Grammar unreal conditionals

课件22张PPT。
the Subjunctive Mood
虚 拟 语 气
What would you do if you had a…?Magic Brush虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 (fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses ), 愿望(wishes), 建议(suggestion) 或怀疑(doubt)等等。
The definition of the Subjunctive MoodRevisionIf I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold.
If I were not to have a test , I would go shopping.
If I didn’t have a test,If I should not have a test,虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法
Revision虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法If…were/did … ,
…would/could/might do …If … had done…,
…would/could/might have done…If…were/did/should/were to…,
…would/could/might do…在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词, 主语提前变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.If 的省略倒装
If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold.
Had you not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold.If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
Were I a millionaire, I would travel around the world.If I were not to have a test, I would go shopping.
If I should not have a test,
If I didn’t have a test,
Were I not to have a test, I would go shopping.
Should I not have a test,
If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold.
If you had not slept with the window open, you ________________ now.错综混合条件句If…were/did … , …would/could/might do …
If … had been/done… , …would/could/might have done…
If…were/did/should/were to… , …would/could/might do…
If you ___________________ (attend) the meeting yesterday, you ____________ (know) what we are doing now.had attendedwould knowIf it ______ (be) not for the fact that his father is the manager, he ____________________ (get) the position.would not have gotwere含蓄条件句I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.
If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.I would have finished the work, but I have been ill.If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.Without air, there would be no living things.If there were not air, there would be no living things.But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.If it hadn’t been for your help, I couldn’t have done it. insist
order, command
advise, suggest, propose (proposal)
demand , require, request, desire
1. 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略其他句式结构中的虚拟运用
He insisted that Mary ______ (be) seriously ill and that she _________(send) to hospitals at once.
The boy’s expression suggested that he _________ (be) angry, so Jim suggested that we _________________( not argue) with him any more. wasbe sentwasshould not argueAll of us are for the advice that the chemical factory _______________(close down).
My demand is that she _____________(come) to see me once a week. be closed down should come注意点: 1. suggest和insist具有双重性
2. require, propose, order, desire等相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气2. wish/if only/as if现在：
过去：
未来：did（were）had done
would/might do
He is a brave man. I wish I have his courage.
The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I didn’t go to it.
If only you will attend our wedding next week.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it had been broken.
We felt as if we knew each other for years.
If only we didn’t miss the train the other day.改错hadhadn’t gonewould/could werehad knownhadn’t missed3. would rather that现在：
过去：
未来：didhad donedidGroup work: 4. It is desired/ suggested/ proposed/ necessary/ important/ strange/ natural/ essentialIt is important that we (should) master a foreign language.
It is strange that she (should) refuse to come to the party.
It’s requested that all the students (should) wear school uniforms at school.5. It’s (high) time +that … did/should do…It's high time that we turned our attention to this problem.
It’s time that our students devoted ourselves to the exam.Consolidation
高考题选练Homework
1. Review the usage of the Subjunctive Mood.
2. Finish the exercise in Grammar and Usage.