状语从句
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课件78张PPT。状语从句定义：在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句。1、时间状语从句 as/while/when/before/after/until/once/since/whenever
2.地点状语从句where/wherever
3.原因状语从句because/as/since/now that/
4.条件状语从句if/unless/as long as/on condition that/in case
5.目的状语从句so that/in order that/in case/in order to/so as to
6.结果状语从句so …that/such…that/so that
7.方式状语从句as/as if(though)
8.比较状语从句than/as…as/the more…the more
9.让步状语从句although/no matter+/even if/whatever/as
状语从句重点引导词时间状语从句引导词
when while as
after before
as soon as hardly...when no sooner...than
since
until/till not…until
every time each time next time（一）when while asWe were about to leave when he came in. 就在那时 When the game is finished, the king and the pawn will go into to the same box.
He fell asleep when he was reading.
当…时候
while而，对比He is 82 while his wife is 46.虽然While I worked hard, I failed in the exam. 只要While there is confidence there is wonder. asAs she grows old, she becomes more and more beautiful.
随着
We laugh as we walk.
一边…一边04北京春We were swimming in the lake ___ suddenly the storm started.
A. when B. while
C. until D. before02上海He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until
C. while D. when( 04 上海 )Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by al lion.
A. when B. while
C. since D. once 06辽宁He was about halfway through his meal ______ a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why B. where
C. when D. while04年江苏______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. While B. Since
C. Before D. Unless 06天津The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A. since B. when
C. as D. while 一、时间状语从句as/while /when
1. when+终止性、延续性动词
while+延续性动词
When the teacher came in,I was sleeping.
=While /When I was sleeping, the teacher came in.
2. when (就在这时)
I was sleeping, when someone knocked at the door.3. while( 而)
e.g. He likes music while I like sports..
He is a doctor__while___I am a driver.
4. as(一边..一边)
e.g. As she was milking ,she was singing. （二）after beforeAfter the class, we walk the dog.Do call me before you come.1、没来得及
翻译：我没来得及接电话，他就挂了。
2、趁着
翻译：趁着还不太晚，你最好去把眼睛检查一下。He hung before I could answer the phone.You’d better have your eyes examined before it was too late.要过多久才…It is/was/will be+段时间+before…
It?will?be?years?before?a?woman?will?
become?Prime?Minister.
没过多久就…It isn’t/ wasn’t/won’t be …before…
It was not long before she
became?Prime?Minister.
注意：since /before
It is +some time+ since+ did(点时间)
did 如果是延续性，则表该动作终止以来多长时间了。
e.g. We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.(自从我不在工厂上班以来 ………)
03年北京He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation ______ it got worse.
A. until B. when
C. before D. asSeveral weeks had gone by ______I realized the painting, was missing. ( 04 )
A. as B. before
C. since D. whenIt is almost five years we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since
C. after D. whenIt was evening _______ we reached the little town of Winchester .
A. that B. until
C. since D. before04福建Scientists say it may be five or six years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. since B. after
C. before D. when06四川－Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?
－He rushed out of the room____ I could say a word.
A. before B. until C. when D. after
05北京春It is almost five years ______ we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since
C. after D. because
连接词before的小结：一．Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
二．
1）句型It will be/was＋段时间＋before…
“还要过多久才……”
It will be two years before he leaves the country.
2）句型It will be/was not＋一段时间＋before…
“不多久就……”
It wasn’t two years before he left the country.（三）as soon as
hardly...when
no sooner...than
scarcely…when
the moment, the minute, the instant
instantly, immediately, directlyas soon ashardly...when, I had hardly gone to bed, when the telephone rang.
Hardly had I gone to bed, when the telephone rang.
no sooner...thanNo sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.1. (01北京春)－Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
－Yes. I gave it to her ______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest ______ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time3. ______ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.
A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had
小结1．the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。
2. 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 须用部分倒装结构。
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.3．一些含有time的名词短语，如every time, each time, next time, by the time等，以及the day, the year, the morning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。
The day he returned home, his dog was already dead.
