课件14张PPT。Unit 3ComputersLook at the seven pictures
below. In pairs discuss what
they have in common.abacuscalculator huge
computerPClaptopPDArobot What do they have in common?DiscussionThey are computers. Then what is a computer?
A computer is a machine which keeps knowledge in its memory and does work on that knowledge. This knowledge is kept in symbols; it is called data. A computer usually has a monitor to show results. However, some computers can speak; these computers can be used for voice mail. Discussion1. They can be used for calculating.
2. They can deal with maths
problems.
3. They are our friends.
4. They are useful and helpful.What other things do they have in common?abacushuge computerPCcalculatorlaptopPDAWhat’s next?2. What do they tell you about the
development of computers?robotWhat do you think will be the next development?Discussion
有人预测现行的计算机体系将在2010年遇到无法逾越的障碍。
但从目前的技术发展趋势来看，新技术不断被应用到计算机行业，Moore定律至少到2010年仍会有效，届时计算机的基本构造应不会有大的改变。另一方面，在沿着传统框架发展高性能计算机的同时，一些新型的计算机体系也已被提出，有些已从根本上突破了冯.诺依曼计算机体系与电子技术的局限，这方面的工作得到了多方面的重视。
未来高性能计算机目前可分为量子、超导、光子和DNA计算机四种类型。Have a rest!
课件54张PPT。Unit 3Computerscalculate
universal
simplify
sum
operatorvt. 计算
adj. 普遍的；宇宙的
vt. 简化
n. 总数；算术题；金额
n.（电脑）操作员；
接线员logical
logically
technology
technological
revolutionadj. 合逻辑的；合情理的
adv. 逻辑上；合逻辑地；
有条理地
n. 工艺；科技；技术
adj. 科技的
n. 革命artificial
intelligence
intelligent
solve
reality
personaladj. 人造的；假的
n. 智力；聪明；智能
adj. 智能的；聪明的
vt. 解决；解答
n. 真实；事实；现实
adj. 私人的；个人的；
亲自的personally
tube
total
totally
networkadv. 就个人而言；亲自
n. 管；管子；电子管
adj. 总的；整个的
n. 总数；合计
adv. 完全地；整个地
n. 网络；网状物 web
application
finance
mobile
rocketn. 网
n. 应用；用途；申请
n. 金融；财经
n. 可移动的；机动的
n.火箭explore
anyhow
(anyway)
happiness
human racevt. & vi. 探索；探测；探究
adv. 无论如何；即使如此；
至少
n. 幸福；快乐
人类from…on
as a result
so…that…
从……时起
结果
如此……以致于
Expressions preview Do you know in what ways computers are used today? Work out a list and compare it with your partner.Pre-reading1. use a computer for school work
2. play games on the computer
3. send emails to friends
4. download music and films
5. surf the web for fun
6. take part in chat groups7. use the Internet to research
information for school tasks
8. buy things on line
9. look at photographs on the
computer
10. read news both at home and
abroad, read books and
magazines Look at these inventions. Can you put them in an order according to the time when they appeared? After reading the passage, check to see if you were right. ( ) analytical machine ( ) laptop
( ) calculating machine
( ) robot
( ) PC
( ) universal machine 1234561) Who is the speaker in this story?1. Fast reading for general ideasA computer.ReadingWHO AM I?2) Reading to get the general idea of the type of writing and summary of WHO AM I?This is a piece of narrative writing.
It tells about the birth
and development of
computer.I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.
My memory improved.
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.
2. Detailed reading1) Where were you in 1642?
2) What were you called in 1936?
3) What happened to you in the 1970s?In France.
A universal machine.
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.
The computer began as a calculating machine．1936The computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.Read the passage and finish the timeline below.1960sComputers were used in office and homes.
Computers connect people all over the world together.The computer had grown as large as a room.Read the passage again and complete the
chart below. Discussion In pairs discuss:
How computers have
changed our lives?Brainstorm a list of things that
you, your school and your family
use computers for.
