英语句子成分分析
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课件13张PPT。句子成分分析I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday afternoon.
主 谓 定语 宾语 同位语 地点状语 时间状语（一 ）主语主语通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词或从句担任。
She went out in a hurry.
To see is to believe.
Smoking is bad for health.
When we shall leave hasn’t been decided.
The young should respect the old.
The wounded ____taken good care of there.
What he has just said ___true.wereis温馨提示：1. 形容词或分词前加the 可以表示一类人，做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
2. 从句也可以做主语，称为主语从句，此时谓语动词用单数。二 谓语谓语是由动词构成，有简单谓语、复合谓语之分。
1. 简单谓语： 是由动词或动词词组组成的。
Everyone laughed.
I saw the red flag on the top of the hill.
2. 复合谓语：是由“情态动词或助动词 + 动词”构成；“连系动词+ 表语”也构成复合谓语。
He can speak English very well.
Do you speak English?
The work must be done before three o’clock.
He is a teacher. She is in good health.三 宾语一般用在及物动词或介词后面，表示行为对象或结果。
I love my motherland. They have built another power plant.
I have two. I prefer watching TV. She promised to help me. I don’t know what he said at the meeting.
We must fight for peace.
宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语。前者表示动作的承受者或结果；后者表示动作是谁做的，或为谁做的。
They offered me the job.
I ordered us three dishes.温馨提示：间接宾语在下列情况下可以改为一个由to或for引起的短语1. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时：
Give it to me. Cf. give me the book.
I’ll order it for you. Cf. I ordered us three dishes.
2. 需要对间接宾语加以强调时：
I’ve bought this book for you, not for myself.想一想：哪些动词后接to+间接宾语？
哪些动词后加for+间接宾语？五 宾语补足语有些动词的宾语后需要添加部分内容对宾语进行补充说明，称为宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。
I found the book very interesting.
He made himself known to them first.
She asked me to lend her a land.
I consider her as my best friend.
提示：主动语态变为被动语态后，宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语,有时省略的部分应该补充出来。
We saw him playing near the river. ----He was seen playing near the river.
The boss made them work 12 hours a day. ---They were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.六 定语定语通常由形容词代词数词介词短语动词不定式动名词分词或从句担任
That is a difficult problem.
There is nothing new in the statement.
Do you know Tom’s /his sister?
I broke the window pane.
The clouds above began to get thicker.
Where is the letter from my sister?
I have no time to write to him.
We must catch the train leaving at 7:30.
All that can be done has been done.七 状语状语是句子中修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子的成分,通常由副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词，或从句担任，可表时间地点原因目的方式伴随条件程度让步频率等
They are working hard.
She is very enthusiastic about it.
He works extremely hard.
The situation is indeed excellent.
He comes to see us every day.
We are one and all in favor of the decision.
To get to work on time, I must take the early bus.
He is at the library looking up some information.
She was beautiful when she was a girl.
I’ll be back in a while.
He was late because of the heavy rain.
Please call me up if it is necessary.简单句的六种形式S + V
Albert Einstein’s name never dies. The book sells well.
S + P
I am astonished.
S + V + O
Raga likes sports, gardening and playing the drums.
S + V + o + O
Can you tell me the way to the station?
S + V + O + C
We call him a walking dictionary.
There be
There is a cell phone on the table.想一想：常见的系动词有哪些？想一想：哪些动词后面必须加动词不定式或动名词做宾语？想一想：哪些动词后接to+间接宾语？
哪些动词后加for+间接宾语？Time flies fast.
There will be a good meal for us at our aunt’s.
The rive rose ten feet in the night.
I heard him shout.
He bought some sweets for his son.
I prefer my coffee hot.
Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself.
You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.
A lot of noise is going on outside.
The little girl can dress herself now.
It was a pity that you didn’t watch that wonderful match.
I felt my heart beat rapidly.
Do you want to come to the party?
We should do something to help the students in difficulties.
How long have you worked in the hospital?The skirt is a bit too long for me.
The Chinese people long for the realization of the four modernizations.
The milk tastes fresh.
I am in a hurry to find a job.
I found your shoes under the bed.
I am against this plan though you are all for it.
I find it hard to get along with her.
It is necessary for me to help her in trouble.
It’s kind of you to let me know your secrets.
I’ m wondering whether it’s winter or fall.
Whether it will be fine or not isn’t known to us all.
Is this the school where you once studied?
Is this school the one you visited last year?
He is the last person for such a job.