Next time you come, please bring your composition.(四)until、till及 not…until / tillHe waited until / till the flowers fade.I didn’t leave until / till she came back.
Not until she came back did I leave (03北京春)－Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
－Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in his grade.
A. after B. unless
C. until D. when( 04 辽宁 )We were told that we should follow the main road _____ we reached the central railway station .
A. whenever B. until
C. while D. whereverIt was not ______ she took off her dark glasses ______ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that
C. until; when D. when; then
03上海A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners’ curiosity ______ he reaches the end of the story.
A. when B. unless
C. after D. untiltill, until和not…until用法小结：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词 是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所 表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：
We waited until he came.
2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：
He won’t go to bed till/until she returns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.
4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.
二 . 地点状语从句where/wherever地点状语从句定语从句Wherever you go, please keep in touch with me.
省略形式：Make marks where necessary.
与定语从句有本质区别。比较：
Make a mark where you have any doubts .
Make a mark at the place where you have any doubts .
(一个说明动作发生的地点，一个修饰说明the place)三、原因状语从句because 因为
since = now that既然
for 因为
as 由于
becauseDon’t cry because it is over, smile because it happened. since既然=now thatSince you are ready, let’s begin.forIt must be morning, for the birds are singing.asAs she was ill, she didn’t come to the party. for不放在句首，放在句中，只提供一种判断的依据：
as 语气稍弱，位置可前，可后。
since =now that 表示双方都知道的原因。
because 是直接原因，回答why，可引导表语，
也可用于强调句，与because of有区别。
连词有时可被非谓语短语代替：
e.g. Being seriously injured,the little poor boy can’t move at all.for /because /as / since = now that四、目的状语从句so that（以便）
in order that（为了）
for fear that（以便）
总结：后加情态动词may/might/can/could表目的Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.五、结果状语从句that
so that
so…that
such…that结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。
She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 六、条件状语从句if（如果）
unless（除非）
in case（万一）
so /as long as（只要）
on condition that（条件是……）
suppose/supposing ifIf winter comes, can spring be far behind.
If? you? shed? tears? when? you? miss? the? sun ,you??also? miss? the stars .unlessYou cannot appreciate happiness unless you have known sadness too.onceOnce you know him, you’ll like him.
on condition that(=only if a particular thing happens)“条件是”。
e.g. Ron lent me the money on condition that I pay it back next month.
suppose (supposing that)“假设”后既可跟虚拟语气，也可不跟。
Suppose it rains, what shall we do?
provided (that)=providing (that)只要，如果You can borrow the car, providing you get it back to me before 10 o’clock.
( 01春季 )11. The men will have to wait all day _______the doctor works faster.
A. if B. unless
C. whether D. that(03 北京 )________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless
C. While D. As long as七、方式状语从句as（与……一样）
as if（仿佛）
as though（仿佛） I will do as I am asked to.
It looks as if an earthquake ____(happen).
The policeman looked here and there,as if (he was) in search of something.
八、比较状语从句Than
As The streets in Beijing are as crowded as those in Shanghai.
I look much older than him (he is).
九、让步状语从句although（ though ）尽管
Whether 是否
no matter+疑问词=疑问词+ever
even if（even though）即使although, though, as
e.g. _________he is a child ,he knows a lot.
=__________he is,he knows a lot.
Though I love you much, I can’t marry you.
=________I love you,I can’t marry you.
He promised to come,he didn’t ,_____.
总结：although放在句首；倒装时可用as 后面不跟but.；though放在句首，也可用作副词放在句末，译为“然而”。
Child asno matter+疑问词与/疑问词+ever(who,what,where,how)
_______ breaks the rules should be punished.
=________breaks the rules ,he should be punished.
____________he says is not the truth.
=______he says,you mustn’t trust him.
总结：whoever/whatever 既可用于____又可用于_____。/No matter who/no matter what只引导______. WhoeverNo matter what ( 03上海 )— Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.
—Good, and _______ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.