Think about what you would
have to do if you could not use
computers any more.Fill the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.1 _________ complete change in ways of
thinking, working, etc
2 ________ connected computer system
3 _________ to make things easierrevolutionnetworksimplifyLearning about Laguage4 _________ to find the answer using
numbers
5 _______can be moved easily from
place to place
6 _______ to work out the answer to a
problem
7 _______to travel around an area to
find out about itcalculatemobilesolveexplore8 _______ completely
9 ________ anyway
10 _______ activity of managing money
totallyanyhowfinanceComplete the passage with the words below.artificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyMy brother was very interested in
computers and enjoyed writing programs
of his own. He used to download
information from the Internet and madegood use of it. He liked to ________ the World Wide _______ and used the Internet to communicate with computer programmers all over the world. When he went to university he studied IT (information ___________)and developed a special in ________exploreWebtechnologyartificialintelligence. After developing special ____________of the computer, he hopes to design an __________ robot which can think ________ and look like human being, but in ________ he was a long way to go.logicallyapplicationsintelligentreality calculate
vt. work (sth.) out by using numbers 计算e.g. calculate the cost of sth.calculator n. 计算器Language points2. universal
adj. existing everywhere or
involving everyone 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的
universal rules 一般的原则
universe n. 宇宙; 万有; 世界; 全人类
Our world is but a small part of the
universe.
我们的世界只是宇宙的一小部分。 3. simplify
vt to make something less complicated
and therefore easier to do or understand
简化
The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand.
这个故事里的英语被简写了，可更
容易理解。4. logical adj. 合逻辑的；合清理的
a logical thinker 思想有逻辑性的人
a logical process 合理的程序
logically adv. 逻辑上； 有条理地
He acted logically under the circumstances. 在这种情况下他做事仍然很理智。
Logically, the decision is obvious. 从逻辑上，这项决定是明显的。 5. technology
technique (n.)
technologist (person)
technical (adj.)
technological (adj.)
1) This company is in great need of many ____________.
2) To build this machine, you must have ________ability.
3) Do you know the knowledge of agricultural _________.
technologists
technicaltechnique6. artificial adj. 人造的; 假的
artificial flowers / limbs / pearls 假花 / 假肢 / 假珍珠
artificial intelligence
人工智能7. intelligence
noun [U] the ability to learn, understand
and make judgments or have opinions
that are based on reason. 智力；聪明
intelligence quotient 智商
an intelligence test 智力测验
an intelligence agent 情报员; 谍报员
intelligent adj. 智能的；聪明的
an intelligent reader
理解力强的读者
an intelligent being 有智力的动物
intelligent reply 巧妙的答复
He is an intelligent person. 他是一位有才智的人。 8. solve
vt. 解决；解答
1) I can’t solve the problem.
我解答不了这个难题。
2) Help me to solve my financial troubles.
请帮我解决经济困难.
3) The greatest scholar cannot solve this
difficult problem. 再伟大的学者也没有
办法解答这个难题吧。 9. from…on 从……时起
From then on, the prince and
princess lived happily.
从那时起，王子与公主就幸福地生
活在一起。10. as a result 结果
1) He didn’t work hard, as a result he failed his exam.
他不用功, 结果考试不及格。
2) Five hundred jobs were axed as a result of government spending cuts.
由于政府缩减经费的缘故, 有五百人被突然解雇了。
3) He was late as a result of the snow.
由于大雪他迟到了。
11. so… that… 如此……以致于……
与 too…to… 句型的相互转换e.g. He is so old that he can’t carry the box.
He is too old to carry the box.
此结构中的that从句表示结果。
The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it.
比较: so that 既能表结果，也能表目的。 so...that...结构的so+形容词/副词位于句
首时，句子用倒装结构。
So hard does he work that he seldom
goes home.12. explore vt. & vi. 探索；探测；探究
1) The experts are exploring every part of the island.
