形容词副词

课件85张PPT。形容词&副词目 录
考点要览
考点精讲
疑难点击
考点要览 ⊙形容词作定语及多个时的位置顺序
⊙形容词和副词的比较等级用法
⊙何时形容词后置
⊙-ly结尾的形容词
⊙定语形容词和表语形容词
⊙词形一致的形容词和副词形容
词
和
副
词● 考点精讲基本概念及用法
定语形容词表语形容词
-ly结尾的形容词
多个形容词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序
何时形容词后置
形容词主动意义和被动意义形
容
词副
词形容词副词比较等级的常见句型
形容词副词比较等级的修饰语基本概念及用法
形容词变副词规则
副词辨析（一）形容词
形容词是以修饰名词或表示人或事物的特征的词，在句中充当定语修饰名词，代词，也可做表语表示主语的状态特征，也可做主语，状语。08 上海44Some people maintain that watching violence on TV is one of the major causes of ____ behavior and crime in society.
A. childish
B. artificial
C. aggressive
D. heroic(2006 福建)Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally____.
A. friendly
B. various
C. common
D. changeable(2006 浙江)Letterboxes are much more in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
A. common
B. normal
C. ordinary
D. usual( 2007 湖北)Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a ______ environment.
A. peaceful
B. sensitive
C. common
D. stable( 2007 上海)John was dismissed last week because of his _____ attitude towards his job.
A. informal
B. casual
C. determined
D. earnest
1.基本用法: 1)定语(放在名词前); Jim is a diligent boy.
2)表语(放在系动词后); John is honest.
3)宾语补足语; You must keep the room clean.
4)the+形容词可转化为名词; The young are energetic.
( 2007 江西)The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ____ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.
A. good B. better C. best D. well(2004 湖北)On hearing the news of the accident in coal mine, she____ pale.
A. got
B. changed
C. went
D. appeared表语形容词与定语形容词表语形容词
某些以a-开头的形容词：
afraid alike alive alone
ashamed asleep awake aware
asleep
某些表示健康的形容词：
fine poorly well unwell ill faint
某些描述感觉或心情的形容词：
glad pleased sorry upset content able unable worth sure fond
定语形容词起强调作用的only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), certain(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), present(在场的)，
由名词等转化而来的wooden(木制的), woolen(羊毛制的), drunken(醉的), medical, daily, weekly, electric, former(前任的), some, any, little, many, 及one-eyed之类的复合形容词等。作定语与作表语意义不同的adj. 表语 定语
certain确定的 特定的
ill有病的 坏的
late晚的，迟到的 已故的，最新的
ready准备好的 现成的-ly结尾的形容词：名词+ly：
live生命，生活 lively生动的，活泼的
love热爱 lovely 可爱的
friend 朋友 friendly 友好的
时间 +ly :
daily, weekly, monthly, yearly
a monthly journal; be published monthly

多个形容词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序限定词(those) + 数量adj. (three) + 描绘adj. (ugly)
+ 大小、长短、高低等形体adj. (large) + 新旧(old)
+ 颜色(red) + 国籍 + 材料(wood) + 被修饰n. (table)those three ugly large old red wood table限数描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；
颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。
(辽宁卷)John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ________ car.
A. large German white
B. large white German
C. white large German
D. German large white（浙江卷)________ students are required to take part in the boat.
A. Ten strong young Chinese
B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong
D. Young strong ten Chinese(重庆卷)The husband gave his wife ________ every month in order to please her.
A. all half his income
B. his half all income
C. half his all income
D. all his half income(全国卷)—How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
—It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ________ days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny
B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few
D. few sunny last形容词后置：形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后。
a. 形容词短语作定语时要后置b. 表语形容词作定语要后置All the people________ at the party were his supporters. (北京卷)
A. present
B. thankful
C. interested
D. important“Things____ will never come again! ”I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A. lost
B. losing
C. to lose
D. have lostC. 修饰不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等时 There is something difficult in this book.
④enough 修饰形容词、副词时要后置, 修饰名词时可放在名词的前后。(全国卷)____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
A. Brave enough students
B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough
D. Students enough brave形容词的主动意义和被动意义The weather is pleasant these days.
He is pleased with our compositions.
