模块2 Unit 3 Computers 整个单元课件
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| 名称 | 模块2 Unit 3 Computers 整个单元课件 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.9MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2008-12-19 17:38:00 | ||
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课件190张PPT。Welcome Unit 3 Computer课时分配Warming upThe development of computer
P17 Look at the pictures.
Talk about each of them.
Discuss what they have in common.An abacusA calculatorA PC(=personal computer)A notebook computer/laptopA huge computer An abacus is an old calculating machine used in China until now.
A huge computer is built to solve some mathematical problems. But it is too big.
A calculator is a new calculating machine which can solve a large number of mathematical problems.
A PC is a personal computer which can solve all kinds of problems and is widely used now.
A notebook computer is a kind of useful computer which can be taken conveniently like a notebook. You are asked to use the following expression in your discussion.
I think that …
In my opinion…
I believe that…
Why do you think so?
What’s your reason?DiscussionI think they all can calculate something.It
can deal with some maths problem.I believe that they are our good friends.In
our everyday life.we can not finish our work
quickly without them.In my opinion ,people improve abacus,make
it more useful and make it a computer.They
are being used widely and conveniently in
the world.Soft disc
(floppy disc)CD-ROM printerscannermp3U S B Some Information about the computers and the internet Hardware
Software
Host
Output
Programs
Memory
Drives
Desk-top computer
Business computer
Digital movie
硬件软件主机输出程序内存储器驱动器台式计算机商务计算机数字影像Chat rooms ,net bar, chat bar
On-line friends
Be on-line, on the internet
Down-load files
Send and receive e-mail
Web fans
Internet sites
E-mail box
Electronic mail
Local Area Network
Log in
Log out
netizen 网吧网友上网，在线下载文件收发邮件网迷网址电子邮件电子邮件箱局域网登陆注销网民Floppy discchipsmonitormodemCD-ROMscannerKey-boardprinterUsing words and expressions
Fill in the blanks with the proper words in the boxComplete the sentences with some of the words in the box.Monitor, mouse, keyboard, hard disc, floppy disc ,CD-ROM, printer, modem, A_________ is used to see your data on a computer .
A__________ or disk is the main device that a computer uses to store information.
A _________is a machine for printing text or pictures onto paper ,especially one connected to the computer.
A_________ is used to put data into a computer .
A________ _is often used to connect computers to each other though phone lines .
Data can also be stored in a ______________,which is small and can be carried easily.
A___________ is a disc that contains computer data. It can store a large amount of data.
monitorhard diskprinterkeyboardmodemfloppy discCD-ROMCompact Disk Read only MemoryDiscussion What can computer be used for?
I think that …
In my opinion …
I believe that …
What’s your reason?
Why do you think so?I use the computer or Internet to:type my homework
draw pictures
play games
communicate with my friends.
gather related information for my lessons
buy the things I like, eg books and clothes.
listen to music
watch movies.Pre-readingWhat do you know about computer?For example,can you name some parts of computer?
2. How have computers changed our lives?
mousekeyboardmonitorListen to the tape and answer the questions.1. Who am I?Who was the first person to make the earliest
computer?
A. Alan Turing B. Charles Babbage C. Charles Turing3.When was the “universal machine” built?
A. In 1822 B. In 1642 C.1936computer(B)(c) Read the text again and find out
the changes of computer Changes of the computer:Calculating machineAnalytical machineUniversal machine Artificial intelligence network(In 1642)(In 1822)(in 1936)(In the 1960s)internet(In the 1970s)
1.Where were you in 1642?
3 What were you called in 1936?4 What did you get in the 1960s?What happened to you in the 1970s? 2 What happened to you in 1822?
1 Where were you in 1642?
2 What happened to you in 1822?
3 What were you called in 1936?
4 What did you get in the 1960s?
5 What happened to you in the 1970s?In FranceI was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage.Universal machine.I got my new transistors.I was brought into people’s homes.Comprehending1 Who is the speaker in this story?
2 Write down three sentences from the story to support your idea.A computer.1 Then in 1822 I was built as an Analytical
machine by Charles Babbage.
2 My real father was Alan Turing, …
3 However, people thought I was simple-minded
until they discovered I had “artifical intelligence.”Look at the timeline below.Fill in the blanks with in-formation from the reading above.
Timeline
1642:_________________________________
____: The Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage
1936:___________________________________
____________________________________
1960s:___________________________________
_____: The first family of computers was connected to each other
1970s:_________________________________________
Now:__________________________________________The computer began as a calculating machine1822Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how 1960scomputers could be made to workComputers had new transistors and became smallerComputers were brought into people’s homes.Computers connect people all over the world
togetherAccording to the timeline and the outline to finish the summary about the text The computer …….as a calculating machine in 1642, then in 1822, it was … as an Analytical Machine by … . At the year of 1936, Alan Turing …… to describe how computers ……. to work, and build a “universal machine “ to solve …………. With the development of ……., in the 1960s, computers had new transistors and became……, then were connected to each other by the internet. As the years had ……, computers were ……. peoples’ homes. Now computers have become the most important … to ……. all over the world together.The summary about the text The computer began only as a calculating machine in 1642, then in 1822, it was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage . At the year of 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine “ to solve mathematical problem. With the development of information technology, in the 1960s, computers had new transistors and became smaller and smaller, then were connected to each other by the internet. As the years had gone by, computers were brought into peoples’ homes. Now computers have become the most important tools to connect people all over the world together.Read the text carefully, find out the difficult points.Homework a calculating machine, in 1642
an analytical machine, in 1822
a universal machine, in 1936
got new transistors, in 1960s
connected, network, in the early 1960s
brought into people’s homes, in 1970s, communicate with by the Internet I was born in_____in France. In____, I was built as an__________________,following instructions from cards with holes. In_____, my real father, Alan Turing, described how computers could be made to work in a book and solved any mathematic problem by_________ a ________machine. People were surprised at my artificial____________ . At first, I was the size of a large room. As times has gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller. In the______, I got new transistors. My memory became______ and_____, but I got ________and________, quicker and quicker. 16421822Analytical Machine1936buildinguniversalintelligence1960slargerlargerclevererclevererI could share information with others and talk to each other by a net. It was in the_________ that my family and I have been used by billions of people. I am happy that I have truly been built to serve _______ ________since my birth.
?
1970s humane raceLanguge points1.common adj. 普通的，常见的；共有的，共用的
①在英国Smith是个很普通的名字。
Smith is a common name in England.
②他们对音乐都有着共同的强烈兴趣。
A great interest in music was common to them..
in common (with) (和……)一样
have sth. in common (with) (与……)有共同之处
③他们虽是兄弟，但毫无共同之处。
They are brothers, but they have nothing in common.
④和许多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐，而不喜欢流行音乐。In common with many people, he prefers classical music to pop music.
⑤In common with many other girls, Anne likes dancing.
(1)They have a lot________ and became good friends very soon.
A. in common B. in case C. in surprise D. in interest
(2)Does this book have_________________ (共同之处)with that one?
(3)We are___________________ (普通人), but we can do something well.
(4)______________________________ (和多数英国人一样), he enjoys football.
?
Aanything in commoncommon peopleIn common with most Englishmen(6)像许多年轻的夫妇一样,他们不喜欢跟父母住在
一起.
____ ________ _______ ______ ______ _____,
they do not like to live with their parents.
(7)我们在业余爱好方面有许多共同之处．
We ______ ___ ___ ___ ______ ______ each
other in hobby.
(8)这两次地震有什么共同点吗？
Do the two earthquakes ______ ______ ____
________?
(9)这游泳池由附近的孩子们共同使用.
The swimming pool ____ ____ ____ ______ by
all the children in the neighbourhood.In common with many young coupleshave a lot in common withhave anything in is used in commoncommon(10) ______ he gets up at 6:30. But today he
got up earlier than ______.
Commonly; usual B. Normally; usually
C. Usually; usual D. Usually; common
(11) Are Mary and Susan ______ names for
girls in English-speaking countries?
usual B. common C. ordinary D. normal
(12)The twin sisters have ______ with each
other except that they look alike.
a lot in common B. little in common
C. nothing in common D. no common
ABB2. in one’s opinion 依……来看
?在我们看来，秋天是北京最好的季节
①In our opinion, autumn is the best season in Beijing.
② What’ s your opinion of this question?
in one's view
=in the view of sb.
= in one's opinion
= in the opinion of sb. 据……的见解be of the same opinion意见一致
be of different opinions意见不一致
have a good opinion of... 对……评价高
have a poor opinion of ... 对……评价低
(1)_________that this one will meet our need.
A. In my opinion B. I believe
C. I think in mind D. I seem
(2)_________ (依我来看), the price is not reasonable.BIn my opinion(3)They are___________________(意见不一致).
(4)People_________________________(对他评价很低).
of different opinionshave a poor opinion of him3.follow跟随；沿着；听懂；遵循；听从
follow one’s instructions 执行(某人的)指令
①Follow this road, and you'll get there.
②I'm sorry I don't quite follow you.
③You should follow the rules of the lab when you are doing experiment.
沿着这条路走，你就会到那儿。对不起，我不太明白你的意思。
你们做实验时，就应该遵守实验室的规则。④你先走，我随后就到。
⑤如果你听从我的劝告而努力学习，你考试就能及格。
?instructions
意为“指示，命令” ;“说明”时，常用复数形式。
⑥他指示我们尽快完成这项任务。
He gave us instructions to finish this task as soon as possible.You go first, then I’ll follow you.If you follow my advice and study hard, you will pass
the exam.
瓶子上有说明。 The instructions are on the bottle.
①村民们仍然遵从他们祖先的习俗.