This is the last place where I expected to meet you.
主 谓 定语 宾语 同位语 地点状语 时间状语（一 ）主语主语通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词或从句担任。
She went out in a hurry.
To see is to believe.
Smoking is bad for health.
When we shall leave hasn’t been decided.
The young should respect the old.
The wounded ____taken good care of there.
What he has just said ___true.wereis温馨提示：1. 形容词或分词前加the 可以表示一类人，做主语时，谓语动词用复数。
2. 从句也可以做主语，称为主语从句，此时谓语动词用单数。二 谓语谓语是由动词构成，有简单谓语、复合谓语之分。
1. 简单谓语： 是由动词或动词词组组成的。
Everyone laughed.
I saw the red flag on the top of the hill.
2. 复合谓语：是由“情态动词或助动词 + 动词”构成；“连系动词+ 表语”也构成复合谓语。
He can speak English very well.
Do you speak English?
The work must be done before three o’clock.
He is a teacher. She is in good health.三 宾语一般用在及物动词或介词后面，表示行为对象或结果。
I love my motherland. They have built another power plant.
I have two. I prefer watching TV. She promised to help me. I don’t know what he said at the meeting.
We must fight for peace.
宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语。前者表示动作的承受者或结果；后者表示动作是谁做的，或为谁做的。
They offered me the job.
I ordered us three dishes.温馨提示：间接宾语在下列情况下可以改为一个由to或for引起的短语1. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时：
Give it to me. Cf. give me the book.
I’ll order it for you. Cf. I ordered us three dishes.
2. 需要对间接宾语加以强调时：
I’ve bought this book for you, not for myself.想一想：哪些动词后接to+间接宾语？
哪些动词后加for+间接宾语？五 宾语补足语有些动词的宾语后需要添加部分内容对宾语进行补充说明，称为宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。
I found the book very interesting.
He made himself known to them first.
She asked me to lend her a land.
I consider her as my best friend.
提示：主动语态变为被动语态后，宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语,有时省略的部分应该补充出来。
We saw him playing near the river. ----He was seen playing near the river.
The boss made them work 12 hours a day. ---They were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.六 定语定语通常由形容词代词数词介词短语动词不定式动名词分词或从句担任
That is a difficult problem.
There is nothing new in the statement.
Do you know Tom’s /his sister?
I broke the window pane.
The clouds above began to get thicker.
Where is the letter from my sister?
I have no time to write to him.
We must catch the train leaving at 7:30.
All that can be done has been done.七 状语状语是句子中修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子的成分,通常由副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词，或从句担任，可表时间地点原因目的方式伴随条件程度让步频率等
They are working hard.
She is very enthusiastic about it.
He works extremely hard.
The situation is indeed excellent.
He comes to see us every day.
We are one and all in favor of the decision.
To get to work on time, I must take the early bus.
He is at the library looking up some information.
She was beautiful when she was a girl.
I’ll be back in a while.
He was late because of the heavy rain.
Please call me up if it is necessary.简单句的六种形式S + V
Albert Einstein’s name never dies. The book sells well.
S + P
I am astonished.
S + V + O
Raga likes sports, gardening and playing the drums.
S + V + o + O
Can you tell me the way to the station?
S + V + O + C
We call him a walking dictionary.
There be
There is a cell phone on the table.想一想：常见的系动词有哪些？想一想：哪些动词后面必须加动词不定式或动名词做宾语？想一想：哪些动词后接to+间接宾语？
哪些动词后加for+间接宾语？Time flies fast.
There will be a good meal for us at our aunt’s.
The rive rose ten feet in the night.
I heard him shout.
He bought some sweets for his son.
I prefer my coffee hot.
Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself.
You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.
A lot of noise is going on outside.
The little girl can dress herself now.
It was a pity that you didn’t watch that wonderful match.
I felt my heart beat rapidly.
Do you want to come to the party?
We should do something to help the students in difficulties.
How long have you worked in the hospital?The skirt is a bit too long for me.
The Chinese people long for the realization of the four modernizations.
The milk tastes fresh.
I am in a hurry to find a job.
I found your shoes under the bed.
I am against this plan though you are all for it.
I find it hard to get along with her.
It is necessary for me to help her in trouble.
It’s kind of you to let me know your secrets.
I’ m wondering whether it’s winter or fall.
Whether it will be fine or not isn’t known to us all.
Is this the school where you once studied?
Is this school the one you visited last year?
He is the last person for such a job.
This is the last place where I expected to meet you.