高中英语单项填空解题指导

单项填空解题指导
宁乡一中 邹鸿鹰
单项填空题的常见设难题方法：
1 题干以疑问句，倒装句，省略句，被动句等形式出现，避开考生所熟悉的陈述句结构，从而达到加大难度的目的。
① When do you want to have _____ the parts of the car together
A. fix B. to fix C. fixing D. fixed
② She is looking forward as much as to his return as he himself to _____ her.
A. have seen B. seeing C. see D. be seen
③ Charles Babbage is generally considered _____ the first computer.
A. to have invented B. inventing C. to invent D. having invented
④ So _____ that no fish can live in it.
A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is
C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow
2 利用各种分隔现象，使考生受到题干局部的影响而造成错选。
①The day we had been looking forward to _____ at last.
A. come B. came C. coming D. coming
②Please tell me the way you thought of _____ the garden.
A. take care of B. to take care of C. taking care of D. taken care of
③Which do you enjoy _____ your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park
A. spending B. to spend C. having spent D. to have spent
④Mrs. Green was disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ___ went wrong again.
A. repaired B. to repair C. repairing D. it to be repaired
⑤It is near the place _____ there is a bomb _____ we found the dead man.
A. where, where B. where, that C. that, where D. that, that
⑥He made another wonderful discovery, _____ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. which I think is it
⑦The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A. that B. until C. when D. where
⑧More attention should be paid _____ good habits of reading carefully.
A. for forming B. to form C. to forming D. in forming
3 利用思维定势的影响来设题，考生往往只注意一些语法规则而没有弄清题干意思，因此造成错选。
①I’m sorry I can’t help _____ the floor of the classroom.
A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. to sweeping
②Mr. Read made up his mind to devote all he had to _____ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
4 巧设标点符号，利用学生粗心大意的毛病造成误选。
①Peter has many friends; _____ can help him.
A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them
5 英汉在表达习惯，思维方式等方面具有很多不同，出题者常利用汉英差异出题。
①--- I’ll travel to France this winter. ---______.
A. Have a good trip. B. I know. C. It’s beautiful. D. You’re so lucky.
单项填空题的常见解题方法：
1 还原法
将不熟悉的以疑问句，倒装句，被动句，强调句还原为熟悉的陈述句；极少数情况下，也可将不熟悉的陈述句还原为熟悉的倒装句等。
①Never ___ time come back again.
A. will lose B. will lost C. will losing D. will to lose
②Time should be made good use of ___ our lessons well.
A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns
③Is this factory ____ you visited the other day
Is this the factory ___ you visited the other day
A. the one B. that C. where D. which
④We had ___ left home than it began to rain.
A. no sooner B. hardly C. almost D. nearly
2 删元法
题干中插入了一些无关紧要的插入语或从句或分词结构时，可将该无关部分删去，以达到简化题干，一目了然的效果。
①The person we spoke to ___ no answer at first.
A. make B. making C. makes D. made
②Who do you think ____ us a talk this afternoon
A. to give B. gave C. will give D. giving
3 增元法
即将题干中的省略部分添加到句中，使句意清晰，结构明了，从而降低解题难度。
①---- How long has this bookshop been in business ----____ 1982.
A. After B. In C. Since D. From
②---- What made her mother so angry ----_______ the exam.
A. Because she didn’t pass B. Her not passing
C. She didn’t pass D. Because her not passing
4 排除法
利用语境中的某些提示，排除不可能答案，提高答题的准确性。
①This book is interesting _____.
A. to be read B. to read C. reading D. being read
5 代入法
没其它办法时，可将选项逐一代入，选最顺口最有把握的选项，并须特别重视第一感觉。