The villagers still _________________ of their
grandfathers.
②他走进商店,他的妻子紧随其后.
He walked into the shop first and his wife
_________.
③顺着这条大街走,你就能走到那所学校.
______ this street ______ you get to the school.follow the customsfollowedFollowuntil④他说得那么快,我都听不清了.
He spoke so fast __________________________.
⑤老师命令学生及早到达.
The teacher gave the students _______________
____________.
⑥服这药之前你要看看瓶上的说明.
Read the ___________ on the bottle ______ you ____ the medicine.
⑦有时她指导滑冰.
She sometimes _________________ in skating.that I couldn’t follow himinstructions toarrive earlyinstructionsbeforetakegives instruction(8)There was a terrible noise_____ the sudden burst of light.
followed B. being followed
C. to be followed D. following
(9)You should take the medicine according to the_________ on the bottle.
A. instructions B. orders
C. advices D. descriptionsDA(10)I__________________________(接受了老师的建议) and pay more attention to my spoken English.
(11) As a soldier, you must learn_____________(服从命令).
(12)You should give______________________ (清楚的说明)for every exercise.
(13)I______________________(跟着他进了房子)
to follow ordersfollow the teacher’s advicethe clear instructionsfollowed him into the house4.sound
The music sounds sweet. 音乐听起夹很
It sounds (like) a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。
It sounds as if they can do nothing about it. 听起来他们好像也没有办法。
(1)What he has said_____________.
A. sounds interesting B. sounds interested
C. sounded like interesting D. is sounded interesting
(2)The soup tasted_____________.
A. good B. well C. badly D. terriblyAA(3)The task_______________(看起来很容易) ,but it took us a week.
(4)Cotton_______________________(摸起来很软).
feels very softseems easy5. simple 简单的；单纯的；朴素的
①请用简单的英语写一则故事。
Please write a story in simple English.
②他并不像看上去那样单纯。
He is not as simple as he looks.
③她过着朴素的生活。
She lives a simple life. simple-minded: showing very little intelligence ①汤姆很聪明，可是他有许多头脑简单的朋友.Tom is smart but he has a lot of simple-minded friends.② She wasn’t as simple-minded as people thought.她不象人们想的那样头脑简单。adj.- n-ed = adj. 复合形容词absent-minded
open-minded
narrow-minded
single-minded
strong-minded
weak-minded心不在焉的
虚心的，没有偏见的
心胸狭窄的
一心一意的
意志坚强的
低能的，愚蠢的(1) Gibert ______ electricity, but Edison______ light bulb.
A. discovered; found B. discovered; invented
C. invented; discovered D. uncovered; invented
(2)________________________(别心不在焉);listen to the teacher carefully.
(3) Try________________________(做一名心胸宽阔的人). That will do you a lot of good.
BDon’t be absent-mindedto be a broad-minded person 6.thought常用来表示“本来以为(认为)’’，后来证明与事实不符合的行为。
①I had thought he knew the time of the meeting.
②我本来以为这部电影很有趣，可实际上很无聊。
③她本来以为父亲会很高兴，但并没有。 I had thought this film was very interesting.She had thought her father would be very happy.7.intelligence n．智力；聪明
intelligent adj．有智力的；聪明的；理解力强的
①He is a person of great intelligence.
他是个极聪明的人。
②海豚是有智力的动物。
A dolphin is an intelligent animal. 8. anyway =anyhow adv.
无论怎样, 无论如何
①I shall go and see him anyway.
② I’m going to do it anyway.
③ Anyway I must finish the work today.
9. be the size of … 有…大
The house is half the size of that one.
10.as conj. 随着……，引导时间状语从句。
As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的。
表示“随着……”时，也可以用with，但with是介词，后面一般不接句子。
With the passing of the years, they have become close friends.
几年过去了，他们已成了亲密朋友。11. go by 经过(某地)；(时间)过去；(机会等)失去；遵循，依据……办事 go by = pass
①一辆汽车全速驶过。
A car went by at full speed.
②一星期一星期慢慢地过去了。
The weeks went slowly by.
③不要错失这次机会。
Don't let this chance go by.
④那是需要遵守的好规章。
That is a good rule to go by.7.As the years have gone by, …___
随着(1) As time went on / as we grow older(2) go by = pass Time went by slowly.(3)My pen is gone. (no longer living; dead)Gone with the wind ( 影片名)①②③④⑤⑥(1)As time________, she became more and more anxious about her son's safety.
A. passing B. going by C. passed D. goes by
(2)With the time________, our anxiety grew.
A. goes by B. going by C.has gone by D.had gone by
(3)Three months__________ before we knew it.
A. passed by B. went C. went by D. past
(4)As the wealth of the country increases, more and more waste will be produced.
__________the wealth of the country’s____________, more and more waste will be produced.
DBCWithdevelopment(5) A taxi_______________ (刚刚过去)。
You’ll have to wait a few more minutes.
has just gone by(6)Things will get easier as time goes by.
(7)The weeks went by slowly.
(8)He was in when I went by yesterday.
12.There are/were times when…有段时期……；有时常会……
There was a time when ... 曾经一度……;有一段时间……
①There are times when I don't know what to do.
②There was a time when the star was popular with the young people.
曾经有段时间这个明星很受年轻人欢迎。at one time过去曾经，一度”，用于一般过去时态
at a time “一次，每次”或“在某个时候”
at times “有时，不时”，相当于from time to time或sometimes
at one time, at a time, at times
(1)Take two pills______________.
(2) _____________women were looked down upon.
(3)He receives letters from his parents________.
(4) ______________they were good friends.
at a timeAt one timeat timesAt one time13.totally adv. = completely
14. so + 形容词(副词)+ that….
such + 名词 + that….
(1)so…that引导结果状语从句，其结构是：
so+ adj／adv.+that-c1ause
so+ adj．+a(n)+单数可数名词+that-clause
so+ many／few+可数名词复数+that-clause
so+ much／little+不可数名词+that-clause
(2)such…that也可引导结果状语从句，其结构是：
such-+ a(n)+ adj．+单数可数名词+that-clause
such+ (adj.)+不可数名词+that-clause
such+ (adj.)+可数名词复数+that-clause
The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it.
We left early so that we could catch the first
train. He was so excited that he could not speak.He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.so that --- 因此, 结果He got up late, so that he didn’t get to work
on time.so + 形容词(副词)+ that….结构中
so + 形容词(副词)在句首时,句子用倒装结构
He works so hard that he seldom goes home.
So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.
(1) There is______ much work to do and he was______ worried about finishing it in time that he was quite nervous all day long.
A. so; so B. such; such C. so; such D. such; so
(2) It was______ that we went camping in the mountains.
A. such nice weather B. such a nice weather
C. so nice a weather D. too nice weather
(3) She has______ she remembers all the names of the students she has taught.
A. so good memory B. good memory
C. such a good memory that D. such good memory thatAAC(4) So large___________ that I couldn't believe it.
A. did my memory become
B. my memory became
C. my memory did become
D. became my memory
(5)This is such an interesting film that we all want to see it.
This film _______________ that we all want to see it.
Ais so interesting15.deal with处理，对付；和……打交道，对待；论述，涉及 How ----deal with / What ---- do with
①How shall we deal with the problem?
②Such people are difficult to deal with.
③Deal with a man as he deals with you.
④We have dealt with the company for 10 years.
⑤ This book deals with problems of pollution. 我们将如何处理这个问题呢?
这种人不好对付。
以其人之道，还治其人之身。
我们同那家公司打了十年的交道了。
这本书论述污染问题。
deal with
1)处理,解决,安排
2)对待,对付,宾语是人
3)谈论，涉及we must deal with this problem as
soon as possible.
Deal with a man as he deals with you
The book deals with the questions of
maths.
(1)How are you going to________ such problems?
A. do with B. deal with C. deal D. do up
(2) _________ pollution is a serious problem to the human race.
A. What to deal with B. How to do with
C. What to do with D. What to do
(3) I have_________________________(很多信件要处理).
(4)It is very difficult_____________________________(对付那些吵闹的孩子).
(5)This book_______________________(论述古希腊).
(6)Teachers should______________________________(公平对待所有的学生).
?BCa lot of letters to deal withto deal with those noisy childrendeals with Ancient Greecedeal fairly with all of the students16.serve服务;服役
①我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。
We should serve the people heart and soul.
②There was no one in the shop to serve him.
店里没人接待他。
③现在午饭准备好了。
Lunch is served now.
④他在部队服役五年。
He served in the army for five years.
?
(1)The shop assistant_______________(在接待) a customer.
(2) Be sure__________________(上) coffee hot.
(3) He ____________________(在部队服役) since 1979.
has served in an armyto serveis serving17.at birth/ by birth/ of ... birth/ give birth to
at birth在出生时
by birth在血统上；生来
of ... birth ……的出身
give birth to生产；生下
(1)The baby weighed 7 pounds____________.
(2)He is British__________though he was born in France.
(3)The dog_____________ a couple of lovely little dogs.
(4) She is_________ good_________.
(5) Her sister_______________ twins last night.
at birthby birthgave birth toofbirthgave birth toDifficult sentencesThen in 1822 I was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage.2. I followed instructions from cards with holes.3. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and built ….problem.4. As the years have gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller.5. No one could recognize me after I got my new transistors in the 1960s.6. I love being used to connect people who aren’t close enough to speak to each other.There were times when…
有一段时间follow an order
follow one’s advice
follow a custom
follow sb.’s example 服从命令
听从劝告
遵循一种习俗
向某人学习eg: As a soldier, you must learn to follow orders.He is willing to follow other’s advice.VocabularySnow is __________(常见的) in cold countries.
Can you __________(估计) the cost of this journey?
The __________(分析) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.
I shall go and see him ____________(无论如何)。
He’s some kind of _______________（数学）genius.
He is too s_______________ to work out such a difficult problem.
He asked his father’s o__________ about his plans.
How are you going to d__________ with the letter?commoncalculateanalysisanywaymathematicalimple-mindedpinionealI t__________ agree to your plan.
This is a t____________ beautiful picture.
The wealth of society is ________(创造) by the laboring people.
The children __________(漫步) in the woods that day.
Please ___________(编程序) the computer to do the job.
Our football __________(教练) trains the team.
__________(就我个人而言), I think he is dishonest, but many people trust him.
otallyrulycreatedwanderedprogramcoachPersonallyPhraseTry to read the words and phrasesCalculating machine 计算机器
Analytical Machine 分析机
Universal machine 通用计算器
Artificial intelligence 人工智能
Technological revolution 技术革命
Mathematical problem 数学问题
Transistor 晶体管
听起来简单
技术革命
人工智能
作为…开始
解决问题
一个头脑简单的人
数学问题
被完全改变了
与…信息共享
为人类服务1)sound simple
2) a technological revolution
3) artificial intelligence
4) begin as
5) solve a problem
6) a simple-minded man
7) mathematical problem
8) be totally changed
9) share information with
10) serve the human race处理
老百姓
常识
在我看来
公众舆论
分析法
与…共居一室
与…有关
（从…旁）走过
使生效deal with
the common people
common knowledge
in my opinion
public opinion
an analytical method
share a room with
connect with
go by
bring into effect做出决定
聚集
毕竟
在…的帮助下
编造，化妆
依造某人的观点
私人信件
看守，监视
玩得愉快
一年一度make a decision
get together
after all
with the help of
make up
in one’s opinion
a personal letter
watch over
have a good time
once a year 1）允许某人干某事
2）建筑材料
3） 事实上
4） 创建一栋新楼
5）在某种程度上 allow sb. to do sth.
building materials
in fact
create a new building
in a way句型转换1）What did you do with the letter?
________ did you _______ _______the letter?
Since then, billions of people have used computers to deal with information.
Since then, computers _____ _______ _______ ______ billions of people to deal with information.
People brought computers into their homes in the 1970s.
Computer ________ _______ ________ their homes in 1970s.
How deal withhave been usedbywere brought into4) With time going by, he becomes more and more intelligent.
________ time _______ ________, he becomes more and more intelligent.
5) I began only as a machine that was used for calculating in 1642 in France.
I began only as _____ ________ __________ in 1642 in France.
6) I’m the size of a human.
I’m ________ ______ _______ a human.
Asgoes bya calculating machineas big as 7) In my view, he is clever and diligent.
______ ______ _______, he is clever and diligent.
8) Be careful when you are crossing the street.
Be careful _______ _______ the street.
9) We have improved our living conditions in the last twenty years.
Our living conditions ______ _____ ______ in the last twenty years.
10) They are not protecting some animals well enough.
Some animals are not _____ ________ well enough.In my opinionwhen crossinghave been improvedbeing protectedANDY- THE ANDROIDWe have many different kinds
of androids in our daily life.
Skeleton 人体骨架pencilMars 战神,战士Free talk:What do you think android can do? Robot copdancingdrummingWriting
fightingPlay footballLet’s listen to the story and try to get the main idea.Fast reading1 What’s the Andy’s job on the football team?
He is a striker.
2 In last year, where did the Andy’s team compete?
Seattle, Washington in the USA.
3 What’s the Andy’s wish?
He wound like to play against a human team.
Now, with the questions below, please read the passage carefully again.1.Who is Andy? What is he good at?
2.What helps him to move and think like a human?
3.What does Andy think about the team who beat them last year? why?
4.What does the programmer do to Andy?1.Who is Andy? What is he good at?
He is an android. And he is good at
playing football
2.What helps him to move and think
like a human?
His computer helps him to move and
think like a human.
3.What does Andy think about the team
who beat them last year? Why?
She thinks the team cheated because they
had a new kind of programmer, which had
just been developed before the competition.
4.What does the programmer do to Andy?
She programs me with all the possible
moves she has seen while watching human
games.
Read the text carefully and decide whether the following sentences true or false 1. Andy looks like a human.
2.Andy can communicate with his teammates by using the human language.
3. Andy first competes in Nagoya, Japan.
4.Andy thought his opponent cheated, because they had a new kind of program, which had just been developed before the competition.
5. Andy thought his programmer can create an even better system.
6.The programmer programs moves so that Andy can use them in games.
7. Andy is an android, so intelligence is all of him.
(T)(F)(T)(T)(F)(T)(T)Reading: I am ____ of a football team. I am as big as a human. On football team ,I am a______, so I can run very fast. My computer chips _____ me to _____ and _____ like a human. I need to shout in computer language to my teammates to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal. I first ______ in Nagoya, Japan. _________ our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA. Our team got _____ place. Personally, I think the team who won first place_______. They had a new kind of program, which had just been developed before the competition.Fill in the blankspartstrikerhelpmovethinkcompeteLast yearsecondcheated I need to tell my programmer to _______ my intelligence. I think we can work together to _____an even better system. In fact, I would really like to play ______ a human team sometimes. _______, my programmer is like my______. She programs me with all the ____________ she has been while watching human games. Then she programs possible moves that I can use if a new situation______. In this way, I can ________ new moves. After all, ______________my electronic _____which never forgets anything, intelligence is what I’m all about! improvecreateagainstIn a waycoachPossible movesarisesWith the help ofbrainmake up
The story is about the _____ called ____, who is good at____________. And his
__________ makes him think and move like a ______. However, they _____ in the _________ hosted in the USA, because the other team had a new kind of
_______. After that, he will ask his programmer to improve his _________ and _______ some new moves. androidAndyplaying footballprogrammerhumanfailedcompetitionprogramintelligencemake up1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each one?
1) advantage n. 优点; 优势; 有利条件
都市生活有几个优点。
There are several advantages in city life.
2) disadvantage n. 缺点, 劣势; 不利条件
take advantage of 利用
be to your advantage 对…..有利 Language points about Using Language.2. Then decide which type of IT is best for you to use right now.
type
1) n. 类型
This is a new type of machine, with
lots of meters on it.
这是一种新型的机器, 上面有许多仪表。2) v. 打字
你帮我打一下这封信好吗?
Will you please type this letter for me?3. I disagree because…
disagree (vi) 常与with连用(食物, 天气等) 不适合
Mutton disagrees with me.
我不吃羊肉。不同意; 意见不同
在这一点上我和你的意见不一致。
I disagree with you about this.
不一致; 不符
His report disagrees with the fact.4. Personally, I think the team who won first place cheated.
我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了。personally adv. 就自己而言; 就我个人来说
She didn’t like the plan, but personally
I see nothing wrong with it.
她不喜欢这项计划, 但我本人觉得没什么不好的。person (n)--personal (adj.)--personally (adv)5. I think we can work together to create an even better system. create (vt.) 创造; 创作
An artist should create beautiful things.even用于修饰形容词, 副词的比较级，much, far, no, still, a lot, a little6. In a way, my programmer is like my coach.in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。
In a way, his English has improved.与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。
容易与之混淆的词组是in the way意为“造成阻碍”，请比较：
In a way, I like this new textbook very much．
从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。
I’m afraid your bike is in the way．
看来你的自行车挡着道了。7. She programs me with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.1) move (n.) 行动; 步骤 (可数)What’s our next move?make a move 动身, 采取行动
be on the move 在活动, 在行进中 2) while watching…
= while she watches… While he was doing his English homework, he fell asleep.
= While doing his ….8. In this way, I can make up new moves.
整个故事是虚构的。
make up 组成;构成;编造;弥补;化妆
In this way, I can make up new moves. （ ）
She spent an hour making herself up before the party.（ ）补充; 弥补化妆 Sixty students make up our class.
（ ）
Society is made up of people of different abilities.（ ）
The criminal made up a story about where he was when the crime happened.
（ ）
Please make up a new dialogue according to the text.
（ ） 形成, 构成 由…组成捏造; 虚构编制; 编出So you made it after all!
你毕竟成功了！
After all, what does it matter?
归根结底, 那又有什么关系呢？9. after all 毕竟; 到底; 终究 She should have offered to pay — she’s a millionaire, after all． 她应该主动提出付款 ── 别忘了, 她是个百万富翁。10. with the help of 在……的帮助下
在老师的帮助下, 我的英语进步很快。
With the help of the teacher, I have
made rapid progress in my English
study.
11. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看
They were watched over by three policemen.watch out (for) 当心; 注意
watch for sb./sth. 观察等待
keep a watch on 监视
under the close watch 在严密的监视下12. wander (v.): to move around in an area or go from place to place without any special purpose; roam 游荡; 闲逛
He was wandering aimlessly up and down the road．
他在路上无目的地来回溜达。Pair-work to discuss how to design
your own androids. The following questions and expressions can help you:
＊What would you like it to look like?
＊What are some of the things you
would like it to do?
＊Do you want it to be like a man or a
woman, or neither?
＊How much would it cost?......
In my opinion…
I ( don’t ) think that…
What is your reason ?
It costs…
DiscussionA: What kind of robot have you decided
to make?
B: I've decided that we should have a
homework android. It could do all our
work after class and leave us more time
to do football．
A: OK. But what do you think it should
look like?Sample dialogue 1: B: In my opinion, it should have four
arms to carry the books, a large head
to remember all the lessons and a
printer to write out the answers．
What do you think?
A: Well, that sounds sensible. Perhaps it
could also put all the exercises into
specially marked boxes for each subject so we could find them quickly.
What about putting that in its
stomach area?
B: Do you want it to be a man or a
woman? You can choose．
A: I've decided it should be a girl．
B: What's your reason?
A: Girls are so hard-working．
B: Sounds good to me! Let's draw it now!A: What would you like your android to look like?
B : B: In my opinion it should look like a bird.
A: That sounds interesting. What will it do for you?
B: I think it can sing beautiful songs for me day and night.
A : Oh, yes! That sounds good. How much is it?
B: It doesn’t cost much money because I will make it by myself.
A: Really?! Do you want it to be a man or woman, or neither?
B : I want it to be a beautiful girl named Kelly.
A: Please show it to us some day.
B: Oh, No money no talk.
2DebateWill the androids replace
humans in the future?
I agree/ disagree because…
In my opinion…
I ( don’t ) think that…
I believe that…
Debate
G: I don’t agree with that androids will replace humans in the future because they are made and controlled by people.
B : In my opinion, I agree with the point for the technology is developing faster and faster. I think they will kill people in the future.
G: In fact, they can’t live without people. For example, if they are broken, they need to be repaired by people. Besides, they don’t fall in love with each other so they won’t get married. As a result, they have no babies. They will die out soon.
B: Although they are not able give birth to a baby, they can copy themselves one after another.
G: But there is no evidence can prove it.
B : However, many resources of the world will be used up soon.
Then people can’t live on the earth. But robots are still alive.
G: No, they need electricity too… …
Homework:Writing a short passage according to the following points:You are an android. You work for a family with one child who was very spoiled. The parents want you to do everything for them. The parents are nice, but they often ask you to watch over their child. How do you feel? what would do if the child asked you to do his homework?
You may begin like this: Hello, everybody. My name is
_____.I’m a 321 model. I work for Li family………The Present Perfect Passive VoiceGrammar1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)
现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等, 现在完成时常与 already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确1. 两种时态的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词，如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。
一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。2) 现在完成进行时 (have/has + been + 现在分词）1) 一般现在时的被动语态 (am/is/are+ 过去分词）
如: The work is done during two days.
2) 一般过去时的被动语态 (was/were+ 过去分词） 2. 七种被动语态形式 如: He was sent to the hospital
immediately after the accident.
3) 一般将来时的被动语态 (will/shall + be + 过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词）
如: The work will be finished soon.
4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are + being+ 过去分词）
如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has +been + 过去分词）
如: The radio has been repaired when
we phoned the shop.
6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be + 过去分词)
如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词)
如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其构成是: have/has been + done。例如：
1. The dirty clothes have been washed.
脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the
experts for three times.
这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。现在完成时的被动语态3. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years.
这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。现在完成时被动态：
have / has? + been + 动词过去分词
现在完成进行时：
have / has + been + 动词现在分词 它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上, 被动态接的是过去分词形式, 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式。1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如：
The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt.
张飞庙已经过重建。2. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。如:
The door has been locked.
门已经被锁上了。
3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能
持续下去。如：
He has been told about it for many times.
有人告诉他这事很多次了。
（可能还会有人告诉他）（我或别人现在进不去）4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。如：
We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished.
工作一完成我们就立即动身。 注意:1. 副词的位置
often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如:
[误] Such a man has been hardly
believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been
believed.2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：
[误] Great changes have been taken
place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
China since 1978.2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：
[误] The door has been opened of itself.
[正] The door has opened of itself.3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：
The SARS patients have been taken good care of.4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。如： My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
How long has this book been bought?
How long ago was this book bought?(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
如: Some new computers were stolen
last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.
这本书出版于1981年。被动语态的用法:(2) 强调动作的承受者, 而不强调动作的执行者。
如: The window was broken by Mike.
窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.
这本书是他写的。(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2) 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 主动语态变被动语态的方法(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by them in the
factory.
歌诀是:宾变主, 主变宾, by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动, be后“过分”来使用。4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一个保留不动。
主动：I have given him the key.
被动：He has been given the key.
被动：The key has been given (to) him.5) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动， 改称主语补足语。
主动：I have asked her to help you.
被动：She has been asked to help you.Exercises1.?Both my brother work at the power station that ___ in my hometown.
A. has set up B. has been set up
C. was set up D. is set up2.?---_____ the sports meet will be put off.
A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told
C. I’m told D. I told3. All the preparation for the task ____, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been done4. ---- How long ____ at this job?
---- Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed
D. will you be employed5.?When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ____ yet.
A. are not decided
B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided
D. has not been decided6. Betty___ injured since last Saturday. A. has been
B. was C. is
D. has7. That book _________into at least 20 foreign languages.
?A. has said to be translated
?B. has been said to have translated
?C. is said that it had been translated
?D. is said to have been translated注:该句的句型是:It is said that…/people (they) said that…/that book is said to …根据句意是已经被译成了20 多种文字所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。 8. –Hi, Tom, you look tired.
? -- Of course. I ___ the living room all day.
A. had painted B. painted
? C. have been painted
D. have been painting9. --Did you move into the new house?
-- No. The rooms ___ yet.
A. were being painted
B. are painting
C. have not painted
D. have not been painted 10. Great changes___ in my hometown and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place;
are being set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. are taken place; had been set up
D. took place; will set up 11. It’s said that this book___ into Chinese.
A. had translated B. has translated
C. was translated D. has been translated 12. You can’t move in .The house _____.
A. is painting B. is being painted
C. has painted D. has been painted 13. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage___ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. (2005重庆)
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been cause14. Have you ever___ to the exhibition which ___for three weeks?
A. gone; has been shown
B. visited; shown
C. been; has been on show
D. went; lasted15. ---How long ago ___ these eggs___?
--- Perhaps 15 days.
A. will; hatch
B. did; hatch
C. were; hatched
D. have; been hatched改错1. A personal computer has bought by us.
A personal computer has been bought by us.
2. Many problems has been found with our new computer.
Many problems have been found with our new computer.3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted.
A PC has been built the way we wanted.
4. Our computer just has been joined to the internet.
Our computer has just been joined to the internet.5. The computer was used every day since we bought it.
The computer has been used every day since we bought it.
6. A lot of e-mails had written on the computer in the past 5 years.
A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past 5 years.Using language1. --- Do you think it’s going to rain over
the weekend?
--- _______. (NMET2000)
A. I don’t believe
B. I don’t believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe notDo some multiple choices.Revision2. The old man didn’t feel _______ though he stayed on the hill______.
A. alone; lonely B. alone; alone
C. lonely; alone D. lonely; lonely3. Though he is _______worker he works very hard.
A. common B. an ordinary
C. a usual D. a general4. As time _______they came to _______ nobody, for they were always cheated not only by words but also by deeds.
A. passed by; believe
B. flew by; believe in
C. passed on; believe
D. went by; believe in5. It may rain tomorrow, but we shall go_______.
A. anyway B. anywhere
C. anything D. anytime games6. Please give me two books ________.
We were good friends __________, but aren’t now.
You should _________ waste your time playing computer. Use at a time, at one time, at no time to fill in the blanks.at a timeat one timeat no time8. The hero of the story is an artist in his ________, who lived in__________.
A. thirty; the 1930s B. thirties; the 1930
C. thirty; 1930s D. thirties; the 1930s7. What a strange man! He loves his wife, but _________ he often beats her.
A. at a time B. at one time
C. in time D. at the same time9. — I’ve got some wonderful news, we
are going to spend a holiday abroad.
— Really?___________.
A. I don’t believe so
B. I believe not
C. I can’t believe it
D. I don’t believe it.10. Last summer he taught us ___ fire accidents.
A. how did we deal with
B. what did we deal with
C. how we dealt with
D. what we dealt with12. --- What’s the matter with you, Bob?
--- I don’t know what to ___ all the food that’s left over.
A. deal with B. do with
C. be dealt with D. be done with11. Mr Brown is a man hard to _____.
A. deal with B. deal against
C. deal into D. deal in LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering useful words and expressions
Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 totally 2 revolution
3 artificial intelligence 4 birth
5 simple-minded ? 6 go by?
7 deal with? 8 network
9 truly 10 anywayAnswer key for Exercise 2:
revolution; network;?
went by; totally;
truly; simple-minded;
Anyway; deal with Answer key for Exercise 3:
1? totally? 2 amazed?
3 exciting? 4 excited?
5 cheaply? 6 unluckyDiscovering useful structures
Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 ... my family and I have been used by billions of
people to deal with information ....
2 I have truly been built to serve the human race .... Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 A new personal computer has been bought by us．
2 Many problems have been found with our new computer．
3 A PC has been built the way we wanted．
4 Our computer has just been joined to the Internet．
5 The computer has been used every day by us since we bought it．
6 A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past year．USING STRUCTURES
Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 It has been reported that children will be offered
free education．
It has been reported that free education will be offered
to children．
2 It has been said that we will be offered
the latest computer science course book．
It has been planned that the latest computer science
course book will be offered to us．
3 I have been told by Peter that I will be lent
his notebook computer for a week．
I have been told by Peter that his notebook computer
will be lent to me for a week．Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 This type / kind of computer has been specially
designed for teachers and students．
2 The needs of the teachers and students have been
greatly considered．
3 With the help of computer, you may not find it hard
to deal with and share information．
4 Besides, you can easily communicate with people
all over the world by Internet．
5 This will cost a lot of money, but after all,
it is worth buying a computer for every teacher．
6 She uses the computer so well that
she seldom / doesn't often write with a pen and paper．
7 If a new situation arises, they will make up
new programmes．Suggested answers to Exercise 1: Reading Task
Thanks For Your Coming
P17 Look at the pictures.
Talk about each of them.
Discuss what they have in common.An abacusA calculatorA PC(=personal computer)A notebook computer/laptopA huge computer An abacus is an old calculating machine used in China until now.
A huge computer is built to solve some mathematical problems. But it is too big.
A calculator is a new calculating machine which can solve a large number of mathematical problems.
A PC is a personal computer which can solve all kinds of problems and is widely used now.
A notebook computer is a kind of useful computer which can be taken conveniently like a notebook. You are asked to use the following expression in your discussion.
I think that …
In my opinion…
I believe that…
Why do you think so?
What’s your reason?DiscussionI think they all can calculate something.It
can deal with some maths problem.I believe that they are our good friends.In
our everyday life.we can not finish our work
quickly without them.In my opinion ,people improve abacus,make
it more useful and make it a computer.They
are being used widely and conveniently in
the world.Soft disc
(floppy disc)CD-ROM printerscannermp3U S B Some Information about the computers and the internet Hardware
Software
Host
Output
Programs
Memory
Drives
Desk-top computer
Business computer
Digital movie
硬件软件主机输出程序内存储器驱动器台式计算机商务计算机数字影像Chat rooms ,net bar, chat bar
On-line friends
Be on-line, on the internet
Down-load files
Send and receive e-mail
Web fans
Internet sites
E-mail box
Electronic mail
Local Area Network
Log in
Log out
netizen 网吧网友上网，在线下载文件收发邮件网迷网址电子邮件电子邮件箱局域网登陆注销网民Floppy discchipsmonitormodemCD-ROMscannerKey-boardprinterUsing words and expressions
Fill in the blanks with the proper words in the boxComplete the sentences with some of the words in the box.Monitor, mouse, keyboard, hard disc, floppy disc ,CD-ROM, printer, modem, A_________ is used to see your data on a computer .
A__________ or disk is the main device that a computer uses to store information.
A _________is a machine for printing text or pictures onto paper ,especially one connected to the computer.
A_________ is used to put data into a computer .
A________ _is often used to connect computers to each other though phone lines .
Data can also be stored in a ______________,which is small and can be carried easily.
A___________ is a disc that contains computer data. It can store a large amount of data.
monitorhard diskprinterkeyboardmodemfloppy discCD-ROMCompact Disk Read only MemoryDiscussion What can computer be used for?
I think that …
In my opinion …
I believe that …
What’s your reason?
Why do you think so?I use the computer or Internet to:type my homework
draw pictures
play games
communicate with my friends.
gather related information for my lessons
buy the things I like, eg books and clothes.
listen to music
watch movies.Pre-readingWhat do you know about computer?For example,can you name some parts of computer?
2. How have computers changed our lives?
mousekeyboardmonitorListen to the tape and answer the questions.1. Who am I?Who was the first person to make the earliest
computer?
A. Alan Turing B. Charles Babbage C. Charles Turing3.When was the “universal machine” built?
A. In 1822 B. In 1642 C.1936computer(B)(c) Read the text again and find out
the changes of computer Changes of the computer:Calculating machineAnalytical machineUniversal machine Artificial intelligence network(In 1642)(In 1822)(in 1936)(In the 1960s)internet(In the 1970s)
1.Where were you in 1642?
3 What were you called in 1936?4 What did you get in the 1960s?What happened to you in the 1970s? 2 What happened to you in 1822?
1 Where were you in 1642?
2 What happened to you in 1822?
3 What were you called in 1936?
4 What did you get in the 1960s?
5 What happened to you in the 1970s?In FranceI was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage.Universal machine.I got my new transistors.I was brought into people’s homes.Comprehending1 Who is the speaker in this story?
2 Write down three sentences from the story to support your idea.A computer.1 Then in 1822 I was built as an Analytical
machine by Charles Babbage.
2 My real father was Alan Turing, …
3 However, people thought I was simple-minded
until they discovered I had “artifical intelligence.”Look at the timeline below.Fill in the blanks with in-formation from the reading above.
Timeline
1642:_________________________________
____: The Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage
1936:___________________________________
____________________________________
1960s:___________________________________
_____: The first family of computers was connected to each other
1970s:_________________________________________
Now:__________________________________________The computer began as a calculating machine1822Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how 1960scomputers could be made to workComputers had new transistors and became smallerComputers were brought into people’s homes.Computers connect people all over the world
togetherAccording to the timeline and the outline to finish the summary about the text The computer …….as a calculating machine in 1642, then in 1822, it was … as an Analytical Machine by … . At the year of 1936, Alan Turing …… to describe how computers ……. to work, and build a “universal machine “ to solve …………. With the development of ……., in the 1960s, computers had new transistors and became……, then were connected to each other by the internet. As the years had ……, computers were ……. peoples’ homes. Now computers have become the most important … to ……. all over the world together.The summary about the text The computer began only as a calculating machine in 1642, then in 1822, it was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage . At the year of 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine “ to solve mathematical problem. With the development of information technology, in the 1960s, computers had new transistors and became smaller and smaller, then were connected to each other by the internet. As the years had gone by, computers were brought into peoples’ homes. Now computers have become the most important tools to connect people all over the world together.Read the text carefully, find out the difficult points.Homework a calculating machine, in 1642
an analytical machine, in 1822
a universal machine, in 1936
got new transistors, in 1960s
connected, network, in the early 1960s
brought into people’s homes, in 1970s, communicate with by the Internet I was born in_____in France. In____, I was built as an__________________,following instructions from cards with holes. In_____, my real father, Alan Turing, described how computers could be made to work in a book and solved any mathematic problem by_________ a ________machine. People were surprised at my artificial____________ . At first, I was the size of a large room. As times has gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller. In the______, I got new transistors. My memory became______ and_____, but I got ________and________, quicker and quicker. 16421822Analytical Machine1936buildinguniversalintelligence1960slargerlargerclevererclevererI could share information with others and talk to each other by a net. It was in the_________ that my family and I have been used by billions of people. I am happy that I have truly been built to serve _______ ________since my birth.
?
1970s humane raceLanguge points1.common adj. 普通的，常见的；共有的，共用的
①在英国Smith是个很普通的名字。
Smith is a common name in England.
②他们对音乐都有着共同的强烈兴趣。
A great interest in music was common to them..
in common (with) (和……)一样
have sth. in common (with) (与……)有共同之处
③他们虽是兄弟，但毫无共同之处。
They are brothers, but they have nothing in common.
④和许多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐，而不喜欢流行音乐。In common with many people, he prefers classical music to pop music.
⑤In common with many other girls, Anne likes dancing.
(1)They have a lot________ and became good friends very soon.
A. in common B. in case C. in surprise D. in interest
(2)Does this book have_________________ (共同之处)with that one?
(3)We are___________________ (普通人), but we can do something well.
(4)______________________________ (和多数英国人一样), he enjoys football.
?
Aanything in commoncommon peopleIn common with most Englishmen(6)像许多年轻的夫妇一样,他们不喜欢跟父母住在
一起.
____ ________ _______ ______ ______ _____,
they do not like to live with their parents.
(7)我们在业余爱好方面有许多共同之处．
We ______ ___ ___ ___ ______ ______ each
other in hobby.
(8)这两次地震有什么共同点吗？
Do the two earthquakes ______ ______ ____
________?
(9)这游泳池由附近的孩子们共同使用.
The swimming pool ____ ____ ____ ______ by
all the children in the neighbourhood.In common with many young coupleshave a lot in common withhave anything in is used in commoncommon(10) ______ he gets up at 6:30. But today he
got up earlier than ______.
Commonly; usual B. Normally; usually
C. Usually; usual D. Usually; common
(11) Are Mary and Susan ______ names for
girls in English-speaking countries?
usual B. common C. ordinary D. normal
(12)The twin sisters have ______ with each
other except that they look alike.
a lot in common B. little in common
C. nothing in common D. no common
ABB2. in one’s opinion 依……来看
?在我们看来，秋天是北京最好的季节
①In our opinion, autumn is the best season in Beijing.
② What’ s your opinion of this question?
in one's view
=in the view of sb.
= in one's opinion
= in the opinion of sb. 据……的见解be of the same opinion意见一致
be of different opinions意见不一致
have a good opinion of... 对……评价高
have a poor opinion of ... 对……评价低
(1)_________that this one will meet our need.
A. In my opinion B. I believe
C. I think in mind D. I seem
(2)_________ (依我来看), the price is not reasonable.BIn my opinion(3)They are___________________(意见不一致).
(4)People_________________________(对他评价很低).
of different opinionshave a poor opinion of him3.follow跟随；沿着；听懂；遵循；听从
follow one’s instructions 执行(某人的)指令
①Follow this road, and you'll get there.
②I'm sorry I don't quite follow you.
③You should follow the rules of the lab when you are doing experiment.
沿着这条路走，你就会到那儿。对不起，我不太明白你的意思。
你们做实验时，就应该遵守实验室的规则。④你先走，我随后就到。
⑤如果你听从我的劝告而努力学习，你考试就能及格。
?instructions
意为“指示，命令” ;“说明”时，常用复数形式。
⑥他指示我们尽快完成这项任务。
He gave us instructions to finish this task as soon as possible.You go first, then I’ll follow you.If you follow my advice and study hard, you will pass
the exam.
瓶子上有说明。 The instructions are on the bottle.
①村民们仍然遵从他们祖先的习俗.
The villagers still _________________ of their
grandfathers.
②他走进商店,他的妻子紧随其后.
He walked into the shop first and his wife
_________.
③顺着这条大街走,你就能走到那所学校.