The cartoon is very interesting.
Even my parents are interested in the cartoon.
(北京卷)—I’m very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. —En, it does have a ________ smell.
A. pleasant; pleased
B. pleased; pleased
C. pleasant; pleasant
D. pleased; pleasant2006安徽卷Tom sounds very much in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it．
A．interested B．interesting
C．interestingly D．interestedly副词形容词加ly变副词的规则(1) 直接加ly
slow-slowly
(2) 辅音字母加y结尾的形容词变y为i，再加ly
happy-happily
(3) 以le结尾的形容词去e加y。 possible-possibly
(4) 以一个l结尾的形容词直接加ly，以两个l结尾的形容词只加一个y careful-carefully full-fully
(5) 有三个形容词要先去e，再加ly
due-duly whole-wholly true-truly
2008 安徽卷27—Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening?
—Excellent! Ales and Andy performed ________ and they won the first prize.
A. skillfully
B. commonly
C. willingly
D. nervously08 浙江18Running a company is not ______ a matter of hiring people — they also need to be trained.
A. simply
B. partly
C. seriously
D. equally用做状语,修饰动词,形容词,副词,词组,或整个句子.1.They listened to the teacher attentively and took notes every now and then.
2. The ticket is terribly expensive.
3.I like English very much.
4. He is really a good man.
5.Obviously,he is telling a lie.
Actually/luckily/generally/unfortunately etc常用来修饰句子.
2004上海 春34______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.
A. Strangely enough
B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough
D. Enough strange08北京26 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.
A. hungry and tiredly
B. hungry and tired
C. hungrily and tiredly
D. hungrily and tired有无-ly，意思和用法都不同: a.表具体（无-ly）和抽象（有-ly）的区别：
wide（宽广），widely（广泛地）
deep（深），deeply（深深地）
high（高，位置高），highly（高度地）
low（位置低），lowly（地位卑微）
close 接近（指距离） closely 仔细地；密切地
free免费地 freely 自由地，无拘束地
08 上海42Food safety is important, so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution.
A. highly
B. reasonably
C. strongly
D. naturally(2002 北京)It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood____ to her mother.
A. close
B. closely
C. closed
D. closingb.有无-ly，意思不同：late 晚；迟 lately 近来
near（近，附近），nearly（几乎）
hard（努力），hardly（几乎不）
most（大部分），mostly（主要地）
like（象…一样），likely（大概，也许）
dear（昂贵），dearly（深切地；昂贵地）
2006上海春招The performer was waving his stick in the street and it ___ missed the child standing nearby.
A. narrowly B. nearly
C. hardly D. closely形容词和副词
比较等级规则变化①加-er,-est,如young—younger—youngest;?
②原级以e结尾，加r,st,如：large—larger—largest;?
③原级以辅音字母+y结尾，则要将y改为i再加-er,-est, 如:heavy—heavier—heaviest;④原级以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个辅间字母再加-er-est,如：hot-hotter-hottest
④大多数双音节和多音节词的比较级，最高级是在原级前加more, most,如：beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful;
slowly- more slowly- most slowly
不规则变化的常用形容词无比较级，最高级的形容词和副词1. 表示比较，特殊意义的：
comparative(ly), relative(ly), special(ly)2. 表绝对意义的
unexpected(ly), entire(ly), excellent(ly),
perfect(ly), total(ly), thorough(ly), whole(ly),
complete(ly)3. 表大小，极限，主观，上下的：
extreme(ly), main, major, chief(ly), senior, infinite
4. 表性质特征的
scientific, wooden, golden, woolen, dead, impossible
5. 表独一无二的，形状的，强调的
only, single, round, level, very, own, simply, favorite, unique
比较等级的常见句型： (1) 同级比较： as …as…，so…as…
Bensahn is as ugly as Furong.同级比较的否定形式有三种：not as … as
not so … as
less+ 形容词、副词原级 +than
He is less nervous than you.(2) 差级比较：The weather is better today than yesterday.
more …… than……
下列情况也常用比较级 ①比较级 +and+ 比较级 ( 单音节 )more and more+ 原级 ( 双音节 ) ，意思为“越来越”，例如： Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
② the+ 比较级，意思为“越……就越……”如： the more, the better( 越多越好 ) The busier he is , the happier he feels. ③ of the two…, the + 比较级
Of the two sisters, Betty is the younger one The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _______.
A. early
B. earlier
C. earliest
D. the earliest—Is your headache getting _______?
—No, it’s worse.
A. better
B. worse
C. best
D. worstThis washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses ______ water and electricity than _____ models.
A. less, older
B. less, elder
C. fewer, older
D. fewer, elder(2001 上海)In recent years, travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, ______.
A. our holiday will be better
B. our holiday will be the better
C. the better our holiday will be
D. the better will our holiday be2006安徽卷Of the two sisters, Betty is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet．
A．a younger
B．a youngest
C．the younger
D．the youngest(3) 最高级：the most ……The mummy was the most boring film I’ve ever seen.
特殊用法：a 形容词最高级，表示非常。
The mummy is a most boring film.
07 上海 271. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ of my friends.
A. more carefully
B. the most carefully
C. less carefully
D. the least carefully比较级结构的修饰语1．用于原级之前：
almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,
three times , a third, etc.
John is almost as tall as you.
The river is three times as long as that one.
We have a third as many students as we had
last term.
　　2．用于比较级前many, a few (用于"more +可数名词"前)
It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.
a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, three times
a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent, etc.
It's cold this year, but it's even colder last year.
2006江苏卷I wish you’d do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less
B. any less
C. much more
D. a little more2008全国I 28 You’re driving too fast. Can you drive ______?
A. more slowly a bit
B. slowly a bit more
C. a bit more slowly
D. slowly more a bit 2006上海春招Some experts think that language learning is much ___ for children as their tongues are more flexible.
A. easy B. easier
C. easily D. more easily 3．用于形容词和最高级前the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second
This hat is by far the largest in the world.
Gold is the very most valuable of all materials .
(2006 江西)I don’t think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen______ .
A. better
B. worse
C. the best
D. the worst使用比较结构应注意的几个问题① 当相比的两者属于同一个范围或同一类别时, 为避免与自身相比要用any other+单数可数名词或any others 或anyone else/ anything else, 如果不是同一范围或同一类别时就不必用other,直接采用比较对象即可。
She studies harder than anyone else in her class.
She runs faster than any boy in her class.形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级前的程度状语
① 注意一些形容词或副词前的特定修饰语。
much to my surprise (很让我吃惊)
be well worth doing ( 很值得做)
be sound / fast asleep (熟睡、酣睡)
wide awake (完全醒着)
all / very much alone (十分孤独)
dead drunken (烂醉)
very much / much alike (十分相像)
His eyes were wide open. (完全睁开) 疑难点击1. 表示倍数的几个句型1）"A + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + B".
This tree is three times as tall as that one.
His father is twice as old as he.
2）"A + be + 倍数 + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B "
The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
3）"A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B "
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
4) "The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B "
The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.
5) 其它
I'm twice/ double his age.
I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp.
The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.
The price of TVs are twofold (adj. 两部分的, 双重的) down over these years.
08 陕西 16 Ten years ago the population of our village was that of theirs.
A. as twice large as
B. twice as large as
C. twice as much as
D. as twice much as (2005 上海)At a rough estimate, Nigeria is____ Great Britain.
A. three times the size as
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size oflong before before longlong before 很久以前
before long 不久以后
long在前,很久前，long在后,不久后。
We were living in a small house long before.
We will have a big house before long. much too too muchmuch too（非常，修饰形容词或副词）too much（太多，un. 或adj. 比较级，也可作n.）
He has too much food and he becomes much too fat.
He eats too much.
too much better(2003 上海)Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_____ to carry all the way home.
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy muchmore than 不只是, 不仅仅是, 非常
more…. than…与其说…倒不如说
He is more than our teacher; he is also our friend.
He was dressed more than simply.
They are more like father and son than teacher and student.
Smith is more diligent than intelligent.not+比较级 纯表示比较
no+比较级 含有对两者的否定
I am not better at English than you.
I am no better at English than you.
(Imply :Neither you nor I am good at English.)
( 2007 陕西)Though he started late, Mr. Guo played the piano as well as, if____, Miss Liu.
A. not better than B. not better
C. no better than D. no better