Children have special lessons 2____ ____sports activities after school. Parents often work late 3_______ don’t get home until 7 or 8 o’clock at night. Most North American families don’t have time to prepare a meal. That is 4.____ _______ fast food is so popular in North America. People spend about 40% of their dollars on fast food.
People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains such as Pizza Hut, McDonald’s, or KFC,_____5____ they can enjoy pizza, sandwiches, fried chicken, and so on. Fast food saves work and time, 6_______it is not nutritious.
Fast food is so _popular in many countries 7________American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not everybody is happy about the spread(扩展) of North American fast food. A group of people in Italy want 8__ ___(fight) against the spread of American fast food. They don’t like the idea of 9__________(open) more fast food chains restaurants 10 _________their cities .
1. that 2. or 3. and 4. why 5. where 6. but 7. that 8. to fight 9. opening 10. in
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