module2 u2 olympic games grammar

课件38张PPT。
被 动 语 态Can you describe each of the following pictures in English , using
be +done ? see keep cleanMany animals______________________are killed by people every yearkillWaste water_______________________ is poured into rivers or lakes every day pour intoRubbish _______________________________ is thrown here and there.Do you like to live or study in such a place?throwam/is/are told
was/were told
am/is/are being told
was/were being told
have/has been told
had been told
will be told
would be told
will have been told
must/can/may(等) +be+Vpp
一般现在时 →
一般过去时 →
现在进行时 →
过去进行时 →
现在完成时 →
过去完成时 →
一般将来时 →
过去将来时 →
将来完成时 →
含情态动词 tell/tells →
told →
am/is/are telling →
was/were telling →
have/has told →
had told →
will tell →
would tell →
will have told →
May /can/must tell　　 He is asked to do this.　　
　　The story was told by her mother.　　
　　The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
　　The novel is being written.　　
　　At that time the desk was being made.
　　The house has been built.　　
　　They said that their work had been finished.
He said the trees would be planted soon.　. A recorder is used in our English class every day. rob yesterdayA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.A bank was robbed yesterday.must
plantThe tree must be planted on the ground.a talk
give
soonA talk will be given soon.
..The Olympic games will be held in 2008hold — held ---held一般将来时被动语态：will +be +动词过去分词digThe earth is being dug now.The food has been eaten up already.( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A.Is; built B.Was; built
C.Does; build D.Did; build
B( )2.So far,the moon ____ by man already.
A.is visited B.will bevisited
C.has been visited D.was visitedC( )3.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given
C. will be given D. givesC( )4.How many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant
C. have been planted D. plantedC( )5.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A.are doing B.are being done
C.has been done D.will be done
B( )6.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A.knows B.knew
C.is known D.was knownC( )7.Neither of them ______ in China.
A.is made B.are made
C.were made D.made
( )8.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after B.must be looked after
C.must look after D.looked after
( )9.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A.should be listened to
B.should be listen
C.be listened D.is listened
ABA(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法（1） My aunt invites me to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
→ I am invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
（2） The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
→ A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school. 1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。 被动语态的特殊结构1. make sb do
let sb. do
have sb.do be made to do
be let to do
be had to doEg. I made him stay outside.
He was made to stay outside.
2. see sb. do
hear sb. do
watch sb. dobe seen to do
be heard to do
be watched to doeg. I saw her go out. She was seen to go out.注意: see sb. doing
hear sb. doing
watch sb. doing be seen doing
be heard doing
be watched doingEg. I hear her reading English .She is heard reading English.
Try the following:
Did you see them get off the bus?
2. Was Lily heard to sing upstairs last night? (you)
3. The girl was seen ____ with her mother at 8:00 yesterday.
A. quarrel B. quarreling
C. to quarrel D. quarreledWere they seen to get off the bus?Did you hear Lily sing upstairs last night?B
3: help sb (to) V ------ be helped to V.
He helped the old man (to) clean the room.
The old man was helped to clean the room.
Try the following:
1. The teacher gave Jim some books.

2. His parents bought him a new bike.Jim was given some books by the teacher.Some books were given to his students by the
teacher.He was bought a new bike by his parents.A new bike was bought for him by his parents.4. 含双宾语的句子。
含双宾语的主动语态句子变为被动语态时，通常把间接宾语（人）作为被动语态的主语；也可以把直接宾语 （物）作为被动语态的主语，但是必须在间接宾语（人）前加上介词“to”或”for”。
通常用“to” 的动词有：
give, tell, lend, send, show, pass, hand…
通常用“for” 的动词有：
buy, make, get, sing …
5.当主动语态的宾语是句子时（即是宾语从句），变为被动语态时通常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。
We know that the West Lake is very beautiful.
It is known that the West Lake is very beautiful.
They say that Father Christmas is based on a real person.
It is said that Father Christmas is based on a real person.
三、用主动表被动的被动句式：1、表状态特征的系动词feel、prove、taste、
smell、sound….+形容词
+名 词系表结构1)The steel feels cold.
2)他的计划证明是切合实际的．His plan proved (to be) practical.2、表示开始、结束、运动的动词。1)The meeting ends very late.
.
3. 表示动词作为不及物动词时，形式上虽为主动，却表示被动意义．如：wash, sell, wear, cook, write, print, iron
1)The pen writes quite smoothly.The kind of cloth washes very well.
The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day2)这家商店每天下午６点钟关门．2) 这种布很好洗．4.在某些性质形容词＋动词不定式的句型中，其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义．这问题容易回答．
那本书难懂．The question is easy to answer.That book is difficult to understand.在这些句型结构中，动词不定式和主语的关系实际上是一种逻辑上的动宾关系．可以说是动词不定式作主语变换来的It is easy to answer the question .It is difficult to understand that book.5．汉语中有一类句子不出现主语，英语中一般可用被动结构表示Eg.据说…
据报道…
人们希望…
众所周知…
有人建议…
普遍认为…
据推测…It is said that…It is reported that…It is hoped that…It is well-known that…It is suggested that…It is generally considered that….It is supposed that…五.被动语态与“系动词 be＋过去分词”的区别1)如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构．The glass is broken.
The glass was broken by the boy.
系表结构被动语态2)如果句中有地点，频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态．The door is locked.
The door has already /just been locked.系表结构被动语态 语言结构之被动语态
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. The boy ________ to get supper ready after school. （tell）
2. This dictionary mustn’t ________ away from the library. （take）
3. My shoes ___________ . I went out for a new pair. （wear out）
4. We can’t use the bridge now, because it _____________.（repair）
5. No permission ____________ for anybody to enter the building.（give）
was told
be takenwere worn outis being repaired
has been given6. No one knows how the large stones _______ and ______ without our modern machine. （cut, move）
7. He wanted to know what ____________ to her. （happen）
8. They ________________ day and night. （make, work）
9. A half of the news __________ in English. （write）
10. Many bridges _____________ over the river since liberation. （build）were cutmoved
had happened
are made to workis written
have been built
11. The radio says a wild animal zoo is _______ in our city next year. （build）
12. Old people must be looked after well and ______to politely. (speak) 13. This pair of scissors ________ in China. （make）
14. Dinosaurs _________ about 65 million years ago. （disappear）
15. They ___________ to help the farmers with the harvest last autumn. （ask）
to be built spokenis madedisappearedwere asked16. We can find many pictures _____ by Xu Beihong in the museum. （draw）
17. He went there and found the horse ______ to a tree. （tie）
18. Lei Feng’ s name ____________ by all the Chinese people.
（still, remember）
19. She remembers _____ a present when she was young.（give）drawntiedis still rememberedbeing given
22. George told Mary that he ____________________what he was doing during the vacation. （just ask）
23. Every possible means ________, but none proves successful. （try）
24. - Do you like the material ? -Yes, it _____ very soft. （feel）had just been askedhas been tried
feels
25. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to________. （go out）
26. The Anti -Japanese War _______in 1937 and _____|eight years. （break out, last）go outbroke outlasted
作业:
1. We held a class meeting last Friday.
2. People speak English in Australia.
3. We should listen to the news carefully.
4. We will grow more vegetables.
5. Feng Xiaogang is going to direct the film.
6. He is mending his bike now.
7. ?Uncle Wang has found the lost boy.
8. They hear a man sing the same song.
9. They hear the man singing a song at 8:00 a.m.
10. They made the boy wait outside the gate.
11. They report that it will be sunny tomorrow.