专家们正在勘查这个岛的各个部分。
2) He had an itch to get away and explore. 他等不及要动身去探险。
3) Can you explore the market possibility for us?
您能为我们考察一下市场前景吗？ 13. anyhow
adv. 无论如何；即使如此；至少
1) I couldn’t think of the name of that man anyhow.
我怎么也想不出那人的名字来了。
2) Anyhow, you can try. 至少你可以试试。
3) Anyhow I must tell the truth.
无论如何，我必须说出真相。 14. goal n. 目标；目的；球门
one's goal in life 生活的目标
a common goal 一个共同的目标
keep goal 守球门
win by two goals 以两球获胜
He achieved his goal.
他达到了他的目标。
He kicked a goal. 他踢进一球。 15. human race 人类
1) Is the human race threatened with complete extinction?
人类是否会受到完全灭绝的威胁呢？
2) Everything you say seems to be pervaded with a mistrust of the human race.
你说的一切似乎都渗透了对人类的不信任。 S subject 主语
P predicate 谓语
O object 宾语
Att attribute 定语
Adv adverbial 状语
Com complement 补语
Pre predicative 表语
C clause 从句Short forms 缩略语Difficult sentences analysisI am now truly filled with happiness
that I am a devoted friend and helper
of the human race! S. P.我现在充满了幸福感，成了人类的好
朋友好帮手！同位语从句O.Adv.HomeworkFinish the exercises on the
workbook. Thank you! 课件34张PPT。Unit 3GrammarThe Present Perfect Passive Voice3. Learning about passive voice—an overview4. Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice
The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have/ has ＋ been＋~edLearning about passive voice—an overview 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。 现在完成时的被动语态Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice
The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have / has ＋ been＋~ed注意: 副词的位置
often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。如:
[误] Such a man has been hardly
believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been
believed.2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：
[误] Great changes have been taken
place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
China since 1978.2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：
The patients have been taken good care of.4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。如：My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
How long has this book been bought?
How long ago was this book bought?(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2) 把谓语变成被动结构 (be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 主动语态变被动语态的方法(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by them in the
factory.(4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一个保留不动。
主动：I have given him the key.
被动：He has been given the key.
被动：The key has been given (to) him.(5) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动， 改称主语补足语。
主动：I have asked her to help you.
被动：She has been asked to help you.Practice Turn the following into the Passive
Voice.
1. We have planted some trees around the lake.
Some trees have been planted around the lake . 2. My father has locked the door.
The door has been locked.
3. Someone has turned off the light.
The light has been turned off.4. We will hold the Olympic Games in Beijing in the year 2008.
The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in the year 2008.
5. They have rebuilt the bridge.
The bridge has been rebuilt.
试分析：
1) [误] Many new buildings been built since 2000．?[正] Many new buildings have
been built since 2000．?[析] 谓语部分结构不全,时态部
分不完整。?2) [误] Something bad has been happened to him．??[析] 被动语态误用。happen为不及
物动词，不及物动词没有被动
语态。?[正] Something bad has happened to him.?[正] The door has opened of itself．?[析] 有些动词如open, break, drop
等既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，若不强调谁是动作发出者，我们通常用主动语态。of? itself意思是“自动地”。因此, 此句不可用被动语态。3) [误] The door has been opened of itself．?4) [误] I have introduced to Mr Li．?[析] introduce为及物动词, I 是 introduce的承受者。?[正] I have been introduced to Mr Li (by Mr Wang)． 1. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet.
A. are not decided
B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided
D. has not been decidedPractice 2. Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
A. is used
B. are used
C. has been used
D. have been used 3. All the preparations for the task ___ and we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been completed 4. Some new oilfields ___ since 1976.
A. were opened up
B. has opened up
C. have been opened up
D. had been opened up 5. The silence of the library ___ only by the sound of pages being turned over.
A. has been broken
B. breaks
C. broke
D. was broken 6. — __ the sports meet might be put off. — Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I’ve been told
B. I’ve told
C. I’m told
D. I told Put the Chinese into English to
complete the sentences.
1. You can see the house ___________
_______ (未油漆) for years.
2. How many workers _____________
(已派遣) to build the railway? has not beenpaintedhave been sent 3. — Why does Mary look so unhappy? — She __________________ (被嘲
笑) by her classmates.
4. It is said that the house ________
___________ (闯进了) by two
thieves. has been laughed atbroken intohas been 5. _____ his views _____________ (受
到批判) by them?
6. The two pens _____________
__________ (未被拿走) by him.
7. Where ___ the television ______
________ (已经修理了) ? Havebeen criticizedhave not beentaken awayhasbeen repaired 8. The price of a color TV set ____
_________________ (降价了)
again.
9. What __________________ (已被
译成) into many foreign languages? been brought downhas has been translated1. The construction of the two new railway lines __________ by now.
(2006 陕西）
A. has completed
B. have completed
C. have been completed
D. has been completed高考链接2. I got caught in the rain and my suit____. (2007 北京)
A. has ruined
B. had ruined
C. has been ruined
D. had been ruined3. —I have got a headache.
—No wonder. You in front of that computer too long. (2007 江西)
A. work
B. are working
C. have been working
D. workedThank you!课件43张PPT。Unit 3Using Languageandroid
signal
type
coach
arise
(arose, arisen)n. 机器人
vi. & vt. 发信号 n. 信号
n. 类型 vt. & vi. 打字
n.教练
vi. 出现；发生electronic
appearance
mop
nieceadj. 电子的
n. 外观；外貌；出现
n. 拖把 vt. 用拖把拖；擦
n. 侄女；甥女in a way
with the help of
deal with
watch over在某种程度上
在……的帮助下
处理；安排；对付
看守；监视Expressions previewTry your best to describe what the 21st century is like.Do you know IT?
What does IT consist of?For reference Information Technology (IT) is a broad subject concerned with the
use of technology in managing and processing information, especially
in large organizations. In particular, IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and retrieve information. For that reason, computer professionals are often called IT specialists or Business Process Consultants, and the division of a company or university that deals with software technology is often called the IT department . Other names for the latter are information services (IS) or management information services (MIS), managed service providers (MSP). ListeningListen to the whole text and
write down the main idea in one
sentence.Two students are talking about
information technology.Listen to Part A and fill in the chart
below. Then do the same with Part B.books, radio
and TVbookscomputersTVListening textPart A
D: Hi, Laura. It’s good to see you because
I’m so bored . My homework is about
Information Technology but I know
everything there is to know about it.L= Laura D= DaveWHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?L: Come off it, Dave. I think I might know
more than you.
D: OK. Let me test you! Here’s the first
question. What’s information technology?
L: Gosh, that’s easy! It’s computer, of
course.
D: Ah! That’s just where you’re wrong. It includes books, radio and TV as well.
L: Really! Well, I never.
D: Question number 2. Which is the most
popular form of IT in the world?
L: Well, that must be computers this time.
D: No, it’s books. Think of all those
people in developing countries without
computers. Their only form of IT is books!L: Oh dear! I’m not doing very well.
Part B
D: Here’s the third question. Which form
of IT is the best for describing the skills
of a sport?
L: It must be the radio.
D: Actually, it’s not. The best descriptions
are on the TV because you can not only hear the technical language, but also
see how it happens.
L: Goodness! Wrong again!
D: Here’s the last question. Which form
of IT has the most functions?
L: This time I must be right. It’s the
computer, of course.D: Yes. You can watch a film, replay a
match, communicate with friends
through the Internet, get information
and find out what’s going on in the world.