______ this street ______ you get to the school.follow the customsfollowedFollowuntil④他说得那么快,我都听不清了.
He spoke so fast __________________________.
⑤老师命令学生及早到达.
The teacher gave the students _______________
____________.
⑥服这药之前你要看看瓶上的说明.
Read the ___________ on the bottle ______ you ____ the medicine.
⑦有时她指导滑冰.
She sometimes _________________ in skating.that I couldn’t follow himinstructions toarrive earlyinstructionsbeforetakegives instruction(8)There was a terrible noise_____ the sudden burst of light.
followed B. being followed
C. to be followed D. following
(9)You should take the medicine according to the_________ on the bottle.
A. instructions B. orders
C. advices D. descriptionsDA(10)I__________________________(接受了老师的建议) and pay more attention to my spoken English.
(11) As a soldier, you must learn_____________(服从命令).
(12)You should give______________________ (清楚的说明)for every exercise.
(13)I______________________(跟着他进了房子)
to follow ordersfollow the teacher’s advicethe clear instructionsfollowed him into the house4.sound
The music sounds sweet. 音乐听起夹很
It sounds (like) a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。
It sounds as if they can do nothing about it. 听起来他们好像也没有办法。
(1)What he has said_____________.
A. sounds interesting B. sounds interested
C. sounded like interesting D. is sounded interesting
(2)The soup tasted_____________.
A. good B. well C. badly D. terriblyAA(3)The task_______________(看起来很容易) ,but it took us a week.
(4)Cotton_______________________(摸起来很软).
feels very softseems easy5. simple 简单的；单纯的；朴素的
①请用简单的英语写一则故事。
Please write a story in simple English.
②他并不像看上去那样单纯。
He is not as simple as he looks.
③她过着朴素的生活。
She lives a simple life. simple-minded: showing very little intelligence ①汤姆很聪明，可是他有许多头脑简单的朋友.Tom is smart but he has a lot of simple-minded friends.② She wasn’t as simple-minded as people thought.她不象人们想的那样头脑简单。adj.- n-ed = adj. 复合形容词absent-minded
open-minded
narrow-minded
single-minded
strong-minded
weak-minded心不在焉的
虚心的，没有偏见的
心胸狭窄的
一心一意的
意志坚强的
低能的，愚蠢的(1) Gibert ______ electricity, but Edison______ light bulb.
A. discovered; found B. discovered; invented
C. invented; discovered D. uncovered; invented
(2)________________________(别心不在焉);listen to the teacher carefully.
(3) Try________________________(做一名心胸宽阔的人). That will do you a lot of good.
BDon’t be absent-mindedto be a broad-minded person 6.thought常用来表示“本来以为(认为)’’，后来证明与事实不符合的行为。
①I had thought he knew the time of the meeting.
②我本来以为这部电影很有趣，可实际上很无聊。
③她本来以为父亲会很高兴，但并没有。 I had thought this film was very interesting.She had thought her father would be very happy.7.intelligence n．智力；聪明
intelligent adj．有智力的；聪明的；理解力强的
①He is a person of great intelligence.
他是个极聪明的人。
②海豚是有智力的动物。
A dolphin is an intelligent animal. 8. anyway =anyhow adv.
无论怎样, 无论如何
①I shall go and see him anyway.
② I’m going to do it anyway.
③ Anyway I must finish the work today.
9. be the size of … 有…大
The house is half the size of that one.
10.as conj. 随着……，引导时间状语从句。
As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的。
表示“随着……”时，也可以用with，但with是介词，后面一般不接句子。
With the passing of the years, they have become close friends.
几年过去了，他们已成了亲密朋友。11. go by 经过(某地)；(时间)过去；(机会等)失去；遵循，依据……办事 go by = pass
①一辆汽车全速驶过。
A car went by at full speed.
②一星期一星期慢慢地过去了。
The weeks went slowly by.
③不要错失这次机会。
Don't let this chance go by.
④那是需要遵守的好规章。
That is a good rule to go by.7.As the years have gone by, …___
随着(1) As time went on / as we grow older(2) go by = pass Time went by slowly.(3)My pen is gone. (no longer living; dead)Gone with the wind ( 影片名)①②③④⑤⑥(1)As time________, she became more and more anxious about her son's safety.
A. passing B. going by C. passed D. goes by
(2)With the time________, our anxiety grew.
A. goes by B. going by C.has gone by D.had gone by
(3)Three months__________ before we knew it.
A. passed by B. went C. went by D. past
(4)As the wealth of the country increases, more and more waste will be produced.
__________the wealth of the country’s____________, more and more waste will be produced.
DBCWithdevelopment(5) A taxi_______________ (刚刚过去)。
You’ll have to wait a few more minutes.
has just gone by(6)Things will get easier as time goes by.
(7)The weeks went by slowly.
(8)He was in when I went by yesterday.
12.There are/were times when…有段时期……；有时常会……
There was a time when ... 曾经一度……;有一段时间……
①There are times when I don't know what to do.
②There was a time when the star was popular with the young people.
曾经有段时间这个明星很受年轻人欢迎。at one time过去曾经，一度”，用于一般过去时态
at a time “一次，每次”或“在某个时候”
at times “有时，不时”，相当于from time to time或sometimes
at one time, at a time, at times
(1)Take two pills______________.
(2) _____________women were looked down upon.
(3)He receives letters from his parents________.
(4) ______________they were good friends.
at a timeAt one timeat timesAt one time13.totally adv. = completely
14. so + 形容词(副词)+ that….
such + 名词 + that….
(1)so…that引导结果状语从句，其结构是：
so+ adj／adv.+that-c1ause
so+ adj．+a(n)+单数可数名词+that-clause
so+ many／few+可数名词复数+that-clause
so+ much／little+不可数名词+that-clause
(2)such…that也可引导结果状语从句，其结构是：
such-+ a(n)+ adj．+单数可数名词+that-clause
such+ (adj.)+不可数名词+that-clause
such+ (adj.)+可数名词复数+that-clause
The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it.
We left early so that we could catch the first
train. He was so excited that he could not speak.He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.so that --- 因此, 结果He got up late, so that he didn’t get to work
on time.so + 形容词(副词)+ that….结构中
so + 形容词(副词)在句首时,句子用倒装结构
He works so hard that he seldom goes home.
So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.
(1) There is______ much work to do and he was______ worried about finishing it in time that he was quite nervous all day long.
A. so; so B. such; such C. so; such D. such; so
(2) It was______ that we went camping in the mountains.
A. such nice weather B. such a nice weather
C. so nice a weather D. too nice weather
(3) She has______ she remembers all the names of the students she has taught.
A. so good memory B. good memory
C. such a good memory that D. such good memory thatAAC(4) So large___________ that I couldn't believe it.
A. did my memory become
B. my memory became
C. my memory did become
D. became my memory
(5)This is such an interesting film that we all want to see it.
This film _______________ that we all want to see it.
Ais so interesting15.deal with处理，对付；和……打交道，对待；论述，涉及 How ----deal with / What ---- do with
①How shall we deal with the problem?
②Such people are difficult to deal with.
③Deal with a man as he deals with you.
④We have dealt with the company for 10 years.
⑤ This book deals with problems of pollution. 我们将如何处理这个问题呢?
这种人不好对付。
以其人之道，还治其人之身。
我们同那家公司打了十年的交道了。
这本书论述污染问题。
deal with
1)处理,解决,安排
2)对待,对付,宾语是人
3)谈论，涉及we must deal with this problem as
soon as possible.
Deal with a man as he deals with you
The book deals with the questions of
maths.
(1)How are you going to________ such problems?
A. do with B. deal with C. deal D. do up
(2) _________ pollution is a serious problem to the human race.
A. What to deal with B. How to do with
C. What to do with D. What to do
(3) I have_________________________(很多信件要处理).
(4)It is very difficult_____________________________(对付那些吵闹的孩子).
(5)This book_______________________(论述古希腊).
(6)Teachers should______________________________(公平对待所有的学生).
?BCa lot of letters to deal withto deal with those noisy childrendeals with Ancient Greecedeal fairly with all of the students16.serve服务;服役
①我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。
We should serve the people heart and soul.
②There was no one in the shop to serve him.
店里没人接待他。
③现在午饭准备好了。
Lunch is served now.
④他在部队服役五年。
He served in the army for five years.
?
(1)The shop assistant_______________(在接待) a customer.
(2) Be sure__________________(上) coffee hot.
(3) He ____________________(在部队服役) since 1979.
has served in an armyto serveis serving17.at birth/ by birth/ of ... birth/ give birth to
at birth在出生时
by birth在血统上；生来
of ... birth ……的出身
give birth to生产；生下
(1)The baby weighed 7 pounds____________.
(2)He is British__________though he was born in France.
(3)The dog_____________ a couple of lovely little dogs.
(4) She is_________ good_________.
(5) Her sister_______________ twins last night.
at birthby birthgave birth toofbirthgave birth toDifficult sentencesThen in 1822 I was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage.2. I followed instructions from cards with holes.3. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and built ….problem.4. As the years have gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller.5. No one could recognize me after I got my new transistors in the 1960s.6. I love being used to connect people who aren’t close enough to speak to each other.There were times when…
有一段时间follow an order
follow one’s advice
follow a custom
follow sb.’s example 服从命令
听从劝告
遵循一种习俗
向某人学习eg: As a soldier, you must learn to follow orders.He is willing to follow other’s advice.VocabularySnow is __________(常见的) in cold countries.
Can you __________(估计) the cost of this journey?
The __________(分析) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.
I shall go and see him ____________(无论如何)。
He’s some kind of _______________（数学）genius.
He is too s_______________ to work out such a difficult problem.
He asked his father’s o__________ about his plans.
How are you going to d__________ with the letter?commoncalculateanalysisanywaymathematicalimple-mindedpinionealI t__________ agree to your plan.
This is a t____________ beautiful picture.
The wealth of society is ________(创造) by the laboring people.
The children __________(漫步) in the woods that day.
Please ___________(编程序) the computer to do the job.
Our football __________(教练) trains the team.
__________(就我个人而言), I think he is dishonest, but many people trust him.
otallyrulycreatedwanderedprogramcoachPersonallyPhraseTry to read the words and phrasesCalculating machine 计算机器
Analytical Machine 分析机
Universal machine 通用计算器
Artificial intelligence 人工智能
Technological revolution 技术革命
Mathematical problem 数学问题
Transistor 晶体管
听起来简单
技术革命
人工智能
作为…开始
解决问题
一个头脑简单的人
数学问题
被完全改变了
与…信息共享
为人类服务1)sound simple
2) a technological revolution
3) artificial intelligence
4) begin as
5) solve a problem
6) a simple-minded man
7) mathematical problem
8) be totally changed
9) share information with
10) serve the human race处理
老百姓
常识
在我看来
公众舆论
分析法
与…共居一室
与…有关
（从…旁）走过
使生效deal with
the common people
common knowledge
in my opinion
public opinion
an analytical method
share a room with
connect with
go by
bring into effect做出决定
聚集
毕竟
在…的帮助下
编造，化妆
依造某人的观点
私人信件
看守，监视
玩得愉快
一年一度make a decision
get together
after all
with the help of
make up
in one’s opinion
a personal letter
watch over
have a good time
once a year 1）允许某人干某事
2）建筑材料
3） 事实上
4） 创建一栋新楼
5）在某种程度上 allow sb. to do sth.
building materials
in fact
create a new building
in a way句型转换1）What did you do with the letter?
________ did you _______ _______the letter?
Since then, billions of people have used computers to deal with information.
Since then, computers _____ _______ _______ ______ billions of people to deal with information.
People brought computers into their homes in the 1970s.
Computer ________ _______ ________ their homes in 1970s.
How deal withhave been usedbywere brought into4) With time going by, he becomes more and more intelligent.
________ time _______ ________, he becomes more and more intelligent.
5) I began only as a machine that was used for calculating in 1642 in France.
I began only as _____ ________ __________ in 1642 in France.
6) I’m the size of a human.
I’m ________ ______ _______ a human.
Asgoes bya calculating machineas big as 7) In my view, he is clever and diligent.
______ ______ _______, he is clever and diligent.
8) Be careful when you are crossing the street.
Be careful _______ _______ the street.
9) We have improved our living conditions in the last twenty years.
Our living conditions ______ _____ ______ in the last twenty years.
10) They are not protecting some animals well enough.
Some animals are not _____ ________ well enough.In my opinionwhen crossinghave been improvedbeing protectedANDY- THE ANDROIDWe have many different kinds
of androids in our daily life.
Skeleton 人体骨架pencilMars 战神,战士Free talk:What do you think android can do? Robot copdancingdrummingWriting
fightingPlay footballLet’s listen to the story and try to get the main idea.Fast reading1 What’s the Andy’s job on the football team?
He is a striker.
2 In last year, where did the Andy’s team compete?
Seattle, Washington in the USA.
3 What’s the Andy’s wish?
He wound like to play against a human team.
Now, with the questions below, please read the passage carefully again.1.Who is Andy? What is he good at?
2.What helps him to move and think like a human?
3.What does Andy think about the team who beat them last year? why?
4.What does the programmer do to Andy?1.Who is Andy? What is he good at?
He is an android. And he is good at
playing football
2.What helps him to move and think
like a human?
His computer helps him to move and
think like a human.
3.What does Andy think about the team
who beat them last year? Why?
She thinks the team cheated because they
had a new kind of programmer, which had
just been developed before the competition.
4.What does the programmer do to Andy?
She programs me with all the possible
moves she has seen while watching human
games.
Read the text carefully and decide whether the following sentences true or false 1. Andy looks like a human.
2.Andy can communicate with his teammates by using the human language.
3. Andy first competes in Nagoya, Japan.
4.Andy thought his opponent cheated, because they had a new kind of program, which had just been developed before the competition.
5. Andy thought his programmer can create an even better system.
6.The programmer programs moves so that Andy can use them in games.
7. Andy is an android, so intelligence is all of him.
(T)(F)(T)(T)(F)(T)(T)Reading: I am ____ of a football team. I am as big as a human. On football team ,I am a______, so I can run very fast. My computer chips _____ me to _____ and _____ like a human. I need to shout in computer language to my teammates to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal. I first ______ in Nagoya, Japan. _________ our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA. Our team got _____ place. Personally, I think the team who won first place_______. They had a new kind of program, which had just been developed before the competition.Fill in the blankspartstrikerhelpmovethinkcompeteLast yearsecondcheated I need to tell my programmer to _______ my intelligence. I think we can work together to _____an even better system. In fact, I would really like to play ______ a human team sometimes. _______, my programmer is like my______. She programs me with all the ____________ she has been while watching human games. Then she programs possible moves that I can use if a new situation______. In this way, I can ________ new moves. After all, ______________my electronic _____which never forgets anything, intelligence is what I’m all about! improvecreateagainstIn a waycoachPossible movesarisesWith the help ofbrainmake up
The story is about the _____ called ____, who is good at____________. And his
__________ makes him think and move like a ______. However, they _____ in the _________ hosted in the USA, because the other team had a new kind of
_______. After that, he will ask his programmer to improve his _________ and _______ some new moves. androidAndyplaying footballprogrammerhumanfailedcompetitionprogramintelligencemake up1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each one?
1) advantage n. 优点; 优势; 有利条件
都市生活有几个优点。
There are several advantages in city life.
2) disadvantage n. 缺点, 劣势; 不利条件
take advantage of 利用
be to your advantage 对…..有利 Language points about Using Language.2. Then decide which type of IT is best for you to use right now.
type
1) n. 类型
This is a new type of machine, with
lots of meters on it.
这是一种新型的机器, 上面有许多仪表。2) v. 打字
你帮我打一下这封信好吗?
Will you please type this letter for me?3. I disagree because…
disagree (vi) 常与with连用(食物, 天气等) 不适合
Mutton disagrees with me.
我不吃羊肉。不同意; 意见不同
在这一点上我和你的意见不一致。
I disagree with you about this.
不一致; 不符
His report disagrees with the fact.4. Personally, I think the team who won first place cheated.
我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了。personally adv. 就自己而言; 就我个人来说
She didn’t like the plan, but personally
I see nothing wrong with it.
她不喜欢这项计划, 但我本人觉得没什么不好的。person (n)--personal (adj.)--personally (adv)5. I think we can work together to create an even better system. create (vt.) 创造; 创作
An artist should create beautiful things.even用于修饰形容词, 副词的比较级，much, far, no, still, a lot, a little6. In a way, my programmer is like my coach.in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。
In a way, his English has improved.与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。
容易与之混淆的词组是in the way意为“造成阻碍”，请比较：
In a way, I like this new textbook very much．
从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。
I’m afraid your bike is in the way．
看来你的自行车挡着道了。7. She programs me with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.1) move (n.) 行动; 步骤 (可数)What’s our next move?make a move 动身, 采取行动
be on the move 在活动, 在行进中 2) while watching…
= while she watches… While he was doing his English homework, he fell asleep.
= While doing his ….8. In this way, I can make up new moves.
整个故事是虚构的。
make up 组成;构成;编造;弥补;化妆
In this way, I can make up new moves. （ ）
She spent an hour making herself up before the party.（ ）补充; 弥补化妆 Sixty students make up our class.
（ ）
Society is made up of people of different abilities.（ ）
The criminal made up a story about where he was when the crime happened.
（ ）
Please make up a new dialogue according to the text.
（ ） 形成, 构成 由…组成捏造; 虚构编制; 编出So you made it after all!
你毕竟成功了！
After all, what does it matter?
归根结底, 那又有什么关系呢？9. after all 毕竟; 到底; 终究 She should have offered to pay — she’s a millionaire, after all． 她应该主动提出付款 ── 别忘了, 她是个百万富翁。10. with the help of 在……的帮助下
在老师的帮助下, 我的英语进步很快。
With the help of the teacher, I have
made rapid progress in my English
study.
11. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看
They were watched over by three policemen.watch out (for) 当心; 注意
watch for sb./sth. 观察等待
keep a watch on 监视
under the close watch 在严密的监视下12. wander (v.): to move around in an area or go from place to place without any special purpose; roam 游荡; 闲逛
He was wandering aimlessly up and down the road．
他在路上无目的地来回溜达。Pair-work to discuss how to design
your own androids. The following questions and expressions can help you:
＊What would you like it to look like?
＊What are some of the things you
would like it to do?
＊Do you want it to be like a man or a
woman, or neither?
＊How much would it cost?......
In my opinion…
I ( don’t ) think that…
What is your reason ?
It costs…
DiscussionA: What kind of robot have you decided
to make?
B: I've decided that we should have a
homework android. It could do all our
work after class and leave us more time
to do football．
A: OK. But what do you think it should
look like?Sample dialogue 1: B: In my opinion, it should have four
arms to carry the books, a large head
to remember all the lessons and a
printer to write out the answers．
What do you think?
A: Well, that sounds sensible. Perhaps it
could also put all the exercises into
specially marked boxes for each subject so we could find them quickly.
What about putting that in its
stomach area?