A. whenever B. whether
C. whatever D. no matter( 04 重庆 )You can eat food free in my restaurant _____ you like.
A. whenever B. wherever
C. whatever D. however( 04上海春季 )_____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
2.地点状语从句where/wherever
3.原因状语从句because/as/since/now that/
4.条件状语从句if/unless/as long as/on condition that/in case
5.目的状语从句so that/in order that/in case/in order to/so as to
6.结果状语从句so …that/such…that/so that
7.方式状语从句as/as if(though)
8.比较状语从句than/as…as/the more…the more
9.让步状语从句although/no matter+/even if/whatever/as
状语从句重点引导词时间状语从句引导词
when while as
after before
as soon as hardly...when no sooner...than
since
until/till not…until
every time each time next time（一）when while asWe were about to leave when he came in. 就在那时 When the game is finished, the king and the pawn will go into to the same box.
He fell asleep when he was reading.
当…时候
while而，对比He is 82 while his wife is 46.虽然While I worked hard, I failed in the exam. 只要While there is confidence there is wonder. asAs she grows old, she becomes more and more beautiful.
随着
We laugh as we walk.
一边…一边04北京春We were swimming in the lake ___ suddenly the storm started.
A. when B. while
C. until D. before02上海He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until
C. while D. when( 04 上海 )Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by al lion.
A. when B. while
C. since D. once 06辽宁He was about halfway through his meal ______ a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why B. where
C. when D. while04年江苏______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. While B. Since
C. Before D. Unless 06天津The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A. since B. when
C. as D. while 一、时间状语从句as/while /when
1. when+终止性、延续性动词
while+延续性动词
When the teacher came in,I was sleeping.
=While /When I was sleeping, the teacher came in.
2. when (就在这时)
I was sleeping, when someone knocked at the door.3. while( 而)
e.g. He likes music while I like sports..
He is a doctor__while___I am a driver.
4. as(一边..一边)
e.g. As she was milking ,she was singing. （二）after beforeAfter the class, we walk the dog.Do call me before you come.1、没来得及
翻译：我没来得及接电话，他就挂了。
2、趁着
翻译：趁着还不太晚，你最好去把眼睛检查一下。He hung before I could answer the phone.You’d better have your eyes examined before it was too late.要过多久才…It is/was/will be+段时间+before…
It?will?be?years?before?a?woman?will?
become?Prime?Minister.
没过多久就…It isn’t/ wasn’t/won’t be …before…
It was not long before she
became?Prime?Minister.
注意：since /before
It is +some time+ since+ did(点时间)
did 如果是延续性，则表该动作终止以来多长时间了。
e.g. We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.(自从我不在工厂上班以来 ………)
03年北京He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation ______ it got worse.
A. until B. when
C. before D. asSeveral weeks had gone by ______I realized the painting, was missing. ( 04 )
A. as B. before
C. since D. whenIt is almost five years we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since
C. after D. whenIt was evening _______ we reached the little town of Winchester .
A. that B. until
C. since D. before04福建Scientists say it may be five or six years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. since B. after
C. before D. when06四川－Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?
－He rushed out of the room____ I could say a word.
A. before B. until C. when D. after
05北京春It is almost five years ______ we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since
C. after D. because
连接词before的小结：一．Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
二．
1）句型It will be/was＋段时间＋before…
“还要过多久才……”
It will be two years before he leaves the country.
2）句型It will be/was not＋一段时间＋before…
“不多久就……”
It wasn’t two years before he left the country.（三）as soon as
hardly...when
no sooner...than
scarcely…when
the moment, the minute, the instant
instantly, immediately, directlyas soon ashardly...when, I had hardly gone to bed, when the telephone rang.
Hardly had I gone to bed, when the telephone rang.
no sooner...thanNo sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.1. (01北京春)－Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
－Yes. I gave it to her ______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest ______ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time3. ______ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.
A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had
小结1．the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。
2. 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 须用部分倒装结构。
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.3．一些含有time的名词短语，如every time, each time, next time, by the time等，以及the day, the year, the morning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。
The day he returned home, his dog was already dead.
Next time you come, please bring your composition.(四)until、till及 not…until / tillHe waited until / till the flowers fade.I didn’t leave until / till she came back.
