冀教版八年级英语（上）unit2 Lesson16课文讲解和练习

lesson 16 unit review
语法专项讲解
语法专讲现在完成时：
1.现在完成时的基本概念和用法：
现在完成时由have（has）＋动词的过去分词构成。规则动词的过去分词的构成与动词过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词各不相同，需个别记忆。
（1）现在完成时表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，常与just（刚刚），already（已经），ever（曾经），never（从来），yet（尚，还）等表示时间的副词搭配使用。
Have you ever seen the film
你看过这部电影吗？
She has already bought a lot of things.
她已经买了许多东西。
（2）表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示段时间的时间状语连用，这样的时间常用since或for来构成。since后面加时间点或从句（从句的时态常用一般过去时）for后加时间段：
He has worked here for 15 years.
他在这里工作了15年了。
I have studied English since I came here.
自从我来这里，一直在学英语。
肯定式，否定式，疑问式如下：
I （We, You, They）have read it.
He （She）has read it.
I （We, You, They）have not read it.
He （She）has not read it.
Have I （we, you, they）read it
Has he （she）read it
（3）某些非延续性动词即动作开始便终止的动词，在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间的状语搭配。例如下面这些动词属于非延续性动词，并非不能用于现在完成时，而是不能接由for或since引导的时间状语。die, arrive, join, leave, go, finish, buy, come lend, borrow, marry, 例如：
He has come here for two hours. （×）他来了两个小时了。
He has been here for two hours.
（4）have （has）gone to表示去了某地但还没有回来。have（has）been to表示去过某地并且已经回来。
He has gone to Shanghai.
他到上海去了。
He has been to Shanghai.
他去过上海。
2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和目前情况无关，它可以和表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, last year, just now等连用。试比较：
It snowed heavily yesterday.
昨天雪下得很大。
It has snowed for three days.
已经下了三天雪了。
现在完成时专项练习
针对练习
基础过关 课堂巩固，基础闯关
一、 单项选择。
(　)1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known
C. must know D. will know
(　)2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he
A. already B. never C.ever D. still
(　)3、Have you met Mr. Li ______？
A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago
(　)4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.
A. is writing B. was writing
C. wrote D. has written
(　)5、—Our country ______ a lot so far.
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better
(　)6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.
A. was ; studying B. will ; study
C. has ; studied D. are ; studying
(　)7.We______Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A. know B. had known
C. have known D. knew
(　)8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice.
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see
(　)9.—These farmers have been to the
United States.
—Really When _____ there
A. will they go B. did they go
C. do they go D. have they gone
(　)10.—______ you ___ your homework yet
　　 —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago.
A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished
D. will; do; finish
拓展提高 课后拓展，提升能力
Ⅰ.（中考高频题）单项选择
( )1.(2005年重庆) Nowadays science fiction isn’t as ____________ as cartoons among teenagers.
A. popular B. more popular
C. less popular D. the most popular
( ) 2.（2006年福州） We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing ________ these years than ever before.
A. quickly B. less quickly
C. more quickly D. the most quickly
II.（创新题）句型转换填空。
1、He has never surfed, _____ ________ （改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
______ __________have they been here
3、The old man _________ last year. He _____ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ______ ______ ______ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother____the Party three years __.
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
__________________________________________
III.（兴趣题）选词填空。请从方框内选择适当的词语完成这封信。
Writing, talking,sitting ,playing, swimming , flying,sunny, studying,drawing, having
Dear Bob,
My name is Rich .I’m fourteen years old .I’m(1)__________ in a middle school .My school is nice and clean. There are 30 students in my class .It’s(2) _______ today . My classmates and I are(3) ________ a good time on the beach .It’s a nice place .The water is blue and clear . Many birds are(4) ________ over the sea .Many people are (5)_________ . Some boys are(6) _________ football . Some people are (7)________ on the beach . A girl is(8) _________ pictures on a chair .Another girl is (9)________ photos .I’m (10)_________to you ! What are you doing I hope you can write to me soon .
Best wishes!
Rich
1____ 2______ 3_______ 4________ 5_______
6_____ 7______ 8_______ 9_______ 10_______
IV.（综合题）
We are all busy talking about and using the Internet, but how many of us know the history of the Internet
Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. At that time ,computers were large and puter networks(网络) didn't work well. If one computer in the networks broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system (系统) had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information(信息)could be sent through another part. In this way computer network system would keep on working all the time.
At first,the Internet was only used by the goverment(政府),but,in the early 1970s, university(大学),hospitals and banks were allowed ( ) to use it too. Howerver,computers were still expensive and the Internet was difficult to become cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software(软件) that made "Surfing"(浏览）the Internet more convenient(方便).
Today it is easy to get-on-line and it is said that millions of people use the internet every day. Sending e-mail is more and more popular among students.
The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of people's life.
（ ）1.The Internet has a history of ______ years.
A.about 40 B.less than 30 C.more than 45 D.nearly 35
（ ）2.Scientists set up a new network system to _______.
A. make the computer cheaper. B.use the computer widely
C.make the computer go well D.develop new softwares
（ ）3.The Internet was widely used in the ______.
A.1960s B.1970s C.1980s D.1990s
（ ）4.The underlined words "get-on-line" in Chinese means "________"
A.上机 B.上网 C.接线 D.买电脑
（ ）5.Which of the following is NOT ture
A.In the 1960s computer networks system went wrong easily.
B.Computers are much cheaper than before.
C.Today the Internet is used everywhere.
D.People had enough softwares to get on-line fifteen years ago
激活潜能 围绕主题，实战应用
V. （开放题）汉译英。
1、他昨天收到一封信。
He _______ a letter _______.
2、我父亲以前到过长城。
My father ______ ______ to the Great Wall.
3、她还没有看过那部新电影。
She _______ ______ this new movie yet.
4、她去过上海吗。
_____ She ______ to ShangHai
5、他这些天上哪儿去了？
Where _____ he _______ in these days
VI.探究题 单项选择
(　)1.Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library.
A. has gone B. went
C. will go D. has been
(　)2.My parents______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to
C. have gone to D. have been
(　)3.The students have cleaned the classroom,_____
A. so they B. don’t they
C. have they D. haven’t they
(　)4._____has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he ____ to China
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
(　)5. His uncle ____ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
Lesson 16答案
基础过关
一、1---6 BBCDC 7---10 CCBBB
拓展提高
I.1---2 AC
II.1.has he 2.How long 3.died, has been dead
4.has been open 5.has been away
6.joined；ago 7.It is, since
8.The bus has been here for ten minutes.
III.1. sitting 2. sunny 3. having 4. flying
5. talking 6. playing 7. swimming 8. drawing
9. studying 10. writing
IV.1---5 CBDBD
激活潜能　
V.1. received yesterday 2. has been 3. hasn’t seen4. Has been 5. has been
VI.探究题
1---5 AADCC