L: Oh dear! Three questions wrong out of
four. Perhaps I don’t know as much
about IT as I thought I did!What are the advantages and disadvantages of each form of IT?
In small groups discuss this question and put your ideas on to the chart. Then decide when each kind of IT is most useful.The advantage / disadvantage is ….
I think / don’t think that ….
Give me your reasons.
What makes you think so?
I think …. because (of) ….Use these reasoning expressions
in your discussion.Let’s decide…
As/Since…, I think….
I agree / don’t agree … because ….
First .… Second ….
I’ve decided that….
I believe that ….
Let’s make a decision.ANDY – THE ANDROIDReadingWho is Andy?Andy is part of an android football team.
Andy is as big as a human. In fact, Andy
looks like one too.
Andy is a striker on the football team.
Andy can run very fast.
Andy’s computer chips help him to move
and think like a human.
…1 Read the passage carefully and fill in
the file for Andy.Name: ________
Appearance:_________________________
Size: ____________________________
Character: ____________________Andysmall woman with four armssame height as a ten-year-oldpatient and kindAbility:_____________________________________________________________________________________
Job: _________________ can finish reading some books in
a few minutes and print out the
information when neededhomework helper 2. Create your own android. Fill in the file, and compare with your partner.Name:______ Appearance:_____
Size:________ Character: ______
Ability:_______ _____:__________1. signal
vi. & vt. 发信号 n. 信号
1) A red lamp is often a danger signal.
红灯常常是危险的信号。
2) The police signaled the traffic to move forward slowly.
警察向来往车辆打信号，示意缓慢前行。
Language points3) Her speech yesterday was a signal that her views have changed.
她昨天的讲话标志着她的观点已经转变。
4) He seems to be signaling.
他似乎正在发送信号。2. goal
n. 球门；（进球）得分；目标；目的
1) You’d better set a goal before you start the drill.
练习开始前，你最好设定一个目标。
2) He has achieved his goal.
他已经实现了他的目标。
3) Who is keeping goal/is in goal (ie is goalkeeper) for Arsenal?
谁给阿森纳队守球门? 4) He kicked a penalty goal in the football match. 在这场足球赛中，他主罚，踢进了一个球。
5) That last goal was a beauty.
最后进去的那个球真漂亮。
6) It’s in we’ve got a goal!
球进了——我们射门得分！
7) That’s the twentieth goal he’s kicked this season.
这是他本赛季踢进的第二十个球。
3. type
1) n. 类型
This is a new type of machine, with
lots of meters on it.
这是一种新型的机器, 上面有许多仪表。
I don’t think she’s the artistic type.
我认为她不属艺术家那类的人。 2) vt. & vi. 打字
Will you please type this letter for me? 你帮我打一下这封信好吗?4. in a way
在某种程度上
1) In a way, you’re right.
从某一点上看你是对的。
2) You should dress in a way that befits a woman of your position.
你的衣着应与你这种地位的妇女相称。3) The work is well done in a way.
这工作就算做得不错。
4) The scheme rebounded on her in a way she had not expected.
她未曾想到这计谋反倒使她自食其果。
way 常见短语5. arise (arose, arisen)
vi. 出现；发生
1) An opportunity has arisen. 机会来了。
2) A new difficulty has arisen.
出现了新困难。
3) The problem may not arise, but there’s no harm in keeping our powder dry.
问题不一定会发生, 但有备无患并无害处。6. with the help of 在……的帮助下
With the help of the teacher, I have
made rapid progress in my English
study.
在老师的帮助下, 我的英语进步很快。7. electronic adj. 电子的
1) This dictionary is available in electronic version. 这部词典有电子版。
2) I like to read books on electronic music. 我喜欢读一些关于电子音乐的书。
3) The firm is Britain’s main producer of electronic equipment.
该公司为英国主要的电子设备制造厂家。8. deal with
处理；安排；对付
1) I have a matter of importance to deal with. 我有要事要处理。
2) I think we should work out a strategy to deal with this situation.
我想我们应该制订出一项行动计划，用来对付这种情况。9. watch over 看守; 监视
They were watched over by three policemen.watch out (for) 当心; 注意
watch for sb./sth. 观察等待
keep a watch on 监视
under the close watch 在严密的监视下 Write a description of your android and what it can do. You may draw a picture of it if you wish. Use your notes and the sample passage on page 24 to help you.Writing Thank you! 课件28张PPT。Unit 3Workbook321Listen to the tape. Can you find the three robots from the following pictures and number them.ListeningLook at the following boxes before you listen to the tape again. At the end o feach part of the tape, complete the chart below.35 cmhave five arms to
hold all the tools can do all the work
around the houseonly 5,000 yuanRobot 1Robot 210 cmlike a real bird can jump and sings500 yuanRobot 32mlargecan plays guitar and singYou are going to hear two androids talking their jobs and life. One of them works as a maid. The other works in a car factory. Brofre you listen , discuss with yiur partner and guess what they thinlk about their jobs.Listening taskListen carefully and fill in the form. the programmerthey can not laugh, taste,
smell or eat foodthey can work, talk and
play football2. Now you are going to make a list of the rights that androids should have so that they will be treated better.1) They should be able to choose the work they do.
2) ______________________________
3) __________________________________They should have their own time．They should be able to change their jobs.4) ______________________________ __________
5) ______________________________ ________They should be able to decide theirThey should be able to taste, smell, own future．feel, etc．THE SPORTING ROBOTReading taskTask 1 Skimming1. Who is the speaker in this story?
A computer.
2. Write down three sentences from the story to support your idea.
1) Then in 1822 I was built as an
Analytical machine by Charles
Babbage.2) My real father was Alan Turing, …
3) However, people thought I was simple-minded until they discovered I had “artificial intelligence.”Task 2 Fast reading1. Where were you in 1642?
2. What happened to you in 1822?
3. What were you called in 1936?
4. What happened to you in the 1970s?In France.I was built as an Analytical Machine by Babbage.A universal machine.I was brought into people’s homes.expert at high exercises; Olympic standardwonderful turns, dives, circles and dancessilver medal for high flying exercisesRead the story again and complete the record of Hua Fei’s performances.Task 3 Careful readingbegan very well but failed through no fault of his ownparachute failed to opentwo new legs and a new bigger headtotallyrevolutionArtificial intelligencebirthsimple-mindedgo byTask 4 Fill in the blanks.deal withnetworktrulyanywayTask 5 QUESTION-ANSWER
COMPETITION 1. What is PC? Speak the name on the whole.It means: personal computer.2. What is IT?Information Technology.3. What is CD-ROM?Compact disc read-only memory.4. What is DVD?Digital Video Disc.5. What is W.W.W?World wide web.6. 科学技术。Science and technology.7. 人工智能。Artificial intelligence.8.笔记本电脑。Notebook computer.9. Who was the first person to devise the first computer? Charles Babbage invented an Analytical machine in 1822.10. Who was the computers’ real father?Alan Turing.The sample writing has three parts:
1. The main heading, which is written larger than the rest of the article. It also gives the gist (梗概, 要旨) of the
article in a few words．Analysis of the sample writing:Writing task2. The smaller heading has smaller writing and gives a bit more information about the article so that the reader will want to carry on and read all of it．
3. The article itself is in the smallest sized writing. It contains all the
information about the article． Try to write an article for your school newspaper, especially about the computers or androids. A new type of PC– the PEP is now on the market and attracts the attention of all PC lovers. The new type has improved disc storage and works much faster than most PCs on the market nowadays. It also has a smaller monitor with a flat screen and New type PC on the market PEP catches attentionis made with used recycled materials which come to terms with environment protection at present. The PEP is especially popular with young people and the past 10 days have seen a rapid increase in sales.Thank you!