Not until she came back did I leave (03北京春)－Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
－Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in his grade.
A. after B. unless
C. until D. when( 04 辽宁 )We were told that we should follow the main road _____ we reached the central railway station .
A. whenever B. until
C. while D. whereverIt was not ______ she took off her dark glasses ______ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that
C. until; when D. when; then
03上海A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners’ curiosity ______ he reaches the end of the story.
A. when B. unless
C. after D. untiltill, until和not…until用法小结：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词 是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所 表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：
We waited until he came.
2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：
He won’t go to bed till/until she returns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.
4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.
二 . 地点状语从句where/wherever地点状语从句定语从句Wherever you go, please keep in touch with me.
省略形式：Make marks where necessary.
与定语从句有本质区别。比较：
Make a mark where you have any doubts .
Make a mark at the place where you have any doubts .
(一个说明动作发生的地点，一个修饰说明the place)三、原因状语从句because 因为
since = now that既然
for 因为
as 由于
becauseDon’t cry because it is over, smile because it happened. since既然=now thatSince you are ready, let’s begin.forIt must be morning, for the birds are singing.asAs she was ill, she didn’t come to the party. for不放在句首，放在句中，只提供一种判断的依据：
as 语气稍弱，位置可前，可后。
since =now that 表示双方都知道的原因。
because 是直接原因，回答why，可引导表语，
也可用于强调句，与because of有区别。
连词有时可被非谓语短语代替：
e.g. Being seriously injured,the little poor boy can’t move at all.for /because /as / since = now that四、目的状语从句so that（以便）
in order that（为了）
for fear that（以便）
总结：后加情态动词may/might/can/could表目的Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.五、结果状语从句that
so that
so…that
such…that结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。
She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 六、条件状语从句if（如果）
unless（除非）
in case（万一）
so /as long as（只要）
on condition that（条件是……）
suppose/supposing ifIf winter comes, can spring be far behind.
If? you? shed? tears? when? you? miss? the? sun ,you??also? miss? the stars .unlessYou cannot appreciate happiness unless you have known sadness too.onceOnce you know him, you’ll like him.
on condition that(=only if a particular thing happens)“条件是”。
e.g. Ron lent me the money on condition that I pay it back next month.
suppose (supposing that)“假设”后既可跟虚拟语气，也可不跟。
Suppose it rains, what shall we do?
provided (that)=providing (that)只要，如果You can borrow the car, providing you get it back to me before 10 o’clock.
( 01春季 )11. The men will have to wait all day _______the doctor works faster.
A. if B. unless
C. whether D. that(03 北京 )________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless
C. While D. As long as七、方式状语从句as（与……一样）
as if（仿佛）
as though（仿佛） I will do as I am asked to.
It looks as if an earthquake ____(happen).
The policeman looked here and there,as if (he was) in search of something.
八、比较状语从句Than
As The streets in Beijing are as crowded as those in Shanghai.
I look much older than him (he is).
九、让步状语从句although（ though ）尽管
Whether 是否
no matter+疑问词=疑问词+ever
even if（even though）即使although, though, as
e.g. _________he is a child ,he knows a lot.
=__________he is,he knows a lot.
Though I love you much, I can’t marry you.
=________I love you,I can’t marry you.
He promised to come,he didn’t ,_____.
总结：although放在句首；倒装时可用as 后面不跟but.；though放在句首，也可用作副词放在句末，译为“然而”。
Child asno matter+疑问词与/疑问词+ever(who,what,where,how)
_______ breaks the rules should be punished.
=________breaks the rules ,he should be punished.
____________he says is not the truth.
=______he says,you mustn’t trust him.
总结：whoever/whatever 既可用于____又可用于_____。/No matter who/no matter what只引导______. WhoeverNo matter what ( 03上海 )— Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.
—Good, and _______ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.
A. whenever B. whether
C. whatever D. no matter( 04 重庆 )You can eat food free in my restaurant _____ you like.
A. whenever B. wherever
C. whatever D. however( 04上海春季 )_____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing