Unit 4 Earthquakes 定语从句
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Earthquakes 定语从句 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 429.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2008-11-15 10:09:00 | ||
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课件46张PPT。定语从句专练中山市华侨中学 孙浩Relative clause
定语从句： 由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词引导词：引导定语从句的词 关系代词
关系副词
引导词的作用： (1)引导定语从句
(2)在从句中作一成份
(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置开动脑筋：看谁的句子最漂亮？1.A traveller is a person whothat travels
2.A computer is a machine
3.A clock is a machine
4.A fridge is a machine
5.A tailor is a person
6.A beggar is a person
7.A teacher is a person
8.A nurse is a person
9.The panda is a kind of animal
10.April Ist is the day
that does counting most quickly.that tells people time.which is used to keep food fresh.who makes clothes.who makes a living by begging.who gives lessons to students.that looks after people who are ill.that can be found only in China.which is called April Fool’s Day in the West.关系代词和关系副词的作用This is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic .Jack,who is a poor painter,won a ship ticket by playing cards .Lucy is a young beautiful woman ,who went to American with her mother .The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .Jack and Lucy, who are the hero and the heroine in the film, loved each other very much .
the
Attributive
Clause
which指物，作宾语that指物，作主语whose指物，作定语The man whose name is Jack is a poor painter .whom指人，作宾语who指人，作主语who指人，作主语whose指人，作定语who指人，作主语Fill in the blanks with :
who, whom, whose, which, thatA clock is a machine ______________ tell people the time .that/whichA nurse is a person _________ looks after sick people .who/thatHe is the man _______________ I met in the park yesterday .(whom/who/that)Mr Black ,________ work is teaching English , is considered to be the best teacher in the school .whosethat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,
但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。 Is there anything else that you don’t understand ?(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。All the books that you need are here .(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read .(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。This is the same knife (that) I lost yesterday .This is the very pen (that) she is looking for .(5)先行词既有人又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited .注意：that不能用于非限制性定语从句或介词后。Dinner starts with a small dish , which is often called a starter .1.Titanic is the film in which a terrible disaster happened to a ship .3.This is the ship _________ name is also Titanic .5.Titanic is the ship _______________ sank after hitting an iceberg in 1894.4.Titanic was the largest ship _______ people had ever seen at that time . 7.Titanic is the ship where Jack and Lucy met and loved each other . 6.The reason why Titanic sank is that the ship hit an iceberg . 8.The year when Titanic hit an iceberg and sank is 1894 . whosethatthat/which2.This is the ship to which a terrible disaster happened .介词后不能用thaton which in which 1. Jack will never forget the day _________________ he met Lucy for the first time .
2. I will go back to the place ______________________ I grew up .
3. The reason ________ Jack saved Lucy is that he loved her very much .
4. This is the farm ___________________ we picked apples last year .
5. Summer is the best season ________________ you can go swimming .when / on whichwhere/ at whichwhywhere / on whichwhen/in whichThe girl is being taken to a hospital .
Her leg was broken in the earthquake .The girl whose leg was broken in the earthquake
is taken to a hospital . The boy is holding a dog .
He has golden hair . The boy is holding a dog .
His hair is golden .
The boy is Jim .
The boy is holding a dog .
The boy who has golden hair is holding a dog.The boy whose hair is golden is holding a dog . The boy who is holding a dog is Jim .The man is shouting for help .
His house is on fire . The man is Mr Black .
He is shouting for help .
The man whose house is on fire is shouting for help.The man who is shouting for help is Mr Black .The man is Mr Black , who is shouting for help .EndThe man ___________________________________
is Zhang Heng .
2. Zhang Heng is the man
____________________________________.
3. Seismograph is a machine
____________________________________.you/see/in the picture(whom/who/that ) you can see in the picture can/tell/where/an earthquake /will happenwhich can tell where an earthquake will happenmake/the earlist/seismograph/in 132
who made the earliest seismograph in 132 End 4. Howard Carter is the man
_____________________________________________ .
5. Howard Carter found the tomb
______________________________________________.
6. King Tut was the person
__________________________________.
found/King Tut’s tombwho found King Tut’s tomb King Tut/was buriedwhere/in which King Tut was buried . Tomb/was foundwhose tomb was foundEndBeijing is the city which /that has got the chance to
host the 2008 Olympic Games .2. Beijing is the city which/that hosted the 2008
Olympic Games .3. The city which /that has got the chance to host the
2008 Olympic Games is Beijing .which , that , where , when ,
get the chance , host , be held ,
the 2008 Olympic Games , year Beijing is the city /place…
The city … is Beijing .
The year … is … ./… is the year….Beijing is the city /place…
The city … is Beijing .
The year … is … ./… is the year….which , that , where , when ,
get the chance , host , be held ,
the 2008 Olympic Games , year 4. Beijing is the place where/at which the Olympic Games
was held in 2008 . 5. Beijing is the city where/in which the 2008 Olympic
Games was held .6. The year when/in which Beijing hosted the Olympic
Games is 2008 . 7. 2008 is the year when/in which the Olympic Game will
be held in Beijing . 关系代词和关系副词如何区别？1.The reason _______he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.
2.The reason____________he gave us sounded reasonable.
3.I’ll never forget the day ____________we spent together in Paris.
4.I’ll remember the day________we stayed together at that time.
5.This is the factory____________we visited last year.
6.This is the house _________Lincoln once lived.Remember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。whythatwhichthatwhichwhenthatwhichwhere7.(1) He still lives in the room ________window faces to the south.
(2) He still lives in the room _________is in the north of the city. whosewhich8.(1)I will never forget the days ________we studied together.
(2)I will never forget the days _________we spent together.whenthat 9.(1) The reason ________he didn’t come was that he was ill.
(2) The reason _________he explained is not true.whythat10.(1) We will meet at the same place________we met last month.
(2) We will meet at the same place ________we visited last month.
wherethatChoose the best answer to fill in the blanks : 1. I met the lady in the park _____ showed us how to make a cake .
A. which B. who C. where D. whom
2. This is the houses _______ he lived when he was a child .
A. which B. that C. in where D. in which
3. The watches which _____ repaired last week have not been sent back .
A. was B. is C. were D. are
4. This is the mountain village _____ we visited the other day .
A. that B. in which C. where D. whom
5. The baby ______ she is ________ is my little brother .
A. whom , looking B. who , taking care
C. after whom , looking D. whom , looking after
6. Do you know the date _____ Lincoln was born ?
A. which B. where C. that D. when
7. The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief .
A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom
8. This is the only bus _____ goes to the village .
A. that B. which C. where D. whoEnd1.I met the lady in the park _____ showed us how to make a cake .
A. which B. who C. where D. whom 2. This is the houses _______ he lived when he
was a child .
A. which B. that C.in where D. in which 3. The watches which _____ repaired last week
have not been sent back .
A. was B. is C. were D. are 5.The baby ______ she is _______ is my little
brother .
A. whom , looking B. who ,taking care
C. after whom ,looking D. whom ,looking after 4. This is the mountain village _____ we visited
the other day .
A. that B. in which C. where D. who6.Do you know the date _____ Lincoln was born ?
A. which B. where C. that D. when7. The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday
proved to be a thief .
A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom8.This is the only bus ____ goes to the village.
A. that B. which C. where D. who who,that （先行词为人） 有区别吗？1.用who不用that的情况： (1)当先行词为one,ones,anyone,those时。
(2)当先行词为人称代词时。He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise more.2. 用that不用who的情况： (1) 当先行词既是人又是物。 (2)当句子出现一个who等。
（3）关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。He talked a lot about the things and persons that he had remembered there
Who is the man that spoke to you just now?
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.which,that (先行词为物） 有区别吗？1.只用that不用which 的情况： (1)先行词为much,little,few,nothing,none,anything,no,all等不定代词 （2）先行词既是人又是物。 （3）先行词为形容词的最高级或序数词。（4）先行词被the very,the only,the last,any,every,who等修饰时。All that can be done has been done.He spoke of the things and persons that he had seen abroad.This is the very book that I am looking for.Who that has such a home doesn’t love it?（5）关系代词在从句中作表语时China is no longer the country that it used to be.This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.只能用which 的情况:2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which(1) The machine ,which I have looked after for many years ,is
still working perfectly.
(2)She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.
(3)He saw a film, which was about the Long March.
(4)My glasses,without which I was like a blind man,fell to the
ground and broke.
1.介词前置时关系代词只能用which(先行词为物)Remember:Which 在这两种情况下即使在句中作宾语也不能省。介词+关系代词先行词为人,关系代词用 whom; 先行词为物,关系代词用which.
关系代词在介词后不能用that,关系代词也不能省。如介词放在
句尾，引导词可用that 或who,而且可省去。
关系代词和关系副词可转换：where,when,why =介词+which1.This is the reason ______ ______he left his hometown. (=why)
2.I’ll never forget the day_____ ______ we stayed together. (=when)
3.This is the girl ______ _______I learned the news.
4.The person______ _____ I spoke just now is the manager that I told
you about.
5.I’ll show you a store____ ______you may buy all that you need.(=where)
6.I don’t like the way____ _____ you laughed at her.(=that;)for which
on whichfrom whom to whomin whichin which基础巩固 (Correct mistakes)1.Do you like the bike your friend gave it to you?
2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.
3. There are ten students are playing basketball on the
playground.
4. English is a subject I am interested.
5.Can you show me the book which have been translated
into English by Smith?
6.There is not a single person in the street whom I can turn for help.（多词）（错用引导词） （漏引导词）（漏介词）（主谓不一致） 定语从句几种句型归纳：1.This is the most exciting football match that I have ever seen. 2.I don’t like the way in which/that/不填 you laughed at others. 3.It is the third time that you have been late this week. It is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.4.The reason why/that he didn’t attend the meeting was
that his mother was seriously ill.5. The reason for his failure is that he didn’t work hard.想一想 理一理学好定语从句最关键的是什么？定语从句修饰主句中某个名词或代词，起着相当于形容词（定语）的作用，所以也叫形容词性从句。句子那个被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后。要学好定语从句，最关键要掌握以下两点：1.弄清关系代词和关系副词的区别：他们在定语从句中的作用 不同。关系代词在从句中起名词的作用，在从句中担任主语，宾语，表语和宾语。关系副词在从句中起副词的作用，在从句中担任状语。 2.掌握关系代词和关系副词的方法：主要看先行词（假如放到从句中）在从句中所担任的成份，所起的作用。Conclusion引 导 词关系代词关系副词在定语从句中作主语或宾语主语或宾语宾语宾语或主语定语时间地点原因状语
状语
状语
在从句中作宾语可省去 先行词为who
that
whom
which
whose
人
物/人
人
物
某人/某物的When
Where
why三.非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。非限制性定语从句要注意以下几点：（举例说明）1.His mother ,whom he loved dearly,went abroad.
2.This machine ,which he has looked after for many years ,is
still working perfectly.
3.Aqiao,whose parents had died ,had to make a living by herself.
4.The family ,who lived upstairs,are fond of music.说明：非限制性定语不能用that 引导；
作宾语用的关系代词不能省；
要用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句和非限性定语从句难点解析：关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构：1.介词 + whomwhichThe woman general still remember the day on which she joined the army.2.介词 短语 + whichwhomThe fisherman lived in a small house in front of which lies a well. 3. 不定代词 或数词 +whichwhomThere are many books here , none of which belongs to me.China has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is Luxun.4.名词+ of whichShe mentioned a magazine,the title of which I have forgotten.=she joined the army on that day =and a well lies in front of it.=and none of them belongs to me.=and one of them is Luxin=and I have forgotten the title of it 做做试试：1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _________had not been cleaned for at least one year.
2.In the dark street, there was not a single person _____ ______she could turn for help.
3.China has a lot of islands ,the largest_____ _________is Taiwan.
4.The old lady had one son and two daughters,_________ ________ _______treated her well, ______made her very sad.
5.There are forty students in our class,______ _______20 are girls; the rest are boys.whichtowhomofwhichnoneofwhomwhichofwhom你知道吗?As 也可以用来引导定语从句.1.He is not such a man as only think of himself.
2.I should like to use the same pen as I used yesterday.
3.Such problems as are often mentioned should be solved.
4.I will read as many books as are required.
5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.当先行词与as,so,such,the same 连用或先行词本身是such,the same时,关系代词用as. As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。请讨论：as ,which 引导非限制性定语从句
有什么不同吗？1.which的先行词可以是名词，as不可。
(1) The meeting, which was held in the park,was a great success.
(2) All the books , which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.2.which和as都可代替整个句子的意思，但which引导的从句不
放句首。
(1)Cruso’s dog became ill and died ,which made him very lonely.
(2)As we expected, Our football team lost the match again.3.as 引导的从句有(正如……),(就象……),(由……而知）等含义.
(1)Taiwan is a part of China,as is known to us all.
(2)She is very careful,as her work shows,
(3)The lady is very learned,as is said in the book.定语从句和其它句型的转换1.定语从句和非谓语动词：
(1)There are lots of good English programmes which are
broadcast on TV or the radio in China.
------There are lots of good English programmes ________
on TV or the radio in China.
(2)At one time there were long queues of people who were
waiting outside the CAAC offices.
------At one time there were long queues of people ________
outside the CAAC offices.分析基本规律：从句是主动形式，用现在分词; 从句是被动形式，用过去分词。或者看定语和被修饰词之间的关系，如果定语和被修饰 词之间是主谓关系，用现在分词；如果定语和被修饰 词之间是动宾关系，用过去分词；
broadcastwaiting2.定语从句和并列句
1. I saw some trees, and the leaves of the trees were black with disease.
-----I saw some trees, the leaves of ________were black with disease.
2. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of __________there is a pair of glasses
3.The World Trade Organization (WTO) finally opened its
door to China on November 10,_____ a 15-year wait.
A. to end B. ended C. ending D. ends分析：是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的一个关键whichwhomC3.定语从句和状语从句
(1)This is such a big stone _______no one can lift it.
This is such a big stone _______no one can lift.
(2)Please put the letter in the drawer _____ ______he
can easily find it.(=where)
Please put the letter_________he can easily find it.
(3) Please put the letter in which he can easily find it.
这句子正确吗？分析：（1）句从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。thatasin whichwhere4.定语从句和名词性从句
(1) He did all (that) he could to help me .(=what)
(2) All that can be done has been done. (=what)
(3) _______is known to us all, the earth turns round the sun.
It is known to us all _______Taiwan belongs to China.
(4)______ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than
the sun.
AsthatWhat7.定语从句和强调句
(1) It is in this room ______I lived last year.
It is the room _______I lived last year.
(2) It was at seven o’clock ________he went
to school this morning.
It was seven o’clock _______he went to
school this morning. 分析：强调句句型：It is/was +被强调的成份+that/who +其它部分去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立。(1) I lived in this room last year. (2) He went to school at seven this morning.而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成份。thatwherethatwhen8.定语从句和同位语从句
(1)The news ________our volleyball team won the
match made us excited.
(2)The news __________he told me yesterday is exciting.
(3)The problem __________we should answer for the
accident is clear to you.
(4)The problem __________he asked me to solve is hard to solve.分析：that 引导 同位语从句，在从句中不充当任成份，并且引导的句子是说明前一名词的内容， 在从句中不可省去，也不可用which 替代。That/which 引导定语从句，在从句中充当成份，作宾语时可省去，从句起说明主句性质和特征的作用。thatthat/whichthatthat/which高考命题导向：
1.________is known to everyone, the moon travels round the round
the earth once every month. (NMET2001)
A.until B. As C.That D. What
2.The film brought the hours back to me _______I was taken good
care of in that far-away village.NMET2001)
A.until B.which C. when D.where
3.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_____,
of course,made the others unhappy.(NMET2000)
A.who B. which C. this D.what
4.Carol said the work would be done by October,______personally I doubt
very much.(NMET99)
A.it B.that C. when D.whichAsCBD5.After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town
_______he grew up as a child. (NMET96)
A. which B. where C.that D. when
6.The weather turned to be very good,________was more than we
could expect. (NMET94 )
A.what B.which C.that D. it
7.In the dark street , there was not a single person ________she could
turn for help.(NMET 92)
A. that B.who C. from whom D. to whom
8. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _______
hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (NMET90)
A. these B. those C. that D. whichBBDDThank you! Good bye!
定语从句： 由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词引导词：引导定语从句的词 关系代词
关系副词
引导词的作用： (1)引导定语从句
(2)在从句中作一成份
(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置开动脑筋：看谁的句子最漂亮？1.A traveller is a person whothat travels
2.A computer is a machine
3.A clock is a machine
4.A fridge is a machine
5.A tailor is a person
6.A beggar is a person
7.A teacher is a person
8.A nurse is a person
9.The panda is a kind of animal
10.April Ist is the day
that does counting most quickly.that tells people time.which is used to keep food fresh.who makes clothes.who makes a living by begging.who gives lessons to students.that looks after people who are ill.that can be found only in China.which is called April Fool’s Day in the West.关系代词和关系副词的作用This is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic .Jack,who is a poor painter,won a ship ticket by playing cards .Lucy is a young beautiful woman ,who went to American with her mother .The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .Jack and Lucy, who are the hero and the heroine in the film, loved each other very much .
the
Attributive
Clause
which指物，作宾语that指物，作主语whose指物，作定语The man whose name is Jack is a poor painter .whom指人，作宾语who指人，作主语who指人，作主语whose指人，作定语who指人，作主语Fill in the blanks with :
who, whom, whose, which, thatA clock is a machine ______________ tell people the time .that/whichA nurse is a person _________ looks after sick people .who/thatHe is the man _______________ I met in the park yesterday .(whom/who/that)Mr Black ,________ work is teaching English , is considered to be the best teacher in the school .whosethat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,
但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。 Is there anything else that you don’t understand ?(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。All the books that you need are here .(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read .(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。This is the same knife (that) I lost yesterday .This is the very pen (that) she is looking for .(5)先行词既有人又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited .注意：that不能用于非限制性定语从句或介词后。Dinner starts with a small dish , which is often called a starter .1.Titanic is the film in which a terrible disaster happened to a ship .3.This is the ship _________ name is also Titanic .5.Titanic is the ship _______________ sank after hitting an iceberg in 1894.4.Titanic was the largest ship _______ people had ever seen at that time . 7.Titanic is the ship where Jack and Lucy met and loved each other . 6.The reason why Titanic sank is that the ship hit an iceberg . 8.The year when Titanic hit an iceberg and sank is 1894 . whosethatthat/which2.This is the ship to which a terrible disaster happened .介词后不能用thaton which in which 1. Jack will never forget the day _________________ he met Lucy for the first time .
2. I will go back to the place ______________________ I grew up .
3. The reason ________ Jack saved Lucy is that he loved her very much .
4. This is the farm ___________________ we picked apples last year .
5. Summer is the best season ________________ you can go swimming .when / on whichwhere/ at whichwhywhere / on whichwhen/in whichThe girl is being taken to a hospital .
Her leg was broken in the earthquake .The girl whose leg was broken in the earthquake
is taken to a hospital . The boy is holding a dog .
He has golden hair . The boy is holding a dog .
His hair is golden .
The boy is Jim .
The boy is holding a dog .
The boy who has golden hair is holding a dog.The boy whose hair is golden is holding a dog . The boy who is holding a dog is Jim .The man is shouting for help .
His house is on fire . The man is Mr Black .
He is shouting for help .
The man whose house is on fire is shouting for help.The man who is shouting for help is Mr Black .The man is Mr Black , who is shouting for help .EndThe man ___________________________________
is Zhang Heng .
2. Zhang Heng is the man
____________________________________.
3. Seismograph is a machine
____________________________________.you/see/in the picture(whom/who/that ) you can see in the picture can/tell/where/an earthquake /will happenwhich can tell where an earthquake will happenmake/the earlist/seismograph/in 132
who made the earliest seismograph in 132 End 4. Howard Carter is the man
_____________________________________________ .
5. Howard Carter found the tomb
______________________________________________.
6. King Tut was the person
__________________________________.
found/King Tut’s tombwho found King Tut’s tomb King Tut/was buriedwhere/in which King Tut was buried . Tomb/was foundwhose tomb was foundEndBeijing is the city which /that has got the chance to
host the 2008 Olympic Games .2. Beijing is the city which/that hosted the 2008
Olympic Games .3. The city which /that has got the chance to host the
2008 Olympic Games is Beijing .which , that , where , when ,
get the chance , host , be held ,
the 2008 Olympic Games , year Beijing is the city /place…
The city … is Beijing .
The year … is … ./… is the year….Beijing is the city /place…
The city … is Beijing .
The year … is … ./… is the year….which , that , where , when ,
get the chance , host , be held ,
the 2008 Olympic Games , year 4. Beijing is the place where/at which the Olympic Games
was held in 2008 . 5. Beijing is the city where/in which the 2008 Olympic
Games was held .6. The year when/in which Beijing hosted the Olympic
Games is 2008 . 7. 2008 is the year when/in which the Olympic Game will
be held in Beijing . 关系代词和关系副词如何区别？1.The reason _______he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.
2.The reason____________he gave us sounded reasonable.
3.I’ll never forget the day ____________we spent together in Paris.
4.I’ll remember the day________we stayed together at that time.
5.This is the factory____________we visited last year.
6.This is the house _________Lincoln once lived.Remember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。whythatwhichthatwhichwhenthatwhichwhere7.(1) He still lives in the room ________window faces to the south.
(2) He still lives in the room _________is in the north of the city. whosewhich8.(1)I will never forget the days ________we studied together.
(2)I will never forget the days _________we spent together.whenthat 9.(1) The reason ________he didn’t come was that he was ill.
(2) The reason _________he explained is not true.whythat10.(1) We will meet at the same place________we met last month.
(2) We will meet at the same place ________we visited last month.
wherethatChoose the best answer to fill in the blanks : 1. I met the lady in the park _____ showed us how to make a cake .
A. which B. who C. where D. whom
2. This is the houses _______ he lived when he was a child .
A. which B. that C. in where D. in which
3. The watches which _____ repaired last week have not been sent back .
A. was B. is C. were D. are
4. This is the mountain village _____ we visited the other day .
A. that B. in which C. where D. whom
5. The baby ______ she is ________ is my little brother .
A. whom , looking B. who , taking care
C. after whom , looking D. whom , looking after
6. Do you know the date _____ Lincoln was born ?
A. which B. where C. that D. when
7. The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief .
A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom
8. This is the only bus _____ goes to the village .
A. that B. which C. where D. whoEnd1.I met the lady in the park _____ showed us how to make a cake .
A. which B. who C. where D. whom 2. This is the houses _______ he lived when he
was a child .
A. which B. that C.in where D. in which 3. The watches which _____ repaired last week
have not been sent back .
A. was B. is C. were D. are 5.The baby ______ she is _______ is my little
brother .
A. whom , looking B. who ,taking care
C. after whom ,looking D. whom ,looking after 4. This is the mountain village _____ we visited
the other day .
A. that B. in which C. where D. who6.Do you know the date _____ Lincoln was born ?
A. which B. where C. that D. when7. The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday
proved to be a thief .
A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom8.This is the only bus ____ goes to the village.
A. that B. which C. where D. who who,that （先行词为人） 有区别吗？1.用who不用that的情况： (1)当先行词为one,ones,anyone,those时。
(2)当先行词为人称代词时。He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise more.2. 用that不用who的情况： (1) 当先行词既是人又是物。 (2)当句子出现一个who等。
（3）关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。He talked a lot about the things and persons that he had remembered there
Who is the man that spoke to you just now?
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.which,that (先行词为物） 有区别吗？1.只用that不用which 的情况： (1)先行词为much,little,few,nothing,none,anything,no,all等不定代词 （2）先行词既是人又是物。 （3）先行词为形容词的最高级或序数词。（4）先行词被the very,the only,the last,any,every,who等修饰时。All that can be done has been done.He spoke of the things and persons that he had seen abroad.This is the very book that I am looking for.Who that has such a home doesn’t love it?（5）关系代词在从句中作表语时China is no longer the country that it used to be.This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.只能用which 的情况:2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which(1) The machine ,which I have looked after for many years ,is
still working perfectly.
(2)She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.
(3)He saw a film, which was about the Long March.
(4)My glasses,without which I was like a blind man,fell to the
ground and broke.
1.介词前置时关系代词只能用which(先行词为物)Remember:Which 在这两种情况下即使在句中作宾语也不能省。介词+关系代词先行词为人,关系代词用 whom; 先行词为物,关系代词用which.
关系代词在介词后不能用that,关系代词也不能省。如介词放在
句尾，引导词可用that 或who,而且可省去。
关系代词和关系副词可转换：where,when,why =介词+which1.This is the reason ______ ______he left his hometown. (=why)
2.I’ll never forget the day_____ ______ we stayed together. (=when)
3.This is the girl ______ _______I learned the news.
4.The person______ _____ I spoke just now is the manager that I told
you about.
5.I’ll show you a store____ ______you may buy all that you need.(=where)
6.I don’t like the way____ _____ you laughed at her.(=that;)for which
on whichfrom whom to whomin whichin which基础巩固 (Correct mistakes)1.Do you like the bike your friend gave it to you?
2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.
3. There are ten students are playing basketball on the
playground.
4. English is a subject I am interested.
5.Can you show me the book which have been translated
into English by Smith?
6.There is not a single person in the street whom I can turn for help.（多词）（错用引导词） （漏引导词）（漏介词）（主谓不一致） 定语从句几种句型归纳：1.This is the most exciting football match that I have ever seen. 2.I don’t like the way in which/that/不填 you laughed at others. 3.It is the third time that you have been late this week. It is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.4.The reason why/that he didn’t attend the meeting was
that his mother was seriously ill.5. The reason for his failure is that he didn’t work hard.想一想 理一理学好定语从句最关键的是什么？定语从句修饰主句中某个名词或代词，起着相当于形容词（定语）的作用，所以也叫形容词性从句。句子那个被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后。要学好定语从句，最关键要掌握以下两点：1.弄清关系代词和关系副词的区别：他们在定语从句中的作用 不同。关系代词在从句中起名词的作用，在从句中担任主语，宾语，表语和宾语。关系副词在从句中起副词的作用，在从句中担任状语。 2.掌握关系代词和关系副词的方法：主要看先行词（假如放到从句中）在从句中所担任的成份，所起的作用。Conclusion引 导 词关系代词关系副词在定语从句中作主语或宾语主语或宾语宾语宾语或主语定语时间地点原因状语
状语
状语
在从句中作宾语可省去 先行词为who
that
whom
which
whose
人
物/人
人
物
某人/某物的When
Where
why三.非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。非限制性定语从句要注意以下几点：（举例说明）1.His mother ,whom he loved dearly,went abroad.
2.This machine ,which he has looked after for many years ,is
still working perfectly.
3.Aqiao,whose parents had died ,had to make a living by herself.
4.The family ,who lived upstairs,are fond of music.说明：非限制性定语不能用that 引导；
作宾语用的关系代词不能省；
要用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句和非限性定语从句难点解析：关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构：1.介词 + whomwhichThe woman general still remember the day on which she joined the army.2.介词 短语 + whichwhomThe fisherman lived in a small house in front of which lies a well. 3. 不定代词 或数词 +whichwhomThere are many books here , none of which belongs to me.China has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is Luxun.4.名词+ of whichShe mentioned a magazine,the title of which I have forgotten.=she joined the army on that day =and a well lies in front of it.=and none of them belongs to me.=and one of them is Luxin=and I have forgotten the title of it 做做试试：1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _________had not been cleaned for at least one year.
2.In the dark street, there was not a single person _____ ______she could turn for help.
3.China has a lot of islands ,the largest_____ _________is Taiwan.
4.The old lady had one son and two daughters,_________ ________ _______treated her well, ______made her very sad.
5.There are forty students in our class,______ _______20 are girls; the rest are boys.whichtowhomofwhichnoneofwhomwhichofwhom你知道吗?As 也可以用来引导定语从句.1.He is not such a man as only think of himself.
2.I should like to use the same pen as I used yesterday.
3.Such problems as are often mentioned should be solved.
4.I will read as many books as are required.
5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.当先行词与as,so,such,the same 连用或先行词本身是such,the same时,关系代词用as. As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。请讨论：as ,which 引导非限制性定语从句
有什么不同吗？1.which的先行词可以是名词，as不可。
(1) The meeting, which was held in the park,was a great success.
(2) All the books , which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.2.which和as都可代替整个句子的意思，但which引导的从句不
放句首。
(1)Cruso’s dog became ill and died ,which made him very lonely.
(2)As we expected, Our football team lost the match again.3.as 引导的从句有(正如……),(就象……),(由……而知）等含义.
(1)Taiwan is a part of China,as is known to us all.
(2)She is very careful,as her work shows,
(3)The lady is very learned,as is said in the book.定语从句和其它句型的转换1.定语从句和非谓语动词：
(1)There are lots of good English programmes which are
broadcast on TV or the radio in China.
------There are lots of good English programmes ________
on TV or the radio in China.
(2)At one time there were long queues of people who were
waiting outside the CAAC offices.
------At one time there were long queues of people ________
outside the CAAC offices.分析基本规律：从句是主动形式，用现在分词; 从句是被动形式，用过去分词。或者看定语和被修饰词之间的关系，如果定语和被修饰 词之间是主谓关系，用现在分词；如果定语和被修饰 词之间是动宾关系，用过去分词；
broadcastwaiting2.定语从句和并列句
1. I saw some trees, and the leaves of the trees were black with disease.
-----I saw some trees, the leaves of ________were black with disease.
2. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of __________there is a pair of glasses
3.The World Trade Organization (WTO) finally opened its
door to China on November 10,_____ a 15-year wait.
A. to end B. ended C. ending D. ends分析：是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的一个关键whichwhomC3.定语从句和状语从句
(1)This is such a big stone _______no one can lift it.
This is such a big stone _______no one can lift.
(2)Please put the letter in the drawer _____ ______he
can easily find it.(=where)
Please put the letter_________he can easily find it.
(3) Please put the letter in which he can easily find it.
这句子正确吗？分析：（1）句从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。thatasin whichwhere4.定语从句和名词性从句
(1) He did all (that) he could to help me .(=what)
(2) All that can be done has been done. (=what)
(3) _______is known to us all, the earth turns round the sun.
It is known to us all _______Taiwan belongs to China.
(4)______ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than
the sun.
AsthatWhat7.定语从句和强调句
(1) It is in this room ______I lived last year.
It is the room _______I lived last year.
(2) It was at seven o’clock ________he went
to school this morning.
It was seven o’clock _______he went to
school this morning. 分析：强调句句型：It is/was +被强调的成份+that/who +其它部分去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立。(1) I lived in this room last year. (2) He went to school at seven this morning.而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成份。thatwherethatwhen8.定语从句和同位语从句
(1)The news ________our volleyball team won the
match made us excited.
(2)The news __________he told me yesterday is exciting.
(3)The problem __________we should answer for the
accident is clear to you.
(4)The problem __________he asked me to solve is hard to solve.分析：that 引导 同位语从句，在从句中不充当任成份，并且引导的句子是说明前一名词的内容， 在从句中不可省去，也不可用which 替代。That/which 引导定语从句，在从句中充当成份，作宾语时可省去，从句起说明主句性质和特征的作用。thatthat/whichthatthat/which高考命题导向：
1.________is known to everyone, the moon travels round the round
the earth once every month. (NMET2001)
A.until B. As C.That D. What
2.The film brought the hours back to me _______I was taken good
care of in that far-away village.NMET2001)
A.until B.which C. when D.where
3.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_____,
of course,made the others unhappy.(NMET2000)
A.who B. which C. this D.what
4.Carol said the work would be done by October,______personally I doubt
very much.(NMET99)
A.it B.that C. when D.whichAsCBD5.After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town
_______he grew up as a child. (NMET96)
A. which B. where C.that D. when
6.The weather turned to be very good,________was more than we
could expect. (NMET94 )
A.what B.which C.that D. it
7.In the dark street , there was not a single person ________she could
turn for help.(NMET 92)
A. that B.who C. from whom D. to whom
8. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _______
hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (NMET90)
A. these B. those C. that D. whichBBDDThank you! Good bye!