B: Do you want it to be a man or a
woman? You can choose．
A: I've decided it should be a girl．
B: What's your reason?
A: Girls are so hard-working．
B: Sounds good to me! Let's draw it now!A: What would you like your android to look like?
B : B: In my opinion it should look like a bird.
A: That sounds interesting. What will it do for you?
B: I think it can sing beautiful songs for me day and night.
A : Oh, yes! That sounds good. How much is it?
B: It doesn’t cost much money because I will make it by myself.
A: Really?! Do you want it to be a man or woman, or neither?
B : I want it to be a beautiful girl named Kelly.
A: Please show it to us some day.
B: Oh, No money no talk.
2DebateWill the androids replace
humans in the future?
I agree/ disagree because…
In my opinion…
I ( don’t ) think that…
I believe that…
Debate
G: I don’t agree with that androids will replace humans in the future because they are made and controlled by people.
B : In my opinion, I agree with the point for the technology is developing faster and faster. I think they will kill people in the future.
G: In fact, they can’t live without people. For example, if they are broken, they need to be repaired by people. Besides, they don’t fall in love with each other so they won’t get married. As a result, they have no babies. They will die out soon.
B: Although they are not able give birth to a baby, they can copy themselves one after another.
G: But there is no evidence can prove it.
B : However, many resources of the world will be used up soon.
Then people can’t live on the earth. But robots are still alive.
G: No, they need electricity too… …
Homework:Writing a short passage according to the following points:You are an android. You work for a family with one child who was very spoiled. The parents want you to do everything for them. The parents are nice, but they often ask you to watch over their child. How do you feel? what would do if the child asked you to do his homework?
You may begin like this: Hello, everybody. My name is
_____.I’m a 321 model. I work for Li family………The Present Perfect Passive VoiceGrammar1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)
现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等, 现在完成时常与 already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确1. 两种时态的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词，如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。
一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。2) 现在完成进行时 (have/has + been + 现在分词）1) 一般现在时的被动语态 (am/is/are+ 过去分词）
如: The work is done during two days.
2) 一般过去时的被动语态 (was/were+ 过去分词） 2. 七种被动语态形式 如: He was sent to the hospital
immediately after the accident.
3) 一般将来时的被动语态 (will/shall + be + 过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词）
如: The work will be finished soon.
4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are + being+ 过去分词）
如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has +been + 过去分词）
如: The radio has been repaired when
we phoned the shop.
6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be + 过去分词)
如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词)
如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其构成是: have/has been + done。例如：
1. The dirty clothes have been washed.
脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the
experts for three times.
这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。现在完成时的被动语态3. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years.
这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。现在完成时被动态：
have / has? + been + 动词过去分词
现在完成进行时：
have / has + been + 动词现在分词 它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上, 被动态接的是过去分词形式, 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式。1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。如：
The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt.
张飞庙已经过重建。2. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。如:
The door has been locked.
门已经被锁上了。
3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能
持续下去。如：
He has been told about it for many times.
有人告诉他这事很多次了。
（可能还会有人告诉他）（我或别人现在进不去）4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时已完成的动作。如：
We’ll start as soon as the work has been finished.
工作一完成我们就立即动身。 注意:1. 副词的位置
often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如:
[误] Such a man has been hardly
believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been
believed.2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：
[误] Great changes have been taken
place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
China since 1978.2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：
[误] The door has been opened of itself.
[正] The door has opened of itself.3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：
The SARS patients have been taken good care of.4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。如： My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
How long has this book been bought?
How long ago was this book bought?(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
如: Some new computers were stolen
last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.
这本书出版于1981年。被动语态的用法:(2) 强调动作的承受者, 而不强调动作的执行者。
如: The window was broken by Mike.
窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.
这本书是他写的。(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2) 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 主动语态变被动语态的方法(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by them in the
factory.
歌诀是:宾变主, 主变宾, by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动, be后“过分”来使用。4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一个保留不动。
主动：I have given him the key.
被动：He has been given the key.
被动：The key has been given (to) him.5) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动， 改称主语补足语。
主动：I have asked her to help you.
被动：She has been asked to help you.Exercises1.?Both my brother work at the power station that ___ in my hometown.
A. has set up B. has been set up
C. was set up D. is set up2.?---_____ the sports meet will be put off.
A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told
C. I’m told D. I told3. All the preparation for the task ____, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been done4. ---- How long ____ at this job?
---- Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed
D. will you be employed5.?When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ____ yet.
A. are not decided
B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided
D. has not been decided6. Betty___ injured since last Saturday. A. has been
B. was C. is
D. has7. That book _________into at least 20 foreign languages.
?A. has said to be translated
?B. has been said to have translated
?C. is said that it had been translated
?D. is said to have been translated注:该句的句型是:It is said that…/people (they) said that…/that book is said to …根据句意是已经被译成了20 多种文字所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。 8. –Hi, Tom, you look tired.
? -- Of course. I ___ the living room all day.
A. had painted B. painted
? C. have been painted
D. have been painting9. --Did you move into the new house?
-- No. The rooms ___ yet.
A. were being painted
B. are painting
C. have not painted
D. have not been painted 10. Great changes___ in my hometown and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place;
are being set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. are taken place; had been set up
D. took place; will set up 11. It’s said that this book___ into Chinese.
A. had translated B. has translated
C. was translated D. has been translated 12. You can’t move in .The house _____.
A. is painting B. is being painted
C. has painted D. has been painted 13. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage___ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. (2005重庆)
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been cause14. Have you ever___ to the exhibition which ___for three weeks?
A. gone; has been shown
B. visited; shown
C. been; has been on show
D. went; lasted15. ---How long ago ___ these eggs___?
--- Perhaps 15 days.
A. will; hatch
B. did; hatch
C. were; hatched
D. have; been hatched改错1. A personal computer has bought by us.
A personal computer has been bought by us.
2. Many problems has been found with our new computer.
Many problems have been found with our new computer.3. A PC has been builded the way we wanted.
A PC has been built the way we wanted.
4. Our computer just has been joined to the internet.
Our computer has just been joined to the internet.5. The computer was used every day since we bought it.
The computer has been used every day since we bought it.
6. A lot of e-mails had written on the computer in the past 5 years.
A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past 5 years.Using language1. --- Do you think it’s going to rain over
the weekend?
--- _______. (NMET2000)
A. I don’t believe
B. I don’t believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe notDo some multiple choices.Revision2. The old man didn’t feel _______ though he stayed on the hill______.
A. alone; lonely B. alone; alone
C. lonely; alone D. lonely; lonely3. Though he is _______worker he works very hard.
A. common B. an ordinary
C. a usual D. a general4. As time _______they came to _______ nobody, for they were always cheated not only by words but also by deeds.
A. passed by; believe
B. flew by; believe in
C. passed on; believe
D. went by; believe in5. It may rain tomorrow, but we shall go_______.
A. anyway B. anywhere
C. anything D. anytime games6. Please give me two books ________.
We were good friends __________, but aren’t now.
You should _________ waste your time playing computer. Use at a time, at one time, at no time to fill in the blanks.at a timeat one timeat no time8. The hero of the story is an artist in his ________, who lived in__________.
A. thirty; the 1930s B. thirties; the 1930
C. thirty; 1930s D. thirties; the 1930s7. What a strange man! He loves his wife, but _________ he often beats her.
A. at a time B. at one time
C. in time D. at the same time9. — I’ve got some wonderful news, we
are going to spend a holiday abroad.
— Really?___________.
A. I don’t believe so
B. I believe not
C. I can’t believe it
D. I don’t believe it.10. Last summer he taught us ___ fire accidents.
A. how did we deal with
B. what did we deal with
C. how we dealt with
D. what we dealt with12. --- What’s the matter with you, Bob?
--- I don’t know what to ___ all the food that’s left over.
A. deal with B. do with
C. be dealt with D. be done with11. Mr Brown is a man hard to _____.
A. deal with B. deal against
C. deal into D. deal in LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering useful words and expressions
Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 totally 2 revolution
3 artificial intelligence 4 birth
5 simple-minded ? 6 go by?
7 deal with? 8 network
9 truly 10 anywayAnswer key for Exercise 2:
revolution; network;?
went by; totally;
truly; simple-minded;
Anyway; deal with Answer key for Exercise 3:
1? totally? 2 amazed?
3 exciting? 4 excited?
5 cheaply? 6 unluckyDiscovering useful structures
Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 ... my family and I have been used by billions of
people to deal with information ....
2 I have truly been built to serve the human race .... Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 A new personal computer has been bought by us．
2 Many problems have been found with our new computer．
3 A PC has been built the way we wanted．
4 Our computer has just been joined to the Internet．
5 The computer has been used every day by us since we bought it．
6 A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past year．USING STRUCTURES
Answer key for Exercise 1:
1 It has been reported that children will be offered
free education．
It has been reported that free education will be offered
to children．
2 It has been said that we will be offered
the latest computer science course book．
It has been planned that the latest computer science
course book will be offered to us．
3 I have been told by Peter that I will be lent
his notebook computer for a week．
I have been told by Peter that his notebook computer
will be lent to me for a week．Answer key for Exercise 2:
1 This type / kind of computer has been specially
designed for teachers and students．
2 The needs of the teachers and students have been
greatly considered．
3 With the help of computer, you may not find it hard
to deal with and share information．
4 Besides, you can easily communicate with people
all over the world by Internet．
5 This will cost a lot of money, but after all,
it is worth buying a computer for every teacher．
6 She uses the computer so well that
she seldom / doesn't often write with a pen and paper．
7 If a new situation arises, they will make up
new programmes．Suggested answers to Exercise 1: Reading Task
Thanks For Your Coming